Thiết kế bài giảng hóa học 12 nâng cao (tập 1) phần 2

• Tinh chat boa hpc: Tinh bazo cua amin, phan ling the o nhan benzen ciia anilin.. GV bo sung: Anilin va cac amin thom phan img rat kem voi nuoc va tinh bazo ciia anilin rat yeu yeu hon

ChiFcng 3 AMIN, AMINO AXIT, PROTEIN

• Tinh chat vat li: Quy luat bien doi dp tan, nhiet dp soi cua cac amin

• Tinh chat boa hpc: Tinh bazo cua amin, phan ling the o nhan benzen ciia anilin

HShiiu:

• cau tao phan tir, tinh chat, ling dung va dieu che amin

• Nguyen nhan gay ra tinh bazo cho cac amin, tai sao anilin khong lam quy, phenolphtalein doi mau?

2 KT nang

• Nhan dang cac hgp chat amin

• Viet chinh xac cac phuong trinh boa hpc

• Quan sat, phan tich cac thi nghiem chung minh cua amin

• So sanh luc bazo giiia cac amin voi nhau va voi NH3

3 Tinh cam, thai do

Hiiu dugc each giai quyet mau thuan giiia cau tao va tinh chit boa hpc ciia amin tao nen sir himg thii khi giai quyet van dl moi

Thiy dugc tam quan trgng cac amin trong doi sing va san xuit gay hiing thu cho HS khi hgc bai nay

B C H U A N B! C U A GV VA HS

• GV: - May tinh, may chilu, cac philu hgc tap

- Hoa chit: NH3, anilin, metyl armn, nuoc cit, quy tun, nuoc brom

- Dung cu: Ong nghiem, cap Ing nghiem, bg gia thi nghiem

• HS: Xem truoc bai amin

C TI^N TRiNH DAY - HOC

I KHAI NIEM, PHAN LOAI, DANH PHAP VA DONG PHAN

Hogt dgng 1

I.KHAINIEM

GV chieu len man hinh cac cong thiic

NH3, CH3NH2, CH3-NH-CH3, (CH3)3N

Yeu cau HS: So sanh cau tao cua NH3

voi cac chat con lai Biet cac chat do la

amin tir d6 neu khai niem amin?

GV yeu cau HS: Lap day dong dang

cua amin no don chiic, mach ho

GV: Tuong tu viet cong thirc tong quat

ciia cac amin la dong dang cua C6H7N

HS quan sat, thao luan:

- So sanh + Giong nhau: deu co N"'' (boa tri III) + Khac nhau: NH3 c6 hidro lien ket voi

N, cac chat khac co goc hidrocacbon lien ket voi N ciia NH3

- Khai niem: Khi thay the mot hay nhieu nguyen tic H trong phan tir NH} bdng mot hay nhieu goc hidrocacbon ta dugc amin

HS thao luan:

Tir cong thiic amin don gian nhat CH5N -> dong dang co dang CH5(CH2)kN -> Ck+iH2k+5N

Dat k+1 = n -> CnH2n+3N (n> 1) HS: Cong thiic la CnH2n-5N (n>6)

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS

Hogt dgng 2

2 PHAN LOAI

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va dat vin

de tra loi cac cau hoi

- Co the chia amin thanh nhiing loai

nao? - Cho vi du minh hga

- Neu khai niem bac amin

- Phan biet bac amin voi bac ancol

HS thao luan va nhan xet amin phan lam 2 loai thong dung la:

a) Theo dac diem cau tao goc hidrocacbon + Amin beo: CH3NH2, C2H5NH2 + Amin thom: C6H5NH2, CH3C6H4NH2 + Amin di vong : pirolidin

b) Theo bac amin + Amin bac mot: CH3NH2, C6H5NH2 + Amin bac hai: CH3-NH-CH3, CH3NHC6H5

+ Amin bac ba: (CH3)3N

- Bac amin la so nguyen tir H trong phan tir NH3 bi thay the

- Phan biet bac amin voi bac ancol: + Bac ancol la bac cua C lien ket voi nhom OH

+ Bac amin la so nguyen tir H cua NH3

bi thay the

Hogt dgng 3

3 DANH P H A P

GV chilu len bang 3.1 (SGK) len man

hinh cho HS quan sat va yeu cau:

- Co bao nhieu each ggi ten?

- Neu quy tac ggi ten amin?

- Gpi ten cac amin sau day?

CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-NH2

(CH3)3C-NH2

CH3-NH-C2H5

0-CH3-C6H5NH2

HS quan sat ,thao luan dua ra nhan xet

Co 2 each gpi ten

+ Ten goc-chiic: co cau tnic Ten amin = Ank + yl + amin + Ten thay the: c6 cau tnic Ten amin = Ankan + vi tri + amin + Ten thong thuong chi ap dung cho mot so amin

Vi du: C6H5NH2 anilin

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cUa HS

GV bo sung: Neu co nhilu nhom chiic

amin thi them cac tilp diu ngir di, tri

Vidu:

NH2-(CH2)6-NH2 hexametylendiamin

GV chieu len man hinh bai tap len man

hinh cho HS thao luan

Viet cong thirc cac amin co ten sau day:

dimetylamin, phenylamin, benzylamin,

hexan-1,6-diamin,

o-metylpheylamin, etylmetylamin

HS thao luan:

Dimetylamin: CH3-NH-CH3 Phenylamin: C6H5NH2 Benzylamin: C6H5CH2NH2 Hexan-1,6-diamin: NH2(CH2)6NH2 o-metylpheylamin

NH2

Etylmetylamin: C2H5-NH-CH3

Hogt dgng 4

4 DONG P H A N

GV yeu cau HS: Viet dong phan va gpi

ten cac chat co cong thiic phan tir

C2H6O

GV gioi thieu: Tuong tu C2H6O thi

amin cung co cac dong phan vi tri

ancol etylic dimetyl ete

HS thao luan: C4H11N la amin no, mach

ho, don chirc

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH2 (1) CH3-CH2-NH-CH2-CH3 (2) CH3-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3 (3) CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-NH2 (4) CH3-CH(CH3)-NH-CH3 (5) CH3-CH2-N(CH3)2 (6)

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV chieu len man binh bai tap sau: Sl

amin thom co cong thiic phan tir C7H9N

la

A 4 B 5 C 6 D 3

Hogt dgng cua HS

(CH3)3C-NH2 (7) CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-NH2 (8)

(1), (4) (7), (8) la amin bac I (2), (3), (5) la amin bac II (6) la amin bac III

HS thao luan cho ket qua:

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu

cau HS nhan xet ve:

- Trang thai (o nhiet dp thuong)

- Sir bien thien ve dp tan

- Trang thai, mau sac, kha nang boa tan

ciia anilin

- Giai thich tai sao anilin de lau ngay

trong khong khi thi co mau den

HS: Nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Trang thai:

Metylamin, dimetylamin, etylamin trimetylamin, la chat khi c6 mau khai kho chiu cac amin khac la chat long hoac ran

- La cac hgp chat khong mau, 4 amin dau deu tan tot trong nuoc, thir tu cac amin c6 do tan giam theo chieu tang phan tir khoi

- Anilin la chat long khong mau soi o

184 C, it tan trong nuoc, tan nhilu trong dung moi hiru co

- De lau anilin ngoai khong khi thi co mau den do anilin bi oxi khong khi oxi boa

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV nhan xet va bo sung: tit ca cac

amin deu dgc nhu nicotin, anilin

GV chieu bang sau len man binh

va dat van de: Tai sao amin va ancol co

phan tir khoi xap xi nhau ma nhiet do

soi chenh lech nhau rat Ion

GV huong dan HS giai quyet van de

- So sanh thanh phan cau tao ciia 3 chat

Vay amin co lien ket hidro hay khong?

Neu CO hay so sanh lien ket hidro cua

ancol va amin

GV yeu cau HS ket luan van de

HS quan sat

HS thao luan va nhan xet

- Deu CO phan tii khoi xap xi nhau

- Khac nhau la do:

C3H8 gom CO C,H khong co nhom chiic C2H5OH CO nhom chiic hidroxyl C2H5NH2 CO nhom chiic amin

- Nhom chiic anh huong toi nhiet do soi

- Ancol CO nhom OH phan cue nen co lien ket hidro

HS: Theo khai niem vl lien kit hidro thi amin co lien ket hidro

Lien kit N-H.kem phan cue ban lien kit 0 - H nen lien kit hidro cua amin yeu hon lien ket hidro ciia ancol

HS ket luan van de:

Amin co lien ket hidro rit ylu nen co nhiet do soi thap hon ancol va cao hon ankan

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS

Hogt dgng 6

III CAU TAO PHAN Tiy VA TINH C H A T H O A HOC

Cach 1:

GV yeu cau HS len bang viet cong thiic

cau tao va neu dac diem cau tnic cua

phan tir NH3

GV gioi thieu cho HS biet: Amin co

cau tao giong voi NH3 Yeu cau mot

HS len bang viet cau tao ciia

metylamin, dimetylamin, trimetylamin,

anilin

GV yeu cau HS du doan tinh chat boa

hoc cua amin

Cach 2:

GV chilu hinh 3.2 SGK len man hinh

HS len bang viet cong thiic cau tao NH3

N

H H H NH3 CO cau tao dang hinh thap 1 dinh la

N va 3 dinh con lai la H, tren nguyen tir

N con CO 1 cap electron tu do (chua lien kit)

HS len bang viet cong thiic cau tao

CH3 H H metylamin

N

CH3 CH, H dimetylamin

N

H C6H<;

CH3 CH3 CH3 n p^ <^6r>5 trimetylamin anilin

H S thao luan v a n h a n x e t : Amin co cau tao tuong tu amoniac

- Tinh bazo

- Tinh khir

- Tinh chat cua goc hidrocacbon

HS quan sat (nghien cim SGK)

- cau tao ciia amin tuong tu NH3

Hogt dgng cUa GV

(hoac cho HS nghien ciiu SGK) yeu

cau HS nhan xet vl:

- Cau tao ciia NH3 va cac amin

- Du doan tinh chat hoa hoc ciia amin

GV lam thi nghiem Nhiing giay quy

vao cac dung dich sau: metylamin,

amoniac, anilin Yeu cau HS quan sat,

neu hien tugng va giai thich

GV dieu khien, huong dan HS giai

thich

GV bo sung: Anilin va cac amin thom

phan img rat kem voi nuoc va tinh bazo

ciia anilin rat yeu (yeu hon CH3NH2,

NH3) nen khong lam quy tim doi mau

+ Ong dung anilin quy tim khong doi mau

- Giai thich:

Metyl amin va nhieu amin khac khi tan vao nuoc phan ung voi nuoc tuong tu NH3 sinh ra ion 0H~

Hogt dgng cua GV

Nho vai gigt dung dich vao 2 Ing

nghiem Ong nghiem 1: dung nuoc cit

ong nghiem 2: dung dung dich HCL

Yeu cau HS: - Quan sat

- Neu hien tugng

- Giai thich

GV dat van de: Tai sao amin beo (ankyl

amin) lai co tinh bazo manh hon anilin?

GV dieu khien huong dan HS giai

quyet van de

- cau tao ciia NH3 giai thich tai sao lai

CO tinh bazo ?

Hogt dgng cua HS

- Ong 1 thay anilin hau nhu khong tan

lang xuong day ong nghiem

- Ong 2 thay anilin tan

Giai thich:

+ Anilin hau nhu khong tac dung vai nuoc nen anilin hau nhu khong tan, no tao van due roi lang xuong day

+ Anilin tan dugc trong HCl do co phan img tao ra hgp chat tan trong nuoc C6H5NH2 + HCl ^[C6H5NH3]^Cr

CO kha nang nhan proton (H"^)^' co tinh bazo

- So sanh NH3 va CH3NH2

0 Q

N N / / \ / / \

H H H CH, H H

Do goc ankyl(CH3) c6 hieu img diy electron len N lam cho mat do electron

tu do tren nguyen tir N tang -^ de cho

cap electron tu do nay (de cong H"^) ban nen c6 tinh bazo manh hon NH3

Hogt dgng cUa GV

- So sanh cap electron tu do trong NH3

va trong ankyl amin (nhu metyl amin)

- So sanh cap electron tir do trong NH3

va trong anilin

GV yeu cau HS kit luan vin dl

GV chieu bai tap sau len man hinh:

Day chat nao sau day dugc sip xIp

theo thir tu luc bazo tang din

GV: Tuong tu NH3 hay vilt phuong

trinh boa hgc ciia metylamin voi dung

dich FeCl3

Hogt dgng cua HS

- Tuong tu v6i NH3 va C6H5NH2 thi

nhom CeHs co bieu ling but electron ciia nhom NH2 lam giam mat do electron ciia nguyen tir N so voi mat do electron trong NH3

HS ket luan: Tinh bazo cua anilin co the manh hon hay yeu hon NH3 tuy thuoc vao goc hidrocacbon lien ket voi nito

2 C n H 2 n + 3 N + - ^ ' ^ 0 2 ^

2 2nC02 + (2n+3)H20 + N2

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS

GV yeu cau HS: Viet phuong trinh hoa

hpc chay tong quat cua day ding ding

metylamin

b) Phan lirng vol axit nitro"

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu

cau HS neu hien tugng xay ra khi cho

etylamin tac dung voi axit nitro

(NaN02 + HCl) va viet phuang trinh

hoa hgc

GV yeu cau HS giai thich tai sao lai

cho etylamin tac dung voi hon hgp

NaN02 + HCl ma khong cho etylamin

tac dung true tiep vai HONO

GV yeu cau HS nghien ciiu SGK va

cho biet:

- Dieu kien phan ung ciia anilin va

amin thom bac 1 voi HONO

- Viet phuong trinh boa bpc

- Ung dung ciia san pham phan img

nay

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Hien tugng co khi N2 thoat ra

- Phuong trinh h6a hpc C2H5NH2 + HONO -^ C2H5OH + N2

+ H2O

HS thao luan va giai thich Axit HONO khong ben, de phan buy nen khong co san HONO trong phong thi nghiem vi vay phai dieu che tir hon hgp NaN02 + HCl

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Phan img xay ra 6 nhiet dp rat thap tir 0-5"C

- Phuong trinh boa hpc C6H5NH2 + HONO + HCl ""^"^ >

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK, yeu cau

HS vilt phuong trinh boa hpc cua ankyl

halogenua voi amin bac 1 va nhan xet

vl bac cua san pham

C6H5N2 c r + 2H2O Benzendiazoni clorua

- Hgp chat diazo c6 vai tro trong tong hgp hiru co va dac biet la ting hgp pham nbupm azo

c) Phan ihig ankyl hoa

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Phuang trinh boa hpc C2H5NH2+CH3I-^ C2H5NHCH3 +HI

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV bo sung:

- Phan ling tren gpi la phan img ankyl

h6a

- San pham ciia phan img con tiiy

thuoc vao ti le cua cac chat nen co the

thu dugc amin bac II hay amin bac III

- Do sinh ra axit nen trong thuc te san

pham CO the la muoi ankyl amoni

Hogt dgng cUa HS

- san phim phan ling la amin bac II

HS ghi bai

Hogt dgng 8

2. P H A N iTNG THE 6 N H A N THOM CUA ANILIN

GV lam thi nghiem:

Cho vai gigt dung dich Br2 vao 2 ong

nghiem: ong 1 la dung dich metyl amin

ong 2 la dung dich anilin roi lac nhe

Yeu cau HS:

- Quan sat

- Neu hien tugng

- Giai thich

- Viet phuang trinh h6a hgc

GV bo sung: Phan img nay de nhan biet

anilin

GV yeu cau HS: Chiing minh su anh

huong qua lai giiia goc phenyl voi

nhom chirc amin

- Phuong trinh boa hpc NH2 NH2

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS

- Nhom NH2 day electron vao nhan

benzen lam tang mat do electron tren

nguyen tir C tai cac vi tri ortho-para -^

de tham gia phan ling the brom

- Nhom CeHs hut electron ciia nb6m NH2 lam cho cap electron tu do ciia N

bi giir chat hon -» lam giam tinh bazo

IV iTNG DUNG VA DIEU CHE

Hogt dgng 9

1 LTNG DUNG

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu

cau HS cho biet ling dung cua cac

amin, cho vi du minh hpa:

HS nghien cim SGK va nhan xet

- Amin dugc dimg trong tong hgp hiiu

CO Dac biet la cac diamin diing de tong hgp polime

Vi du: Anilin la nguyen lieu trong cong nghiep pham nbupm, polime, dugc pham

Hogt dgng 10

2 DIEU CHE

- Dieu che amin co nhieu each nhu:

+ Thay the nguyen tir H trong phan tir

amoniac theo so do

NH3 - ^ ^ CH3NH2 ^_"f >

(CH3)2NH - ^ ^ (CH3)3N

+ Khu hgp chit nitro

C6H5NO2 "^"HFe^HCl) ^ C6H5NH3CI

^NaOlL^CoHsNHz

HS hoan thanh cac so do

Phuang trinh boa hgc

CH3I + NH3 -^ CH3NH2 + HI

CH3I + CH3NH2 ^ (CH3)2NH + HI

CH3I + (CH3)2NH -^ (CH3)3N + HI

Phuong trinh h6a hpc

C6H5NO2 + 7HCldu +3Fe -^

C6H5NH3CI + 3FeCl2 + 2H2O

+ NaCl + H2O

Hogt dgng 11

CUNG CO BAI V A BAI TAP VE N H A

GV nhac lai cac noi dung da hgc Yeu

cau HS luu y cac diem chinh sau:

- Khai niem amin

- Bac amin (phan biet voi bac ancol)

- Danh phap amin

- Tinh chat vat li

- Tinh chat cua amin la tinh chat nhom

amin, phan ling the ciia cac anilin

- Ung dung ciia amin

GV Phat cac phieu hpc tap sau cho HS

cimg CO

Phieu 1 Co bao nhieu dong phan la

amin bac hai trong cong thiic C4H9N

A 3 B.2 C 1 D.4

Phieu 2 So amin thom co cong thiic

phan tir la C7H9N la

A 2 B 4 C 5 D 7

Phieu 3 Sap xep cac amin sau theo luc

bazo tang dan

Phieu 4 De trung boa 25 gam dung

dich ciia mot amin don chiic X nong dp

12,4% can diing 100ml dung dich HCl

IM Cong thiic phan tir cua X la

A C3H5N B C3H7N

C CH5N D C2H7N

Hogt dgng cua HS

Dap anC

Bai tap v l nha 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (SGK)

D HU'ONG D A N GIAI BAI TAP TRONG SGK

18

: 1,4 (gam) 22,4

mo = 5 , 9 - 3 , 6 - 0 , 9 - 1 , 4 = 0

Hgp chat khong chiia oxi Loai dap an A, B, C

Ggi cong thiic don gian ciia X la CxHyNz, ta co:

3,6 0,9 L4

12 11 14 Cong thiic phan tir ciia X co dang (C3H9N)n voi n = 1 —> C3H9N (chpn C) a) C3H9N

CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 CH3-CH2-NH^CH3 Propylamin (bac I) Etylmetylamin (bac II)

b)

O H N H 2

+ ddNaOH lac dfiu, chiet

CfiHsONafl'^aOH du

+ SMC CO2 du

C e H j , C6H5NH2

+ dd HCl lie deu, chiSt

C6H5OH dd NaHC03 CeUe C6H5NH3CI, HCl du

- dd NaOH du

C6H5NH2 NaCl

(1) C6H5OH + NaOH -^ CeHsONa + H2O

(2) CeHjONa + H2O + CO2 -^ CgHsOH + NaHC03

C3H5(0H)3

dd CO mau xanh nhat (pu 3) (nhan ra glixerol)

1) CsHiiOsCH^O + 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH -^ C5H,,05COONH4 + 2Agi + 3NH3

+ H2O 2) C6H5NH2 + 3Br2 -> C6H2Br3NH2 i + 3HBr

3) 2C3H5(OH)3 + Cu(OH)2 -> [C3H5(OH)20]2Cu 2H2O

b)

Quy tim

dd AgN03/NH3

CH3-NH2 xanh

[ C 6 H 5 N H 2 ] = ^ = 0,1 (mol/1)

[C6H5OH] = - ^ = 0,1 (mol/1)

Bai 12 AMINO AXIT

A MUC TIEU BAI HOC

1 Ki§n thiPC

HS biit:

• Khai niem, ling dung va vai tro amino axit

• Dua vao dac diem cau tao de suy ra amino axit vira co tinh axit vira co tinh bazo

• Biet dinh nghia, dieu kien monome ciia phan img triing ngung

HS hieu: Cau tnic phan tir va tinh chat hoa hgc co ban ciia cac amino axit

2 KTnang

• Nhan biet va ggi ten amino axit

• Viet cac phuong trinh boa hgc ciia amino axit

• Quan sat, giai thich cac thi nghiem chiing minh

3 Tinh cam, thai do

Amino axit co tam quan trgng trong viec tong hgp ra protein, quyet dinh su song, khi nam cac tinh chat co ban cua no se tao hiing thu cho HS khi nghien ciiu bai nay

Moi quan he giira hgp chat co hai nhom chiic (axit va baza) doi lap nhau lai ton tai trong mot hgp chat Se co nhimg tinh chat moi kich thich sir to mo ciia HS tham gia kham pha

B C H U A N B! C U A GV VA HS

• GV: - May tinh, may chieu, cac phieu hpc tap

- Hinh anh, tranh ve lien quan bai hpc

- Hoa chit: Quy tim, glyxin, axit glutamic, iysin

- Dung cu: ong nghiem, cap ong nghiem

• HS: On tap kiln thiic ve amin va xem truoc bai amino axit

C TI^N TRiNH DAY - HOC

Hogt dgng 1

KIEM TRA B A I CU

GV chieu noi dung bai tap len man

hinh yeu cau 2 HS len bang trinh bay

cac HS khac chuan bi de nhan xet va

bo sung

1 De trung hoa 25 gam dung dich ciia

mot amin don chirc X nong dp 12,4%)

can diing 100ml dung dich HCl IM

Cong thiic phan tir ciia X la

A C3H5N B C3H7N

C CH5N D C2H7N

2 cau nao duoi day khong diing?

A Cac amin deu co tinh bazo

B Tinh amin ciia tat ca cac bazo deu

manh hon NH3

C Anilin CO tinh bazo yeu hon NH3

D Tat ca cac amin don chiic deu chiia

mot so le nguyen tir H trong phan tir

NH2

HS quan sat, thao luan va nhan xet:

Hogt dgng cua GV

Yeu cau HS neu:

- Khai niem amino axit

- Cong thiic tong quat

Hogt dgng cua HS Amino axit la hgp chat hiru co tap chirc

ma phan tir chiia dong thoi nhom amino

va nhom cacboxyl Cong thiic tong quat la:

(NH2)xR(C00H)y ( x , y > l )

R la goc hidrocacbon

2 CAu TAO P H A N T i r

GV: Viet cong thiic cau tao cua amino

axetic NH2-CH2-COOH len bang yeu

cau HS nhan xet dac dilm ciu tao,

quan he cua cac nhom chiic

GV huong dan HS nhan xet

- Dac diem nhom COOH

- Dac diem nhom NH2

- Sir tuong tac giiia 2 nhom

\

GV chieu len bang binh 3.2

HS thao luan va nhan xet

NH2-CH2-COOH

- Co 1 nhom NH2 co tinh bazo

- Co 1 nhom COOH co tinh axit

-> hgp chat vira co nhom axit (tinh axit), vira CO nhom bazo (tinh bazo) se tuong tac voi nhau

HS thao luan va nhan xet: Nhom COOH cho proton con nhom NH2 nhan nhom proton cua COOH

NH2CH2COOH?=±NH2"CH2COO"+ H^ NH2CH2COO"+ H^?=iNH3^CH2COO"

HS quan sat, thao luan

- Co 3 each ggi ten amino axit

+ Ten thay the: Co cau tnic

axit + vi tri + amino + ten axit

2 1

C H 2 - C O O H

1

NH2 axit-2-amino etanoic

Hogt dgng cUa GV

GV bo sung:

+ Ten thay the thi axit dugc gpi theo

ten thay the

+ Ten ban he thong thi axit gpi theo

ten thong thuang

GV yeu cau HS nam viing cong thiic

cau tao, cac each gpi ten ciia amino

axit thuang gap nhu:

NH2-CH2-COOH axit a-aminoaxetic

Hogt dgng cUa HS

CH3 - C H - C H - COOH CH3 NH2

CH2 - COOH axit a-aminoaxetic NH2

CH3 - CH2 - COOH NH2 axit a - aminopropionic HOOCCH2-CH2-CH-COOH

NH2 Axit a-amino glutamic

+ Ten thong thuang khong theo quy tac,

gpi theo bang ten rieng

NH2-CH2-COOH Glyxin

HS lang nghe va ghi bai

Hogt dgng cUa HS

Hogt dgng 4

II TINH C H A T VAT LI

GV nhac lai cau tao cua amino axit yeu

cau HS du doan tinh chat vat li cua

amino axit

GV nhan xet va bo sung:

- Amino axit khong bay hoi nong

chay, phan buy b nhiet dp tuong doi

cao

- Khong tan trong dung moi khong

phan cue nhu diu boa, benzen, ete ma

tan tot trong nuoc

- Amino axit thuong co vi ngpt

HS thao luan va nhan xet

Do cac amino axit la nhung hgp luong cue -> 0 dieu kien thuon ran ket tinh, de tan trong nuoc

do nong chay cao (tinh chat chat ion)

HS lang nghe va ghi bai

Hogt dgng 5

HI TINH C H A T H O A HOC

GV yeu ciu HS du doan tinh chit h6a

hpc ciia amino axit

HS thao luan va nhan xet:

- Co nhom NH2 co tinh chit bazo

chat ion

g la chat

CO nhiet ciia hgp

cua mot

Hogt dgng cUa GV

GV chuyen tiep amino axit c6 nhiing

tinh chat h6a hgc nao chiing ta se

nghien ciiu cu the timg tinh chit

Hogt dgng cUa HS

- Co nh6m COOH co tinh chit cua mot

axit-> amino axit co tinh luong tinh

1 TINH AXIT-BAZO CUA DUNG DICH AMINO AXIT

GV lam thi nghiem nhiing mau giay

quy vao dung dich glyxin, axit

glutamic, Iysin Yeu cau HS quan sat

neu hien tugng va giai thich

GV nhan xet bo sung amino axit co

cong thirc (NH2)xR(C00H)y

Neu X = y quy tim khong doi mau

Neu X > y quy tim boa xanh

Neu X < y quy tim boa do

HS quan sat, thao luan va giai thich

khong doi mau

H2NC3H5(COOH)2 ^=^

%NC3H5(COO~)2 +H^ Tao ra H"^ lam quy doi mau

Tuong tu glysin tao ra OH" lam quy hoa xanh

HS ghi bai

2 TINH C H A T LirONG TINH

GV yeu cau HS viet phuong trinh boa

hpc cua glyxin voi HCl, NaOH va nit

ra tinh chat chung ciia amino axit

HS thao luan va nhan xet:

- Phuong trinh hoa hgc NH2CH2COOH + HCl ->

CI NH3CH2COOH

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cUa HS

Hogt dgng 6

3. P H A N LTNG ESTE HOA NHOM COOH

GV yeu cau HS viet phan ling este boa

giiia glyxin voi etanol

GV nhan xet va bo sung:

Thuc ra este dugc hinh thanh duoi

dang muli Cl"NH3^CH2COOC2H5

muon thu dugc este thi:

C ™ H 3 ^ C H 2 C 0 0 C 2 H 5 + NaOHvua du

-» NH2CH2COOC2H5 + NaCl + H2O

HS viet phuong trinh boa hpc

H2N-CH2COOH + C2H5OH

K.ni HLI -*TTT r^TT r ^ / ^ r ^ r ^ TT I TT r^

< ' NH2CH2COOC2H5 + H2O

HS lang nghe va ghi bai

4. P H A N LTNG CUA NHOM NH2 V6l HNO2

GV lam thi nghiem:

Cho vao ong nghiem 2 ml dung dich

glyxin 10%), 2ml dung dich NaN02,

5-10 gigt axh axetic lac nhe

Yeu ciu HS quan sat, neu hien tugng

giai thich, vilt phuong trinh boa hpc

GV bo sung: Phan ung nay dugc diing

dl dinh lugng nhom amin trong amino

axit ciing nhu trong protein

HS quan sat va neu hien tugng

Co bpt khi khong mau bay len

- Giai thich HNO2 (tao thanh tir NaN02 + CH3COOH) phan img voi nhom NH2 tuong tu amin phan ung giai phong khi N2

- Phuong trinh hoa hpc H2NCH2COOH + HONO ->

HOCH2COOH + N2 + H2O

HS ghi bai

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cUa HS

Hogt dgng 7

5. P H A N LTNG TRUNG NGUKG

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu

ciu HS:

- Khai niem phan ling trimg ngung

- Dieu kien de cac amino axit thuc

hien

phan img triing ngung

- Viet phuang trinh hoa hgc phan ling

triing ngung s-amino caproic

- Dac diem phan ling triing ngung

amino axit

GV gioi thieu: Ngoai cac tinh chat ciia

cac a-amino axit con tao voi ion dong

vao mot so kim loai khac nhung muoi

noi phiic mau it tan, rat ben

HS nghien ciiu SGK, thao luan va nhan xet

- Phan ling trimg ngung la qua trinh nhieu phan tir nho (monome) ket hgp vdi nhau tao thanh phan tu Ion (polime) dong thoi giai phong nhirng phan tu nho nhu H2O

- Dieu kien de cac amino axit thuc hien phan ling trimg ngung la co tir 2 nhom chiic tro len co kha nang phan img

- Phuong trinh hoa hgc nH2N(CH2)5COOH — ^

(-NH-(CH2)5-CO-)j, + nH20 Policaproamit

- Dac diem phan img trung ngung amino axit la nhom - O H cua nhom -COOH cua phan tir nay ket hgp cimg H chua nhom NH2 cua phan tir kia thanh H2O va sinh ra polime

HS nghe giang va ghi bai

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cUa HS

Hogt dgng 8

IV uivG DUNG

GV cho HS nghien cihi SGK va yeu

cau HS neu nhirng img dung co ban

ciia amino axit

GV nhan xet va gioi thieu cho HS

cong thiic cau tao mi chinh (hay bgt

-GV nhic lai cac noi dung chinh da hoc

giiip HS cung co bai

- Cong thiic cua amino axit co nhom

NH2 va nhom COOH

- Amino axit co tinh chit luong tinh

tinh axit bazo

- Khai niem vl phan ling triing ngung

- LTng dung quan trgng ciia amino axit

dii voi con nguoi

HS nghien ciin SGK va nhan xet

- Amino axit thien nhien la co so kien tao protein cua co the song

- Mot so amino axit dugc dimg pho bien trong doi song nhu muoi mono sodium glutamat (mi chinh hay hot nggt) dung lam gia vi thiic an, axit glutamic la thuoc bo trg than kinh, methionin la thuoc bo gan

- Axit 8-amino caproic, axit co-amino enantoic la nguyen lieu de san xuat to nilon

dgng 9

BAI TAP VE N H A

HS he thong lai kien thiic da hgc

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS

GV chia HS thanh 4 nhom, phat cac philu hpc tap sau day cho HS thao luan cung

CO bai

Phieu I Cho cac dung dich cua cac hgp chit sau:

NH2-CH2-COOH ( 1 ) ; CIH3N-CH2-COOH (2); NH2-CH2-COONa ( 3 ) ;

NH2-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH ( 4 ) ; HOOC-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH (5)

Cac dung dich lam quy tim boa do la

A ( l ) , ( 3 ) B.(3),(4) C.(2),(5) D (1), (4)

HS thao luan chgn dap an C

Phieu 2 Hgp chit nao sau day khong phai la amino axit ?

A NH2CH2COOH B HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH

C CH3NHCH2COOH D CH3CH2CONH2

HS thao luan chgn dap an D

Phieu 3 Cho 0,01 mol amino axit A tac dung vira du voi 100 ml dung dich HCl 0,2M Co can dung dich sau phan ling dugc 2,18 gam muli JGili luong mol cua Ala

A 109 gam B 218 gam C 147 gam D 145gam

HS thao luan chpn dap an D

Phieu 4 Dot chay hit a mol mot amino axit X duoc 2a mol CO2 va 0,5a mol N2

X l a

A NH2-CH2-COOH

B X chiia 2 nhom -COOH trong phan tu

C NH2-CH2-CH2-COOH

D X chiia 2 nhom -NH2 trong phan tir

HS thao luan chpn dap an A

Bai tap ve nha: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (SGK)

D HU'ONG D A N GIAI BAI TAP SGK

1 Chpn dap an D

2 Chpn dap an B

3 Viet cong thiic cau tao va gpi ten cac amino axit co cong thiic phan tir la C4H9NO2

CH3-CH2-CH-COOH

NH2 CH3- CH-CH2- COOH

CH3CH(NH2)COOH + NaOH ^ CH3CH(NH2)COONa + H2O (1) CH3CH(COOH)NH2 + H2SO4 -^ [CH3CH(COOH)NH3]2S04 (2) CH3CH(NH2)COOH + CH3OH "^' ) CH3CH(NH2)COOCH3 + H2O (3)

CH3CH(NH2)COOH + HNO2 -^ CH3CH(0H)C00H + N2 + H2O (4)

Phuong trinh boa hpc

a) n H2N[CH2]6COOH - ^ ( HN-[CH2]6-CD )„ + nH20

"^^ ( HN-CH(CH3)-CD )n + nH20 b) n H2NCH(CH3)COOH -

6 Viet cac cong thiic cau tao ciia cac amino axit

a) Axit 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic (phenylanilin)

C6H5-CH2-CH-COOH

NH2 b) Axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic (valin)

(CH3)2CH-CH-COOH

NH2

c) Axit 2-amino-4-metylpentanoic (leuxin)

(CH3)2CH-CH2-CH-COOH

NH2 b) Axit 2-amino-3-menylpentanoic (isoleuxin)

CH3CH2-CH-CH-COOH

CH3 NH2 Phuong trinh h6a hpc

CH3CH(NH2)COOH + HNO2 -^ CH3CH(0H)C00H + N2 + H2O

X CH3CH(0H)C00H "^^°^-'° > CH2=CH-C00H + H2O

Y CH2=CH-C00H + CH3OH ( ' '' > CH2=CH-COOCH3 + H2O 0,1 mol A tac dung voi 0,1 mol HCl cho 18,75 gam muoi

Mamino axil = 151 g/mol -^ c6 mot nhom NH2

0,1 mol A tac dung voi NaOH cho 17,3 gam muoi

Mmu6i= 173g/mol ma Mamino axit = 151g/mol-> c6 mot nhom COOH

Dat cong thiic ciia amino axit la NH2-CxHy-C00H -^ NH2-C7H6-COOH

Vi A la a-amino axit: A khong lam mat mau dung dich thuoc tim -> cong thiic ciu tao cua A la: C6H5-CH(NH2)-COOH

Bai 13 PEPTIT VA PROTEIN

• So luge ve cau tnic va tinh chat cua protein

HS hiiu: Tinh chit cua lien kit peptit kem ben trong moi truong axit hay bazo

2 KT nang

• Nhan dang mach peptit

• Ggi ten peptit

• Viet cac phuong trinh boa hpc cua protit va protein

• Phan biet cau tnic bac I va bac II ciia protein

• Giai cac bai tap phan peptit, protein

3 Tinh cam, thai do

Qua noi dung bai, HS thay khoa hpc co the kham pha dugc nhimg hgp chat cau tao nen co the song va the gioi xung quanh, ciing co cho HS niem tin vao khoa hgc

B C H U A N Bj CUA GV VA HS

• GV: - May tinh, may chieu, cac philu hpc tap

- Hinh ve, tranh anh lien quan din bai hpc

• HS: On tap kien thiic li thuyet, phuong phap giai bai tap vl (amino axit)

va xem truoc bai (peptit va protein)

C TI^N TRiNH DAY - HOC

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS

Hogt dgng 1

KIEM TRA B A I CU

GV chieu noi dung bai tap len man hinh

yeu cau 2 HS len bang trinh bay, cac HS

khac chuan hi de nhan xet va bo sung

HSl: Cho so do:

C8H15O4N +2NaOH -^C5H704NNa2

+ CH4O + C2H6O Bilt C5H704NNa2 co mach cacbon khong

phan nhanh, co -NH2 tai C " thi

CgHi504N CO s l cong thiic cau tao phii

hgp la

HS chuan bi bai

HSl len bang trinh bay:

C5H704NNa2 CO mach C khong phan nhanh, nhom -NH2 tai vi tri a Vay cong thiic cau tao la

NaOCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COONa

NH2

Hogt dgng cUa GV

A 1 B 2

C 3 D 4

HS2: Cho 0,01 mol amino axit A tac

dung vua dii voi 100 ml dung dich HCl

0,2M Co can dung dich sau phan ling

dugc 2,18 gam muoi Khoi lugng mol

ciia A la

A 109 gam B 218 gam

C 147 gam D 145gam

GV nhan xet bai lam cua 2 HS va chuyen

tiep bai: protein la thanh phan chinh ciia

CO the dong vat la co so cua su

song Protit dugc cau tao boi cac chuoi

polipeptit vay chung co cau tao nhu the

Hogt dgng cua HS

- ^ C8H5O4N c6 t b i la : CH3-OCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COO-C2H5

NH2 C2H5OCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COOCH3 (2)

NH2 Chgn dap an B

- Khai niem peptit

- Khai niem lien ket

peptit.-HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet:

- Peptit la loai hgp chit chiia tir 2-50 goc a-amino axit lien kit voi nhau bang lien ket peptit

Hogt dgng cUa GV

Vai tro ciia peptit

Hogt dgng cua HS

GV chieu cong thiic sau len man hinh yeu

cau HS chi ra dau la lien ket peptit?

- Lien ket peptit la lien kit

- C O - N H - giiia hai don vi a-amino axit Nhom - C O - N H - giira hai don

vi a-amino axit ggi la nhom peptit

- Peptit CO vai tro quan trong su song: mot so peptit la homon dieu hoa noi tiet, mot so la khang sinh ciia

vi sinh vat, la co so tao nen protein

HS quan sat, thao luan va nhan xet

2 PHAN LOAI

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK yeu ciu HS

neu each phan loai peptit

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet Peptit dugc phan thanh hai loai + Oligopeptit gom cac peptit co tir 2 den 10 goc a-amino axit dugc gpi tuong img la dipeptit, tripeptit

+ Polipeptit gom cac peptit co tir 11 den 50 goc a-amino axit

II CAU TAO, DONG PHAN VA DANH PHAP

Hogt dgng 3

l.CAUTAO

GV cho HS nghien cim SGK yeu cau HS

nhan xet vl cau tao ciia peptit

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet Phan tir peptit hgp thanh tir cac a-amino axil bang lien kit peptit theo mot trat tu nhit dinh

Hogt dgng cUa GV

GV gioi thieu trong cau tao cua peptit c6:

- Amino axit dau N con nhom NH2

- Amino axit dau C con nhom COOH

Yeu ciu HS chi ra amino axit dau N, dau

C trong cac peptit sau day:

NH2-CH-CO-NH-CH-COOH

Hoat dgng cUa HS

HS thao luan va nhan xet

Amino axit dSuN Amino axit dau C

Thiiy phan hoan toan Imol peptit X dugc

cac amino axit A, B, C, D, E moi loai

Imol N I U thuy phan tung phin X dugc

cac dipeptit va tripeptit AD, DC, BE,

DCB Trinh tu cac amino axit trong X la

A BCDEA B DEBCA

2 DONG P H A N ,

GV yeu ciu HS vilt cong thiic va gpi ten

thuong mot so a-amino axit don gian

R^

GV gioi thieu moi peptit gom mot so xac

dinh cac goc a-amino axit lien ket voi

nhau theo mot trat tu nhit dinh, viec thay

dii trat tu se dan toi cac peptit ding

NH2

HS nghe giang, ghi bai

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV yeu ciu HS vilt ding phan cua

dipeptit dugc ciu tao tir 2 phan tir glyxin

va alanin

GV thong bao: Nguoi ta thuong bilu dien

cau tao cac peptit bang each:

+ Ghep ten cac goc axyl ciia cac

a-amino axit bat dau tir diu N kit thiic

bang bang ten axit dau C (giii nguyen)

+ Ghep tir ten viet tat cac a-amino axit

theo trat tu cua chiing Yeu ciu HS gpi

ten cac peptit sau

H2NCH2-CO-NH-CH-COOH

CH3 H2NCH-CO-NH-CH2-COOH

HS thao luan cho ket qua

H2NCH2-CO-NH-CH-COOH

CH3 Gly-Ala H2NCH-CO-NH-CH2-COOH CH3 Ala-Gly H2NCH-CO-NH-CH2-CO^

CH3 '-NH-CH-COOH

[CH2]4NH2 Ala-Gly-Lys

HI TINH CHAT

Hogt dgng 4

I.TINHCHATVATLI

GV yeu cau HS so sanh cau tao ciia peptit

voi amino axit de du doan tinh chat vat li

cua peptit

HS thao luan cho ket qua Peptit CO cau tao tuong tu nhu amino axit (co nhom NH2 va nhom COOH)

=^ peptit la chat ran o dilu kien

thuong, CO nhiet dp nuoc cao, de tan trong nuoc

J

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS

2 TINH C H A T H O A H O C

GV thong bao cho HS peptit co hai phan

ling dac tnmg la phan ling thuy phan va

phan ling mau biure

a) Phan umg mau biure

GV lam thi nghiem:

Cho 1-2 ml dung dich peptit vao Ing

nghiem dung Cu(0H)2 moi dilu chi sau

d6 lie nhe Yeu ciu HS quan sat, neu

hien tugng, giai thich

GV huong dan HS nghien ciiu SGK de

giai thich hien tugng

GV bl sung: phan ling nay ggi la phan

ling mau biure, dugc dimg de nhan biet

hgp chit c6 2 lien kit peptit tro len

b) Phan mig thiiy phan

HS quan sat va nhan xet

Hien tuang: Cu(0H)2 tan cho dung

dich mau tim dac tnmg

Gidi thich: Do trong peptit co nh6m

-CO-NH- phan ling voi Cu(0H)2 cho hgp chit mau tim dac tnmg

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu ciu

HS vilt phuang trinh hoa hgc thuy phan

cac peptit sau:

+ 2H2O H* hoac OH"

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV bo sung:

- Ngoai ra peptit con bi thiiy phan khi co

enzim xiic tac

- Khi thiiy phan peptit thuong cho nhieu

san pham nhu: amino axit, di peptit, tri

peptit,

Hogt dgng cua HS

NH2CHCOOH + R'

NH2CHCOOH + NH2CHCOOH R^ R^

B PROTEIN

Hogt dgng 5

I KHAI NIEM VA PHAN LOAI

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va cho biet:

- Khai niem protein

- Cach phan loai protein

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet:

- Protein la nhiing polipeptit cao phan tir co khoi lugng tir vai chuc nghin den vai trieu

- Protein dugc phan lam 2 loai

+ Protein don gian la protein dugc cau tao tir cac a-amino axit nhu: abumin ciia long trang tning, fibroin ciia to tam

+ Protein phirc tap la protein dugc tao thanh tir protein don gian vdi cac thanh phan "phi protein" Nhu nucleoprotein, lipoprotein

Hogt dgng 6

II SO hlfOC VE CAU TRUC PHAN TU^ PROTEIN

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu ciu

HS nhan xet vl ciu tao ciia protein, ciu

tnic bac I cua protein?

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Phan tir protein dugc cau tao tir mot hay nhieu chuoi polipeptit ket hgp voi nhau hoac voi cac thanh phan phi protein khac

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS

GV chieu binh 3.4 SGK cho HS quan sat

ve cau tao ciia phan tir insulin (hoac cho

HS quan sat true tiep SGK)

- Cac phan tir protein dugc cau tao tir cac goc a-amino axit

- c i u tnic bac 1 cua protein la trinh

tu sip xIp cac don vi a-amino axit trong mach protein Cau tnic nay dugc giii viing nho lien ket peptit

HI TINH CHAT CUA PROTEIN

Hogt dgng 7

I.TINHCHATVATLI

GV lam thi nghiem: Dimg ong nho gigt

cho vao ong nghiem thii nhat 1 ml long

trang tning, ong nghiem thii 2 mot it sgi

t6c hay mong, sung Sau do cho them

2-3 ml nuoc cat, lac nhe ong nghiem

Dun soi hai ong nghiem tren den con

Yeu cau HS nhan xet ve tinh chat vat li

ciia protein

GV gioi thieu:

- Sgi toe hay mong, simg co dang hinh

sgi, con long trang triing, hemoglobin ciia

mau CO dang hinh cau

- Ngoai each dun nong thi khi cho axit,

bazo hay mot so muoi vao protein thi

protein se dong tu lai tach ra khoi dung

dich

GV giai thich hien tugng protein dong tu

la do cau tnic ciia protein bi thay doi khi

dun nong

HS quan sat va nhan xet:

- Long trang triing tan trong nuac tao thanh dung dich keo sgi toe, mong, simg khong tan

- Khi dun nong long trang tning bi dong tu

=> Protein co do tan khac nhau

HS lang nghe va ghi bai

Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS

Hogt dong 8

2 TINH C H A T H O A H O C

GV yeu cau HS du doan tinh chit boa

hpc ciia protein

HS thao luan va nhan xet

Protein co cau tao tuong tu peptit nen c6 cac phan img:

- Phan ling thiiy phan khi c6 xiic tac axit, bazo, enzim

- Phan ling mau biure

a) Phan ung thuy phan

GV chieu cong thiic cau tao ciia mot doan

cua protein yeu cau HS viet phuang trinh

phan ling thiiy phan protein trong moi

b) Phan ung mau

Phan irng v&i HNO3

GV bieu dien thi nghiem: Nho vai gipt

HNO3 dac vao Ing nghiem dung dung

dich long trang tning

Yeu ciu HS quan sat va giai thich(GV

huong dan HS giai thich)

HS quan sat

- Hien tugng: thay sinh ra ket tiia vang

- Giai thich: Nhom CeHsOH cua mot

so goc amino axit da phan ling voi HNO3 sinh ra hgp chat nitro co mau vang

Hogt dgng ciia GV

Phan irng v&i

GV tiep tuc bilu diln thi nghiem:Cho vao

ong nghiem 4ml dung dich long tring

tning, 1ml dung dich NaOH 30%) va

Igigt CuS04 2%), sau do lie nhe

Yeu cau HS quan sat bien tugng va giai

thich

GV luu y HS: Day la phan ling diing dl

nhan biet protein

GV gioi thieu cho HS biet tam quan trpng

cua protein doi voi su song

- Protein tao ra nhan te bao va nguyen

sinh chat la thanh phan chinh cua te bao

vay protein la co so tao nen su song, co

protein moi co sir song

- Protein la thiic an quan trpng vi no bo

sung protein cho co the, mot phan khac

oxi boa cung cap nang lugng cho boat

dong ciia co the

Hogt dgng ciia HS Cu(OH)2

HS quan sat va nhan xet

Hien tuang: Cu(OH)2 tan cho dung

dich mau tim dac tnmg

Gidi thich: Do trong protein co nhom

- C O - N H - giong peptit phan ling voi Cu(0H)2 cho hgp chat phiic mau tim dac trung

HS ghi bai

IV KHAI NIEM VE ENZIM v A AXIT NUCLEIC

Hogt dgng 9

l.ENZ

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK tir do neu

khai niem enzim

IM

HS nghien cuu SGK va nhan xet

Enzim la nhiing chat hau bet co ban

chat protein, co kha nang xiic tac cho cac qua trinh boa hgc, dac biet trong

CO the sinh vat

Enzim la chat xiic tac sinh hpc c6

trong mgi te bao sing Ten ciia enzim = ten cua phan ling hay ten chat phan ling + aza

Vl du: enzim amilaza