Tìm hiểu lý thuyết IN trong mạng NGN

• Intelligent Network IN is a concept to specify telecom services, and it has emerged from technical, business and protocol engineering point of view.. Intelligent Network IN• Intelligen

Intelligent Networks

Intelligent Networks

• The IN is an architectural concept that enables real time execution of network

• Intelligent Network (IN) is a concept to

specify telecom services, and it has emerged from technical, business and protocol engineering point of view.

management of value added services in telecom networks.

telephone and voice services, but it is growing in the service integration of mobile and fixed telephone networks and

as gateway to Internet based networks.

Intelligent Network (IN)

• Intelligent Network offers added value

– Open standards, vendor independence

– Rapid service creation and deployment

– Customized services to users

– Centralized service management

– New opportunities to make business i.e new services, markets and customers

– Rapid adaptation to market needs and

– Rapid adaptation to market needs and

competition

source of Competitive Advantage

– Broadband access technology solved

– Service and Content Providers

– Third generation mobile technology

• Third Wave (2006 - )

– New service and content control based

architectures

Computer Controlled Services

Dynamic numbering / networks

Local Mobile Business

*** open technology ***

IN Architecture

• Desirable properties are based on

independence:

• Service independence

• Separation of basic switching

application functions

• Independence of applicationsfrom lower level communicationdetails.

IN & Wireless

• The independence from physical

geography is inherent in IN –hence – ideally suited to supportbasic mobility functions in mobiledomain

deployment of services required

in highly competitive wirelessmarket

IN & Wireless

services in fixed networks

providers and end users with

services regardless of their location and during mobility.

Separation of IN and Basic

Services

IN Service Logic

Basic call processing

Basic call processing

Basic call processing

Basic call processing

History of Intelligent Networks

Control) exchanges in 1960s

network merged

– Routing intelligence in switches

History of Intelligent Networks

– Databases located at network control

– First calling card and 800-services

– AT&T Software Defined Network

(“pre-VPN”)

– Term ‘Intelligent Network’, Bellcore 1984

History of Intelligent Networks

(Ameritech)

• total separation of services and switching

• vendor independence

• new services quickly and economically

• services offered by third party

• IN/1, Bellcore 1986

• SCP only a simple “number translator”

• in service provision both SSP and SCP had to be updated

• SS#7 as common channel

History of Intelligent Networks

• ]IN/2, Bellcore 1987

• no switch dependency

• rapid deployment of new services

• IP concept was introduced

• project timescales discovered unrealistic

• IN/1+, Bellcore 1988

– Interim, downsized solution to IN/2

– Timescales unrealistic, too

– Both IN/2 and IN/1+ were rejected

History of Intelligent Networks

• AIN (Advanced IN), Bleacher 1989

• foundation for ideal IN-systems

equipment-independent IN-systems

History of Intelligent Networks

– Stepwise development via number of

• AIN Rel 1, target AIN-architectures

– AIN Rel 1 is due out 1995-8

– AIN Rel 1 is due out 1995-8

• CS (Capability Sets), ITUT, ETSI 1989

-– European equivalent to AIN

– Define basic IN-services (e.g freephone,

premium rate and UPT)

History of Intelligent Networks

– Service independent building blocks, SIBs

• basic IN-service functional entities (e.g

digit collect and analyze, time and date functions)

• ideal service creation by grouping SIBs

• CS3 focus on mobility management

(e.g GSM 2+ and 3 integration) and interoperability of IN and other

networks (e.g CAMEL Phase 1 2 3 and 4)

CS1

CS2 CS3

• 40 - CS4 4 - Distributed Functional Plane

• 40 - CS4 4 - Distributed Functional Plane

• 90 - Vocabulary 9 - Intelligent Network Users Guide

Intelligent Network Standards

• Recommendation Q.1200 Q-Series IN Recommendations Structure

• Recommendation Q.1201 Principles of IN Architecture

• Recommendation Q.1202 IN - Service Plane Architecture

• Recommendation Q.1203 IN- Global Functional Plane Architecture

• Recommendation Q.1204 IN- Distributed Functional Plane

Architecture

• Recommendation Q.1205 IN- Physical Plane Architecture

• Recommendation Q.1208 IN- Application Protocol General Aspects

• Recommendation Q.1211 IN- Introduction to IN CS- 1

• Recommendation Q.1213 IN- Global Functional Plane for CS1

• Recommendation Q.1214 IN- Distributed Functional Plane for CS1

• Recommendation Q.1215 IN- Physical Plane for CS1

• Recommendation Q.1218I N – IN Interface Specifications

• Recommendations Q.1219 IN guide for Capability Set 1

IN Architecture

network

framework

ISDN Services – Three stages

• Stage 1- describes the service asperceived by a user

decomposition

specification

IN Services

• Services are the core of IN

advantage

• Ideally services facilitate

as the provision of custom services requirements

IN Services

• Service Creation ideally SIB-based

– Easy to use

– Fast to implement and test

– Flexible provision in different networks

through standard interfaces (TCAP/INAP)

– Reuse of SIB-components

– However, present SCEs are not all SIB-based

IN Services

• Service categories

– Mass market services

• well-defined set of ‘basic’ service features

• e.g 800 service with dynamic routing, UPT, chaining of fixed and mobile

services

• e.g personal assistants, VPN and

mobility in Intranet, voice and media integration

Mass market services

Profiled services Custom services

IN Services

• Mass market services

used IN-service

business to business

charged, not users

translation with or without intelligent routing e.g.

dependencies

• typically provision of information,

direct selling, chat lines and televoting

– Virtual Private Network, VPN

• defined as a logical closed user group, implemented over public switched telecommunications facilities

• provision of private numbering plan

• call charging on the basis of duration

of usage

– Mobile/cellular services

• IN with capability of dynamic location

• IN with capability of dynamic location tracking of the mobile subscriber

• the fullest mobile-IN realization with GSM

• Universal Personal Telephony (UPT)

– communication between people, not devices

– “just-in-time communications”

IN Services

• Profiled services

– Dynamic 800 call routing

• control of the service data in call routing via switching environment

• subscriber can have own SMS to gather information of the service usage

– Bank account query

• DTMF coded user ID and password

• DTMF coded user ID and password

– Personal Communications Service (PCS)

• users have unique PINs (Personal identification Number)

• network access terminal independence

IN Services

• Custom services

– Pure customized IN-services not yet exist

– Possible scenario towards sophisticated interactive voice and multimedia services

– Requires complete IN-system

management, which encompasses

• service management

• network element management

• customer management

Capability set (CS)

• Each phase of development intended to define a particular set of IN capabilities,

known as a capability set (CS) This refers

to a set of services and service features that can be constructed Each CS defines the requirements for one or more of the following areas:

In addition to this, each CS is intended to be

compatible with the previous CS and is

enhanced to ensure that it is one stage closer

to the final IN target

• In March 1992 the first capabilityset (CS-1) was approved, but a

several years later in 1995, known

as CS-1R Work on CS-2 wasstarted in 1994 which addressedbasic aspects that were excluded

management Furthermore, work

on CS-3 was started in 1995

IN Conceptual Model

designed to serve as a modeling tool for the Intelligent Network It is defined in the CCITT Recommendation Q.1201.

• INCM is divided into four planes:

• Service plane

• Service plane

• Global functional plane

• Distributed functional plane

• Physical plane

IN Conceptual Model

objectives

• INCM forms the basis for the standardization work and it forms design guidelines for the IN architecture to meet the following main objectives:

– service implementation independence

– network implementation independence – vendor and technology independence

• INCM is the first complete approach to modular telecom service development

IN Conceptual Model

Planes

•

service plane

global functional plane

global service logic GSL1

BCP

service1 service2SF1

SF2

SFn

plane

distributed functional plane

physical plane - protocols and processing

GSLn SIBn

PE1

PEn PE2

F E A

The INCM defines four different

views of IN:

(DFP), and

At first sight it may seem that these four planes are like different protocol

layers, but they are not

• The INCM is defined in the ITU

recommendations 2 Q.1200, Q.1201

to Q.1205, Q.1208, and Q.1290

• The INCM can be seen as the

foundation for IN and provides the

structure for defining each CS

• Each CS is described in the same way:

• CS-x is described by recommendations Q.12x0, Q.12x1–Q.12x5, Q.12x8, and Q.12x9, where x = 1, 2, 3, and so on

ITU-T Recommendations

Defining the INCM

Structure of ITU-T Recommendations,

Series Q.1200

Service Plane

• The service plane is the top plane

of the INCM It describes servicesfrom the user’s point of view

• The service plane describes whatfeatures a service is composed of,

implemented in the network

• A feature in the service plane can

be seen as a reusable unit offunctionality

Service Plane

• Deals with service specification

• Services are described in terms ofservice features

• Service Independence

service plane may be used within the context of other services

• Service specification here does nottake into account any aspects of theunderlying network

• Service Plane represents the servicedesigner’s viewpoint

• The standardization process (CS1,

• The standardization process (CS1,CS2, WIN) starts by defining theservices that shall be IN based (non

IN based are “basic services”)

• The role of IN plane is to keep arepository of the services that can

be supported by a given IN CS

• The concept of services beingcomposed of features is essential

to IN

• The key philosophy behind IN isthat it standardizes reusable

services

• The composition of services out

of features is up to the networkoperator

Capability set (CS)

intended to define a particular set of

IN capabilities, known as a capability

set (CS).

• This refers to a set of services and

• In March 1992 the first capabilityset (CS-1) was approved, but a

several years later in 1995, known

as CS-1R

• Work on CS-2 was started in 1994which addressed basic aspectsthat were excluded from CS-1,such as IN management

CS-1 Service Plane

• CS-1 service capabilities aredefined by the upper two planes

of the INCM

– service plane (SP) and

– global functional plane (GFP).

• IN aims to define a platform forservice execution where the type

of service is not fixed,

Service Features – CS1

Capability Set - Service Plane

services that are single ended and have

a single point of control (As per Q.1211)

one party in a call and is orthogonal at both service and topology levels to any other parties that may be participating

in the call

relationship where some aspects of a call are influenced by one and only one service control function at any point of time.

Capability Set - Service Plane

IN services can be categorised into two groups, as follows:

• Single-ended and single-point-of-control

services, known as 'type A' services.

applies to one and only one party in a call, and is independent of any other parties participating in the call.

relationship in which a given call is influenced by one and only one service logic program.

control points (SCPs), and hence there are no interactions between SCPs when providing a 'type A' service.

Capability Set - Service Plane

• All other services are know as 'typeB' services

• Such services allow several INsubscribers to be associated with asingle call, and also enable severalcall parties to be added or removeddynamically during the call

• In order to provide 'type B' services,the SCPs may be required tointeract

Capability Set - Service Plane

different types of services exist in an IN, a few of which are listed below.

• Abbreviated dialing enables the use of

short numbers for outgoing calls.

• Account card calling allows calls from any

telephone by charging a credit card.

• Tele-voting enables voting via the network.

• Malicious call identification enables logging of incoming calls.

IN CS.1 Services

 Mass Calling (MAS)

Answer (SCF)

Telecommunications (UPT)

IN CS.1 Service Features

• Abbreviated Dialing (ABD) Customized Recorded

Announcement (CRA)

• Attendant (ATT) Customized ringing (CRG)

• Authentication (AUTC) Destinating User Prompter (DUP)

• Authorization Code (AUTZ) Follow-Me Diversion (FMD)

• Automatic Call Back (ACB) Mass Calling (MAS)

• Call Distribution (CD) Meet-Me Conference (MMC)

• Call Forwarding (CF) Multiway Calling (MWC)

• Call Forwarding on Busy (CFC) Off-Net Access (OFA)

• Call Gapping (GAP) Off-Net Calling (ONC)

• Call Hold with Announcement (CHA) One Number (ONE)

• Call Hold with Announcement (CHA) One Number (ONE)

• Call Limiter (LIM) Origin Dependent Routing (ODR)

• Call Logging (LOG) Originating Call screening (OCS)

• Call Queuing (QUE) Originating User Prompter (OUP)

• Call Transfer (TRA) Personal Numbering (PN)

• Call Waiting (CW) Private Numbering Plan (PNP)

• Closed User Group (CUG) Reverse Charging (REVC)

• Consultation Calling (COC) Split Charging (SPLC)

• Customer Profile Management (CPM)

Freephone service

-Features

One-number feature:

• routes incoming calls to a single

telephones;

Reverse charging:

• reverses charging on calls to thefreephone number, so that theowner of the freephone numberpays instead of the caller

Example: Free phone

• FPH allows reverse charging, thesubscriber accepting to receive calls

at its expenses and being chargedfor the whole cost of the call

• FPH allows the served user having

• FPH allows the served user havingone or several installations to bereached from all part of the country,

or internationally as appropriate,with a freephone number and to becharged for this kind of call

Example: Free phone Service

SSP IP/SN SCP SDP SWITCH

Example: Free phone Service

1 Dialling service number 0800 123 456

2 IN-Call Detection from B-number

3 Service Logic function Database

query (from SDP)

4 SDP returns programmed charging

information and C-number.

5 SCP sends INAP message to switch

(including charging information)

6 Switch saves special charging

information

7 SCP sends INAP message to switch

(including new number)

8 Switch connects call to new number

9 Alarming

Example: Premium Rate

• PRM service allows to pay back a part of the call cost to the called party, considered as an added value service provider.

• PRM allows the served user having one or

several installations to be reached from all or part of the country, or internationally as

appropriate, with a premium rate number The calling party will be charged with a premium rate for this kind of call.

• It is a service that can be available in the public telephone network whereby, a service provider having connections to the public network can

be allocated a special telephone number by a network operator, known as a Premium Rate number.

•