Cd cfi'u hfinh chinh cac phudng thdn trong dd thj cung 1ft mdt md hinh k6p, hon hdp gifla cac thiit chi phi nhft nUdc, phi quan phUdng cftc hdi ding, hdi doftn vdi nhflng thid't c h i nh
Trang 1SUY NGHI VE KINH TE - XA HOI THANG LONG - HA NOI
HOM QUA HOM NAY VA NGAY MAI
NGUyfiN THt/A HY'
Thfing Long-H& Noi lit kinh d6-thu do
cua Vi§t Nam ttoig c6 b^ d&y ng&n
nfim lich sii D6 16 m6t vi mSu dili?c co d^c
lai cua toan bp Vi$t Nam Nghien ciiu
Thftng Long - Hft Npi cung chinh 1ft nghign
cflu Viet Nam
•Rm hi^u Hft Noi khong dOn thuin 1ft
m6t vft'n d^ khoa hoc, cua ly tri, m& con 1ft
vft'n de cua trai tim, cua tinh yeu Hieu bigt
chinh 1ft dieu kien de gftn b6, yeu thudng,
cong hien va hy sinh Mot khi da yeu, ngUdi
ta thifcing Ui hfto v9i ve dep cua doi tUdng,
nhUng cung sftn sftng chft'p nhfin nhOng n6t
chtia dep, tbftm chf nhOng tftt xft'u cua doi
tUdng, v6i hy vgng se cai tao dUdc n6 d^
ti^p cftn tdi mot hinh anh hoftn thi?n hdn
1 Nhan dien c£u true kinh tS - xa hdi
Thang Long - Ha Ndi
Nguyen ly cd ban cua chinh trj kinh te
hoc day chung ta r^ng kinh i4 • xa h^i 1ft cd
sd ha tSng tren dd xfty dttng ISn mot kien
tnic thuang t i n g thi^t chg' chinh tri - h6 tu
tiiclng NhUng se 1ft sai iSm n^u chung ta
lam dung luftn cd dd khi ftp dung vfto
tnidng hdp cua Thfing Long - Hft N6i, cua
Vi§t Nam hay cua cac niidc phUdng Dong
ndi chung 6 dfty, thig't chg" chinh tri - hS tu tUcIng, true tigp thdng qua ducfng loi chfnh sach cua nhft cSm quyen, da co mot tftc dung h i u nhu quygt dinh d6i vdi tinh hinh kinh tg-xa hdi, tiiy lUc tao nen mot xung lUc hay mot trd lUc doi vdi tien bo xa hoi Su t6n tai bin vflng Iftu dai mang tinh bao thu ciia cac thi^t che chuyen che phudng Dong
giai thich vi sao cft'u true kinh \M • xa h6i
cac quoc gia nfty - trong dd c6 Thftng Long Hft Noi cua Vift Nam truyen thong • da chftm thay doi, it cd nhiing chuyen bi^n ve cha't Trai qua nhUng thfing trim cua ngan
nftm lich s\t, cac nU6c nfty vSn bao lUu m6t
khung ket cfi'u kinh tg - xa h6i cd ban vdi nhflng dang ngt tUdng dong nhU mot h^ng
BS DO chinh 1ft mot thfl gien cd ban di truygn van h6a, hay m6t "meme", _'dng flng vdi "gene", nhU thuftt ngG dUdc dflng
cua Richard Dawkins (1) vft cac nhft nhan hoc dUdng dai
Di^a tren aU phin tich nhflng dfl li^u lich sfl, x6t mpt each khai quat vft bo qua nhflng chi tigt, c6 th^ noi rItng Thftng Long
- Hft Noi da ton t^i vdi mot cfi'u true kinh t^
• xa hoi phflc hijp da nguyen Dd 1ft mpt
khdng gian xft hdi - vfin hda trong dd da chung song hda binh nhiiu yeu td' khac ' PGS TS Dgii hoc Qu6c gia Hft N$i
Trang 2bigt, hda dong ho$c tUdng phan, tUdng tftc
vdi nhau theo cic chiiu thufin nghjch, pha
trdn hSn dung trong mOt he th^ng tUdng
doi on dinh vfi bin vflng
Tinh phflc hdp da nguydn trudc he't bi^u
hidn d mftt khdng gian sinh ton D6 1ft mOt
th^ kd't h(?p khd tach bi^t gifla thftnh thj vft
ndng thdn Trong lich sfl, dd thi Thfing
Long-Hft Npi da ndi len nhu mdt hdn dao
gifla biin ca ndng thdn Ban thfin khu phO"
phudng dich thUc cua dd thi cung tdn t^i
nhu mpt h^t nhfin nhd bd bao quanh vft cd
mdi lien h^ thudng tn^c vdi mot cdng dong
Iftng xa ndng nghiep vfi thii cdng nghidp,
vfla tUdng xam vfla tUdng h^p Thdi xUa, dd
1ft dia bftn ciia phu Phung Thien r6i phii
Hoai Dflc, chu yiu 1ft hai huydn Thp Xuong
va Vinh Thufin thudc tinh Hft Ndi mft didn
tich ldn hdn gfi'p nhieu lin Ngfty nay, do
thi trung tam Hft Ndi, vdi hftm lUdng kinh
ti-xa hdi diLm dac, ciing nSm lot giiSa mdt
vung ngoai thanh rpng ldn ndng thdn vft
ban ndng thdn cung cac dd thi ve tinh
Thfing Long-Hft Ndi cung rft't da dang vi
cac loai hinh san xufi't vft cac v^t ph^m
hang hda Nd cd du mpi thftnh phin kinh
te, khdng hoftn toftn tUOng hdp nhUng da bo
trd cho nhau trong mdt td'ng t h i phflc hpp
So vdi cac thftnh thi chuyen nghipp trung
cftn dai chfiu Au, Thfing Long-Hft Ndi cd
nhiiu mfit hftng hdn, nhflng Iai It cd loai
san ph^m thUc sU vUpt trpi Hinh nhU dd
vfla 1ft mpt diim manh, vfla ding thdi 1ft
mpt diem yiu eiia dd thi Thdi Phftp thupc,
nen kinh t i tu ban chu nghia du nh§p vftn
ton tai bdn nen kinh t i thu cdng thUdng
nghidp phong kiin truyin thong Cho den
ngfty nay, kinh t i Hft Ndi vSn 1ft mpt phfle
hdp kinh t i da ngftnh, da loai hinh vft da
thftnh phin: nhft nudc, tfip thi, tu nhan vft
cd yeu to" nfldc ngofti Cac vfin ban chfnh
vai trd chu dgo, trong khi sd' li§u thong kg nfim 2006 cho biit ty 1§ cua thftnh phin kinh t i nhft nU6c 1ft 46,2% trong tong gia trj aan phim ciia thftnh p h i (2) Tinh phflc h^p da nguyen cflng bdc Id Lrong cd cfi'u cU dfin xa h^i dd thi Nhflng ting ldp, giai cfi'p khftc nhau, th^m chi dii khfing nhau, cilng chung sing trong mpt khdng gian xa hdi Cd t h i ndi rfing cdng dong cu dfin dd thi Hft Ndi 1ft toftn t h i "tfl dan al-ndng-cdng-thUdng", hda tr^n cilng nhau, tuy ti 10 vft mftt d§ cd thay doi tfly tflng khdng gian, thdi gian cu thi Nhu chung ta biit, d phuong Tfiy thdi Trung dai, thudng cd sfl phan bi^t khft rach rdi ve khu vuc dia ban cU tru dftnh cho tiing ting ldp
xa hdi Qu;y' tdc lanh chua d trong cac thftnh bao, Ifiu dfti Thanh thi 1ft ndi tu cU ciia ting ldp thd thii cdng vft thUdng nhan, khdng ed ndng dftn Cdng xa ndng thdn
"mir" d Nga 1ft khdng gian sinh ton rieng bidt ciia cac ndng nd, ndng dan mujik, khdng cd chua dfi't Trong khi dd, trong cac thdn phudng d Thftng Long Hft-Npi truyen thong, cd ca cac gidi quan lieu, nho si, thd thu cdng, thUdng nhfin, chflc sSc vft bach dinh, dia chu vft ndng dan cflng chung sd'^ng Cdn phai k l din si^ pha trpn vi chung tdc trong khu nhfin ldi "36 p h i phudng", vdi vai trd kinh t i chii d?o, vfla tich cflc, vfla tidu cUc cua "nhan to Hoa kiiu", tao ndn ndt nd'i trdi cua dd thi Thfing Long-Hft Ndi truyen thing
Trong thdi C^n Hidn dai, tinh trang pha tgp cU dfin cua Hft Ndi khdng h i giam sflt
Cd cfi'u cu dfin cua Hft Ndi thdi Phap thupc
da bao gom 3 thftnh to chii yeu: Viet, Hoa,
Au S\f hda trdn cU dfin cua Hft Ndi hien dai
ngfty nay da dien ra theo mdt dgng thflc mdi O ndi thftnh, s i dan ngogi tinh nh^p
cU ngfty cfijig ddng, trong khi 6 cftc huydn
Trang 3thdn, vdi ti Id trong toftn thftnh p h i vUdt s i
dfin dd thi (59,2% nfim 2009) Cd cfi'u hfinh
chinh cac phudng thdn trong dd thj cung 1ft
mdt md hinh k6p, hon hdp gifla cac thiit
chi phi nhft nUdc, phi quan phUdng (cftc hdi
ding, hdi doftn) vdi nhflng thid't c h i nhft
nudc, quan phUOng (chinh quyen Iftng xa, 1J
trUdng, trUdng tuin )
Vfin hda, tfim ly Thftng Long - Hft N^i
mang dfim tinh da nguyen phflc hdp, dan
xen cftc to' chfi't vftn hda ndng th6n/dd thi,
binh dfin/quan lieu nho si, phi chinh
thong/chinh thong, cflng sU hda hijp tinh ton
cfic tfn ngudng tdn giao (tin ngUdng dan
gian, Dao, Phfit, Nho) Su tUdng xam vft
dung hpp dd da diln ra tren mpi binh dien,
trong tCcng cpng dong, gia dinh din tflng cfi
nhan con ngudi Cac nha nghien cflu dUdng
dai gpi dd Ift sU hda quyen ciia hai "truyen
thong nhd" va "truyin thd'ng ldn" trong
nhflng xa hdi trpng ndng Tuy c6 sU canh
tranh vft suy thinh tiiy tflng thdi k^, nhUng
nb'n chung, mdt the can bfing doi trpng van
hda da dUdc xac Ifip Tren thUc ti, d Thftng
Long-Hft Npi, chUa bao gid cd mdt vfin hda
tdn gifio nfto chiim gifl dUdc vi t h i dpc tdn
Nhfin dien d i thft'y ro cft'u true kinh
te-xa hdi phflc hdp da nguyen cua Thfing
Long-Hft Ndi se giflp chung ta co mpt tU
duy phflc, mpt t i m nhin bao quat vft da
chiiu khi phan tich vft xfl ly nhflng vfiii di
dat ra cho sU phfit trien do thi, hogch dinh
nhflng chinh sach phfl hdp vdi quin chung
da so, cung nhu cho tflng nhdm xa hpi dfl 1ft
thiiu so trong cdng dong cU dfin, ting ldp
tinh hoa cung nhU nhflng nhdm ngudi hi
thiet thdi Nd cung giup nha cim quyin cd
mdt flng xii uyin chuyin khi d i ra dudng
ldi sao cho thu^n long ngUdi, khdng vi l<;li
ich eua mdt so ft ma ap dgt cho so ddng,
hoftc chi vi so ddng mft bo quen hoftc xam
phgm din nhiing quyen ldi chinh dfing cua
sd'It Nhfin thflc phflc hpp da nguydn cung trfinh dupc m^t khudn mSu tU duy xd cflng ddng bfing, gifio diiu thii cUu Bdi vi trong cu^c sing, khdng cd gi 1ft bd't biin Khi tinh hinh thi^e t i dfi thay dii din mflc tao ra nhflng mfiu thulin bfio d^ng, thi tU duy con ngudi, trUdc hit 1ft nhflng nhfi lanh dao, ciing cin phai dieu chinh kip thdi, "IS^y lai kim dong ho" sao eho phfl hpp vdi thUc tiln mdi Cd Id mpi chiing ta diu biit, nhUng khdng phai luc nfto cung hiiu thfi'u dao vfi
v§n dung hi§u qua cau ndi ciia Goethe: "Lf
thuyit chi 1ft mfiu xam, cdn cfiy ddi thi mfii mai xanh tUdi"
J Kinh tS'-xa hgi Thang Long-Hd Ndi trong diin trinh lich su"
Trong cupc ddi thien nidn ky cua minh, didn mao vfi kinh ti-xfi hdi cua Thfing Long-Hft Ndi dfi chflng kien nhiing biin cd' ddi thay vdi mot toe dp khong diu, luc nhanh khi chfim Thfing Long-Hft Ndi truyin thd'ng da trai qua nhflng thdi kjf vftng son, vdi mpt tda hoang thftnh trfing 1§ vft mdt khu pho phudng ddng due, tfi'p nfip ban mua NhUng binh Ifla chien tranh va dpng loan xa hpi da tfin pha hau nhU toftn
bd khu hoang cung, vui sftu trong long dft't, ehl di lai nhflng da'u tich qua khfl trdn mftt dfi't qua mdt khu pho cd' kha khiem ton va cung khdng cdn bao ton dupc nguyen dang Nhin chung, trong thdi k^ tien thUc dfin, Thfing Long-Hft Noi truyin thd'ng la sU kit hdp gifla hai thuc the "thftnh" va "thi" Ben canh khu thftnh chinh tri-quan lieu, Ifi mpt khu thi kinh ti-dfin gian Kit cfi'u kinh te cua nd chu yiu bao gim mdt mgng ludi chd, mdt khu p h i phudng ndi thi chuyen nghe vft chuyen mftt hftng, mot cang sdng vdi nhiiu bin do, vft nhflng cum Iftng nghe ven
dd Dd 1ft mdt cft'u true kinh t i kha d'n dinh, nhung ciing chuyin bien kha chftm chap Gifl vai trd chu dao 1ft mdt nen kinh te thu
Trang 4cdng-thUdng nghidp dfin gian vdi quy md
san xufi't vft lUu thdng nhd Chfi'm phfi vfto
dd 1ft mdt s i hogt ddng kinh doanh budn
ban ldn eua gidi phu thUdng Hoa kiiu Nin
kinh t i hftng hda dd thj cd m^i lidn h§ gfin
bd vft thudng tn^c vdi mdt h^u phUdng ndng
thdn rpng ldn cua nhflng cdng dfing Iftng xa,
kit h^p kinh t i ndng-thu cdng nghidp Vi^c
trao doi hftng hda vdi cfic thj trfldng vflng,
lifin vflng, toftn quic, ciing nhfl trong khu
vUc vft quic t i diln ra khdng diu, luc md
rpng khi thu hep, luc adi nd'i khi trim Iftng,
nhung nhin chung vin khdng du d i tao
ndn mdt sflc bfit kinh t i ddt biin vi chft't, cd
t h i Iftm thay doi md hinh
TUdng flng vdi kit ciu kinh t i 1ft mdt
cfi^u true xa hdi ciing tUdng doi d'n dinh, vfla
c i kit cpng dong vfla phan ting ddng cft'p
tdn ti Mdt giai t i n g quan lidu nho ai cai tri
khd'i quin chung binh dfin dd thi, dUdc coi
1ft cha me cua dan chflng (dan chi phy
mlu), dong thdi cflng 1ft diy td cua dfin
chung (dfin chi cdng bdc) Tren danh nghia,
cac quan 1ft nhiJng phan tfl tinh hoa Uu tu
xa hdi, chfim sdc giao hda dftn chung Cd
nhflng vi quan xflng dang vdi chflc nfing
nhidm v\i dd NhUng tren thUc ti, mpt s i
ddng (tuy khdng- phai 1ft tfi't ea) da din din
trd thanh nhflng ke thong tri thofti hda
biin chfi't, Igm quyin vft tham nhung, ftp
bfle bdc lot dan Iftnh
Nhflng ngudi dfin dd thi, tren nguyen
tic Ifi nhflng con ngudi ti; do, khdng giong
thfin phfin eiia cac ndng nd dudi c h i d§
phong kiin lanh chfla hay ciia giai cfi'p vd
san dudi c h i dd tU ban sd k^ chfiu Au,
nhUng ludn ludn vin 1ft nhflng thin dfin
eua nhft vua vft chfnh quyin quan lai, h i u
nhu khdng ed quyin hftnh chfnh tri gi
ngofii viee lao ddng vft vfing ldi, chfla bao
gid vUdn ldn dupc dia vj chu nhan cua cftc
cdng dfin do thi
Hd trp cho vi^c duy tri, ciing c i kit cSu
kinh ti-xfi hdi dd, 1ft sy ehi phoi ciia m^t
quyin li^c tinh thin ciia hoc thuyit Ting Nho, thfi'm sftu vfto tfim thflc xa h^i vft trd
thftnh truyin thing d\i(fc m^c nhidn chip
nh^n vdi nhflng quan diim chinh danh dinh
p h ^ , trpng ndng fle thUdng, tdn ti thii ci^ Si^ tfldng ddi i n djnh vft hda diu ciia kit ciu kinh-ti xa h^i Thftng Long-Hft N^i truyin thing, vi mdt khia cgnh nfio dd, c6
t h i 1ft mdt n i t tich cflc, t r i n h d u ^ nhflng dflt gay, d i vd ljch sfl NhUng qua thdi gian,
i n djnh dft biin d i n thftnh tri trf Igc h^u, thofti hda, kim hfim tiin bd xa hdi Kinh thftnh Thfing Long thdi L^-Trin khdng thua kim gi cfic thftnh thj Trung dai Tfiy
Au ding dgi NhUng ro rfing Hft Ndi cum
t h i ky XIX da lac hfiu r i t nhieu so vdi nhflng thftnh thi phUOng Tfty vi mpi mfit Dieu dd khdng khdi Iftm chung ta phai bfin khofln suy nghi, bupc chung ta phai dfit ra nhflng cfiu hdi ldn
Kit cft'u kinh te-xa hdi Hft Ndi chi thflc
sU cd nhiing chuyin biin vi chit trong khoang gin 150 nfim gin dfiy, dfic bi§t Ifi trong hai th$p ky d i u vft cudi ciia t h i ky
XX Lin d i u 1ft cudc xfiy dyng Hft N^i vdi
tu cfich 1ft thii phii Lidn bang Ddng DUdng thdi k^ Toftn quyin Paul Doumer (3) trong Cudc khai thac lin thfl nhfi't, vft lin sau Ift nhflng nftm phfit triin vft hdi nh$p dd thi sau Dii mdi kinh t i
Ndi dung chii yiu ciia sy chuyin biin kinh ti-xa h^i Hft Ndi diu t h i ky XX 1ft tfl mpt dd thi phong kiin truyen thd'ng tflng budc trd thftnh mpt dd thi hi$n dai thudc dja, theo md hinh cfic dd thj tu ban chu nghia phUdng Tfiy, vdi mdt s i ndt dU0c coi 1ft tfin tiin nhft't thdi dd R5 r§t nhfi't 1ft sfl thay doi v i quy hogch dd thj, vdi sy ra ddi cua nhflng khu p h i Au, h§ thd'ng dfldng
Trang 5dgi vft thdi thUdng Cflng vdi dd 1ft mdt cd sd
ha t i n g dd thi mdi, vdi cfic tuyin dudng
giao thdng xe Ifla vft xe difn, cd dilm nhfi'n
la cay ciu s^t Paul Doumer (ciu sdng Cai)
noi tiing bic qua sdng Hdng Kinh t i cdng
thUdng nghidp tu ban chu nghia dupc du
nhftp, ciuig ton tai bdn canh cd cfi'u kinh t i
truyen thd'ng, dUa Hft Ndi tich hpp vfio hf
thd'ng kinh t i chinh qud'c vft t h i gidi
Mpt cd cfi'u xa hdi dd thi mdi dupc hinh
thftnh, Ifi hf qua cua vifc Hft Npi hoftn toftn
trd thanh mpt thfinh pho thudc dia do Phfip
cai tri, vdi mpt tda Doc Ly dudi quyen eua
Thong sfl Bfic Kf vfi Toan quyen Ddng
Dudng Giai ting quan lieu nho si cu khdng
cdn chd dflng trong mdt Hft Ndi mdi, kdo
theo sU suy tfin cua n i n giao due khoa cfl
Han hpc Thay vfio dd, mpt ting ldp hpc
sinh, cdng chflc do nen gifio due mdi dao tgo
bling chfl Quic ngfl vft chfl Phfip xufi't hifn,
tao thftnh mim mong ciia giai ting tiiu tU
san tri thflc sau nay Ben canh dd, do nhflng
chuyen bien kinh t i , mdt so nha cdng
thUdng nghidp ngudi Vift dupe dip diy
manh vfi md rdng hoat dpng kinh doanh, 1ft
tien than eua giai cfi'p tu san ra ddi sau do it
Ifiu Ciing qua Cudc khai thac kinh te lln
thfl nhfi't, giai cip edng nhfin non tre cua Hfi
Npi da budc diu lunh thftnh, gia nh|kp khoi
quin chung binh dfin dd thi
Tdm Igi, d i u t h i ky XX, mdt cd ciu kinh
te-xa hdi-vfin hda mdi ciia Hft Npi da hinh
thanh, lai ghdp vdi kinh te-xa hdi dd thi
truyen thing cu N6 tgo nen nhflng ehuyen
biin vi chit, theo hudng mpt dd thj hifn
dai Tuy nhidn, cai gift phai tra Ifi kha d^t
Mit mat ldn nhS!t 1ft quyin ddc l^P tu ehii
dftn tpe bj tude doat Nhflng thin dan trUdc
kia cua vua quan thi nay trd thftnh nhflng
ngudi dan mfii nUdc sing dudi ach dd hd cua
mdt chinh quyen ngogi bang Ciing vdi dd 1ft
nhiing truyen thong vfin hda-xa hpi cfl bj
phfi v3 Trong bud'i giao thdi, khi cfii mdi chua thye djnh hinh, mdt ting ldp mdi hanh tiin cd djp thao tung xa hdi, vdi nhflng hfinh xfl bj danh gia 1ft mfi't goc, nhflng thdi tf xfi'u
xa, kfch cdm Cd cfi'u kinh ti-xa hdi thudc dja diu t h i ky XX vi cd ban da dUdc duy tri, tin tai cho din khi Chiin tranh t h i gidi lin thfl Hai kit thflc nfim 1945
Trong hdn 4 thfip ky sau Cach mgng Thfing Tam 1945, Hfi Npi dfi chiu tac dpng cua nhiiu biin co chfnh tri to ldn NhUng mfit khac, kit cfi'u kinh ti-xa hdi dd thi nhin chung, td ra it thay doi Dd cd thi Ifi do hf qua cua hai cudc chiin tranh ac lift gian kho vft thap ky tri tre thdi kinh t i chi huy bao cip Tuy nhien, trong hdn 20 nfim sau Dd'i Mdi, kit cfi'u kinh te-xa hdi Hft Ndi da chuyen bien mgnh md, mang tinh dot pha, tUdng tu nhu cudc chuyin bien diu the ky Khdng k i nhflng thay doi de nhfin thfi'y
vi canh quan didn mao dd thj vfi ddi sing thj dfin, ndt nii bfit cua sy chuyin biin lin nfty 1ft tfnh phflc hdp da nguyen kinh ti-xa hdi da tfing len dang ke, theo mot dang thflc mdi Thay vi mdt nen kinh t i ddn nguydn, mang tinh nha nUdc tfip trung, chi huy bao cip, la mot nen kinh t i hon hdp nhieu thftnh phin, trong dd nii bftt dfic diem thj thudng tU do hda, ludn ludn cd sy canh tranh gifla yiu to phi nha nUdc vdi yiu t i nhft nudc
Cd efi'u xa hdi cung chuyen bien sau sac, c6 sU sip xip Iai, chuyen hda, hoan vj va dao ldn Cd nhflng t i n g ldp cu nay trd lai mdt cfieh die thing trdn sftn khft'u xa hdi vdi mdt ten gpi mdi vft vai trd mdi Giai cfi'p
tu aan trd thfinh ting ldp doanh nhfin Dja chu trd thftnh chu trang trai Cd ca nhflng nhft tfti phift ngfin hftng, chflng khofin Tfl tiem luc kinh te, hp bftt diu bflde vfto dja hat ehinh trj, lien kit vdi mdt s i quan chflc cip cao nhft nUdc vfi gidi dai tU ban nude
Trang 6ngofti, tgo ndn nhflng nhdm Ipi ich diy t h i
lyc ehi phdi Cfic ting ldp khac cung cd
chuyin biin, tinh chfi't hflu san vft trinh df
hpc vft'n tfing ISn dfing kl Ddi sing cfic
quan chfle, cfin bf tfl thupng Iflu din trung
-lUu td ra khfi giA hdn trfldc, mft s i giftu cd
Mpt s i binh dfin dd thj, g$p thdi cd may
mfin hofic bing nhflng thii dogn mUu mgo
dupc dd'i ddi, nhay ldn gia nhfp ting ldp
thupng lUu Uu tu Tuy m$t bing chung vi
dfin tri eiia cdng ding cfl dfin dd thj cd t h i
chfla dfl^c nfing cao mft cfich thi^c chfi't,
song da xufi't hifn mft ting ldp tri thflc
mdi, cd chuydn mdn cao vft budc d i u dfc Ifp
vi tu tudng hpc thu^t Trong qufi trtnh hfi
nhfip, lidn k i t kinh t i quoc t i , mft giai cfi'p
cdng nhfin tr^ ngfty cftng phfit triln vi s i
lupng, trinh df vfin hda cd khfi hdn, tuy ddi
sing cdn khfi thft'p kdm, mdt so ndi 1ft tii tf
S i ddng lo toan cho cudc song hftng ngfiy
ciia gia dinh, mdt s i f t da budc diu cd y thflc
gific ngf dfi'u tranh cho quyin ldi dfin sinh
Cflng giing nhu gidi phu thfldng Hoa kiiu
trudc dfiy, cfic nhfin ti'nudc ngofti trong kinh
ti-xfi hdi Hfi Npi ngfiy nay, mdt mfit cd tac
dung kieh thich kinh t i tfing trudng, chuyin
giao edng nghd, tao vifc Iftm, mfit khae cung
cgnh tranh, ISJI at vft chi phoi gidi doanh
nhan Vift vft gfty bfle xflc dm vdi cdng nhfin
trong ddi xfl lao dpng
Cuoi cflng, khdng t h i khdng ndi din vifc
cd cfi'u kinh ti-xa hfi Hft Npi da cd phin
xao trfn qua nhiiu l i n thay dii dja gidi
hftnh chinh ciia thftnh phi Trong lin thay
dd'i gin dfiy nhfi't vfto nfim 2008, quy md
thftnh p h i da md rfng, phinh to ra gfi'p hcfn
3,5 lin vi difn tfch vft gin 2 lin vi a i dfin
Vifc md rfng nfty, mft m^t Iftm tfing thdm
vj t h i vft tiira nfing cua thu dd, mfit khfic
cung Iftm loftng nhat di ning dp dd thj, gia
tfing dang k l to chit ndng thdn trong pham
vi toftn thftnh phi, d$t ra nhieu v i n d i mdi
3 Tiip c^n dih viin.cdnh mdt dd thi tUdng lai
ViSn canh m^t xfi hfi, cung nhfl mft dd
thj tUdng lai Ifi mft myc tidu 1^ tudng, mft
hlnh i n h md udc mft chflng ta ludn ludn hfldng tdi vft c i ging tiip cf n, cho dfl ring c6 18 ching bao gid dgt du^c trpn ven Nd vfla lang mgn, vfla hifn thflc, khdng ao tudng nhUng cung khdng h i t i m thudng Cfic chfim ngdn p h i qufit ciia nhfin loai vft nhflng biiu trUng, k h i u hifu ciia dit nUdc da qufi diy dii d i ndi ldn muc tidu ly tudng dd Chflng ta chi ciri t$p hdp, vifn din, diln giai vft c i ging thyc hidn phin
nfto nhflng f tudng cao d^p iy
Theo dd, xa hfi, dd thj mft chflng ta hudng tdi trong viln canh chluh 1ft mdt xft hfi ciia Chftn-Thifn-My, diy Ifli cfii gia dii, cfii fie vft cfii xiu Mft xft hpi mfi mpi ngfldi diu cd quyin sing dfc Iftp, hudng ty do vft
cd quyin mUu ciu hgnh phflc Dd ciing la mft xft hfi, mft dd thj mft mpi ngudi, chi It 1ft da s i ngUdi dfin diu cd cdm fin, fto m$c,
d u ^ hpc hftnh, vft p h i n d i u d l tiin tdi nhiiu ngudi dfin dU0c fin ngon mfic d^p, nhft d tifn nghi, cd vfin hda cao Quan trpng hdn ea 1ft nhflng con ngudi cd nhfin cfich, long ty trpng, biit xiu h i vft giftu long nhfin fii Dd 1ft mpt dd thj giftu dep, dan chu, cdng bing vft vfin minh
Tuy nhidn, djnh hUdng d l tiip c^n din
nhiing myc tidu \f tudng dd dfiu phai chi cin din f chi quyit tfim ho|ic tIch eye sogn
thao k i hogch, mfi trudc hit, cin den mft
tu duy vft thao tfic khoa hpc Chflng ta cin nhfn biit din xu t h i phfit triln chung, ddng chu Iflu cua sU tiin hda nhfin loai, ciia
t h i gidi dfldng dai vft tfl dd suy ra ciia dit nude, dfin tpc Quan dilm vft tu tudng chi dgo ciia cfic nhft hogch dinh chinh sach 1ft phai dya trdn xu t h i chung trdn hftnh tinh,
Trang 7dieu kien cu thi Di chfch ra khdi xu t h i
t i t yeu dd, se mftc phai tf chu quan duy <f
chi, d i n den sU lac IcTi Ljch sfl t h i gidi, lich
sfl dfin tdc dfi chflng kiin nhiiu hfiu qua tf
hai cua sU lac dudng O day, mpt thao tfic
chinh tri hda khoa hpc hda cin du^c thay
t h i bang vifc khoa hpc hda chfnh trj
Trong "Dao diic kinh", Lao Tfl ndi: "D^t
thfin d phia sau, thi thfin se dflng trUde
Khdng ty hidn minh ra, cho ndn mdi tda
sfing" (Hfiu kjf than nhi thfin tien Bfi't ti^
hifn cd' minh) (4) Nhfi chinh trj vft nhfi kinh
t i gioi, khdn ngoan thudng chi nen thiit k i
cho tit, mfi khdng cin trUc tiip dflng ra chi
huy Khdng chi vide dit tay, mfi chi khdo ldo
sfl dung mdt "bftn tay vd hinh" trong vifc
dieu chinh va diiu khiin xa hdi, cdn hay de
quin chiing tu Iftm, chd nen can thifp mot
each thd bao Mdt khi myc tieu hpp vdi long
ngudi, thufin theo y dan, mpi ngUdi tfi't se tu
tim din vft biet each phai lam gi de hudng
tdi muc tieu NgUdi xUa thudng ndi "vd vi
nhi tri", "vd vi nhi dfin tU hda", "hiiu tinh
nhi dan ty chfnh", cung 1ft ham y dd
Trd Igi vifc xac djnh muc tieu ciia mdt
Hft Ndi trong vien canh tUdng lai Trong
vide xfiy dUng vft phfit triln Thu dd, chiing
ta thudng ndi den sU k i t hdp truyen thong
vft hien dai NhUng t h i nfto Ifi truyen
thong, the nfio 1ft hifn dai? Ndi cu t h i hdn,
tinh truyin thong vft tinh hifn dai phai
dUdc the hifn qua nhflng dfic dilm ^ cua
mdt dd thi tUdng lai? Chung ta diu biet
truyen thong vft hifn dai deu mang tfnh
hai mftt, tich cUc vft tidu cflc Vfi'n dii 1ft Ifla
chpn, bao ton phfit huy cfii ^ vft rii bd tfl
chdi cfii gi Cflng vfiy, dd thi Hft Ndi tUdng
lai vfla phai mang'nhflng tidu ehl vft gia trj
p h i quat, vfla phai cd nhflng dfi'u ft'n cua
ban sic dfic thfl Chung tdi cho r i n g trong
vien canh, k i t hdp si^ tham chieu ljch dai
vft ding dai, thu dd Hft Npi tUdng lai phai nen mang nhflng dfic diem cd ban sau:
- M6t dd thi nh&n ban
TrUdc hit, mft dd thj nhfin ban phai mang tinh ngUdi, gin gui mfi khdng xa Ig vdi nhflng thufc tfnh chung loai cua con ngudi Mft nhu Pascal nhfn xdt: "Con ngudi
ta khdng phai 1ft thidn thin, cung khdng phai 1ft sflc vft" Ong cung rft't thfim thuy vft chi IJ khi ndi them: "Dilu bfi't hanh Ifi ngudi nfto cfl muin Iftm nd phai trd thfinh thidn thin, s6 biin nd thftnh lofti sue vfit" (6) Sai lim cd ban cua hf tU tudng Nho gifio xUa kia Ifi nudi tham vpng fip dfit vifc nho SI hda trong toftn bp xfi hdi, muin tfi't
ca mpi ngudi deu phai 1ft nhflng bfic hiin nhfin qufin tfl ven toftn, mdt diiu hoftn toftn phi thflc t i vft phan nhan van Vi vfty, trong dd thi tUdng lai cua chung ta, tfl nhflng nhu ciu nguydn sd nhfi't cua ngUdi dan thudng din eac khat vpng cao dep nhfi't eua ting ldp Uu tu deu cin phai dUdc xem xdt, chu y din mdt each binh dfing, khdng thien vi Cung vfty, trong khi danh Uu tidn cho quin chflng da so, cin ndn quan tfim, chiiu CO dung mflc din nhflng Ipi ich va nhu ciu logi bift ciia nhflng nhdm xa hdi thiiu s i vft nhflng nhdm ngUdi chiu nhieu thift thdi nhu nhflng ngudi gift, ngUdi khuyit tat, ngUdi m i t nfing luc tri tuf Ngudi ldn vft dfin dng phai chiu nhUdng nhin, dftnh ay Uu fii cho tre em vft phy nfl Mdt dd thi nhfin ban, cung nhU mdt xfi hfi nhan ban, cin Iiy eon ngudi Iftm ban vi, Iftm trung tfim, Iftm thUdc do gifi trj Chinh con ngudi, mft khdng phai Ifi nhflng con si, phai dupe eoi 1ft muc dich, chfl khong phai chi Ifi phUdng tien cho mpi toan tinh, ke hogch, dy an Con ngudi phai dUpe coi la diim xufi't phfit va dilm din trong mpi suy nghi vft hftnh ddng cua toftn xa hdi, trudc
h i t 1ft trong tu duy cua nhflng ngudi cim
Trang 8quyin Vi mSi con ngUdi Ifi c i mft t h i gidi,
mdt vu try vi md, chfl khdng phii chi 1ft
nhflng OC vft trong mft co mfiy khing Ifi
Chi a i tfing trfldng cua mft dd thj, mft
quic gia khdng chflng minh vft bao dam,
cung khdng dfing nghia vdi chi s i hgnh
phuc eua dd thj quic gia dd Chi chgy duii
theo nhflng con s i - nhiiu khi 1ft a i ao - rft't
dl di din sfl huyIn ho$c, Ifla ddi ngfldi khfic
vft tfl Ifla ddi minh
Mft trong nhflng truyin thing t i t dpp
cua dfin tfc Vict Nam vft cua con ngudi
Thfing Long-Hft Nfi 1ft aong cd dgo 1^, tinh
nghia, chia al buon vui, nhudng cdm al fio
Dd chinh 1ft aU bilu hidn ciia tinh t h i n
nhfin dao, nhan vftn, nhfin ban Song cd
tinh nghia, cung chfnh 1ft biit bao dung ddi
vdi nhflng hfinh xfl khac y minh, khoan thfl
nhflng loi lim vft cam thing doi vdi nhiing
ndi bfi't hgnh cua ngudi khfic Trong mdt dd
thj nhfin ban, tinh t h i n dgo ly, tinh nghia
dd cin biin thftnh mdt tam thflc xa hpi vft
dupe quan tridt trong cac dudng loi chfnh
sach, luat phfip ed che, cfich xfl ly giai quyit
cua nhft cim quyen Nfing cao ddi song cdng
dong, phuc ldi vft an sinh xa hpi eiing ndn ed
mpt vai trd vfi thi phin to ldn hdn trong vifc
hogch dinh cfic chinh sfich vft ngfin sfich
kinh phi Mpt dd thi, cflng giong nhu mpt
con ngudi vj tha, dfl cd nghdo hdn nhUng
vin dfing dUdc tdn trpng hdn mpt con
ngudi, mpt thftnh pho giftu cd vj ky
- Mpt dd thi van minh
Hiiu mft each ddn gian, mdt dd thj vftn
minh 1ft mpt dd thi hifn dai vfi cd vfin hda
cao Ve mfit vfit chft't, dd thj hifn dgi phai
xOtng tim vdi cac dd thj khfic tren t h i gidi
dUdng thdi trong qufi trtnh hdi nhfip quoc ti
Cach dfiy 150 nfim, nhfi cai cfieh Nguyen
Trudng To da tflng khuyin cao "phai dUa
Vift Nam vfto dftn hda tfi'u cua cac quic gia
tren the gidi" (6) Chinh vi khdng hdi nh^p
quic t i mft Hft Nfi tiin thuc dfin dfi d mft mft bing Igc hfiu hftng t h i ky ao vdi thdi dai Vft cung chinh vi dUdi tfic dfng ciia hdi nhf p quic t i mfi sau hai thfip ky vfla qua, Hft Nf i da budc d i u cd nhflng dfing nit cua mft dd thj hifn dgi vi difn mgo cung nhu
vi kinh ti-xfi hfi
Mft dd thj phai cd mft canh quan tan tiin, mft tiim lUc kinh t i mgnh vft mft ddi aing thj dfin tudng dii cao Chflng ta hy vpng r i n g trong khoang mft thfip ky tdi, chung ta cd t h i cfin ban thflc hifn dupc theo hudng nhflng tidu ehl dd vdi diiu kifn chflng ta huy dfng duqtc aflc mgnh cua toftn
t h i xa hfi, kit h^p ndi ngogi luc, trudc hit Ifi d l vyc ldn mfit bing toftn thftnh p h i khu vyc ndng thdn mdi dflpc sap nhfp vfio Hfi Ndi md rdng Chung ta cung khdng thi khdng xflc tiin mdt n i n san xuit ldn vfi nhflng ngftnh kinh t i mui nhpn Cd diiu, khdng nen dftn trai mft ndn tfip trung vfto mpt vfti cdng trtnh di^ an trpng diem gay dupc ft'n tupng Diiu dd khdng cd nghia 1ft
b i t budc phai chgy theo nhiing tham vpng ton kdm vfi nhiiu riii ro nhu vifc xfiy dyng nhflng cao ic ky lyc hofic dudng sfit cao tic Nhflng dy fin dem Igi Ipi fch nhieu mftt cho quoc k i dfin sinh, nfing cao mflc aing ciia dgi da s i quin chung nhan dan cd Id 1ft thich hpp nhfi't vft sd dupc hoan nghenh hdn ca NhUng con ngudi ta khdng chi song bing bfinh mi ho^c cdm gao Diiu quan trpng khdng kim 1ft mft ddi song vfin hda cao ciia
cu dfin Nfing cao mftt bing dan tri thdng qua gifio dye Ifi cin thiit nhung chua du Trong mdt xfi hdi tri thflc vfi t h i gidi phing nhfl ngfiy nay, quyin binh ding tiSp cfin thdng tin vft bilu Id quan diim eIn dUdc tdn trpng M$t khac, vfin hda khdng chi 1ft trtnh dp hoc vft'n, mft trUdc h i t t h i hifn trong nip sing, cfich flng xfl, mft ky lufit dd
thi ty gific, mft tinh t h i n f thflc dU0c
Trang 9nhflng quyin dan sU ehinh trj ed ban cung
nhu trfich nhifm nghia vy cua ngUdi cdng
dfin Trong nhiing cupc vfin dpng vfin hda,
cin ndn tranh nhflng bidn phfip hfinh
chinh, fip dfit mdt khudn mfiu chuin myc
djnh sftn cho tfi't ca mpi ngUdi noi theo, nhU
kilu ban b i rao giang nhflng diiu gifio
hufi'n trong cfic thdi Le Thfinh Tdng, Trinh
Tgc, Minh Mgng (7) Thay vfto dd ndn
khuyin khich nhflng phong trfto tfl phfit
mang tinh thdi thupng ciia quin chflng
trong dd mpi ngUdi ad ty gifio dye, ty biit
minh phai flng xfl t h i nfto, Iftm gi dl trd
thftnh mdt ngudi cd vftn hda, cho chinh ban
than chfl khdng phai 1ft d l td ra cho mpi
ngudi biit ho|ic dflpc khen thfldng
Ddi vdi Hft Npi, flng xfl cd vfin hda cdn 1ft
gifl gin ban gftc dfin tfc vft ban sfic dd thj,
tfii nfing lao ddng sfing tgo vft nip sing
thanh ljch truyin thing Bao trflm ldn Ifi
mft con ngudi cd nhfin cfich hda dong vdi
mdi trudng thidn nhien, cpng dong xfi hfi
vft t h i gidi tfim linh Dd thj vfin minh 1ft
mdt dd thi vUdn tdi nhflng gfia trj tinh hoa
pho qufit cua nhfin loai, ddng thdi gifl dUdc
nhflng ndt ban sic ridng, dfic hflu
- Mdt dd thi khai me>
Qufi khfl khdng t h i thay dii, nhung
tUdng lai cd t h i lya chpn Trong lich sfl, xfi
hpi Vift Nam cung nhU dd thi Thfing
Long-Hft Ndi truyin thing cd ban Ift mft xfi hdi
ddng, phong bi, xd cflng vi kit cfi'u kinh
ti-xa hpi, thiit c h i chinh trj-hf tU tudng cung
nhfl vi giao lUu vfin hda vft quan hf doi
ngogi (trfl doi vdi t h i gidi Trung Hoa) Hf
qua cua md hinh ddng vfi xd cflng da din
din tinh trang tri trf vft lac hfiu, tao nen
nhiing mfiu thufin xa hfi vft nguy ed khiing
hoang O mdt dang thflc khac, Hft Ndi
nhflng nfim trude Doi mdi kinh t i cflng da
dfldng diu vdi mft tinh hinh tfldng til nhu
thi
Ngfty nay, dd thi da b i t diu khai md, trUde h i t vfi chu yiu vi m$t kinh ti Trong thdi dgi toftn ciu hda hifn nay, vdi nhflng tiin bf vUdt bfic cua phUdng tifn giao thdng vft cdng nghf thdng tin truyin thdng, t h i gidi da trd thfinh mdt ngdi Ifing hfinh tinh nhd bd Khai md 1ft mdt xu t h i lich sfl khdng t h i dao ngflpc Tuy nhidn, khdng phai 1ft mpi vfi'n di diu da dUdc hiiu mft cfich rd rfing
Mdt xa hdi, mdt dd thi khai md trUdc hit 1ft khdng c i chfi'p, thfla nhfin hifn tUpng vft kha nfing ty diiu tiit, ty diiu chinh ddi song kinh ti-xa hdi qua tfic ddng cua ed chi thj trUdng Nd se phfit huy tfnh ehu ddng sfing tgo nhflng chfl the kinh ti, thflc dfiy tiin bp xa hpi Trong mdt khung canh kinh ti-xa hdi ty do hda, chflng ta khdng phu nhfin vai trd can thiep cua nha nUdc trong mdt mflc dp thich dang vft trong nhflng trUdng hdp cin thiit, vdi tu cfich 1ft mdt trpng tfti xa hdi de bao dam tinh hpp phfip, Iftnh manh cuafddi sing, vifc sd hflu vft quan ly cfic tU lidu san xufi't vft phfin phoi cua cai xa hdi Tuy nhien, sy can thiep do cin t i nhj, dUdi hinh thflc gian tiep vfi tit nhfi't Ifi ndn i n giiu, thdng qua nhflng hftnh lang phap ly, bifn phfip khuyin khich vfi che tai cung nhU tao dU lufin xa hfi Vfi sU can thifp dd cung khdng phai Ifi
dl giftnh thi phin ldn hdn hofic nhiiu Uu dai hdn doi vdi khu vyc nhfi nUde, mfi ndn chu yeu de benh vUc nhiing ngirdi yiu thi, khdng cd quyen lyc, khdng dUdc bao ve, quin chflng dan nghdo
Dieu cin thiet hdn 1ft sU khai md vi tri tuf, nhfin thflc tU tudng, trUdc h i t 1ft 5 gidi quyin lUc vft quan trong n h i t 1ft cho tofin
t h i mpi thfinh vien xfi hdi Xa hdi 1ft mdt cd
t h i song Khdng luu thdng ve tU tfldng cung nhu khdng luu thdng ve khi huyit, i t dSn din trt ddn vft tfit bfnh, nhu y hpc c i
Trang 10truyin da ndi, 'Tafi't thdng tic thing" Muin
vf y, cin tfl bd ao tudng "dfc quyln chfin \f
vfi bfnh dj flng vdi khfic bift Dflng dfinh
ding nhflng tu tudng, quan dilm phan bifn
dd'i trpng vdi nhflng hftnh dfng ching dii
phfi hogi Mft xfi hfi khai md, tdn trpng
khfic bift, phan bifn dd'i trpng Ifi mft xfi hfi
linh mgnh, budc di vflng chic bing ci hai
chfin phai vft tn'ii
Trong mft xfi hfi khai md, xft hfi dfin ai^
phfip quyin, moi ngudi dfin diu cd quyin
Ipi cflng nghia vy NhUng do nhflng di
chflng ljch sfl d l Igi, hlnh nhu din nay
ngudi dfin v i n edn md hi, thf m chi e nggi
khi d i cfp din nhflng quyin Ipi dfin sU
chfnh tri cd ban, cung nhu trfich nhifm
nghia vu cdng dfin cua minh Cd IS ngfty
nay vin cd khdng ft nhflng con ngUdi Hfi
Nfi gifl mpt thfii df hftnh xfl thi^ dfng ciu
an, nhu mft bach dinh Iftng xa mft cfich dfiy
mdt t h i ky, nhft vfin hda Phan K i Binh,
trong cuon Viet Nam phong tuc, da nhfn
xdt: "Hp phin nhiiu 1ft h|ing lUdng thifn,
chi biit chfim chi Ifim fin, theo ddi ddng gdp
vdi Iftng, bao xdi fl xdi, bao thit fl thjt, miln
1ft dupc ydn phfin eho minh Ifim fin Ifi dii,
cdn cdng vifc Iftng nudc diu phd mfic ngUdi
dfin anh khu xfl, khdng muon vifc gi ldi
thdi din minh" (8)
Mft xa hpi khai md, cflng giong nhfl con
chim tren trdi Muin bay eao bay xa, tfi't
nhien phai giUdng md ddi cfinh rfng Nhfi't
1ft mft khi dang bay mfi thu minh cyp
cfinh, dflt khofit 1ft tai hpa sS ddn chd
4 Mdt so van di b^c xuc ddi mat vdi
thUc trang kinh ti'-xd hgi thd dd H& N6i
Hai thfip ky Doi mdi da dem Igi mft afl
phfit trien gfiy fi'n tU^ng khdng the ehSi cai
ddi vdi kinh te-xa hdi dd thj Hfi Nfi Dilu
dd chflng td nhflng tiim nfing cua cfng
dfing cu dan Hft Ndi da cd the bdc If vft
phdng thofit khdi sU rftng huf c ciia cd chi,
tu tfldng vfi nhflng l i thdi cu l5i thdi Difn mgo dd thj thay dii, cd Iflc vdi mft tic dd chdng mft, ddi aing dfin chung nhin chung dupc nfing cao, quan hf ciia Thu dd vdi quic t i md rfng Chflng ta cd quyln tu hfio
vi nhflng tiin bf dd
NhUng chi tu hfio ca ng<?i mft bgn cgnh
dd, khdng nhfin thft'y hoftc coi nhg nhflng mft yiu kdm sd 1ft mft thfii df thiiu khoa hpc, thfim chf nguy hilm Su thfinh cdng nfto cung cd cfii gifi phai tra Tu chidm ngudng hinh bdng minh theo kilu "hfi chflng Narcisse" Iftm md di sU sfing suit khi doi mfit, phfin tfch nhflng vfi'n di bfle xflc, cd t h i dfin din tai hpa, Vin biit ring trong mpi xft hfi dd thj, n h i t 1ft trong nhflng dd thj hifn dgi phfit triin, bao gid cung t i n tgi nhflng mftt tii, khuyit tfit, tf
ngn cin binh tinh nhfin djnh di tflng budc
giai quyit NhUng mft khi nhflng vfi'n de bfle xflc dd da trd ndn pho biin, mfin tinh, vupt ngudng cho phdp, thi Igi Ifi mdt tinh trgng bfio dfng khdng t h i coi thUdng Vfiy
trong ao nhilu vfi'n di phflc tgp, Hft Ndi
hifn nay vft trong tUdng lai chung ta ed the
sd phai dii mft vdi nhflng vfi'n di bfle xuc
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• Phdt triin thiiu c&n ddi
Trong thdi gian qua, kinh t i Hft Nfi tfing trfldng khfi ngogn myc Nhflng phai chfing dd da 1ft mft sU phfit triln cfin ddi vflng chic? Sy khdi aic mft phin ldn do tfic dfng eua qufi trtnh hdi nhfp quic ti NhUng qufi trdng chd vfto yiu t i ngogi sinh mft khdng chu yiu dya vfto ndi lyc, ed t h i Ifi mft quan dilm chUa khdn ngoan TrUdc dfiy, hogt dfng budn ban cua pho phUdng Hft Nfi cung da tflng phfin vinh, nhUng cd ban dya vfto t i n g ldp dgi thUdng ngoai quoc, Hoa kiiu vft Phap kieu Thfldng mai