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Unit 3: The Market Mechanism I. Vocabulary Mechanism(n) ˈmekənɪzəm: a set of moving parts in a machine that performs a task. Eg: a delicate watch mechanism. The mechanism for locking the door of the washing machine is childproof. Arrangement(n) əˈreɪndʒmənt : a plan or preparation that you make so that something can happen. Eg: travel arrangements. Arrangement for something Ill make arrangements for you to be met at the airport. Participant (n)  pɑrtɪsɪpənt : a person who is taking part in an activity or event. Eg: He has been an active participant in the discussion. To place an order(v): manipulation when we need to buy something. Eg: To place an order for goods with a firm. Scramble  (v) ˈskræmbl : to push, fight or compete with others in order to get or to reach something. Eg: The audience scrambled for the exits. Ration out (v): distribute in rations, as in the army. Eg: Cigarettes are ration out. Rush (v) rʌʃ : to move or to do something with great speed, often too fast. Eg: Weve got plenty of time; theres no need to rush. The sound of rushing water Unload (v) ˌʌnˈləʊd : to remove things from a vehicle or ship after it has taken them somewhere Eg: Everyone helped to unload the luggage from the car. Restore (v) rɪstɔr: to bring back a situation or feeling that existed before. Eg: The measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy

Nhóm 1

1 Lê Thị Tâm

2 Trần Thúy Trinh

3 Ngô Thị Lan Phương

4 Nguyễn Linh Nhi

5 Chu Tuyết Trinh

Khoa Kế Toán-Kiểm Toán

Trường đại học Công Nghiệp Hà Nội

Môn: Economy English

Unit 3: The Market Mechanism

I Vocabulary

II.Grammar

I Vocabulary

- Mechanism(n) /ˈmekənɪzəm/: a set of moving parts in a

machine that performs a task

Eg: a delicate watch mechanism

The mechanism for locking the door of the washing

machine is childproof

- Arrangement(n) /əˈreɪndʒmənt/ : a plan or preparation that

you make so that something can happen

Eg: travel arrangements

Arrangement for something I'll make arrangements for you to be met at the airport

- Participant (n) [pɑr'tɪsɪpənt ] : a person who is taking

part in an activity or event

Eg: He has been an active participant in the discussion

- To place an order(v): manipulation when we need to buy

something

Eg: To place an order for goods with a firm

- Scramble (v) /ˈskræmbl/ : to push, fight or compete with

others in order to get or to reach something

Eg: The audience scrambled for the exits

- Ration out (v): distribute in rations, as in the army

Eg: Cigarettes are ration out

- Rush (v) /rʌʃ/ : to move or to do something with great

speed, often too fast

Eg: We've got plenty of time; there's no need to rush The sound of rushing water

- Unload (v) /ˌʌnˈləʊd/ : to remove things from a vehicle

or ship after it has taken them somewhere

Eg: Everyone helped to unload the luggage from the car

- Restore (v) [rɪ'stɔr]: to bring back a situation or feeling that existed before

Eg: The measures are intended to restore public

confidence in the economy

- Process (n) ['prɑses /'prəʊses]: a series of things that are done in order to achieve a particular result.

Eg: I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow

process

- Triad (n) ['traɪəd] : the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

Eg: the classic triad of the visual arts: sculpture,

architecture and painting

- Favorable (adj) ['feɪvərəbl] : good for something and

making it likely to be successful or have an advantage

Eg: favourable economic conditions

- In addition/əˈdɪʃn/: by way of addition; furthermore.

Eg: In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will

be on duty until midnight

- Shift (n) [ʃɪft] : the act of moving from one place to another Eg: his constant shifting disrupted the class

- Relative (adj) ['relətɪv] : not absolute or complete

Eg: They now live in relative comfort

- Interact (v) ['ɪntə'rækt]: act together or towards others or with others.

Eg: He interacts very well with other children

These devices allow the robot to physically interact with its environment

- Tend to (v) : to take a particular direction or often have a particular quality

Eg: Prices have tended downwards over recent years

1, Vocabulary Exercise

-The workers S… ……… over each other to get out of the

burning factory

-With inflation, prices T……… rise very quickly

-She speaks French, English, and German I……….to

Vietnamese

-At our store Vietnamese bicycles are O………….nobody will

buy them at today’s price so they just stay in the store

-Conditions are very F……….for finding work in a growing economy

-During the war, the government R……… meat and other foods

-She P………For 10 shirts and 10 pairs of

pants

-The new A………… of furniture in this room makes the room look bigger

-Each P……….… in the seminar had to give a short speech

-The prices in Vietnam are low R……… to prices in

America

-After they U………… the goods from the ship you can take them to your store

-When they heard that there was a new issue of Doraemon

comics coming out people R…………to the store to buy it for their children, or perhaps for themselves

-The recent S……….in the exchange rate made imported goods cheaper.

-The T……… of the wine, women, and song is often used to talk about the thing that please men

-Parents should I…… a lot with their children so the the children will be happy

-After a war it is difficult to R……an economy to its previous

state because of damage from bombs

-The M……… of making banknotes is very simple, but requires special inputs that ordinary people are not allowed to buy

-The look P…… is broken so I can’t unlock my door

2, Column A with column B connector so that the correct meaning of the word.

A Distribute in rations, as in the army.

B Not absolute or complete

C To move or to do something with great speed, often too fast

D A set of moving parts in a machine that performs a task

E.Manipulation when we need to buy something

2.A past participle can be part of a verb or it can be an adjective

-It is part of a verb if it is accompanied by some form of the verb

be or have.

Eg: A balance between buyers and sellers will be restored.

He has purchased a car.

It is an adjective when it is not accompanied by some form of be

or have.

Eg: As the buyers scramble around to buy more wheat, the sellers will raise the price of wheat to ration out a limited supply

F A person who is taking part in an activity or event.

G Good for something and making it likely to be successful or

have an advantage

H A plan or preparation that you make so that something can

happen

I To bring back a situation or feeling that existed before,

K To push, fight or compete with others in order to get or to reach something

II Grammatical

1.A present participle is the-ing from of the verb

It is a part of a verb when it is accompanied by some form of the verb “tobe”

Eg: She is talking to her friend

The prices are rising

It is an adjective when it is not accompanied by some form of the verb “tobe”

Eg: What will happen if a goods as cars becomes overstocked at

the going market price?

The shift in the relative wages will cause a shift of workers

into the growing occupation.

By paying attention to the two uses of the present and

pastparticiples, you can avoid misunderstanding while reading or listening, and avoid making mistakes while writing or speaking Students often mistake a participle for a verb so the make a lot of sentences with either no predicate verb or more than one verb

3 Exercise

Indicate if the following sentences are correct(C) or

incorrect(I) Give the season why.

1 The chapters were taught by the professor this morning will be

on next week’s exam

2 The girl drinking coffee is my friend

3 the pizza is served in the restaurant is the most delicious one

4 The child is playing in the garden is my son

5 The story written by Paul appeared in the magazine

6 The letters were posted yesterday will arrive on Monday

7 The tip was offered by the customer was not accepted

Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence

1.Employees will be ……… to wear full company uniform

whenever they are on company premises

4 The ……… mail was delivered to the offices before noon

A sort B sorted

C sorting D sorter

5 She ……… to Canada on Saturday

A flying B has flying

C is flying D has been flying

6 I……… her since she was a child

A knows B know

C known D have known

7 The ……… flowers in the meadow created a rainbow of colors

A bloom B blooms

C blooming D bloomed

8 He……… English now

A is studying B studys

C study D was studying

9 This noise is very………

Arrange the following words to complete sentences

1 At the moment / watching TV/ they / are.

They are watching TV at the moment

2 I / working / in the garden / had been / for / twenty minutes

I had been working in the garden for twenty minutes

3 The sea food / has been / market /step by step / restoring

The sea food market has been restoring step by step

4 Has / sea environment / affected to / Formosa company

Formosa company has affected to sea environment

5 From / save / the company / bank ruptcy / actions / to / rushing/

is / giving / managers

Managers is giving rushing actions to save the company from bank ruptcy

6 In Ha Noi / is / of / the head quarter /located / CVN company The head quarter of CVN company is located in Hanoi

7 Concentrates / need / of / people / satisfying /on / unlimited / economics

Economics concentrates on satisfying unlimited need of

people

8 Used / 3 years / my motor / has /for

My motor has used for 3 years

9 The film / yesterday / was/ to / interesting / see

The film was interesting to see yesterday

10 A new-brand car / purchased / have / I

I have purchased a new-brand car