Tổng hợp các chuyên đề tiếng anh bồi dưỡng học sinh thi vào 10

Dưới đõy là vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc đõy là vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốci õy l v i h u t khụng thay à vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc

Chuyên đề phát âm

1 Quy tắc phát âm đuôi -ed

* /-ed/ đợc phát âm là /id/ khi nó đi sau am: / t,d/

*/ -ed/ đợc phat âm là /t/ khi nó đi sau những âm :/ -p,f,s,k, ,t ,/ hay sau chữ

p,f,ph,gh,s,x,ce,sh,ch,k,.

*/-ed/ đợc đọc là /d/ khi đi sau: b,v,g,r,l,m,n,o,y,z,w

* Chú ý: Một số từ đặc biệt: aged, learned, blessed, naked, beloved, hatred, sacred ‘ed’

đọc là /id/

2 A appear ed B formed C imagined D vanished

2 Quy tắc phát âm đuôi ‘ s,es ’

* Đuôi “s” đọc là /s/ khi nó đi sau :/ p,t,k,f,0/ hay âm : p,pe,t,te,k,ke,gh,,f,fe,th,,ph.

* Đuôi “s” đợc đọc là /z/ khi nó đi sau : /b,d,v,g,r,l,m,n,o,y/

* Đuôi “es” đợc đọc là /iz/ khi nó đi sau : ch, sh, s, ss,ce,ge,se,x.

Chú ý :- phụ âm “s” đọc là/  / : sugar,sure,

- âm “s” khi đứng ở giữa có thể đọc là / z/, /s/

- Từ say/sei/ nhng says/ sez/

s,es A say s B pray s C play s D day s

14 A pleasure B television C decision D discussion

19 A television B pressure C pleasure D leisure

3 Quy tắc phát âm ‘ ch ’

* “ch ” Đọc là / / : champange, machine, chaufeur

*”ch” đọc là /k/ :chemist, stomach, mechanic,character,anchor(neo),choir(đồng ca)

*”ch” đọc là /t / : chicken, chair, children,reach,…

Chú ý: “th” đợc đọc là /0/ khi di sau 1 danh từ

* “th” đọc là / ð/ : mother, this, weather,… / : mother, this, weather,…

th A brother, B mathematics C think D depth

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‘ k ’ câm khi đi tr ớc ‘ n ’ : know, knee, …

* Chú ý: Còn có một số âm câm khác nh: “B” câm khi đi sau “m”, đứng trớc “t”: vd: climb,

doubt hoặc “W” câm khi đứng trớc “r”: write, wrap hoặc answer, who

7 Đuôi ‘ -age ’ : có 3 cách phát âm : /idz/ ,/eidz/, /a/

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67 A garbage B garage C sewage D carriage

8 §u«i ‘ ate ’ & §u«i ‘ ion ’

ion A collection B question C nation D tradition

76 A suggestion B separation C innovation D ¸intallation

78 A machine B suggestion C shouting D emotion

ate A locate B celebrate C nominate D private

9.Nh÷ng tr êng hîp kh¸c :

111 A lamb B comb C debate D lumber

Phần II: Trọng âm

1 Một số meọ đánh trọng âm:

- Trọng âm rơi vào âm thứ nhất đối với danh từ có hai âm tiết: worker, teacher

- Rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 nếu là động từ có 2 âm tiết: collect, impress, divide,

- Rơi vào âm tiết liền sau các hậu tố: tion,sion, ive, al, ial, ially

- Từ có tiền tố trọng âm ko thay đổi: write- rewrite, use- reuse

- Trọng âm ko rơi vào âm có vần /∂/ hay /i/, rơi vào õm cú vần đụi hoặc dài

Trọng õm rơi vào chớnh cỏc vần cuối sau đõy: ADE, OO, OON, EE, EEN, EER,

-ESE, -AIRE, -SELF, -ETTE, -ESQUE

- 2 STRESS - Một số quy tắc cơ bản để nhận biết trọng õm:

1/ Trọng õm thường ớt rơi vào cỏc tiền tố (prefix) và hậu tố (suffix):

 vớ dụ: dislike, unhappy, uncertain, disappointed, unashamed, forefather

* Ngoại lệ: 'foresight , 'forecast , 'unkeep , 'upland , 'surname , 'subway

Dưới đõy là vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc đõy là vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốci õy l v i h u t khụng thay à vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc à vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc ậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc ố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc đõy là vài hậu tố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốcổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc ấu nhấn của từ gốci d u nh n c a t g cấu nhấn của từ gốc ủa từ gốc ừ gốc ố khụng thay đổi dấu nhấn của từ gốc

V + ment: ag'ree (thoả thuận)

=>ag'reement

V + al: ap'prove (chấp thuận) =>

ap'proval

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V + ar: beg (van xin) => 'beggar

(người ăn xin)

V + y: de'liver (giao hàng)=> de'livery (sự giao hàng)

V + age: pack (đóng gói) => 'package (bưu kiện)

V + ing: under'stand (hiểu) =>

under'standingadj + ness: 'bitter (đắng) => 'bitterness (nỗi cay đắng)

2/ Nói chung, trọng âm thường rơi vào nguyên âm kép hoặc dài, ít rơi vào nguyên âm ngắn như /∂/ hay /i/

* EX:a'bandon , 'pleasure , a'ttract , co'rrect , per'fect , in'side , 'sorry , 'rather , pro'duct ,

for'get , de'sign , en'joy

3/ Một từ hai vần vừa là động từ vừa là danh từ thì:

Động từ : trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2

Danh từ : trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1.

EX: 'rebell(n), re'bell(v), export, import, increase, object, perfect, permit, present, produce, record, refuse

* Ngoại lệ : 'promise (n), (v)

4/ Trọng âm thường rơi vào ©m liÒn trước các hậu tố (suffixes ) sau : -ION, -IC, -IAL ,

ICAL, UAL, ITY, IA, LOGY, IAN, IOUS, EOUS , IENCE, IENT, GRAPHY , NOMY , -METRY.

-EX: 'vision, uni'versity, phy'sician, li'brarian, Ca'nadian, Au'stralian, ex'perience, im'patience, edu'cation, a'bility, elec'tricity, bi'ology, psy'chology, Au'stralia, 'Austria, 'Asia, ge'ography,

pho'tography, e'ssential, ha'bitual, me'chanical, mathe'matical, po'litical, de'licious, pho'netics,

scien'tific, ge'ometry, a'stronomy

Ngoại Trừ (exceptions): 'lunatic, a'rithmetic, 'politics, 'Arabic, 'television

5) Trọng âm rơi vào chÝnh các vần cuối sau đây: -ADE, -OO, -OON, -EE, -EEN, -EER, -ESE, -AIRE,

-SELF, -ETTE, -ESQUE Ex: bamboo, millionaire, engineer, themselves, saloon, balloon, thirteen, Vietnamese, employee, agree, picturesque, Cartoon, guarantee, kangaroo, typhoon

*Ngoại lệ : 'centigrade , 'coffee , co'mmittee , 'cukoo , 'teaspoon…

Exercise:

3 A compulsory B intensity C kidding D invaluable

5 A curriculum B kindergarten C contaminate D conventional

7 A interview B certificate C applicant D primary

8 A certificate B apartment C individual D biology

9 A scientific B availlable C suspicious D supportive

10 A especially B comfortably C carefully D possibly

11 A importance B subtraction C algebra D example

14 A recognize B challenge C symbolize D continue

16 A appalling B ashamed C November D architect

18 A competition B intelligent C automation D information

20 A Attention B interesting C Influence D television

2 STRESS - Một số quy tắc cơ bản để nhận biết trọng âm

1 D 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 B 6 C 7 B 8 C 9 A 10 A

11 C 12 B 13 A 14 D 15 B 16 C 17 A 18 B 19 A 20 A

CHUYÊN ĐỀ GIỚI TỪĐỊNH NGHĨA GIỚI TỪ:

Giới từ là từ loại chỉ sự liên quan giữa các từ loại trong cụm từ, trong câu Những từ thường

đi sau giới từ là tân ngữ (Object), Verb + ing, Cụm danh từ Ví dụ:

 I went into the room.

 I was sitting in the room at that time.

Ta thấy rõ, ở ví dụ a., "the room" là tân ngữ của giới từ "into" Ở ví dụ b., "the room" là tân ngữ của giới từ "in".Chú ý: Các bạn phải luôn phân biệt trạng từ và giới từ, vì thường khi một từ có hai chức năng đó (vừa là trạng từ và giới từ) Điều khác nhau cơ bản là Trạng từ thìkhông có tân ngữ theo sau

CÁCH SỬ DỤNG GIỚI TỪ TRONG TIẾNG ANH:

Có thể nói việc dùng các giới từ không phải dễ, vì mỗi nước có cách dùng giới từ đặc biệt; vậy ta phải rất chú ý đến nó ngay từ lúc mới học môn ngoại ngữ đó nói chung và tiếng Anh nói riêng Trong tiếng Anh, người ta không thể đặt ra các quy luật về các phép dùng giới từ mang tính cố định cho mỗi giới từ đó - cùng một giới từ, khi đi với từ loại khác nhau thì tạo

ra nghĩa khác nhau Vậy chúng ta nên học thuộc mỗi khi gặp phải và học ngay từ lúc ban đầu

VỊ TRÍ CỦA GIỚI TỪ

Sau TO BE, trước danh từ:

+ THE BOOK IS ON THE TABLE = Quyển sách ở trên bàn

+ I WILL STUDY IN AUSTRALIA FOR 2 YEARS = Tôi sẽ học ở Úc trong 2 năm

Sau động từ: Có thể liền sau động từ, có thể bị 1 từ khác chen giữa động từ và giới từ.

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+ I LIVE IN HO CHI MINH CITY = Tôi sống ở thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.

+TAKE OFF YOUR HAT! Cởi nón của bạn ra!

+ I HAVE AN AIR-CONDITIONER, BUT I ONLY TURN IT ON IN SUMMER = Tôi có máy lạnh, nhưng tôi chỉ bật nó lên vào mùa hè

Sau tính từ:

+ I'M NOT WORRIED ABOUT LIVING IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY = Tôi không lo lắng về việc sốngở nước ngoài

+ HE IS NOT ANGRY WITH YOU = Anh ấy không giận bạn

MỘT SỐ SAI LẦM THƯỜNG GẶP KHI SỬ DỤNG GIỚI TỪ:

1)Suy luận từ cách dùng đã gặp trước đó.

Ví dụ : Trước đó ta gặp : worry about : lo lắng về Lần sau gặp chữ : disscuss _ ( thảo luận về ) thế là ta suy ra từ câu trên mà điền about vào, thế là sai

2)Không nhận ra là giới từ thay đổi vì thấy cùng một danh từ:

Ví dụ:Trước đó ta gặp : in the morning Thế là khi gặp : _ a cold winter morning, thấy

morning nên chọn ngay in => sai ( đúng ra phải dùng on )

3)Bị tiếng Việt ảnh hưởng : Tiếng Việt nói: lịch sự với ai nên khi gặp : polite (lịch sự ) liền

dùng ngay with ( với ) => sai ( đúng ra phải dùng to )

-Ex: The boy runs into the room ( thằng bé chạy vào trong phòng )

-Ex: He fell onto the road ( anh ta té xuống đường )

-Ex: I chose her from among the girls ( tôi chọn cô ấy từ trong số các cô gái )

3) Giới từ kép ( compound prepositions ): Là giới từ được tạo thành bằng tiếp đầu ngữ a hoặcbe: About, among, across , amidst, above, against, Before, behind, beside, beyond, beneath, between, below…

4) Giới từ do phân từ ( participle prepositions ): According to ( tùy theo), during ( trong khoảng ), owing to ( do ở ), pending ( trong khi) , saving = save = except ( ngoại trừ ),

notwithstanding ( mặc dù ) , past ( hơn, qua ) considering ( xét theo ) concerning/ regarding /touching ( về vấn đề, về ), excepting = except ( ngoại trừ )

-Ex: She is very intelligent, considering her age ( xét theo tuổi thì cố ấy rất thông minh )

5) Cụm từ được dùng như giới từ: Giới từ loại này bao gồm cả một cụm từ :

-Because of ( bởi vì )-By means of ( do, bằng cách)-In spite of (mặc dù)-In opposition to ( đối nghịch với )-On account of ( bởi vì )-In the place of ( thay vì )-In the event of ( nếu mà )

Ex: In the event of my not coming, you can come home.( nếu mà tôi không đến thì anh cứ về)

- With a view to ( với ý định để )

Ex: I learn English with the view of going abroad.( tôi học TA với ý định đi nước ngoài)-For the shake of ( vì )_Ex: I write this lesson for the shake of your progress ( tôi viết bài này vì

sự tiến bộ của các bạn)

- On behalf of ( thay mặt cho)

Ex: On behalf of the students in the class, I wish you good health ( thay mặt cho tất cả học sinh của lớp, em xin chúc cô được dồi dào sức khỏe)

-In view of ( xét về )

Ex: In view of age, I am not very old ( xét về mặt tuổi tác, tôi chưa già lắm )

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-With reference to ( về vấn đề, liên hệ tới)

_Ex: I send this book to you with reference to my study.( tôi đưa bạn quyển sách này có liên

hệ đến việc học của tôi )

6) Giới từ trá hình: Đây là nhóm giới từ được ẩn trong hình thức khác: At 7 o'clock ( o' =

of ): Lúc 7 giờ

CÁC LOẠI GIỚI TỪ THƯỜNG GẶP

1) Giời từ chỉ thời gian:

at, on , in , from … to, for, by, after, between, till, until …

a At + một thời điểm cụ thể

VD: at night/ three o’clock in the afternoon

b In + tháng / năm / mùa

VD: In 1978 / June / summer

In + the morning / afternoon / evening

c On + ngày trong tuần / ngày tháng năm

VD : on Monday / January 4th, 2007

d From … to : từ … đến …

from + điểm thời gian + to + điểm thời gian

VD: We have classes from 7 o’clock to 11.15

e For + khoảng thời gian:

VD: for two hours , a week …

f By + một điểm thời gian: trước

VD: by five o’clock

g After + time:

VD: after breakfast / lunch / dinnet…

h Between + điểm thời gian + and + điểm thời gian: khoảng từ … đến …

Between + 2 sự kiện

i Till / Until + điểm thời gian: đến luc, đến khi

2) Giời từ chỉ nơi chốn:

a On:

* ở trên (chạm vào, sát vào, bao phủ hoặc tạo thành một phần của bề mặt.

VD: On the wall / grass / table

* ở ( một đại lộ, một con đường)

VD: on Tran Hung Dao Street

* ở trên / trong hoặc một phương tiện chuyên chở

VD: on the plane / train…

* trên / dựa trên

VD: on his back, on horse back …

3) Giời từ chỉ sự chuyển dịch:

-To, into, onto : dến

+to: chỉ hướng tiếp cận tới người,vật,địa điểm

+into: tiếp cận và vào bên trong vật,địa điểm đó

+onto: tiếp cận và tiếp xúc bề mặt,ở phía ngoài cùng của vật,địa điểm

-From: chỉ nguồn gốc xuất xứ Ex: I come from vietnam

-Across : ngang qua Ex: He swims across the river ( anh ta bơi ngang qua sông)

-Along : dọc theo

-Round,around,about: quanh

4) Giới từ chỉ thể cách:

-With : với

-Without : không, không có

-According to: theo

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6) Giới từ chỉ nguyên do:

-Thanks to : nhờ ở -Ex: Thanks to your help, I passed the exam ( nhờ sự giúp đở của bạn mà tôi thi đậu)

-Through : do, vì-Ex: Don't die through ignorance ( đừng chết vì thiếu hiểu biết)

-Because of : bởi vì -Owing to : nhờ ở, do ở-Ex: Owing to the drought,crops are short ( vì hạn hán nên mùa màng thất bát)

-By means of : nhờ, bằng phương tiện

MỘT SỐ TỪ ĐI VỚI GIỚI TỪ PHỔ BIẾN

Sorry about

2 Adjective + of:

Afraid of: sợ , e ngại

Frightened of: sợ hãi

Terrified of: sợ hãi

Scared of:sợ hãi

Full of: đầy nhữngShort of: cạn kiệtJealous of: ghen tỵ vớiEnvious of: ghen tỵ với

- Good / bad/ excellent/ clever at (= giỏi / tốt / xuất sắc/ khéo léo về…)

- surprised/ astonished/ amazed/ shocked at (or by): kinh ngạc

- skilful at: có kỹ năng về

- late for: muộn

- dangerous for: nguy hiểm

- famous for / well-known for: nổi tiếng

- suitable for: phù hợp

- sorry for: xin lỗi

- helpful for / useful for: có lợi / có ích

- Necessary for: cần thiết

- grateful for st: biết ơn về

5 Adjective + with:

Fed up with/ bored with: chán

Satisfied with: hài lòng

Delighted with: phấn khởi

Disappointed with; thất vọng

Crowded/ overcrowded with: đông đúc

Covered with: bao phủ

Angry with: giận dữ

Contrasted with: tương phảnPopular with: phổ biến

Familiar with: quen thuộc với aiPleased with:hài lòng

Furious with: phẫn nộBusy with: bận

Friendly; thân mậtAcquainted with: làm quen với

6 Adjective + in:

- interested in: thích, quan tâm về

- rich in: giàu về

- successful in:thành công

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- confident in sb: tin cậy vào ai

7 Adjective + from:

- Absent from: vắng mặt

- different from: khác

- far from: xa

- safe from: an toàn

- Divorced from: ly dị, làm xa rời

8 Adjective + to:

Nice/kind/polite/ generous/ friendly/ unfriendly to

Harmful to: có hại

Similar to: tương tự

Be married/ engaged to sb (= thành hôn/ đính hôn)

Note: Nice/kind/polite/ generous of sb to do st

9 Adjective + on:

Keen on: + n/ V-ing: say mê

Dependent on + n/ V-ing: lệ thuộc

10 Một số trường hợp cần lưu ý:

- be tired of: chán

EX: I’m tired of doing the same work every day

- be tired from:mệt mỏi

Ex: I’m tired from walking for a long time

- be grateful to sb for st…:biết ơn ai về vấn đề gì

Ex: I’m grateful to you for your help

- be responsible to sb for st: chựu trách nhiệm với ai về việc gì

Ex: you have to be responsible to me for your actions

II VERB + PREPOSITION

1 VERBS + FOR:

- apply for: xin việc

- ask for; yêu cầu

- Look for: tìm kiếm

- Thank for: cảm ơn

- leave for:dời để

- search: tìm kiếm

- pay for: trả tiền

- wait for: đợi

2 verbs + to:

- Belong to: thuộc về

- listen to: nghe

- explain to;giải thích

- Apologize to: xin lỗi

- happen to: xảy ra với

- write to: viết

Speak to: nói

- prefer to: thích hơn

- look at: /- glance at: liếc nhìn vào / - smile at: cuời / - laugh at;cuời / - Shout at: la lối

- Point at: chĩa /- aim: nhằm

6 Others:

- Look after + take care of: chăm sóc

- be/ get used to: quen

- suffer from; chựu đựng

- look up / for/ at/ forward to/ :

- put on/ off/: mặc/ hoãn lại

- blame sb for st: đỗ lỗi

- belong to: thuộc về

- turn into/ change into: hoá ra

- bring up: nuôi lớn

- agree with: đồng ý

- borrow st from sb; muợn

- participate in: tham gia

- Object to sb/ V-ing: phản đối

- call off: huỷ bỏ

- stand for: tượng trưng

- differ from: khác

- introduce to sb: giới thiệu

- escape from:thoát khỏi

- insist on: khăng khăng

- prevent from: ngăn chặn

- succeed in: thành công về

III PREPOSITION + NOUN:

1 ON

 On + thứ trong tuần/ ngàytrong tháng

Ví dụ: I will call you on Thursday His birthday is on February 3

14

 On + a/the + phương tiện giao thông (bus/ plane/ train/ ship/ bike).

Ví dụ: It’s two late to see Jane; she’s already on the plane I came to school this morning

on the bus

 On a street : ở tại phố Ví dụ: I lives on 1st Ngọc khánh

 On + the + số thứ tự + floor: ở tầng thứ

Ví dụ: My girlfriend lives on the fourth floor of an old building by my house

 On time : đúng giờ (bất chấp hoàn cảnh bên ngoài)

Ví dụ: Despite the bad weather, our plane left on time

 On the corner (of two street) : góc giữa 2 phố

Ví dụ: My house is on the corner of Ngọc khánh street and Trộm cướp street

On the corner at the corner in the corner

 On the sidewalk : trên vỉa hè

Ví dụ: Don’t walk in the street, walk on the sidewalk

 On the way : trên đường tới >< on the way back to: trên đường trở về

Ví dụ: We can stop at the grocery store on the way to their house

 On the right/ left : ở bên trái/ bên phải

Ví dụ: Paul sits on the left side of the room and Dave sits on the right

 On television/ (the) radio: trên truyền hình/ trên đài phát thanh

Ví dụ: The president’s “State of the Union Address” will be on television and on theradio tonight

 On the telephone (on the phone): nói trên điện thoại, gọi điện thoại, nhà có mắc điệnthoại

Ví dụ: Is your house on the telephone ? - nhà cậu có mắc điện thoại không?

Janet will be here soon; she is on the telephone

 On the whole = in general : nói chung.

Ví dụ: On the whole, the rescue mission was well executed

 On the other hand: tuy nhiên

 on the one hand on the other hand : một mặt mặt khác

Ví dụ: The present perfect aspect is never used to indicate a specific time; on the otherhand, the simple past tense is

 On sale 1- for sale : có bán, để bán

2- bán hạ giá

Ví dụ: The house will go on sale this weekend

The regular price of the radio is $39.95, but today it’s on sale for $25

 On foot: đi bộ

Ví dụ: My car would not start so I came on foot

* on fire: đang cháy

* On a diet: ăn kiêng

2 AT

at - ở tại (thường là bên ngoài, không xác định bằng in)

Ví dụ: Jane is at the bank

 At + số nhà

Ví dụ: George lives at 565 16th Avenue

 At + thời gian cụ thể

Ví dụ: The class begin at 5:15

 At + home/ school/ work : ở nhà/ ở trường/ đang làm việc

Ví dụ: Charles is at work and his roommate is at school At night, they are usually at home

 At + noon/ night: vào ban trưa/ vào ban đêm

at noon (Mỹ) : đúng 12h trưa

 At least : tối thiểu >< at most : tối đa

Ví dụ: We will have to spend at least two weeks doing the experiments

16

 At once : ngay lập tức.

Ví dụ: Please come home at once

 At times : thi thoảng, đôi khi

Ví dụ: At times, it is difficult to understand him because he speaks too fast

 At present/ the moment = now + thời tiếp diễn

 At first : thoạt đầu >< at last : về sau

Ví dụ: Jane was nervous at first, but later she felt more relaxed

 At the beginning/ at the end of : ở đầu/ ở cuối ( dùng cho địa điểm/ thời gian)

 Thành ngữ chỉ trạng thái: Ex: -At work : đang làm việc

 At play : đang chơi

 At oen's prayers : đang cầu nguyện

 At ease : thoải mái

 At war : đang có chiến tranh

 At peace : đang hòa bình



3 M ộ t s ố th à nh ng ữ đặ c bi ệ t dùng v ớ i gi ớ i t ừ

 On the beach: trên bãi biển

Ví dụ: We walked on the beach for several hours last night

 In place of = instead of : thay cho, thay vì

Ví dụ: Sam is going to the meeting in place of his brother, who has to work

Lưu ý: In place of không thay thế được cho instead khi instead đi một mình đứng cuối

câu

Ví dụ: She was supposed to come this morning, but she went to the lab instead

 In hopes of + Ving = hoping to + verb = hoping that + sentence

Ví dụ: John called his brother in hopes of finding somebodyto watch his children

Ví dụ: It rained off and on all day yesterday.

 All of a sudden: bất thình lình

Ví dụ: When we were walking through the woods, all of a sudden, we heard a strange sound

 For good = for ever : vĩnh viễn, mãi mãi

Ví dụ: Helen is leaving Chicago for good

4 Out of (ra khỏi) >< into (di vào)

 be (run) out of + danh từ : hết, không còn

 be out of town : đi vắng

Mr Adams cannot see you this week because he is out of town

 be out of date (cũ, lỗi thời) >< be up to date (mới, cập nhật, hợp thời)

Don’t use that dictionary It is out of date Find one that is up to date

 be out of work : thất nghiệp

I have been very unhappy since I have been out of work

 be out of the question : không thể được

Your request for an extension of credit is out of the question

 by + thời gian cụ thể : trước lúc

Ví dụ: We usually eat supper by six o’clock in the evening

 By được dùng trong câu bị động để chỉ ra chủ thể gây hành động

Ví dụ: Romeo and Juliet was writen by William Shakespeare

 By + phương tiện giao thông (bus/ plane/ train/ car/ ship/ bike)

Ví dụ: We traveled to Boston by train

 By then : trước lúc đó

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Ví dụ: I will graduate from the university in 1997 By then, I hope to have found a job.

 By way of = via : theo đường

Ví dụ: We are driving to Atlanta by way of Baton Rouge

Ví dụ: This book is by far the best on the subject

 By accident / by mistake : tình cờ >< on purpose (cố tình)

Ví dụ: Nobody will receive a check on Friday because the wrong cards were put into thecomputer by accident

* by heart: học thuộc lòng

6.IN

In (ở trong, ở tại) - nghĩa xác định hơn at

 In a room/ building/ drawer/ closet : bên trong

Ví dụ: Your socks are in the drawer

 In + năm/ tháng

Ví dụ: His birthday is in April I will begen class in 1998

 In time : đúng giờ -vừa vặn

Ví dụ: We arrived at the airport in time to eat before the plane left

 In the street: dưới lòng đường

Ví dụ: The children were warned not to play in the street

 In the morning / afternoon/ evening : vào buổi sáng/ buổi chiều/ buổi tối

Ví dụ: I have a dental appointment in the morning, but I will be free in the afternoon

 In the past/ future: trong quá khứ/ tương lai

Ví dụ: In the past, attendance at school was not compulsory, but it is today

 In future : từ nay trở đi.

Ví dụ: I will spend much time on learning English in future because the TOEFL test is coming

 In the beginning/ end : thoạt đầu/ rốt cuộc = at first/ at last

Ví dụ: Everyone seemed unfriendly in the beginning but in the end everyone made

friends

 In the way : chắn ngang lối, đỗ ngay lối

Ví dụ: He could not park his car in the driveway because another car was in the way

 Once in a while : thỉnh thoảng, đôi khi

Ví dụ: Once in a while, we eat dinner at Chiness restaurant

 In no time at all: trong nháy mắt, trong 1 thoáng

Ví dụ: George finishes his assignment in no time at all

 In the meantime = meanwhile : trong lúc đó

Ví dụ: We start school in several weeks, but in the meantime, we can take a trip

 In the middle : ở giữa (địa điểm)

Ví dụ: Grace stood in the middle of the room looking for her friend

 In the army/ air force/ navy Trong quân đội/ trong không lực/ trong hải quân

 In the + số thứ tự + row : ở hàng ghế thứ

Ví dụ: We are going to sit in the fifteen row of the auditorium

 In the event that : trong trường hợp

Ví dụ: In the event that you win the prize, you will be notified by mail

 In case : để phòng khi, để ngộ nhỡ

Ví dụ: I will give you the key to the house so you will have it in case I arrive a little late

 Be/ get in touch/ contact with : tiếp xúc, liên lạc, gặp gỡ với ai

Ví dụ: It’s very difficult to get in touch with Jenny because she works all day

 In fact: = actually: thực ra

 In general: nói chung

 In meantime: đồng thời

20

 Thành ngữ chỉ trạng thái: Be in debt : mắc nợ

 Be in good health : có sức khỏe

 Be in danger : bị nguy hiểm

 Be in bad health : hay đau yếu

 Be in good mood : đang vui vẻ

 Be in tears : đang khóc

THÀNH NGỮ VỚI GIỚI TỪ

 -In such case :trong trường hợp như thế

 -In short, in brief : tóm lại

 -In fact : thật vậy

 -In other words : nói cách khác

 -In one word : nói tóm lại

 -In all: tổng cộng

 -In general : nói chung

 -In particular : nói riêng

 Little by little : dần dần

 day by day : ngày qua ngày

 Two by two : từng 2 cái một

 by mistake : do nhầm lẫn

 Learn by heart : học thuộc lòng

NHỮNG TỪ ĐI KÈM GIỚI TỪ TRONG CHƯƠNG TRÌNH LỚP 9

Unit 1

take somebody to some place : đưa ai tới nơi nào

to be keep in touch (with sb) : giữ liên lạc (với ai)

Unit 2

different from : khác với > < the same as (giống)

Unit 3

Preposition of place

on a farm

in a field

by a river – in the river/sea

walk up the mountain

near the foot of a mountain

in / under the tree

cross a bamboo forest

in the corner of the room

at / on the corner of the street

in the sky

at the entrance to the village

on the way (home) / (to Oxford)

Preposition of timefrom Monday to / till Thursday

for half an hour

between 11 AM and 1 PM

at the beginning of the week

at the end of the week / month / year …

in the end = finally

since last summer / winter …

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Unit 6

disappointed at / about sth : thất vọng về việc gì

prevent sb from doing sth : ngăn cản ai làm điều gì

Unit 7

apply to somewhere for sth : nộp đơn vào đâu để xin việc gì

do sth on one’s profit : làm việc gì vì lợi ích của ai

replace sth / sb with sth / sb : thay cái gì / ai bằng cái gì /ai

Unit 8

Unit 9

Unit 10

B I TÀI T ẬP VẬN DỤNG

I Kiến thức lớp 9:

.Choose the best answer A, B, C or D:

1 Malaysia is divided two regions

A to B on C in D into

2 It's very kind you to say so!

8.It seems very dificult … to have a trip abroad

9.It was very impolite … him to shout at the meeting

10It was very impolite … him to shout at the meeting

11.Lan always walks to school She goes to school …

12.When I first started playing tennis, it was … fun

13.Did he … live in the country when you was young?

14.It’s very kind … you to help us Thanks a lot

A plays B used to play C has played D likes to play

20 My sister is studying hard … her exam

21 I have studied English … more than three years

22 I am very proud my school

23 .He laughs a lot because her funny face

.24 Lan used to walk the mosque her way to primary school

25 It seems very difficult for me to have a trip abroad It all depends my parents.Any way we’ll keep touch

27 It’s very cold………… night……….the moon

28 Thuy's grandmother turned the television _ to see the weather forecast

29 What are the main differences the two cities?

A in B at C between D with

30 Remember ………… the door before you leave

A to lock B lock C locked D locking

31 She has come here ………… yesterday

A in B since C for D on

32 Lan didn’t come to the party because she had to look…… her younger brother

33 Mrs Hoa will stay in London Monday Friday

A between – to B from – to C on – until D on - to

34 It doesn’t rain the dry season

37 I was brought……….in the countryside by my aunt after my parents had pass …………

38 What is your daughter named ……… ? – A kind of flower

42 Where is Jimmy? – He is ………work He is busy …………his monthly report.

A on/ for B in/ about C to / through D at / with

43 Mary doesn’t mind living……….her own

44 While studying he was finacially dependent……….his parents

45 Please don’t enter ………knocking

46 It was very ……of you to invite me to your birthday party

A Due to industrialization, we have to cope……… The fact that many species are

………….danger ………….extinction

A on/ at/ for B at / upon / over C for/ on/ with D with/ in / of

47 Boys! Put your toys…………it is time to go to bed Don’t stay…late

48 She intended to quit her job to stay……home and look………her sick mother

49 He is very worried …………his new job because he is not quite prepared

……….working

50 The students are very………….of doing a lot of homework

51 Are you …… about your examination?

52 We are very ……with the result of the football match

53 Some people are very ………… of traveling by air

54 While I am waiting…… my bus, I often listen ……….music

26

A on / at B for / to C toward/ about D upon/ in

55 The final examination will be held ……… June 12th , 2009

61 The hurrican took several days to blow itself …………

62 It was the biggest eruption of Vesuvius ………some years

63 On Passover, Jewish people celebrate freedom ………… slavery

69 He saw that film ………….7.00 pm ………….Sunday

70 The whole family showed …………for our anniversary celebration

71 We often go swimming ………Sunday mornings

72 My mother is very keen……….growing flowers.

77 Look at that sign It says, “Keep …………No trespassing”

78 Can you turn the volume ……….a little? I can’t hear it very clearly

81 Many accidents are brought………….by carelessness

82 Let’s Concentrate………….solving this problem

85 Never put…………till tomorrow what you can do today

86 Thanks …………the financial aid he received, he was able to attend the university

89 Smoking has destructive effect ……… your health.

94 Her electricity ws cut…………when she didn’t pay her bill

95 People nowadays are interested ………saving money and natural resources

96 Poisonous gases are pumped …………the atmosphere every day

97 My shoes are dirty I’d better take them ……….before I come in

98 If you go………doing that and you’ll end…… in serious troble

99 They are trying to save the animals ………….extinction

100 They didn’t see each other again ……….the fall

Bài tập chung

I Choose the suitable prepositions in brackets

1 Ba and Tam usually go fishing the weekends (on, in, from, at)

2 The students will visit the capital the summer (on, in, at, of)

3 They heard a very strange noise midnight (on, in, at, out)

4 Our little brother took a long nap from 1p.m 4p.m (till, up, between, at)

5 The competitions will take place 8a.m and 12a.m (from, between, up to, to)

6 She talked an hour to persuade her parents (in, for, at, up to)

7 They have learned English many years (since, for, in, from)

8 The boys often go skiing the winter (in, at, on, for)

9 I’ve studied French 3 months (for, since, in)

10.I arrived the bus stop at 4 in the afternoon (in, at, on, to)

11.She has been here yesterday (in, since, for, on)

12.We will go a picnic next week (in, at, on, to)

13.She took many pictures to show the trip her parents (of, for, to, with)14.There is a meeting 9 a.m and 2 p.m (in, till, between, at)

15.We have lived in Hanoi 4 years (in, since, for, at)

16.She was born 16th January (in, of, at, on)

17.I’ve studied French last week (for, since, in)

18.arrived at the bus stop at 4 the afternoon (in, at, on, to)

19.What did she do the weekend? (on, in, to, for)

II Put a circle round the letter of the correct word

a The play begins……… half past seven

A on B in C at D to

b The meeting of the History Society takes place…………two o’clock on Friday

A between B from C after D since

c This shop is open……….nine o’clock on Friday evenings

A until B though C since D during

d There is an English examination……… Friday,11th December

A at B in C to D on

e The school library is open at any time between four o’clock…………half past five

A from B and C to D until

f “Back to the Future” is at the Odeon ……….two weeks in October

A since B through C as D for

III Fill in each gap with a suitable preposition.

1 Maryam was really impressed the beauty of Hue

2 It seems difficult me to meet her now

3 He doesn't depend his parents

4 If you have any trouble, ask help

5 This guidebook is full useful information

6 We still keep in touch each other although we live away each

other

7 He will go to China the end this week

8 She went out saying a word

9 What do you often do the weekends?

10 She was born September 15th

1 Don’t laugh ……… her or she’ll get angry

2 It’s very difficult to find work _the moment

30

3 In many ways you take _your mother.

4 Parents are naturally anxious their children

5 I’m sure you will succeed this entrance test

6 We try to prevent people _littering

7 I’m going to complain to the principal this

8 This computer is still _guarantee

9 Money is not essential _happiness

10.She is far the best teacher I have ever had

21 - Where's your father?

- He's work

22 We're talking to Lan's family

23 A farmer works hard morning night

24 My mother is a teacher She works a primary school

25 Mr Tuan is a journalist He writes " Nhan Dan"

26 I found a place us to live in Hue

27 It is the highest building the city center

28 Bob and I come the same town but my accent is different his

29 At present John is staying his brother's family the city center , very far his parents

30 Do you know the name the new student our class ?

31 I was born January 1st, 1993

32 It often rains October in Vietnam

33 What are you going to do 2004?

34 I don't know but I am going to go to college September this year

35 You want to watch the sky sunset?

36 Sure And I like to go for a walk sunrise, too

37 Well, let's go for a walk the weekends

38 I don't know what is he doing this moment

39 She often hears some strange noise midnight

40 Does it rain Spring ?

41 How long are you going to stay here?

- I can speak English fluently

42 We'll know the result of the exam three weeks

43 Robert is going to stop work next February

44 You can meet me 7.15 and 8.00

45 Does your brother really enjoy working night?

46 - Is the conference a weekday?

47 We’re always proud _ your success

48 His breakfast consists dry bread and a cup of tea

49 Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? – It depends the weather

50 The park was named _ a young hero, Le Van Tam

51 In the 18th century jean cloth was made completely _ cotton

52 Children’s shoes usually wear very quickly

53 The price of oil has gone by over 30%

54 Vietnamese women today often wear modern clothing _ work,because it’s more convenient

56.We can see many stars the sky at night

57.You remind me my sister

58.They have only been there a few minutes

59.The canoe overturned and everyone fell the deep water

60.How going to Ben Thanh Market this afternoon?

61.I couldn’t meet Mrs Chi because she's

62.I'll come to pick her at 8 o'clock

63.They named their daughter their favorite singers

64.The passage is written English

65 Whom does she fall …… love………?

66 Why are you always jealous ……….the disabled?

67 He is just getting ………….his severe illness

68 He complained ……… the children …………the mess they've made

69 My parents first went ………Greek…………a short holiday ………2003

70 Measuring money must be very difficult to carry ……

71 In this respect, French differs…… English

72 I'll come …… to pick her up at 8 o'clock

73 The passage is written …… English

74 Mr Duc Thanh is thinking of exporting rice …… India

75 As I was coming out of the room, I collided …… somebody who was coming in

76 The people next door are furious …… us …… making so much noise last night

77 When I realized I was wrong I apologized …… them …… my mistake

78 She works quite hard You can’t accuse her …… being lazy

32

79 It’s stupid …… her to go out without a coat in such cold weather.

80 I was absent ……… class yesterday

1 Complete the sentences, using a suitable preposition

a The radio is a bit aloud Can you turn it _ a bit, please

b The children are asleep Don’t wake them _!

c There were a few words that I didn’t understand, so I look in my dictionary

d Look _! There’s a car coming

e Sorry I’m late The car broke _on the way here

f I’ve lost my keys Can you help me look _ them?

g We spent the evening listening _ records

h Are you interested reading books?

i Thank you for your looking _ my children when we were away

2 Rewrite the sentences, replacing the underlined verbs by the phrasal verbs:

a Who is going to take care of the children when you go shopping?

b It was very noisy Please switch off the cassette- player

c Don’t waste time and continue your study

d It was so dark Switch on the light

e The police are searching for the thieves

I Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

The Ancient Mexicans used to respect and fear the sun They were frightened that the sun (26) _ stop rising As a result, they (27) _ make sacrifices (28) _ the sun god would continue to give them day and night and the four (29) _.Farmers, however, used to (30) _the rain god almost as(31) _ as the sun god Even today there are ruins of great pyramids they used to build to worship the sun and the rain gods.Another popular god was the wind god, which took the form of a (32) _ with feathers This feathered snake was also the (33) _

of knowledge for Ancient Mexicans Under its influence, civilization spread throughout Mexico, which at that time was (34) _ a peaceful country with plenty of skilled craftsmen and traders Unfortunately, news of this country eventually (35) _, and Mexico was invaded from the far north Later, other people called Aztecs settled in Mexico.

26 A will *B might C can D may

27 A have to B is used to C get used to *D used to

28 A for B in order to *C so that D since

29.A directions B dimensions *C seasons D season

30.A worship B respect *C.worships D prays

31 A many B more C popular *D much

32 A god B statue *C snake D snakes

33 A snake *B god C king D gods

34 A most B the most *C mostly D most of

35 A popular *B spread C spreads D transmit

II Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

An American professor who studied the Mayas (26)… … … come up (27)… … a new theory about the sudden end of their empire According to Professor Richard Hansen ,

an archaeologist (28)… … the University of California , the collapse of the Mayan (29)

… … in central American was (30)… … about by the Mayans (31)… … Their object was to display their wealth and power by making their buildings and decoration as beautiful as possible This involved using large quantities of lime , which they put (32)

… the walls to make them smooth Unfortunately, the creation of lime is a process which requires intense heat, and they (33)… … had to cut down huge numbers (34)

… … trees This affected the quality of the soil , and it (35)… … almost impossible to farm

26 A had *B has C then D and 27 A to B for *C with D about

28 *A at B in C on D belongs to 29 A civil *B civilization C civilians

D civilize

30 A turned B came C made *D brought

31.*A themself B theirself C themselves D theyselves

32 A in B for C to *D on

33 *A therefore B however C moreover D besides

34 A on B for C to *D of

35 A become *B became C becomes D has become

III Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

Approximately 350 million people (26) English as their first (27) About the same number use

it (28) a second language It is the language (29) aviation, international sport and world trade 75% of the world's (30) is in English, 60% of the world's

radio stations (31) in English, and more than half of the world's newspapers are (32) in English It

is an official language in 44 countries In (33) others, it is the language of business, commerce and technology There are many (34) of English, but Scottish, Australian, Indian and Jamaican speakers of English, in spite of the differences in pronunciation, structure and vocabulary, would (35) that they are all speaking the same basic language

26 A say B tell C talk *D speak

27 A languages B linguistics *C language D linguist

28 *A as B of C with D in 29 A on B *of C to D from

30.A parcels B envelopes C letters *D mail

31 A travel *B broadcast C write D show

32 A spoken B print C taken *D printed 33 *A many B an C more D much

34 B kind *A varieties C type D variety 35 A.recognized B keep *C recognize D invent

IV Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

Named (26)… an ex-Governor of New South Wales, Sydney is the State's capital (27)… Located on the south-east of Australia in the temperate zone It enjoys a mild (28)… , averaging 14.5 hours of sunshine per day (29)… summer and 10.25 hours in winter It is also the largest, oldest and perhaps the most beautifully situated city in Australia First established by the British as a convict settlement (30)… … 1788, it is a modern cosmopolitan city that has developed into one of the nation's major industrial, business, and (31)… … centers Sydney is (32)… to nearly 4.2 million people (as at 1995) The suburbs reach out from the city center and harbor creating a metropolitan area of about 3000 square kilometers The 57 square kilometers harbor is one of the largest in the world and famous (33)… … the unmistakable 134 high arch of the Harbor Bridge and the graceful sails (34)… … the Opera House It is a busy waterway with ferries, freighters, hydrofoils and (35)… … craft.

26.*a after b of c like d as 27 a area *b city c part d cities

28 a wind b atmosphere *c climate d degree 29 a at b on c when *d in

30 a at b on * c in d when

31 *a manufacturing b manufacture c manufactory d manufacturer

34

32 a root b house c hometown *d home 33 *a for b since c.

as d due to

34 a Form b of *c in d to 35 a please *b pleasure c pleasant

d pleased

V Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

From a European perspective, the first explores were engaged in the settlement and discovery of the ‘new world’ However, the history of the United States is but a recent episode (26) comparison with the history of the North America continent and its (27) Between 54 million and 2 million years ago, the continent evolved into a form we know today At least 15,000 to 20,000 years ago, nomadic hunters began to migrate from Asia across the Bearing Strait.

By the fifteen century, when the European nations were ‘discovering’ America, the country (28) by minimum of 2 million natives Most of the tribes had developed some kind of agriculture or (29) while remaining as hunters and retaining nomadic characteristics They roamed the high western plains, hunted mountain valleys, and farmed along the river from coast to coast There was considerable diversity and there (30) several hundred different languages among the wide-ranging tribes Several tribes, such as Iroquois, were very (31) in achieving political unit and extending their influence.

The native (32) were very well adapted to their environment and without the air of natives, the first European settlers might not have survived Many native vegetables, (43) _ maize and potatoes became important staples Moreover, native trackers, guided expeditions and taught hunters and explorers the ways of the land For years, U.S history began with Columbus, but today the cultures and contributions of the early inhabitants of the Americans (34 ) studied and acknowledged The story of the North America begins the true origin of the continent and (35) people.

28 A inhabited B had inhabited C has been inhabited *D was inhabited

VI Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

For many years (26) and quality of (27) were dependent

(28) social status and wealth Before medieval times (29) people in Britain (30) plain woolen clothes The main garment was a long (31) fastened by a belt, and covered in cold weather by a cloak In the 11 th and 12 th

centuries (32) in clothing between nobles and the common people became more noticeable Women’s dresses began to have more shape and style They

reached the ground and often had long hanging (33) Rich people lined their cloaks with fur When knights returned from the Crusades they brought new fashions and (34) from the Middle East Men began to wear (35) tunics and stockings, and long pointed shoes.

26 A.styles B stylist C stylistic *D style

31 A tunnel *B tunic C unique D stockings

32 *A differences B different C difference D differs

34 A material B materialism C materially *D materials

35 A color B colorant *C colored D coloration

VII Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage.

Computers have had an enormous (26) _ on our lives nowadays We do shopping, work or visit places of scenic beauty with the help of computers We pay bills (27) by computers We read newspapers and magazines which have been produced on computers We received letters from and send letters (28) _almost every part of the world with the help of computers And we can (29) _ learn foreign languages on computers.

What make computer a miraculous device? Each time you(30) it on, with

Appropriate hardware and software, it is capable (31) doing almost anything you ask It is a calculating machine which speed up calculations: it can add, subtract, multiply, and divide with lightning (32) and perfect (33) _ It is a personal communicator which help you to (34) with other computers and with people around the world And (35) _ you like entertainment, you can relax with computer games or computer CD music

26 *A impact B growth C change D impacted

27 A prepare B preparing D are prepared *D prepared

28 A.with B from *C to D between

29 A only *B even C over D just

30 A put B let *C turn D take

31 A in *B of C at D for

32 *A accuracy B accurate C accurately D accurating

33 *A speed B product C reaction D accuracy

34 A converse B interact *C contact D interfere

35 A.though B since C if *D when

VIII Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage.

VIII NEW YORK- THE " BIG APPLE"

Our arrival in New York was spectacular It's skyscrapers and the Statue of Liberty make a (26) _sight New York has a (27) of over seven million and it is probably the world's most famous city The inhabitants of the "Big Apple" come from many (28) _countries These are more nationalities in New York (29) _ in any other places on earth It is also has (30) tourists than any other city except London, especially in the summer (31) _come from all (32) the world and have a wonderful time There are so many (33) for them to get enthusiastic about-whether it's some of the

(34) museums in the world or the (35) _little streets of Greenwich Village.

26 *A beautiful B beautifully C horrible D cold

27 A attraction B impression C people *D population

28 A same *B different C young D differences

29 A rather B of *C than D to 30 A many B much C lots *D more 31.* A Visitors B Visit C Workers D Visitor32 A in B from C of *D over

33 A attraction *B sights C sight D.area 34 A good *B best C better D nicer

35 A to charm B charm *C charming D charmed

IX Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage.

It is important to eat well, especially when you are(26) If you are at (27) ,

you may go home for lunch and have a cooked meal of (28) _or fish and vegetables.

Or perhaps you take some food with you to school, and eat it in the lunch(29) _ A chicken and lettuce sandwich, with some fresh (30) , would be a light but healthy lunch Many people around the world eat plain, (31) rice two or three times a day.

(32) _don't often eat well when they're (33) _ for an exam, they eat chocolate

and drink a lot of black coffee And by the way, doctors say everybody should start the day with a

healthy(34) It's also good(35) you to drink a lot of water right through the day

26 A study B studies *C students D.student

27 A primary *B school C schools D class

28 A cheese B fruit C food *D meat

29 *A time B timetable C classroom D lesson

30 A lemons B chicken *C fruit D fruits

31 A baked *B boiled C boil D roast

32 A Teachers B Student C They *D Students

33 *A revising B doing C reading D learning

34 A dinner B lunch *C breakfast D supper

35 A to *B for C of D at

X Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage.

When a strong earthquake occurs on the ocean floor rather than on (26) _, a Tremendous force is (27) _on the seawater and one or more large, destructive(28) called tsunamis can be formed Tsunamis are commonly called tidal waves in the United States, (29) _this is really an inappropriate name in that the(30) of the tsunami is an underground earthquake rather than the ocean's

(31) _.

36

Far from land, a tsunami can move through the wide open vastness of the ocean(32) _

a speed of 600 miles (900 kilometers) per hour and open can travel tremendous(33) _without losing height and strength When a tsunami reaches shallow coastal water, it can reach a (34) _of 100 feet(30 meters) or more and can cause tremendous flooding and(35) _to coastal areas

26 A ground B earth *C land D soil

27 *A exerted B installed C exhausted D strunggled

28 A currents B streams C tides *D waves

29 A therefore *B but C and D for 30 *A cause B reason C force D effect

31 A surface B waves C water * D tides 32 A in *B at C with D for 33.*A distances B trips C journeys D spaces

34 A length B strength *C height D weight

35 A harm B ruin C spoil *D damage

I Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

The Ancient Mexicans used to respect and fear the sun They were frightened that the sun (26) _ stop rising As a result, they (27) _ make sacrifices (28) _ the sun god would continue to give them day and night and the four (29) _.Farmers, however, used to (30) _the rain god almost as(31) _ as the sun god Even today there are ruins of great pyramids they used to build to worship the sun and the rain gods.Another popular god was the wind god, which took the form of a (32) _ with feathers This feathered snake was also the (33) _ of knowledge for Ancient Mexicans Under its influence, civilization spread throughout Mexico, which at that time was (34) _ a peaceful country with plenty of skilled craftsmen and traders Unfortunately, news of this country eventually (35) _, and Mexico was invaded from the far north Later, other people called Aztecs settled in Mexico.

26 A will B might C can D may

27 A have to B is used to C get used to D used to

28 A for B in order to C so that D since

29.A directions B dimensions C seasons D season

30.A worship B respect C.worships D prays

31 A many B more C popular D much

32 A god B statue C snake D snakes

33 A snake B god C king D gods

34 A most B the most C mostly D most of

35 A popular B spread C spreads D transmit

II Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

An American professor who studied the Mayas (26)… … … come up (27)… … a new theory about the sudden end of their empire According to Professor

Richard Hansen , an archaeologist (28)… … the University of California , the collapse of the Mayan (29)… … in central American was (30)… … about by the Mayans (31)… … Their object was to display their wealth and power by

making their buildings and decoration as beautiful as possible This involved using large quantities of lime , which they put (32)… the walls to make them smooth Unfortunately, the creation of lime is a process which requires intense heat, and they (33)… … had to cut down huge numbers (34)… … trees This affected the quality of the soil , and it (35)… … almost impossible to farm

26 A had B has C then D and 27 A to B for C with

D about

28 A at B in C on D belongs to 29 A civil B civilization C civilians D civilize

30 A turned B came C made D brought

31.A themself B theirself C themselves D theyselves

radio stations (31) in English, and more than half of the world's newspapers are (32) in English It is an official language in 44 countries In (33) others, it is the language of business, commerce and technology There are many (34) of English, but Scottish, Australian, Indian and Jamaican speakers of English, in spite of the differences in pronunciation, structure and vocabulary, would (35) that they are all speaking the same basic language

26 A say B tell C talk D speak

27 A languages B linguistics C language D linguist

28 A as B of C with D in 29 A on B of C to D from

30.A parcels B envelopes C letters D mail

31 A travel B broadcast C write D show

32 A spoken B print C taken D printed 33 A many B an C more D much

34 B kind A varieties C type D variety '35 A.recognized B keep C recognize D invent

IV Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

Named (26)… an ex-Governor of New South Wales, Sydney is the State's capital (27)… Located on the south-east of Australia in the temperate zone It enjoys a mild (28)… , averaging 14.5 hours of sunshine per day (29)… summer and 10.25 hours in winter It is also the largest, oldest and perhaps the most beautifully situated city in Australia First established by the British as a convict settlement (30)… … 1788, it is a modern cosmopolitan city that has developed into one of the nation's major industrial, business, and (31)… … centers Sydney is (32)… to nearly 4.2 million people (as at 1995) The suburbs reach out from the city center and harbor creating a metropolitan area

38

of about 3000 square kilometers The 57 square kilometers harbor is one of the largest in the world and famous (33)… … the unmistakable 134 high arch of the Harbor Bridge and the graceful sails (34)… … the Opera House It is a busy waterway with ferries, freighters, hydrofoils and (35)… … craft.

26.a after b of c like d as 27 a area b city

V Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

From a European perspective, the first explores were engaged in the settlement and discovery of the ‘new world’ However, the history of the United States is but a recent episode (26) comparison with the history of the North America continent and its (27) Between 54 million and 2 million years ago, the continent evolved into a form we know today At least 15,000 to 20,000 years ago, nomadic hunters began to migrate from Asia across the Bearing Strait.

By the fifteen century, when the European nations were ‘discovering’ America, the country (28) by minimum of 2 million natives Most of the tribes had developed some kind of agriculture or (29) while remaining as hunters and retaining nomadic characteristics They roamed the high western plains, hunted mountain valleys, and farmed along the river from coast to coast There was considerable diversity and there (30) several hundred different languages among the wide-ranging tribes Several tribes, such as Iroquois, were very (31) in achieving political unit and extending their influence.

The native (32) were very well adapted to their environment and without the air of natives, the first European settlers might not have survived Many native vegetables, (43) _ maize and potatoes became important staples Moreover, native trackers, guided expeditions and taught hunters and explorers the ways of the land For years, U.S history began with Columbus, but today the cultures and contributions of the early inhabitants of the Americans (34 ) studied and acknowledged The story of the North America begins the true origin of the continent and (35) people.

27 A peoples B civilian C people D inhabitant

28 A inhabited B had inhabited C has been inhabited D was inhabited

30 A was B had been C were D has been

31 A unsuccessful B successful C succeed D successfully

34 A had B has C are D is

VI Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage

For many years (26) and quality of (27) were dependent (28) social status and wealth Before medieval times (29)

people in Britain (30) plain woolen clothes The main garment was a long (31) fastened by a belt, and covered in cold weather by a cloak In the 11 th and 12 th centuries (32) in clothing between nobles and the common people became more noticeable Women’s dresses began to have more shape and style They reached the ground and often had long hanging (33) Rich people lined their cloaks with fur When knights returned from the Crusades they brought new fashions and (34) from the Middle East Men began to wear (35) tunics and stockings, and long pointed shoes.

26 A.styles B stylist C stylistic D style

differs

34 A material B materialism C materially D materials

35 A color B colorant C colored D coloration

VII Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage.

Computers have had an enormous (26) _ on our lives nowadays We do shopping, work or visit places of scenic beauty with the help of computers We pay bills (27) by computers We read newspapers and magazines which have been produced on computers We received letters from and send letters (28) _almost every part of the world with the help of computers And we can (29) _ learn foreign languages on computers.

What make computer a miraculous device? Each time you(30) it on, with

Appropriate hardware and software, it is capable (31) doing almost anything you ask It is a calculating machine which speed up calculations: it can add, subtract, multiply, and divide with lightning (32) and perfect (33) _ It is a personal communicator which help you to (34) with other computers and with people around the world And (35) _ you like entertainment, you can relax with computer games or computer CD music

26 A impact B growth C change D impacted

27 A prepare B preparing D are prepared D prepared

28 A.with B from C to D between

29 A only B even C over D just

30 A put B let C turn D take

31 A in B of C at D for

32 A accuracy B accurate C accurately D accurating

33 A speed B product C reaction D accuracy

34 A converse B interact C contact D interfere

35 A.though B since C if D when

VIII Choose the best answer A,B,C or D to complete the passage.

VIII NEW YORK- THE " BIG APPLE"

Our arrival in New York was spectacular It's skyscrapers and the Statue of Liberty make a

(26) _sight New York has a (27) of over seven million and it is probably the world's most famous city The inhabitants of the "Big Apple" come from many (28) _countries These are more nationalities in New York (29) _ in any other places on earth It is also has (30) tourists than any other city except London, especially in the summer (31) _come from all (32) the world and have a wonderful time There are so many (33) for them

40