Use: - for a completed action or state in the past We lived in Sydney 2 years ago / Yesterday, I was busy so I didn’t have time to phone you - some adverbs are often used in the past sim
Trang 1REVISION FOR THE FIRST - TERM EXAMINATION– English 8
A/ GRAMMAR NOTES
I Tenses
1.Present simple tense
a Form:
- of the verb “be”: S + am/is/are… - S + am/is/are + not… - Am/Is/Are + S…?
- of ordinary verb: S+V-s/es… - S+don’t/doesn’t + V-bare inf… - Do/Does + S +V-bare inf…?
b Use
- for something that is permanently true ( The sun rises in the east and sets in the west)
- for habits and repeated actions (How often do you go to school? / He usually leaves work at 6p.m)
c The “-s/es” ending
- kiss –kisses, go –goes, box – boxes, wash – washes, watch – watches…
- study –studies, copy – copies, carry – carries, try - tries…
- play – plays, buy – buys, obey - obeys…
d Pronunciation of the “-s/es” ending
- of the verb “be”: S + was/were… - S + was/weren’t… - Was/Were + S…?
- of ordinary verb: S + V-ed/V-2… - S + didn’t + V-bare inf… - Did + S + V-bare inf…?
b Use:
- for a completed action or state in the past (We lived in Sydney 2 years ago / Yesterday, I was busy so
I didn’t have time to phone you)
- some adverbs are often used in the past simple: yesterday, ago, last night/week/month/year…
c The “-ed” ending
Trang 2- preferred…
- opened, entered, offered…
- traveled/ travelled
- Irregular verbs: see-saw, buy-bought…
d Pronunciation of the “-ed” ending
- /t/: looked, missed, watched, finished, laughed…
- /d/: cleaned, saved, played, robbed…
- /id/: wanted, needed, invited, decided…
3 Future simple
a Form: S + will +V-bare inf… - S + won’t + V-bare inf… - Will + S + V-bare inf…?
b Use
- statements of future fact (I will be 14 on my next birthday)
- Decision made at the time of speaking (There’s Eleanor I’ll go and talk to her)
- To show willingness (this bag looks heavy I’ll help you)
- Some adverbs are often used: tomorrow, next…, someday, one day, tonight, this morning/ week…, soon…
4 Talk about intention with “be going to”
a Form: S + be going to + V-bare inf…
b Use: for a plan or an intention (Bob is tired of taking the bus to work He is going to buy a car.)
5 Present simple with future meaning: to describe an organized future timetable (What time
does the train leave tomorrow? – It leaves at 8a.m.)
6 Present progressive tense
a Form: S + am/is/are + V-ing… - S + am/is/are + not + V-ing… - Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing…?
b Use:
- For something that is happening at or around the time of speaking (Let’s go out It’s raining now)
- A planned future action (I’m seeing Jessica tonight)
- To show changes with ‘get’ and ‘become’ (Many remote areas are getting electricity / Life in the provinces is definitely becoming better)
7 Present perfect with for and since
a Form
S + have/has + V-ed/V-3(past participle)…
Trang 3S + have/has + not + V-ed/V-3(past participle)…
Have/Has + S + V-ed/V-3(past participle)…?
b Use: The present perfect with “for” and “since” is used when something started in the past and iscontinuing now
- For + period of time (We haven’t lived there since 1987)
- Since + a point of time in the past (He has been in the army for two years)
II Adverbs of place (outside, inside, there, here, upstairs, downstairs…)
Ex: The children are playing upstairs
She lived here in 1999
III … (not) adjective + enough +to-inf (She is not old enough to be in my class / I am tall enough
to reach that shelf.)
IV Modal verbs: should / ought to / must / can / will /may …
Ex:
You mustn’t park your car here.
You must / have to obey your parents.
You look tired You should/ought to go to bed.
You shouldn’t / oughtn’t to make noise in class.
Can / Could: making polite requests (Can you wait a moment, please? / Could you help me
carry this bag?)
“May I…?” is used for polite requests, in the same way as “Can I…?” - May I ask you a
question?
May: offering assistance (May I help you with the washing up?)
V Reflexive pronoun (myself, yourself/ yourselves, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves)
a is used as the object when the subject of the sentence and the object are the same person.
Ex: I cut myself/ He is looking at himself in the mirror
b is used for emphasis
Ex: I myself faxed the report to him
We will go and see the president himself
c by + reflexive pronoun = alone
Ex: Anna lived by herself in that large house
Trang 4VI Why…… ? - Because….
Ex: Why didn’t Hoa go to school yesterday? - Because she was sick
VII Prepositions of time
1 in: in 2002, in summer, in the 21st century, in July, in the past, in the morning…
2 on: on Monday, on July 15th, on her birthday, on Christmas Day, on Tet holiday…
3 at: at 7 o’clock, at noon, at night, at lunch time, at the moment, at present, at Christmas…
4 after: after six, after dinner…
5 before: before lunch, before 10p.m…
6 between…and…: between Monday and Friday, between 6a.m and 10a.m…
VIII used to + V-bare-inf
Ex: I used to go swimming when I was a kid.
She didn’t use to like opera.
Did you use to go there?
IX Adverbs of manner
1 Form: adjective + ly -> adverb of manner
Ex: badly, beautifully, happily, simply…
2 Use:
to modify a verb
3 Position
after an ordinary verb
Notes: good – well, fast – fast, late – late, early – early, hard – hard…
X Commands, requests in reported speech
Form: S + asked /told + O + (not) to-inf…
Ex:
1) “Stand up” He said to me
-> He told me to stand up
2) “Don’t talk in class” The teacher said to the students
-> The teacher told the students not to talk in class
3) “Can you give Tim this book?” She said to me
-> She asked me to give Tim that book
4) She said “Can you meet me next week, Minh?”
Trang 5-> She asked Minh to meet her the following week
XI Advice in reported speech
Form:
S1 + said (that) + S2 + should / ought to + V-bare inf…
S + advised + O + (not) to inf…
Ex: His father said to him: “You should study harder”
-> His father said he should study harder/ His father advised him to study harder
XII Gerunds (V + ing)
Use:
1 As a verbal noun: Swimming is very good for you
2 As an object after some certain verbs: Have you finished working? / He suggested going out for dinner
3 After a preposition: After leaving the house, she checked all the windows / We talk about cooking
XIII Comparative and superlative of adjectives
1 Comparative
Form:
a) S + be + short adjective + er + (than)…
Ex: Jane is taller than her sister
b) S + be + more +long adjective + (than)…
Ex: A car is more expensive than a motorbike
2 Superlative
Form
a) S + be + the + short adjective + est…
Ex: HCM city is the biggest city in Viet Nam
b) S + be + the + most + long adjective…
Ex: Miss World is the most beautiful girl in the world
+Notes:
- lucky – luckier – luckiest
- wide – wider – widest
- good – better – best
Trang 6- bad – worse – worst
- many/much – more – most
- little – less – least
XIV Comparison with “like, (not) as…as, (not) the same as, different from”
1 Like: He ran like the wind / You don’t look like your mother
2 (not) as…as: He is as tall as his brother / She speaks English as well as foreigners / This flat isn’t as/so big as our old one
3 (not) the same as: The shirt on the shelf is the same as the one in the window/ Her hair isn’t the same color as her mother
4 different from: She is very different from her sister / Her new school isn’t much different from her old school
2 My grandparents live ……… , in this town
3 I am enrolling ………….the activities for this summer
4 The students did their test ………
5 He looks very tired He ……….go to bed late
a oughts not to b doesn’t ought to c ought to not d oughtn’t to
6 Please put these books ………….the bookshelf………the desk
7 I ……… a letter from my old friend last week
8 I find Peter is not communicative He’s rather ………in public
Trang 7a kind b reserved c sociable d humorous
9 The River Amazon ……… into the Atlantic Ocean
10 Bell was born……….March 3, 1847
11 They ……….from Canada to America to find work
a started b demonstrated c delivered d emigrated
12 He’ll come ……… to pick you………
13 You’ll ……….cook dinner yourself
14 Dad stayed at the office ……….he finished the report
15 Mr Brown is the same age……… Mrs Brown
16 Ho Chi Minh city is larger and ……… beautiful than Hanoi
17 My mother is……… tired ………cook tonight
18 The new shopping mall is quite……….the present shopping area
a different from b the same c like to d similar
19 ………have you lived in this town? - For nearly 20 years
20 “What ……….?” – “She is very nice.”
a did Sandra like b is Sandra like c does Sandra like d was Sandra like
21 She advised me ……….late
22 I and my friends tried to solve the problem by……….and at last we could
23 A doctor and some nurses are waiting for the………in front of the hospital
Trang 8a customer b assistant c patient d baker
24 When I was a child, I used to………my mother to the market
25 My father will have a meeting……….………… 7.30 am to 10.00 am
26 He was upset by the………of his English examination
27 Everyone dislikes………early on Sundays
28 You should study……… … ……… to make your parents happy
29 A: Could you ………….me a favor? - B: No problem How can I help you?
30 They always go to church……….Christmas Day
31 The teacher told us……….talk in class
32 Hoa and Lan tried to solve the problem by……….and at last they could
33 The girl………the floors of the office twice a day
34 I enjoy telling jokes My friends usually enjoy my sense of ………
35 We must be there……….8.00 pm and 9.00 pm
36 When I was young, I……… eat cheese but now I eat a lot
a didn’t used to b did use to c used to d didn’t use to
37 People who cannot hear nor speak called………
a deaf-mutes b dead-mute c dead-mutes d deaf-mute
38 He usually gives his friends greeting cards ……….Christmas
Trang 9b at b on c in d between
39 Everyone dislikes………early on Sundays
b gets up b getting up c to getting up d get up
40 Nga: Could you turn the TV on?- Hoa: ……… I’ll do it for you.
a I’m sorry I’m really busy b No thank you I’m fine
41 “The lost shoe” was an old………
42 Fortunately, the tiger……… from the burns
43 She joined the English club so as………her English pronunciation
teacher told us……….talk in class
45 The teacher advised him to stop………
46 Alexander G.Bell started experimenting with ways of transmitting speech…………a longdistance
47 Mr Nam left a message, he called……… his stationary orders
48 Those shoes look very tight Do they really……… you?
49 Vietnamese is our………
50 Tim’s mother is very ………of him
II/ Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others
Trang 102 a improve b comment c promise d shop
III/ Choose the word that has the stress differently from the others
IV/ Supply the correct verb form in the parentheses.
1 I ………… ………(do) all the housework The flat is really clean now
3 I like your car How long ………… ………you ………… ……….(have) it?
Trang 114 Did you succeed in ………… ………(solve) the problem? Let me ………… (suggest) some
solutions
5 Steve used to………… (be) a football player He had to stop ………… (play) because of an injury
6 You should (underline) ……… the world you want (learn) ………
7 I promise I (try) ……… my best next semester
8 Nam always (get) ………… grade B for Physics, but last semester he (get) …………A 9 Weusually (go)……….to the library three times a week, but last week we
(go)……….twice
10 Yesterday I (be)……… busy so I (not have)………… time to phone you
11 Would you like (come)………… for dinner tomorrow?
12 We went to Kate’s house but she (not be) ……… at home
13 Mr Brown used to (play)……… football when he ( be )……… young
14 It’s difficult (climb)…… ………this mountain
15 Sandra needs (improve)……… her English writing
16 They were proud of (be)……… so successful
17 They didn’t try (learn)……… all the words they (come) ………across
18 Don’t let children (play)……… in the kitchen
19 I (be)……… ……… rich someday
20 I (read)………a newspaper at the moment I (buy)……….it this morning
21 The children enjoy (go swimming)……… in their free time
22 You must (take)……… an umbrella It (rain)……… now
23 Mr Tan (teach)……… Math in this school since he (graduate)……… from theuniversity in 1990
24 In England the sun (not shine)……… every day
25 My mother wanted me (improve)……… …… my English
26 Nam isn’t strong enough (carry)……… this box
27 He ought to (not stop)……… playing games
28 Mars (be)……… near the earth
29 I like your car How long………… you (have)………… it? – For two weeks
30 I am afraid (go)……… out alone at night
31 Tonight’s concert (begin)……….at 8:00 and it (not end)……….….until 11:00
Trang 1232 You should (finish)………….your homework before (go)…….out with your friends
33 There (not be)……….any electricity last night
34 The teacher asked the students (not make)………noise in class
35 I don’t mind (travel)……… by train but I prefer (fly)………
36 The weather (get)……… colder and colder in December
37 The weather was so nice, so I suggested (go)……… for a walk by the river
38 My hometown (become)………busier
39 He bought a new fishing rod yesterday He (go)……… fishing tomorrow
40 How often your brother (have) English? – He (have) it five times a week
-> ………
V/ Gap filling: Complete each sentence with a suitable word
empty, wash, dust, feed, sweep1.He usually helps his mother……… dishes
2 I have to………the floor and ………….the chicken before going to school
3 We should ……… the garbage every day
funds, get, equipment, activity, report card, mother tongue, pronunciation,
necessary, collect, highlight, proud of, revise, come across
1 Fishing is an ……… my father enjoys best
2 Students in Vietnam can participate in other programs such as raising ………… for the poor
3 In order to ……… good marks, you should try harder
4 My grandmother had to do everything without the help of modern ………
5 Learning new words is………You cannot study a foreign language without doing it
6 Your………shows that you did very well this semester
Trang 137 Can you show me the ………of this word? It’s difficult.
8 Some people………all new words they……… when they read
9 Tom did well at school, and his parents said they were very……… him
10 Vietnamese students usually ……… used glass, paper and cans, and send them forrecycling
grocery, wet market, drugstore, products, customers, stadium, hairdresser’s, swimming
pool, situation, English – speaking contest
1 When your English is better, you can go to the………
2 Oil is one of Vietnam’s……….for export
3 They are going to build a new ……….for Olympic Games
4 My sister is going to the……… to buy some fresh fish
5 Do you want to swim in a ……….or in a river?
6 The family was in a difficult………when the mother was in hospital
7 I’m going to the……… to get my hair cut
8 We bought sugar and flour at the ……….store
9 A………is a shop in the USA where you can buy medicines and a lot of otherthings
10 My mother is one of shop’s most regular………
information, entertainment, plentiful, facilities, relatives, faces, prefers, traffic jams, quiet,
fresh air
1.There isn’t much……… for young people in this village in the evening
2.Television brings us as much……….as newspapers do
3.Tomatoes are……….in the summer
4.I like living in the city, but my father ……….in the countryside
5.Aunts, uncles and cousins are all our………
6.My bedroom……….the garden
7.There are always……….in the city center during rush-hours