Nguyen Thi Minh Thu - overview of these amorphogenesis inducing agent and their interactions with cellulose

overview of these amorphogenesis inducing agent and their interactions with cellulose Name: Nguyen Thi Minh Thu 2016.11.18... OverviewThe amorphogenesis inducing or disrupting is disrupt

overview of these amorphogenesis inducing agent

and their interactions with cellulose

Name: Nguyen Thi Minh Thu

2016.11.18

1 Overview

2 The amorphogenesis – inducing proteins

CONTENTS

2.1 Expansin 2.2 EXLX1 or YOAj 2.3 Swollenin

1 Overview

The amorphogenesis inducing or disrupting is disrupted or loosened by non – hydrolytic proteins at

inaccessible regions in enzymatic saccharification of cellulose

Amorphogenesis reducing

What is the amorphogenesis inducing agent brings disrupting or loosening of the plant cell wall ?

EXLX1

Swollenin

The amorphogenesis – inducing

protein

To disrupt and weaken the plant cell wall without releasing

a significant amount of soluble sugars

Promoting amorphegenesis of the substrate

2.1 Expansin

 Expansin are plant cell – wall loosening proteins involved in cell enlargement and in a variety of other developmental

processes in which cell – wall modification occurs

 The structure of expansin includes two domains (domain 1 and domain 2) preceded by a signal peptide

Expansin

p12

Barwin

G2A

A C B F

SP Domain 1 Domain 2

• Domain 1 likely the structure of GH45 It lacks of a second asparate so do not be hydrolytic activity

• Domain 2 was initially speculated tobe a CBM on the basic of conserved aromatic and polar residues on the surface of the protein

To induce extension of isolated cell walls

To be associated with cell – wall loosening in growing

cells

Urea and deuterium oxide reduces the creep rate on cell wall

2.2 EXLX1 OR YOAJ

• is an expansin from Bacterial

• Likely the structure of plant expansins, consist of two domains:

+ Domain 1: form a six – stranded double – ψ β - barrel with high structural similarity to D1 of plant expansins, much lower similarity to GH – 102 peptidoglycan lytic transglycosylases

+ Domain 2: is structurally related to domain D2 plant expansins, forming an Ig – like β sandwich

• It induces extension of plant cell walls, but it has weak expansin activity

2.3 SWOLLENIN

 Is a special expansin – like protein from fungus Trichoderma reesei.

 The structure of swollenin includes an N – terminal cellulose – specific carbohydrate binding module (CBM) connect via a linker region to a C – terminal expansin – like domain (mammalian fibronectin type III – like repeats)

Promoted the disruption of cellulosic biomass through a non – hydrolytic weakening of hydrogen

bonding

Separated relatively crystalline regions of cellulose from each

other

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