Tống Huệ Phương- SBD 50- K39 Sư phạm Tiếng Anh- Khoa Ngoại Ngữ

HANOI PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY NO.2FOREIGN LANGUAGE FACULTY ASSIGNMENT COVER Student: Tống Huệ Phương Class: K39 Sư Phạm Tiếng Anh Student ID: 135D1402180046 Title: APPLYING SKYPE SOFWARE

HANOI PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY NO.2

FOREIGN LANGUAGE FACULTY

ASSIGNMENT COVER

Student: Tống Huệ Phương Class: K39 Sư Phạm Tiếng Anh

Student ID: 135D1402180046 Title:

APPLYING SKYPE SOFWARE TO ADVANCE ENGLISH COMMUNICATION FOR ENGLISH PEDAGOGY STUDENTS IN THE THIRD YEAR AT HANOI PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY NUMBER 2

Due date: 13- June Date of submission: 13- June

Student declaration: I declare that this is my own work except where clearly

APPLYING SKYPE SOFWARE TO ADVANCE ENGLISH COMMUNICATION FOR

ENGLISH PEDAGOGY STUDENTS IN THE THIRD YEAR AT HANOI

PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY NUMBER 2

Tống Huệ PhươngClass K39SPAHanoi Pedagogical University No.2

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION

I RATIONALE

It cannot be denied that the important role of Communication in every field of ourlife: Education, Economy, Culture, Trade, Arts, and so on The society is more and moredeveloped every day so that human being aware of essential knowledge not only majorbut also soft skills which consist of terms of different ability such as language, IT,teamwork, etc One out of the most important skills is the social skill which tends people

to communicate with each other Hence, the need to incorporate and include acceptableprinciples of effective communication was emphasized

In addition, developing remarkably quickly in nowadays and becomingInternational language, English is the most using language to communicate all over theworld, the tool to get successful in whichever field need to use if they want to enhancethemselves in study or job with higher level or qualification

However, English is a language which has a number of differences inpronunciation, word formation, grammar, spoken expression… from others that make somany berries for the other countries' learners to imply it fluently as the second language

A student has learned English for 9 years, even 12 years cannot introduce themselveswell and correctly in English, because they only focus on old books with full of grammarstructures and words At school, the amount of reading and writing account for almostpercentages due to exams with scores They are lacking English practice environment toimprove and engage, motivate them turning the death language into the spokencommunication which can carry out in real life Due to this problem, the development of

IT in the recent modern century solves this problem quickest and most effective Therehas one invented software which connects users all over the world, allows them make acall, chat and watch their face like real talk, sometimes you can send files also, withoutany cost whenever your computer/ phone is connected to The Internet called SKYPE

Today there are more than 630 million users of Skype This number rises sharply everyday and every time.

II RESEARCH OBJECTS

The research is aimed at achieving the following three goals:

- To find out what benefits and limitations of using Skype to enhance EnglishCommunication competence

- The feasibility between the interactions of this software with the self- study oflearners

III RESEARCH SCOPE

The main subject of the research is checking out the Skype application of ourthird- year students at Hanoi Pedagogical University Number 2 There are following mainpoints: the definition of English Communication, instruction of installing and usingSkype, advantages and disadvantages of using this

IV RESEARCH METHODS

In recent years, the use of qualitative and quantitative methods in studying thesame phenomenon has received significant attention among the scholars and researchers

To achieve the most reliable data, the researcher uses two common methods combinationwhich are Questionnaire and Focus Groups supports each other

Population involved to the research is invited to answer a number of questions forboth methods, one is discussion group form and the other is answer sheet with multiplechoice questions Based on the student’s answers and opinions, the researcher will do theanalysis of such data In other words, students will debate following group of three sothat the researcher can see the advantages and the problems which students face Afterthat, the author will collect and analyze the data in their papers and note- takings

VI SIGNIFICANE OF THE RESEARCH

The researcher conducts the opinion, idea conversations between students and theinformation they have completed via answer sheet Then the author is able to ensure howimportant of implying Skype to improve student’s English communication ability If thishas any drawbacks, the solutions or the combination in using with other methods will becontinuously researched; otherwise, it should be replicated at school or class to gainhighest benefits for students in their learning.

PART TWO: DEVELOPMENT

CHAPTER 1 THEORITICAL BACKGROUND

I LITERATURE REVIEW

I.1 English Communication

I.1.1 Definition of Communication

"Communication," which is etymologically related to both "communion" and

"community," comes from the Latin communicare, which means "to make common"(Weekley, 1967, p 338) or "to share." DeVito (1986) expanded on this, writing thatcommunication is "[t]he process or act of transmitting a message from a sender to areceiver, through a channel and with the interference of noise" (p 61) On other hands,according to Merriam Webster Dictionary explains with the simple definition,

"Communication refers to the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviors

to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., tosomeone else"

I.1.2 The role of Communication

PMI's 2013Pulse of the Profession TM report revealed that US$135 million is atrisk for every US$1 billion spent on a project Further research on the importance ofeffective communications uncovers that a startling 56 percent (US$75 million of thatUS$135 million) is at risk due to ineffective communications Communication skills areranked FIRST among a job candidate's "must have" skills and qualities, according to a

2010 survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers To sum

up, Communication skills are important to everyone We give and receive informationand convey our ideas and opinions with the people around us by communicating to them.

I.1.3 The elements of Communication

Meanwhile, the process of Communication succeeds when it transfers thespeaker's messages through body language (eye contact, gesture, posture, facialexpression…) or words to the listener for them to understand to interact Basically,communication model consists of 4 main elements: the sender, the receiver, the message,the channel, and feedback In fact, one conversation needs to have subjects and topics orpurpose are supposed to be completely meaningful, these called the sender- the receiverand the message/ content How about the channel and feedback? The channel is related tothe method or the way we apply to convey information such as spoken word, the Internet,radio, television or something written like newspaper or magazine, so on Every tool hasboth advantages and disadvantages for subjects Last but not least, the feedback refers tohow the listener understands and reacts to the information given by the sender They canshow their thought and opinion by asking questions, comments or using body languages

to show off

I.1.4 English Communication

In the 21st century, characterized by increased globalization, competence ininternational languages, such as English, is invaluable From the specific data below, wesee and understand what communication is and the vital effects of this field with everyaspect of our life We communicate by two kinds of language verbal and non-verbalcommunication Both are important in conveying the message in a conversation;however, the speech will be easy to express speaker's intention if we use it fluently andeffectively "The phrase ‘Communicative English' refers to that English which helps us tocommunicate effectively with people using language functions" (Sarah, 2004, p.1)

I.2 SKYPE is able to light a dark day.

I.2.1 The development of Information Technology

In Vietnam in the 60s of the last century, some electric computers appeared andthe Western still called them Science Computer Until the early years of 1980, Westernconducted the concept "Informatics" and widely extended in Vietnam in 1985 Next,Informatics Organization was established there in 1988 which marked the important andrapid development of every subject in this country Nguyễn Trần Dương (1996)’sresearch stated, Information technology includes informatics and telecommunications and

it will combine families, companies, factories, nations into the international network.Telephone services, special delivery, television, information provision, business,training will be connected in super electronic network computers becomes verypopular not only in the office but also in every residence People can obtain differentkinds of information through computers and exchange every matter with the speed oflight Furthermore, learning International languages requires active and motivatedenvironment for learners to apply their theory from the materials to reality conversation

By contrast, Vietnam is limited communicative habitat due to the traditional teachingEnglish methodology (Grammar Translation Method) used from the 1970s to 1990,especially some mountainous and undeveloped areas, they couldn't have any chance tocommunicate with foreigners as much as Hanoi, Saigon or HoChiMinh cities

I.2.2 The application of Skype in learning English

I.2.2.1 Concept of Skype

First released in August 2003, Skype was created by Dane Janus Friis and SwedeNiklas Zennström in cooperation with Estonians Ahti Heinla, Priit Kasesalu, and JaanTallinn (2006) Skype is a communication tool that allows users to make audio and videocalls over the Internet (Anastasiia Melnyk) Anonymous said, Skype, as a freecommunication service, provides the opportunity of calling, seeing, messaging, andsharing with people wherever they are (2013b) Skype is a telecommunication applicationsoftware that specializes in providing video chat and voice calls from computers, tablets

and mobile devices via the Internet to other devices or telephones/smartphones(MARKTON, 2014) it was founded in 2003

I.2.2.2 Skype registration and installation

Skype-to-Skype calls to other users are free of charge, but to use it, you mustcreate an account with your profile information such as your last and first name, emailaddress, birthday, region, language and of course, Skype name which you want to appearwhen signing in and password If you want to find out more information, let go to thislink https://login.skype.com/registration While making the call to other skype' account isfree, the call to landline telephones and mobile phones (over traditional telephonenetworks) are charged via a debit-based user account system called Skype Credit

The system for Windows can run in Windows® XP, Vista or 7, both 32- and bit operating systems Internet connection – broadband is best (GPRS is not supported forvoice calls) To talk and watch the partners, the users need to install the speakers andmicrophone - built-in or separate For voice calls recommend a broadband connectionwith 100 kbps down / 100 kbps up For group video calling everyone on the call needsSkype 5.0 for Windows or Mac or higher plus webcams, and, at least, one person on thecall needs to have a Skype Premium subscription For best quality recommend using ahigh- speed broadband connection of 4Mbps down / 512kbps up and a computer with aCore 2 Duo 1.8 GHz processor As a minimum, the users need a high-speed broadconnection of 512kbps down / 128kbps up and a computer with a 1 GHz processor

64-I.2.2.3 The advantages of carrying out Skype

I.2.2.3.1 Skype saves time

The most important argument for learning English is the possibility of interactionwith the others Most claims are made by followers of the classical tools of languageteaching because of the question of psychology student - teacher relationships, interactingvia Skype, Anastasiia(2015) reported Skype lets applicators make a call or send images/

recordings/ videos without meeting their partners If people must use letters to sendinformation in the past and waited to reply for long days, or students considered studysubject problems to discuss with teachers, friends… nowadays they do not have to take

an appointment or meet directly to have a conversation They just stand with thecomputer/ mobile/ tablet connected The Internet for light speed, they completely see eachother and talk freely, declining moving time and effort Imagine that time of a lesson atyour class is limited, thanks to Skype you are able to connect teachers, friends, now yourgeographical location plays no role anymore

With making a group- call function, Skype absolutely is an idea place for you andyour friends do drills in a pair, group, and the maximum number can rise up to 6-8members per one Furthermore, although your school opens every day during a week,except Saturday and Sunday, you do not worry how can meet your friends or teachersbecause of the long distance anymore

I.2.2.3.2 Skype stores money

Learning English online via Skype was a real salvation for residents of large citieswhere you have a lot of time to travel to the place of study In small towns is anotherproblem: a lack of talented and experienced teachers who follow the new methods oflanguage learning and are able to practice modern technology In addition, Skype haspushed the boundaries and allows you to learn with teachers from other countries,including those who are native speakers for free Because this software only costs you thenetwork fee per hour/day/ month/ year which depends on your payment method Besides,you have a chance to find International friends all over the word who have the samepurpose to you- studying English as the second language That is quite helpful forlearners, yet they try to listen and comprehend a variety of other English languages ofvarious countries These benefits you could not find in any textbooks or your localschool, expect you get to use Skype as the method to apply In addition, doing Englishusing Skype, you can always quickly find the information on the Internet which helps

you get out of the trap of limited vocabulary or the poor idea This advantage is equallyappreciated by students and teachers.

I.2.2.4 The drawbacks of using Skype

I.2.2.4.1 Learning via Skype restricts activities

Every method has both benefits and drawbacks and Skype is not the exceptionalcase Because this software is such convenient to apply by staying at home and talking sothat it controls creative activities called games which expect a large empty space as aclass to occur For instance, some common helpful techniques which implied so far inteaching English such as role- play, jig- saw, think- pair-share are impossible to applyvia Skype On other hands, some experienced teacher realized this limited side and theyturned this one into the strength They made their students discussing in a group, even ifthey cannot interact physically, they still perform role- play by changing theiractor/actress and voices in different topics to engage their communication and interactionskills

Moreover, a board cannot be used to write and show necessary information duringthe lesson The teachers would like to type in the chat box on Skype; however, they areallowed typing words and numbers only without special characteristic, diagrams orphonemes that lead trouble for students to understand and pronounce exactly if they donot look up the dictionary or try to imitate what their teacher says Besides, teachers andfriends in different countries usually have distinguished time zones so that it will be thebarrier for them if they cannot arrange the suitable schedule individually

I.2.2.4.2 Practice via Skype improves incomplete skills

Practicing English speaking and listening skills via Skype is an undeniable usefulway to enhance communication competence, even so the main claim is that the teacherdoes not see what the student writes and cannot correct the error in time In fact, learningEnglish via Skype provides more live communication, not writing Grammar exercises

student performs independently and at the beginning of the next class, the teacher points

to mistakes and explains the new material By this weak point, some teachers did recordtheir students' speaking mistakes and write down, correct it after their speech to let themknow and change Nevertheless, the learners still need to learn vocabulary, reading andwriting by themselves a lot to complete their other skills

The sound quality from Skype is not as consistent and reliable as that of landline

or cell phones Skype also raises a number of concerns about security and resourceconsumption (Educause Learning Initiative) Of course, learning English via Skypelargely depends on the proper operation of equipment and an internet connection.Without them, effective lessons are impossible “Experienced teachers recommend foreasy learning process to use the headset, so background noise interferes neither you northe teacher” (Anastasiia, 2015, p.89)

In summary, everything has two sides However, Skype is the available and cheap,effective method for students to advance themselves, especially English Communication

To have the best result in English skill, students need to have the high awareness not onlyclass- study, but self- study at home

CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY

II Research methods proposal

The overall design of a research consists of its methods and procedures Researchdesign can be described as Qualitative or Quantitative in approach Both of them have thestrengths and weakness used in the investigation According to Allan Steckler, thestrengths of quantitative methods are that they produce factual, reliable outcome data thatare usually generalizable to some larger population The strengths of qualitative methodsare that they generate rich, detailed, valid process data that usually leave the studyparticipants’ perspectives intact

II.1 Methods

II.1.1.Focus Groups

II.1.1.1 Definition of Focus Groups

Focus groups are group discussions organized to explore a specific set of Issuessuch as people's views and experiences of contraception (Barker and Ricb1992,Zimmermanetal.1990), drink-driving (Basch et al 1989), nutrition (Crokett et al 1990) ormental illness (Gmnig1990) They are first mentioned as a market research technique inthe1920s (Bascb1987; Bogardus1926) and were used by Merton in the1950s to examinepeople's reactions to war time propaganda (Mertonetal.1956) In fact, it is Merton who is

often credited with developing the 'focused interview' with groups (Although he neveractually used the term 'focus group' and would beg to differ from some contemporaryuses of the technique) (see Merton 1987).

An idea group to dispute and collect the data and statistics combines 3-6volunteers The figures of group bases on how large of each research project is If theproject is small, 2-3 groups for checking information is enough; however, with the largeone, it requires 10-15 groups A project involving 4 to 6 Focus Groups should be able to

be completely executed within a 3 to 4 week period, from the time of approval to thereceipt of the final report Each conversation lasts from 40-60 minutes There is noremarkable differences of this method from others, excepting the vital interactionbetween participants in group

II.1.1.2 The strengths of Focus Groups

Belonged to qualitative research method, Focus Groups allows a researcher tointerview in- depth data from the number of participants quickly and effectively,comparing with the Interview method which only investigates one- by- one In theconversation the moderator motivates the participants to explore topics and generate thehypotheses (Freitas et al 1998) The answers and the choices of interviewers come fromtheir real experiences happened in project research and their own knowledge so far.Besides, the moderator conducts the discussion process being able to observe a hugerange of joiners’ emotions in a short time, not conveyed via handouts individually, whichcalled “face- validity” data

Moreover, this application is more highlighted than the others due to the highinteraction between the moderators and the participants, and the participants with eachother This difference leads to a comfortable and very open atmosphere for everyone,reducing stress or pressure as much as possible When doing research about topic

“Applying SKYPE to enhance English Communication skill for the third year K39students at HPU2”, the researcher exploits and carries it out effectively due to the