Morality education for children of farmers’ families in ninh binh province at present

For the above reasons, we have chosen the topic “Morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh province at present” for our thesis with an expectation to make contri

INTRODUCTION

1 Rationale

Morality education is a concerned topic that has been under research for a long time Morality education for children in the family is very special because family is not only one’s home, his first school, and his living habitat but it’s also the cell of the society

Currently, over 70% of Vietnam’s population is farmers Therefore, farmers’ families serve as the supply of the future citizens for the society As a result, training children of farmers’ families is of great importance which affects the quality of the country’s human resources in the future However, in farmers’ families at this moment there are a number of alarming problems worth attention

Ninh Binh is one of the provinces in the northern delta of Vietnam In the recent time, the number of children criminals tends to increase This is caused by several reasons, but the most affecting factor is the family including farmers’ families It’s the high time

we had a more serious, appropriate, and comprehensive awareness of children morality education from different viewpoints For the above reasons, we have chosen the topic

“Morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh province at present”

for our thesis with an expectation to make contributions to the education starting with farmers’ families in the research area

2 Research aims and tasks

- Aims of research:

The study analyzes the situation of children morality education in farmers’ families

in Ninh Binh province, thus suggesting solutions to improving children morality education in farmers’ families in the province at present

- Tasks of research:

In order to realize the above goals, the study focuses on:

+ Analyzing the importance of children morality education

+ Generally analyzing the issues of family and children morality education by family + Analyzing the factors affecting children morality education in farmers’ families in Ninh Binh province

+ Analyzing the situation, reasons and arising problems of children morality education in farmers’ families in the research area

+ Analyzing the demand and suggesting some solutions to improving the morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh

3 Research object and scope

- Research object:

The object of research is morality education for children of farmers’ families in

Ninh Binh province at present

- Research scope:

+ Content: The thesis focuses on studying the morality education for Vietnamese children under 16, mostly lower secondary school students and students in their first grade in upper secondary school who are living in farmers’ families in Ninh Binh at present

+ Space: The thesis focuses on studying the morality education for children in farmers’ families in Ninh Binh province

+ Time: The thesis covers a time range from 1986 to now

4 Background knowledge and methodology

- Background knowledge:

The study is based on the Maxist-Leninist philosophy and ethics, Hochiminh morality thought, and the viewpoints of Vietnamese Communist Party on children education in family, and documents by Vietnamese Communist Party, Vietnamese Government, and Ninh Binh province related to the content of the thesis

- Methodology:

The thesis is done on the basis of a combination of the dialectic materialism, historical matrialism, methods of history-logics, analysis-synthesis, generalization, and sociological survey

5 Scientific contributions of thesis

- The thesis helps to clarify the nature and the role of morality education for children of farmers’ families

- The thesis specifies the importance, the contents, and methods of educating morality for children of farmers’ families

- The thesis discusses the scientific arguments as the basis for suggesting solutions

to improving the quality of morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh province

6 Theoretical and practical significance of thesis

- Theoretical significance:

The thesis research findings could be used as reference for further research on morality education for children of farmers’ families

- Practical significance:

The thesis makes suggestions to morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh at present

7 Thesis structure

Besides the introduction, the conclusion, the lists of the author’s related

published works, and the references, the thesis consists of 4 chapters with 14 sections

Chapter 1 LITERATURE ON THE RESEARCH TOPIC 1.1 Research on morality, morality education, and morality education for children

in family and farmers’ families

In the former Soviet Union, there was much attention to morality and morality education for children in family among researchers with the outstanding works including

“Communist morality principle” by A Siskin, “Ethics” (2 volumes) by Bandzeladze, etc

Starting from the nature of morality under Maxism-Leninism, the researchers have analyzed the specific aspects of morality education Morality means the practices and customs demonstrating certain relationships among people in their daily communication

It has become the rule of behavior that adjusts the behaviors of each individual in the society

In Vietnam, there are a number of studies on morality, morality education, and morality education for children in family Examples include the book “Childhood” by

Trang Thanh, “The system of ethical categories and morality education for university

students” byTran Hau Kiem, “Morality and methods of morality education” by Nguyen

Huu Hop (chief author), etc The researchers thoroughly analyzed the system of basic categories of morality such as common sense, conscience, the good and the bad, etc., and education methods

1.2 Research on morality and morality education for children in family and farmers’ families

The books “Family and family education” chief authored by Le Thi,

“Transformation of family functions and children education at present” by Hoang Ba Thinh, etc describe a comprehensive overview of the role of family and family members

in children education, the modern contents and methods of education as well as the effects

of other education environments on family education

The articles “The socialism-oriented market economy in Vietnam at present and

fluctuations in morality” by Nguyen Trong Chuan published on Magazine of Philosophy

No 9 (December, 2001), “Morality education and traditional family culture and lifestyle

in the market economy of Vietnam at present” by Le Ngoc Anh on Magazine of

Philosophy No 1 (Januaray, 2002), etc mention the changes of the social morality in the market economy Family is the first school to educate the personality and a cultural and moral life style for people

The philosophy thesis by Do Tuyet Bao “Morality education for lower secondary

students in Hochiminh City in the present transformation”, the sociology thesis “The role

of family in morality education for lower secondary students in Hanoi at present” by Nguyen Thi To Quyen, etc discuss the concept of morality consisting of 4 basic contents which are moral value education, moral standard education, moral behaviour education, and moral ideal education The authors also analyzed factors affecting morality education for lower secondary students in the research area

The researcher Nguyen Thi Tho, in her PhD thesis “Family morality in the market

economy in Vietnam today”, emphasizes morality education, education of family rules and

traditions which is the most important in family education as morality is the core of personality, etc Family morality education creates the background personality to walk into life, live in the world and be human

1.3 Research on solutions to morality education for children in family and farmers’ families

A C Ma-ca-ren-co, in his book “Talking on family education”, suggested that parents have love, responsibility and knowledge; family education must be done right

from the beginning when children are still young The book “Behaviors in family” by Le

Minh (chief author) discusses the concept of building personality for children right from the moment when they are born until later, which is a science and an art At the same time, in order to educate the children effectively, it’s important for the members to cooperate in their childcare

1.4 Research on morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh

In Ninh Binh province, there are no documents on morality education for children of farmers’ families The documents related to this issue include document 19/ BC - UBND (1st, March 2012) reporting on investments in agriculture, farmers and rural areas in Ninh Binh province; Instruction by Ninh Binh People’s Committee No 13/2002 on the implementation of an action program to protect children with special difficulties, etc

In brief, most research has been approaching the topic in the broad sense while discussion on morality education for children of farmers’ families, especially research on ethics to be applied in practice in such a province like Ninh Binh is still limited in theory and practice

1.5 Questions for further research in the thesis

Firstly, so far there has been no specialized study on morality education for

children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh.Secondly, how the theoretical knowledge of

morality education for children could work in the reality is a question to the management

levels, industries, local authorities and the whole society Thirdly, there is a gap in

socio-economic features of farmers’ families as well as features of morality education for

children in those families that requires further research Fourthly, morality education for

children in farmers’ families in Ninh Binh province are affected by what factors and

which is the main factor are also questions to be solved Fifthly,Ninh Binh province has

spent great efforts to build and implement action programs of morality education for children So what are the practical solutions to morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh to achieve best results?

We hope to find the answers to these questions in the thesis

Sub-conclusion of Chapter 1

By assessing studies related to the topic in the main groups, the authors have identified the issues for further research in the thesis

Chapter 2 THEORETICAL ISSUES ON MORALITY EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN IN

FAMILY AND OF FARMERS’ FAMILIES 2.1 Morality education for children

2.1.1 Morality

2.1.1.1 Concept of morality

“Morality is a form of social awareness, a set of social principles and norms that adjust and assess people’s behaviours in their relaships with each other and with the society/ they are realized with personal beliefs, traditions, and the power of public opinions” [59; p.8]

2.1.1.2 Morality structure

Basing on the relationships between awareness and action, morality could be divided into moral awareness and moral practice In terms of the relationship between the common and the specific, the general and the particular, the unique, morality is made

up of social morality and personal morality

2.1.2 Morality education

2.1.2.1 Opinions on morality education

In our opinion, morality is the communication of social moral thoughts and norms, making them measures to assess and adjust each individual’s behaviour in order to reach an agreement between individual behaviours and social benefits [109; p.41]

2.1.2.2 The role of morality education

Morality education plays a key part in the formation and development of human personality in general and children personality in particular Through morality education, social moral norms, standards, and ideals become the power of individual morality In Vietnam, moral norms has great impact on people’s daily behaviours, guiding them to the good, the beauty, the sincerity and to fight against the bad, the evil, the fake, etc

2.1.3 Children

2.1.2.1 Opinions on children

According to Vietnam’s Law on Children protection, care and education,

“Children are Vietnamese citizens under 16” [106; p.5] Within the thesis, we see

children as Vietnamese citizens under 16, mostly students at lower secondary schools and grade 10 of upper secondary schools

2.1.3.2 The role of children in the development of the society

Children are owners of the family, the nation, and the country in the future Therefore, adults must create conditions so that children could take part in making decisions related to their lives

2.1.4 Morality education for children in family

2.1.4.1 Opinions on family

In our opinion, family is a special group of people that is formed, developed and enhanced by the basic relationships of marriage, lineage, and care Family members have common material and spiritual values who are attached to each other by responsibilities, benefits, and duties for the supreme purpose of raising family members, making the family closely connected, and developing the family economy

2.1.4.2 Basic family functions

Firstly, function of human reproducing This is family’s basic and particular

function Secondly, function of economy and organizing family life This function is important as it aims at taking care of the entire life of family members Thirdly, function of satisfying emotiona, and psychophysiological needs for human Lastly,

education function Family is the first school of each individual, and parents are first teachers who teach children good virtues and emotions suitable with the family’s, the hometown’s, and the country’s norms and traditions

In short, family is a multi-function institution

2.1.4.3 Principles of morality education for children in family

2.2.3.1 Principles of morality education for children in family

Firstly, respect for children’s personality Chilren’s shaping personality is

vulnerable Being aware of this, parents must pay great attention to respect their

personality Secondly, strictness and tolerance If they want to realize this, parents must be strict to themselves first, and combine strictness with tolerance Thirdly,

principel of love Parents’ love is expressed through gestures, eye expressions, words,

lessons, etc which are impressive to children Finally, parents’ real power has positive

meaning in helping their children shape their good personality and nature

2.1.4.4 Contents of morality education for children in family

Within the scope of study, the researchers investigate morality education for children of farmers’ families in Ninh Binh province in terms of the following contents:

Firstly, education of love for the fatherland, the country, the compatriots, education of

the national pride, of gratitude to precedents Secondly, education of family traditions

Thirdly, education of the respect and filial piety; Fourthly, education of love for study

and work Fifthly, education of solidarity and humanity Finally, education of modesty,

honesty and courage

2.2.3.3 Methods of morality education for children in family

Firstly, exemplification This is a basic method being used by many parents that

is effective in family education for children Adults’ good examples is the background

to create prestige on children It also helps to enhance children’s respect and belief,

and encourage them to follow parents’ advice Secondly, habit training To train good habits for their children, adults should be patient Thirdly, rewards and punishment

Rewards are used when the child make good efforts to achieve good results Punishment is an expression of parents’ disagreement on children’s wrong behaviours

Fourthly, use of sentiment to classify and particularize the education object This is a

very special family method The educators use their great love to encourage children to move forward and appease them at failures This is an invisible emotional link that connect family members and also a magical method that parents and grand parents of generations use to educate morality for their children This requires parents to flexibly apply the mentioned education methods

2.1.4.6 Features of morality education for children in family

Firstly, family is the first education environment of morality for children Secondly, morality education in family is the key element deciding the formation and

development of children personality Thirdly, morality education in family is a

continuing and long time process from the moment the child is born until he’s grown

up Fourthly, morality education for children in family is based mostly on the lineage love of parents and family members for children Fifthly, morality education in family

is higly specific and particular Finally, morality education in family through the

organization of family life

2.2 Morality education for children in farmers’ families

2.2.1 Opinions on farmers’ family

In our opinion, farmers’ family must be at first a family whose life relies mainly

on agriculture, so family members are mostly farmers This is a particular social institution in rural areas

2.2.2 Features of morality education for children in farmers’ families

Firstly, the morality education for children of farmers’ families is under effect

of life in rural areas with psychological features of local people Secondly, morality

education for children in farmers’ families take place at any time, in any place which are various and close to the situation in rural areas with attention to practical morality

education through farm work so that children could help their parents soon Thirdly, in

farmers’ families today, morality education for children begins to be combined between traditional family education with modern family concepts

Sub-conclusion of Chapter 2

Family has different functions including education Morality education for children of farmers’ families requires that the educators have appropriate principles, contents and methods

CHAPTER 3 MORALITY EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN IN THE FARMING FAMILIES

IN NINH BINH NOWADAYS - SITUATION AND PROBLEMS

3.1 Factors affecting the morality education for children in the farming families

in Ninh Binh province nowadays

3.1.1 Natural conditions, economic-social features of Ninh Binh

Ninh Binh is located to the south of the Northern delta with an area of 1387.5

sq kilometer There are many famous attractions like Hoa Lu ancient capital , Bai Dinh Pagoda, Phat Diem cathedral, Trang An, Tam Coc - Bich Dong, Cuc Phuong National Park The population is 930 thousand people The population living in rural areas is 735,356 people, of who children account for about 30%

3.1.2 The factors of culture, religion of Ninh Binh province

In terms of culture, the factors of traditional culture with its own specific characteristics of Ninh Binh such as the Hoa Lu Ancient Capital Festival, Bai Dinh Pagoda and so on, has had a significant impact on the process of morality education for children This does not only create a favorable environment for morality education for the children, but also is one of the visual media for children to aware of good values that the previous generation had left

In terms of religions, Ninh Binh has a large number of religious participants that accounts for nearly 24% of the population of the province The two major religions are Buddhism and Christianity This has significantly affected the morality education for children in the farming families in Ninh Binh, especially for children of families that participate in a certain religion

3.1.3 Factors from farming families themselves under the impact of economic - social development in reforming era

3.1.3.1 Economic conditions of families

Most of the families have higher incomes than before, parents in rural areas have taken care and invested more in education for children Besides, in some families with economic difficulties, the morality education for children is not paid much attention

3.1.3.2 Family traditions and rules

The elements of the family traditions that are protected by customs and rituals mainly responsible for the morality education for children This has significantly affected the morality education for children in the farming families in Ninh Binh

3.1.3.3 Features of the children born and growing in the farming families in Ninh Binh nowadays

Besides the common characteristics of rural children such as knowing how to help parents do housework basing on their health, self-reliance , the children in Ninh Binh province have their own characteristics inherited from their homeland traditions since there are a lot of famous historic attractions and famous landscapes of rural areas Moreover, in many tourist attractions, children are involved in tourism activities Children who grow up in the traditional craft villages such as stone carving village Ninh Van, sedge handicraft villages Kim Son .are very skilled in traditional occupations Most children of farming families having religious belief are influenced

by religion that their parents have believed

3.2 Situation and reasons of the morality education for children in the farming families in Ninh Binh province nowadays

3.2.1 Achievements and reasons for achievements

3.2.1.1 Achievement

a Content achievement

Through surveys, the morality education for children in Ninh Binh in recent years has got basic achievements on the followings:

In the first place, education of patriotism for the motherland, the country, pride, gratitude to ancestors in the farming families in Ninh Binh are maintained and developed Patriotism is expressed through daily activities of children such as gratitude

to previous generations who have fought to preserve a peaceful life; attempt to work and learn well, consistence to overcome difficulties; love for reatives, friends, teachers ., participate enthusiastically the contests organized by communities and government such as “Em yêu lịch sử Việt Nam”("I love Vietnam history"), “Giai điệu tuổi hồng”( youth melody) These activities motivate children to love their communitiy and their country, to be proud of their hometown According to survey, 80.2% of rural children asked agreed that education of patriotism for the motherland, the country is the most important This achievement results from the positive effect of the education of the farming families in Ninh Binh

In the second place, the education of the family traditions is frequently and continuously carried out According to the survey, 82.6% of parents asked uphold the

education of family tradition All of them consider the family traditions playing an important role in the formation of ethics and personality Currently, in the countrysides

of Ninh Binh, many families, clans has established the routine or education encouraging funds to encourage their children to learn to become good people contributing to the homeland and the country

In the third place, education of respect and duty to family and older people is also taken seriously as education of family and traditions 85% of parents asked said

that education of respect and duty for children is vital With that thought, everyday, educational subjects gradually teach their children how to remember the merits of grandparents, parents, who gave birth and nurture them

Fourthly, education of enthusiastic spirit for study and work is getting the good result According to the statistics of the Ninh Binh Department of Education and

Training, in the academic year of 2013 - 2014, students living in the rural areas , accounts for 74.8% of the total number of gifted students across the province The academic performance of the children has partly reflected the results of education of good learning spirit for children of the subjects of education in the farming family The subjects of morality education in the farming families also concentrate on educating children to love labor

Fifthly, education of solidarity, kindness is often integrated into daily life

50.8% of parents asked are concerned about this content of education for their offsprings at home In Ninh Binh, the grandparents and parents of the farming families have enthusiastically supported the practical activities in order to educate their children of the spirit of solidarity and enthusiasm, learning how to share with their friends who are experiencing difficult situations in life

Finally, Education of humility, honesty and bravery for the children are implemented frequently in many ways According to the survey, 55.7% of parents said

that this content is very necessary for their children Thus, in the rural areas of Ninh Binh, there are many examples of young people who save the drowned people, saving people in accidents on the road, who are awarded but still very modest

b Achievement of methods

The first method: Method of exemplification

There is 80% of respondents said that method of exemplification is the most effective Through practical examples in history, parents not only educate their children in term of morality, they are also the examples of responsibility and duty for their offspring to learn This approach has received positive interaction of children

The second method: Method of routine practices

70% of respondents said that Method of routine practices brings about a good result The farming families in Ninh Binh often educate their children through their experience in practical works in agricultural production activities in the province Through working, thei moral characteristics and ability to work are formed and developed

The third method: Method of reward and discipline There is 20% of

respondents applying the method of reward and discipline in the morality education for their children The on-time reward as well as proper punishment are regarded as effective and indispensable measures in morality education for children

The fourth method: Method of using of affection to differentiate, particularize the objects of education It is the by-birth relationship that has created special power to

inspire, educate people that is unique

3.2.1.2 The factors leading to achievements

Firstly, due to the policy, guidelines and proper policy of the Party and the State, especially the direct leadership of the Party Committee of Ninh Binh Province

The guidelines and proper policy of the Party and State in the innovation process have

a strong impact in many fields in society in general, the farming families in Ninh Binh province in particular that is one of the factors bringing the effectiveness of morality education for children of Ninh Binh currently

Secondly, due to the economic growth in the province, raising the living standard of the people In rencent years, there is development in economy and society,

the material and spiritual life of people in general and of each particular family have