As long as/ So long as/ Provided that/ Providing that/ On condition that + Clause Miễn là/ với điều kiện Ex: As long as you drive carefully, you can use my car.. 6/ The variation of th
Trang 1Types IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
1A IF + S + V 1/S/ES + , S + V 1/S/ES + ( diễn tả chân lí)
1B IF + S + V 1/S/ES + , S + WILL/CAN,MAY,MUST,SHOULD,OUGHT TO + V 0 +
2
IF + S + WERE / V 2/ED + ,
S + WOULD/ COULD/MIGHT + V 0 +
WERE+ S + to inf… (đảo ngữ)
3
IF + S + HAD V 3/ED + ,
S + WOULD/ COULD/MIGHT + HAVE + V 3 /ED +
HAD + S + V 3/ED + ,(đảo ngữ)
Notes:
1/ If + S + V(simple present) , Imperative (mệnh lệnh)
Ex:If you go to the post office, please mail this letter for me
2/ Imperative (mệnh lệnh) + or + S + V(simple future)
Ex: Prepare the lesson carefully or you will get a bad mark
= If you don't prepare the lesson carefully, you will get a bad mark
3/ If + S + V(simple present) , S + V(simple present)
→ diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên (If=When=Whenever)
Ex: If you mix blue and yellow, you get green
4 If not = Unless ( nếu không,trừ phi)
1) IF + Mệnh đề khẳng định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề phủ định
2) IF + Mệnh đề phủ định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề khẳng định
Ex: If you don't hurry, you'll be late for school
=> Unless you hurry, you'll be late for school
5 As long as/ So long as/ Provided (that)/ Providing (that)/ On condition that + Clause ( Miễn là/ với điều kiện)
Ex: As long as you drive carefully, you can use my car
= If you drive carefully, you can use my car
6/ The variation of the If-clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề If clause II)
If + S + V(past continuous), S + would/ could/ might + bare inf
Eg: If you were driving from London to Glasgow, which way would you go?
7/ The variation of the main clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề chính)
If + S + V(past subjunctive/ simple past), S + would/ could/ might + be + V-ing
Eg: I am not on holiday; I am not touring Italy
→ If I were / was on holiday, I would be touring Italy
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TÓM LƯỢC – BÀI 20 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES & WISH CLAUSES
Trang 28/ The variation of the main clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề chính)
If + S + had + PP , S + would/ could/ might + have + been + V-ing
Eg: Mr.Pike's son was there; that's why I wasn't sitting in front
→If Mr.Pike's son hadn't been there, I would have been sitting in front
9/ The variation of the If-clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề If clause III)
If + S + had + been + V-ing , S + would/ could/ might + have + PP
Eg: I was wearing a seat belt, so I didn't have a bad accident
=> If I hadn't been wearing a seat belt, I would have had a bad accident
10/ Câu điều kiện pha trộn: Loại III + Loại II
Eg: He isn't a rich man now because he didn't take my advice
→If he had taken my advice, he would be a rich man now
EXERCISES
1 Unless he……… more, he won’t get much commission
2 If I you $10, when ……… me?
A) lend/ would you repay B) lend/ will you repay
C) lent/ will you repay D) lend/ would you have repaid
3 If he……… hard today, a holiday tomorrow?
A) worked/ can he have B) work/ he can have
C) works/ can he have D) had worked/ he can have
4 Ice……… into water unless you heat it
A) don’t turn B) doesn’t turn C) would turn D) would have turned
5 If you……… this one, I’ll bring you another
A) doesn’t like B) will not like C) don’t like D) didn’t like
6 Unless you more careful, you……… an accident
A) are/ will have B) were/ will have C) had been/ would have D) be/ have
7 If I tell you a secret, ……… you promise not to tell it to anyone else?
8 If you……… what I say, ask your mother
A) not believe B) not to believe C) didn’t believe D) don’t believe
9 Unless I a quiet room, I………not be able to do any work
A) had/ will B) have/ will C) has/ would have D) had had/ would have
10 She not open the door unless she……… who it was
A) will/ knew B) will/ knows C) would/ knew D) does/ knows
11 If I a typewriter now, I……….……… this contract by myself
C) had/ would type D) had had/ would have typed
12 Unless I……….…… his address, I’d give it to you
A) didn’t know/ will give B) don’t know/ would have given
13 He……… a lot better if he more often years back
A) would have looked/ shaved B) will look/ shaved
Trang 314 If you……… for lower stakes, you so much
A) plays/ would lose B) play/ will have been losing
C) played/ won’t lose D) had played/ wouldn’t have lost
15 Unless he worked more slowly, he……… so many mistakes
A) would make B) will make C) wouldn’t make D) won’t make
Bài tập thêm có đáp án:
16 I wouldn’t drink that wine if I……… you
17 More tourists ……… to this country unless it……… a better climate
C) wouldn’t come/ didn’t have D) would come/ didn’t have
18 If you ……… your car into the river, you……… able to get out
A) drive/ weren’t B) drove/ wouldn’t be C) drove/ will be D) drive/ wouldn’t be
19 If you……….to a union, you couldn’t get a job
A) don’t belong B) are belonging C) had belong D) didn’t belong
20 What ……… if you found a burglar in your house?
21 He might get fat unless he……… smoking
22 If you……… someone drowning what would you do?
23 She……… ruined if I bought her everything she asked for
24 I ……… a job easily if I……… …… a degree
A) could get/ have B) can get/ had C) could get/ had D) can get/ had had
25 The whole machine ……… into pieces if you……… that screw quickly
C) would fall/ removed D) would fall/ remove
26 I’d go and see him more often if he……… on a bus route
27 What would you have done if the lift……… struck between two floors at that time
28 If you knew you had only six weeks to live, how ……… such a short span?
A) did you spend B) will you spend C) would you spend D) would you have spend
29 I’d climb over the wall if there………… so much broken glass on top of it
30 If I had known that you were in hospital, I……… you
A) will visit B) would have visited C) visit D) don’t visit
31 You would have seen my garden at its best if you……… here last week
Trang 432 I shouldn’t have believed it if I……… it with my own eyes
33 If I……… a map, I ……… the way to the Post Office
A) had had/ would have lost B) had had/ wouldn’t have lost
34 If I……… that you were coming, I’d have baked a cake
35 Had you left that wasp alone, it……… you
C) wouldn’t have stung D) would sting
Had you left = If you had left Đây là trường hợp đảo ngữ các em nhé
36 Unless I ………that the traffic lights were red, I……… …………
A) had realized/ would have stopped B) had realized/ wouldn’t have stopped
C) realized/ would stop D) realize/ will not stop
37 If you ……… me that he had never paid his debts, I……… him the money
A) had told/ wouldn’t have lent B) had told/ wouldn’t have been lent
C) tell/ will not lend D) told/ would lend
38 If you………, he wouldn’t have known that we were there
A) didn’t sneeze B) won’t sneezed C) doesn’t sneeze D) hadn’t sneezed
39 If you…… some mustard in the sandwiches, they would have tasted better
40 The hens……… into the house if you had shut the door
A) couldn’t get B) couldn’t have got C) will not get D) doesn’t get
41 Had he known that the river was dangerous, he…… to swim across it
42 ……… ……… more slowly, he might have understood you
A) Had you spoken B) Did you speak C) If you speak D) If you spoke
43 If he had known the whole story, he……… so angry
44 If you hadn’t been in such a hurry, you……… sugar into the sauce instead of salt
A) will not put B) would put C) wouldn’t have put D) put
45 If I……… ready when he called, he would have taken me with him
46 Unless you… at the engine for a moment, you would have seen what was missing
47 She……… or she may be late for the morning class
A) hurries B) hurried C) doesn’t hurry D) didn’t hurry
48 If I……… again, I think that I would have won in the game
Trang 549 Tell him to ring me at 6:00 p.m if you……….……… him
50 Water……… downhill if there gravity
A) will run/ is not B) wouldn’t run/ weren’t
C) wouldn’t run/ were D) will run/ had been