Khoi lugng chat tan va khoi lugng dung dich khong thay doi D.. Dot chay hoan toan 4,48 lit dktc CH4 sau do dan toan bo san phim chay vao binh dung nuac voi trong du thi khii lugng dung d
Trang 1NHA XUAT BAN HA NOI
Trang 3TS CAO Ci; GIAC (Chu bi6n) - ThS H 6 THANH THUY
Trang 4Thiet ke bai giang
H O A H O C 12 - NANG CAO: TAP MOT
TS CAO CU GlAC (Chu bien)
NHA XUXT BAN HA NOI
Chiu trdch nhiem xudt ban:
SAa ban in:
PHAM QUOC TUAN
In 1000 cuo'n, khd 17 x 24 cm, tai Cong ty Co phan In Tay Ho Giay phep xuat ban so: 127 - 2008/CXB/100 p TK - 05/HN
In xong va nop luu chieu nam 2008
Trang 5JLai not dau =^=^=^=^=^^=^^====^=^
De ho tra cho viec day - hoc mon Hod hoc 12 ndng cao theo chuang trinh
sdch gido khoa (SGK) mai dp dung tir nam hoc 2008 - 2009, chung toi
bien sogn cuon Thiit ke bai giang Hod hoc 12 ndng cao tap I, 2 Sdch
giai thieu cdch thiet ke bai gidng theo tinh than doi mai phucmg phdp day
hoc nhdm phdt huy tinh tich cue nhdn thuc ciia hoc sinh (HS)
Ve noi dung: Sdch bdm sdt noi dung SGK Hod hoc 12 theo chucmg trinh
chudn cua Bo Gido due va Ddo tgo ban hdnh O moi tiet day deu chi ro
muc tieu ve kien thuc, kindng, thdi do, cdc cong viec can chudn bi cua gido
vien (GV) va HS, cdc phuomg tien tra gidng can thiet nhdm ddm bdo chdt
luomg tieng bai, timg tiet len lap Ngodi ra sdch cdn ma rong, bo sung them
mot so noi dung lien quan den bai gidng bang nhieu hoat dong nhdm cung
cap them tu lieu de cdc thdy, c6 gido tham khdo, van dung tuy theo doi
tuang va muc dich day hoc
Ve phiroug phap day - hoc: Sdch duac trien khai theo huang tich cue
hod hoat dong cua HS, lay ca so cua moi hoat dong la nhung viec lam cua
HS dual su huang ddn, gai ma cua thdy, c6 gido Sdch cung dua ra nhieu
hinh thuc hoat dong hap ddn, phii hap vai dgc (rung mon hoc nhu: thi
nghiem, quan sdt vdt that hay mo hinh, thdo lugn, thuc hdnh, nhdm phdt
huy tinh doc lap, tu gidc cua HS Dgc biet sdch rdt chu trong tai khdu thuc
hdnh trong bai hoc, dong thai cung chi ro timg hogt dong cu the cua GVvd
HS trong mot tien trinh DAY -HOC, coi day la hai hogt dong cung nhau
trong do cd HS va GV deu la chu the
Chung toi hi vong cuon sdch nay se la tai lieu tham khdo hiru ich, gop phan
ho tra cdc thdy, co gido dang true tiep gidng dgy mon Hod hoc 12 trong
viec ndng cao chdt luang bai gidng ciia minh Rdt mong nhdn duac y kien
dong gop cua cdc thdy, co gido va bgn doc gdn xa de cuon sdch duac hodn
thien han
CAC TAC GIA
Trang 7ON TAP DAU NAM
A MUC TIEU BAI HOC
1 K i l n thu'c
On tap he thong hod kien thirc ve:
• Su dien li, khai niem axit-baza, pH cua dung dich va phan ung trao d6i ion
trong dung dich dien U, nhom nita-photpho, nhom cacbon-silic
• Cac khai niem: Cong thiic va c4u true phan tu, danh phap cac hap chat hQu
ca, cac loai phan ung huu ca ca ban (phan ung the, phan ung cong, phan ung tach ), d6ng dSng, dong phan cau tao va dong phan lap the
• Ca che phan ung goc, co che phan ung cong, ca che phan ung tach
• Hi6u dugc m6i quan he giiia cau tao cua hop chat hiju ca vai nhimg tinh ch4t vat li, tinh chat hoa hoc
• Khic sau dugc nhung tinh chat vat li, tinh chat hoa hoc, biet nhiing ung dung va phuomg phap di8u che cac loai hop chat huu ca trong chuang trinh hoa hoc lop 11
• 'Khic sau nhung quy tSc, quy luat trong hoa hiju ca nhu: Quy tac
Mac-c6p-nhi-c6p, quy tac thS vao nhan tham, quy tac tach Zai-xep
D i chuan bi kiln thuc nghien cuu cac hop chat hiJu ca phuc tap han (hoa hoc 12)
2 KT nang
• Ren luyen ki nang dua vao ckn tao cua chat de suy ra tinh chat va ung
dung cua chat va ngugc lai tu tinh chat cua chat de du doan cau tao cua cac chat
• Bik van dung li thuyit hoa hoc de giai quyet mot so van de dan gian trong
dai s6ng, trong san xuat
• Phat trien ki nang tu hoc, biet lap bang tong ket kien thuc, biet each torn tat cac noi dung chinh trong bai, timg chuang
• Ren luyen ki nang giai bai tap xac dinh cong thuc phan tu cua hgp chat
Trang 83 Tinh cam, thai dp
• Thong qua viec ren luyen tu duy bien chung trong viec xet moi quan he nhan qua giiia cau tao va tinh chat cua chat, lam cho HS hung thii hoc tap
va yeu thich mon hoa hoc ban
• Ren thai do lam viec khoa hoc, nghiem tuc
B. C H U A N B! CUA GVVA HS
GV: May tinh, may chieu, he thong bai tap va cac cau hoi ggi y
HS: On tap cac kien thuc thong qua boat dong giai bai tap
C TI^N TRiNH DAY - HOC
GV to chuc cac nhom HS thao luan cac noi dung can on tap a lop 11 dual dang cac bai tap trac nghiem khach quan
2 Cho 9,6 gam Cu va 100ml dung dich hon hgp HNO3 1,5M + HCl 2M thi sinh
ra V lit NO (dktc) Gia tri cua V la
A 1,97 B 2,24 C 2,68 D 4,48
Ddp dn B
3 Bi6t Ka(CH3C00H) = 1,75.10"^ va Ka(HN02) = 4,0.10"^ N I U hai axit co
nong do bang nhau va a cung nhiet do, khi qua trinh dien li a trang thai can bang, danh gia nao sau day dung?
^- [H IcHjCOOH^ [H JHNO, B- [ H IcHjCOOH "^ [^ ] HNOj
C pH(CH3C00H)<pH(HN02) D [CH3COO"] > [NO2"]
Ddp dn B
4 Cho cac dung dich sau:
a) NH4HSO4 0,1Mb) NH4CI 0,1 M
Trang 95 Khi CO can hoac pha loang dung dich:
A Nong do moi cac chat ti le thuan vai the tich
B Nong do moi cac chat ti le nghich vai the tich
C Khoi lugng chat tan va khoi lugng dung dich khong thay doi
D Nong do cac chat khong thay doi
8 Do dien li a cua CH3COOH se thay doi nhu the nao khi nho vai gigt dung
dich NaOH vao dung dich axit axetic?
A Tang B Giam C Khong doi D Khong xac dinh
10 Xac dinh pH cua dung dich CH3COOH 0,01M?
A pH = 2,0 B p H > 2 , 0 C pH < 2,0 D Khong xac dinh
Ddp dn B
Trang 1011 Co cac dung dich dien li manh cung n6ng do moi: NaHCOs, NaOH, Na2C03, Ba(0H)2 Hay sap xep cac dung dich do theo chi6u pH cua dung dich tang dan?
A NaHC03 < NaOH < Ba(0H)2 < Na2C03
B NaHC03 < Na2C03 < Ba(0H)2 < NaOH
C NaHC03 < Na2C03 < NaOH = Ba(0H)2
D NaHC03 < Na2C03 < NaOH < Ba(0H)2
Ddp dn D
12 Co bao nhieu gam KCIO3 tach ra khoi dung dich khi lam lanh 350 gam dung dich KCIO3 bao hoa a 80°C xuong 20°C Biet do tan ciia KCIO3 a 80°C va 20°C Ian lugt la 40g/100g nuac va 8g/100g nuac
A 95 gam B 80 gam C 60 gam D 115 gam
Ddp dn B
13 Muoi nao sau day bi thuy phan?
A NH4CI B Ba(N03)2 C CaCl2 D MgS04
Ddp dn A
14 Chat nao sau day la luong tinh?
A NaHS04, Na2C03, CH3C00Na
B NaHS04, NaHC03,NaHS
C NaHC03, (NH4)2C03, CH3COONH4
D Zn(0H)2, AI2O3, Al
Ddp dn C
15 Mot duog dich c6 chua cac ion: Na"^: 0,1 moi; K"^: 0,05 moi; Ba^"^: 0,05 moi;
CI : 0,1 moi; N03~ : x moi Khoi lugng muoi co trong dung dich X la
A 23,95 gam B 18,25 gam C 42,00 gam D 36,25 gam
Ddp dn A
16 De bao quan dung dich muoi Fe2(S04)3 tranh bi thiiy phan, nguai ta thuong them vao do vai giot:
A Dung dich NaOH B Dung dich BaCb
C Dung dich NH3 D Dung dich H2SO4
Ddp dn D
Trang 1117 Ci 95°C CO 1877 g dung dich CUSO4 bao hoa Co bao nhieu gam CUSO4.5H2O
k8t tinh khi lam lanh dung dich xu6ng 25''C? Bik do tan cua CUSO4 a 95°C va
25*^0 lan lugt la 87,7g/100g H2O va 40g/100gH2O
A Sau khi tron, nong do moi chat tang len gap doi
B Sau khi trgn, nong do moi chat giam xuong ba lan
C Dung dich sau khi trgn khong xuat hien ket tua Pbl2
D Dung dich sau khi trgn co xuat hien ket tua Pbl2
Ddp dn C
Trang 12Hoat dong 2
NITO - PHOTPHO
1 Phan ung nao sau day chung to NO2 vua th6 hien tinh oxi hoa, vua the hien tinh khu?
A.N02 + S 0 2 - > SO3 + NO B 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O-> 4NO3
C 2NO2 + 0 3 - ^ N2O5 + O2 D 2NO2 + H2O ^ HNO2 + HNO3
Ddp dn D
2 Trong nhom Nita (VA), khi di tu nito d8n bitmut, phat biSu nao sau day diing?
A Do am dien cua cac nguyen to tang dan
B Ban kinh nguyen tu ciia cac nguyen to giam dan
C Bitmut the hien tinh kim loai troi ban tinh phi kim
D Asen the hien tinh kim loai trgi ban tinh phi kim
Ddp dn C
3 Trong cong nghiep khi nita dugc san xuat theo phuang phap nao sau day?
A Chung cat phan doan khong khi long
B Nhiet phan dung dich NH4NO2 bao hoa
C Dung photpho de dot chay oxi khong khi
D Cho khong khi di qua bgt dong nung nong
5 Thanh phan chinh co chua P cua quang Apatit la
A Ca3(P04)2 B.NH4H2PO4 C Ca(H2P04)2 D CaHP04
Ddp dn A
6 Cho phuang trinh hoa hoc ciia phan ung tong hgp amoniac
N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) < '°''" > 2NH3 (k)
10
Trang 13Khi tang nong do ciia hidro len 2 lin, t6c do phan ung thuan
A tang len 8 lan B tang len 6 lan
C tang len 2 lan D giam di 2 lan
Ddp dn A
7 Gia sii mot binh kin dung dich 8 lit g6m 2 ngan:
- Ngan thu nhat dimg 3 lit khi NH3 a ap suat 7atm
- Ngan thu hai dimg 5 lit HCl a ap suat 9atm
Neu cat mang ngan thi ap suat trong binh bang bao nhieu? Gia thilt nhiet do trong qua trinh thi nghiem la khong doi
A 3atm B 5atm C 16atm D 8atm
Ddp dn A
8 Khi thuc hien phan ung dot chay NH3 trong O2 co mat xac tac Pt a 850
-900 C, phan ung nao sau day xay ra?
A 4NH3 + 3O2 -> 2N2 + 6H2O B 4NH3 + 4O2 -^ 2 N 0 + N2 + 6H2O
C 4NH3 + 5O2 -^ 4 N 0 + 6H2O D 2NH3 + 2O2 -^ N2O + 3H2O
10 Kim loai Cu tan dugc trong dung dich nao sau day?
A dung dich NH3 B dung dich KNO3
C dung dich KNO3 + NH3 D dung dich KNO3 + HCl
Trang 1412 Nung 37,6 gam muoi nitrat cua kim loai M din khdi lugng khong d6i thu dugc
16 gam chat ran va h6n hgp khi X c6 ty kh6i so vai H2 bing 21,6 Cong thirc cua muoi nitrat la:
A Mg(N03)2 B AgN03 C Cu(N03)2 D Pb(N03)2
Ddp dn C
13 De dieu che HNO3 trong phong thi nghiem, cac hoa chat cAn sir dung la:
A Dung dich NaN03 va dung dich H2SO4 dac
B Tinh Xhk NaNOj va dung dich H2SO4 dac
C Dung dich NaN03 va dung dich HCl dac
D Tinh thg NaN03 va dung dich HCl dac
Ddp dn B
14 De nhan biet ion PO4"'- trong dung dich muoi, nguai ta thuong diing thuoc thir AgN03 bai vi:
A Phan img tao khi mau nau
B Phan img tao dung dich co mau vang
C Phan img tao ket tua c6 mau vang
D Phan img tao khi khong mau hoa nau trong khong khi
Ddp dn C
15 Co 4 dung dich rieng biet AICI3, ZnCl2, FeC^, CuCb Neu them dung dich KOH du roi them tiep dung dich NH3 du vao 4 dung dich tren thi so chat ket tua thu dugc la
A 4 B 3 C 2 D 1
Ddp dn D
16 Nung mot khoi lugng Cu(N03)2 sau mot thai gian dimg lai, lam ngugi, roi can thay khoi lugng giam 0,54 gam Vay khoi lugng Cu(N03)2 da bi nhiet phan la
A 0,54 gam B 0,74 gam C 0,94 gam D 0,47 gam
Ddp dn C
17 Mot binh kin dung tich 10 lit chira N2 va H2 theo ti le the tich 1:1a dieu kien 0°C va 20atm Sau khi tien hanh phan img tong hgp amoniac, dua binh v l 0^*0 hoi ap suat la bao nhieu? Biet c6 60% H2 da tham gia phan ung
12
Trang 15A-8atm B 16atm C 24atm D 12atm
Ddp dn B
18 Phan img nhiet phan khong dung la
A 2KNO3 — ^ 2KNO2 + O2 B NH4NO2 - ^ ^ N2 + 2H2O
C NH4CI - ^ NH3 + HCl D NaHC03 - ^ NaOH + CO2
Ddp dn D
19 Cho 0,1 moi P2O5 vao dung dich chua 0,35 moi KOH Dung dich thu dugc co cac chat:
A K3PO4, K2HPO4 B K2HPO4, KH2PO4
C K3PO4, KOH D H3PO4, KH2PO4
Ddp dn B
20 Nhiet phan hoan toan 34,65 gam hon hgp g6m KNO3 va Cu(N03)2 , thu dugc hon hgp khi X (ti khoi cua X so vai khi hidro bang 18,8) Kh6i lugng Cu(N03)2 trong hon hgp ban dau la
A 20,50 gam B 11,28 gam C 9,40 gam D 8,60 gam
Ddp dn C
Hogt dong 3
CACBON - SILIC
1 Phan ung nao sau day khong xay ra?
A CO2 + dung dich Na2C03 -^ B CO2 + C ^
C CO2 + CaC03 + H2O -^ D CO2 + H2O + BaS04 -^
3 Na2C03 lln tap chat NaHC03 Diing each nao sau day de loai bo tap chit thu
duac Na2C03 tinh khilt?
13
Trang 16A Hoa tan vao nuac roi Igc B Cho tac dung vai NaOH
C Cho tac dung vai HCl D Nung den khoi lugmg khong doi
A NaOH va H2SO4 dac B H2SO4 dac va NaOH
C H2SO4 dac va NaHC03 D NaHC03 va H2SO4 dac
Ddp dn D
6 Mot loai thuy tinh chira 13,0% da Na20, 11,7% CaO va 75,3% Si02 ve kh6i lugng Cong thiic cua loai thuy tinh nay bieu dien dual dang hgp chat cua cac oxit la
A 2Na20.Ca0.6Si02 B 2Na20.6CaO Si02
C Na20.Ca0.6Si02 D Na20.6CaO Si02
Ddp dn C
7 Phan img nao sau day sai?
A Si02 + 4HF -> SiF4 + 2H2O B Si02 + 4HC1 -^ SiCU + 2H2O
C Si02 + 2C - ^ Si + 2 C 0 D Si02 + 4Mg ^ ^ Si + 2MgO
A 0,1 moi NaHC03 va 0,2 moi Na2C03
B 0,1 moi NaHC03 va 0,1 moi Na2C03
14
Trang 17C 0,2 moi NaHC03 va 0,1 moi Na2C03
D 0,2 moi NaHC03 va 0,2 moi Na2C03
11 Nghien thuy tinh thuang thanh bot, roi cho vao nuac cat da c6 vai giot
phenolphtalein, thi nuac se co
A Mau tim B Mau xanh C Mau h6ng D Mau do
Ddp dn C
12 Phat bieu nao sau day diing?
A Sanh la vat lieu cung, go khong keu, co mau nau hoac xam
B Sii la vat lieu cung, xop, khong mau, go keu
C Xi mang la vat lieu khong ket dinh
D Thuy tinh, sanh, sii, xi mang deu co chiia mot so muoi silicat trong thanh phan cua chung
Ddp dn D
13 Phan ling nao sau day dimg de giai thich hien tugng tao thanh thach nhu trong cac hang dong tu nhien?
A CO2 + Ca(0H)2 -^ CaCOsi + H2O
B CaO + CO2 < » CaC03
C Ca(HC03)2 ^ - ^ CaC03i + C 0 2 t + H2O
D CaC03 + CO2 + H2O < = ^ Ca(HC03)2
Trang 1815 Cho hon hgp NaHC03, CaC03 tac dung hit dung dich HCl du Khi thi dugc cho tac dung hit vai dung dich Ba(0H)2 du thu dugc 1,97 gam kit tiia So moi ciia hon hgp hai muoi la
A 0,10 moi B 0,01 moi C 0,05 moi D 0,5 moi
Ddp dn B
16 Hoa tan hoan toan 4 gam hon hgp MCO3 va RCO3 vao dung dich HCl thay thoat ra V lit khi(dktc) Dung dich thu dugc dem co can thu dugc 5,1 gam muoi khan V c6 gia tri la
A 1,12 lit B 2,24 lit C 3,36 lit D 4,48 lit
Ddp dn B
17 Tac nhan chu yeu gay mua axit la
A S 0 2 v a N 0 2 B CH4vaNH3 C C 0 v a C H 4 D CO va CO2
Ddp dn A
18 Phan ling nao sau day khong xay ra?
A CO2 + dung dich Na2C03 -^ B CO2 + C ^
C CO2 + CaC03 + H2O -^ D CO2 + BaS04 + H2O -^
20 Cho vao 6ng nghiem l-2ml dung dich Na2Si03 dac Sue khi CO2 vao tan day
ong nghiem thay ket tua H2Si03 xuat hien :
A Dang tinh the B Dang keo
C Dang v6 dinh hinh D Dang long khong tan
Ddp dn B
Hogt dong 4
DAI CUONG VE HOA HOC HUU CO
1 Nhiing chat co thanh phin phan tir gi6ng nhau, nhung khac nhau ve cau tao, dan den tinh chat khac nhau ggi la:
Trang 19A Thii hinh B Dongvi C DSngphan D D6ng dang
4 D6ng phan la nhung chat:
A Co cimg phan tu khoi
B Co ciing cong thitc phan tu
C Co thanh phan phan tir ban kem nhau mot so nhom CH2
D Co cau tao hoa hgc giong nhau
7 Oxi hoa hoan toan m gam mot chat huu ca A bang CuO va cho hap thu toan
bg san pham khi va hai vao mot binh c6 chira 0,5 lit dung dich Ca(0H)2 0,1M thi thay kh6i lugng binh tang len 3,72 gam, co 4 gam kit tua va khii lugng CuO giam 1,92 gam Gia tn m la
A 1,5 gam B 1,8 gam C 3,6 gam D 3,0 gam
Ddp dn B
17
Trang 208 Ket luan nao sau day la diing?
A Phan ling ciia cac chit hiru ca thuang xay ra rdt nhanh
B Phan img cua cac chat hiiu ca thuang xay ra rdt cham va theo nhilu huang khac nhau
C Phan ling ciia cac chat hiiu ca thuang xay ra rdt cham va chi theo mot huang xac dinh
D Phan irng ciia cac chat hiru ca thuang xay ra nhanh va khong theo mot huang xac dinh
Ddp dn B
9 Dau mo la mot hon hgp nhieu hidrocacbon De co san pham nhu xang, dau hoa, mazut, trong nha may Igc dau da sir dung phuang phap tach nao?
A Chung cat thuang B Chung cat phan doan
C Chung cat a ap suat thlp D Chung cat loi cuon hai nuac
11 Phan tu nao sau day co cac nguyen tir cacbon nam tren cimg mot duang thang
A Propan B Butan C Propen D Propin
A C5H,2 B CsHio C.C5H8 D.C6H12
Ddp dn A
Trang 2114 Dot chay hoan toan 4,48 lit (dktc) CH4 sau do dan toan bo san phim chay vao binh dung nuac voi trong du thi khii lugng dung dich trong binh:
A Tang 6 gam B Giam 4 gam C Tang 4 gam D Giam 6 gam
Ddp dn B
15 Dot chay hoan toan 0,09 gam hgp chat chira C, H, O cho 0,132 gam CO2 va 0,054 gam H2O Ti khii hoi ciia chat nay so vai hidro bang 30 Cong thirc phan tir ciia hgp chit la
A C3H8O B C2H4O2 C C2H6O D C4H8O2
Ddp dn B
16 Chat nao sau day co nhiet do soi thap nhat?
A pentan B isopentan C neopentan D xiclopentan
Ddp dn C
17 Phan img clo hoa metan co mat anh sang xay ra theo ca chi nao?
A Ca che the goc B Co chi cong hgp
C Ca che the nucleophin D Ca che the electrophin
Ddp dn A
18 Butan C4H10 co the co cac dang dong phan nao sau day?
A Dong phan cau tao ve nhom chiic
B Dong phan cau tao ve mach cacbon
C Dong phan cau tao ve vi tri nhom chiic
D Dong phan hinh hoc
Ddp dn B
19 Phan ling ciia /er/-butylbromua vai H2O chay theo co che nao, biet mot so dir lieu thuc nghiem sau day:
(CH3)3CBr + H2O -> (CH3)3COH + HBr Thi nghiem
B S^42
[H2O]
0,01 0,01 0,02
Trang 2220 Cho biet cac chit sau day co ciu hinh R, S nhu thi nao?
CHO -OH
-H
H-
H OH -OH
Trang 235
Khi crackinh hoan toan mot thi tich ankan X thu dugc ba the tich hon hgp Y (cac the tich khi do a cimg dilu kien nhiet do va ap suit); ti khoi ciia Y so vai H2 bang 12 Cong thiic phan tir ciia X la
A.C5H,2 B.C3H8 C.C4H,o D C S H H
Ddp dn A
Hidrocacbon mach ha X trong phan tir chi chiia lien kit a va co hai nguyen tir cacbon bac ba trong mot phan tu Dit chay hoan toan 1 the tich X sinh ra 6 the tich CO2 (a ciing dilu kien nhiet do, ap suit) Khi cho X tac dung vai CI2 (theo ti le so moi 1 : 1), s6 dan xuit monoclo tli da sinh ra la
A 2-metylbutan B 2-metylpropan
C 2,2-dimetylpropan D etan
Ddp dn C
21
Trang 247 Khi cho ankan X (trong phan tir c6 phan tram khoi lugng cacbon bang 83,72%) tac dung vai clo theo ti le so moi 1:1 (trong dilu kien chilu sang) chi thu dugc 2 din xuit monoclo d6ng phan cua nhau Ten ciia X la
A 84,0 lit B 78,4 lit C 56,0 lit D 70,0 lit
A CH4 B C3H8 C C2H6 D C4H,o
Ddp dn B
22
Trang 25ot chay hoan toan hidrocacbon X bing mot lugng oxi vira dii San phim khi
va hai dugc din qua binh dung H2SO4 dac thi thi tich giam han mot nira X thuoc day dong ding nao?
A Ankan B Anken C Xicloankan D Ankin
Ddp an A
14 Khi clo hoa metan co anh sang khulch tan, nguai ta nhan thiy co mot lugng nho khi etan (C2H6) trong san phim each giai thich nao sau day dimg?
A Phan img xay ra theo ca chi cong ion
B Phan ling xay ra theo ca chi glc tu do
C Phan ling xay ra theo ca chi thi nucleophin
D Phan img xay ra theo ca chi thi electrophin
Ddp dn B
15 Cho cac phat bilu sau:
a) Cac nguyen tii cacbon trong phan tir butan nim tren mot duong thing
b) Trong phan ling thi ciia metan vai clo, san phim tao ra co ca etan
c) Phan tir xiclopropan de tham gia phan img thi ban la phan img cong
d) Co dang xen ke ciia etan bin ban ciu dang che khuit cua no
Co bao nhieu phat bilu diing?
A l B 2 C.3 D.4
Ddp dn B
16 Khi clo hoa hoan toan mot ancol A thu dugc din xuit B chira clo Bilt
MB - MA = 207 A la ankan nao sau day?
23
Trang 26A 110 lit B 55 lit C 165 lit D 80 lit
Ddp dn A
18 Trong so cac xicloankan c6 so cacbon tir C5 din Cg, vong nao la bin nhit?
A Xiclopentan B Xiclohexan C Xicloheptan D xiclooctan
20 Cho biet nhiet do soi ciia cac dan xuat clometan thay doi nhu the nao?
A CCI4 > CHCI3 > CH2CI2 > CH3CI
B CHCI3 > CCI4 > CH2Ci2 > CH3CI
C CHCI3 > CH2Cl2> CH3CI > CCI4
D CCI4 > CHCI3 > CH3CI > CH2CI2
Ddp dn A
Hogt dong 6
HIDROCACBON KHONG NO
1 Hidrat boa 2 anken chi tao thanh 2 ancol Hai anken do la
A 2-metylpropen va b u t - l - e n B eten va but-1 - e n
C propen va but-2-en D eten va but-2-en
Ddp dn D
2 H6n hgp gom hidrocacbon X va oxi co ti le s6 moi tuang ting la 1:10 Dot chay
hoan toan hon hgp tren thu dugc hon hgp khi Y Cho Y qua dung dich H2SO4 dac, thu dugc hon hgp khi Z c6 ti khii d6i voi hidro bing 19 Cong thiic phan tir cua X la
A C3H4 B C3H6 C.C4H8 D C3H8
Ddp dn C
24
Trang 273 Dan V lit (a dktc) h§n hgp X g6m axetilen va hidro di qua 6ng sii dung bgt niken nung nong, thu dugc khi Y Din Y vao lugng du AgN03 trong dung dich NH3 thu dugc 12 gam kit tua Khi di ra khoi dung dich phan ling vira dii vai 16 gam brom va con lai khi Z Dit chay hoan toan khi Z thu dugc 2,24 lit khi CO2 (a dktc) va 4,5 gam nuac Gia tri cua V bing
ti khoi so vai O2 la 0,5 Khii lugng binh dung dich brom tang la
A 1,20 gam B 1,04 gam C 1,64 gam D 1,32 gam
Ddp dn C
6 Ba hidrocacbon X, Y, Z la dong dang ke tiep, khoi lugng phan tir cua Z bang
2 lan khoi lugng phan tu cua X Cac chat X, Y, Z thuoc day dong dang
A ankan B ankadien C anken D ankin
Ddp dn C
7 Dot chay hoan toan 20,0 ml hon hgp X gim C3H6, CH4, CO (thi tich CO gip hai lin thi tich CH4), thu dugc 24,0 ml CO2 (cac the tich khi do a cimg dieu kien nhiet do va ap suit) Ti khoi cua X so vai khi hidro la:
A 25,8 B 12,9 C 22,2 D 11,1
Ddp dn B
8 Dot chay hoan toan hon hgp M g6m mot ankan X va mot ankin Y, thu dugc s6 moi CO2 bang s6 moi H2O Thanh phin phan tram so moi ciia X va Y trong hon hgp M lin lugt la
A 35%> va 65% B 75% va 25% C 20% va 80% D 50% va 50%
Ddp dn D
25
Trang 289 Cho cac chat xiclopropan, xiclobutan, 2-metylpropen, b u t - l - e n , cis-but-2-en, but-1-in Nhimg chit nao sau khi bi kbit boa hoan toan bai H2 cho cimg mot san pham
A 0,2 moi CO2 va 0,2 moi H2O B 0,1 moi CO2 va 0,1 moi H2O
C 0,15 moi CO2 va 0,15 moi H2O D 0,2 moi CO2 va 0,3 moi H2O
Ddp dn A
11 Mot hon hgp gom C2H2 va H2 co V = 13,44 lit (dktc) Cho hon hgp di qua Ni nung nong, phan ling hoan toan cho ra hon hgp Y gom ankan va H2 du Vy = 8,96 lit (dktc) Xac dinh thi tich C2H2 (Vi) va H2(V2) trong hon hgp
A V|=4,48 lit, V2=8,96 lit B Vi=l,12 lit, V2=12,32 lit
C V,=2,24 lit, V2=l 1,2 lit D V,=l 1,2 lit, V2=2,24 lit
Ddp dn C
12 Cho hon hgp X glm 0,02 moi C2H2 va 0,03mol H2 di qua bgt Ni, f Dan san
pham tir tir qua dung dich brom du, co 0,02 moi h6n hgp khi Z di ra khoi binh Ti khoi cua Z doi vai hidro bang 4,5 Khoi lugng binh brom tang:
A 0,4 gam B 0,58 gam C 0,62 gam D 0,76 gam
14 Cho sa do phan ling: n-hexan -^ xiclohexan 4- hidro
Biet nhiet tao thanh ciia n-hexan, xiclohexan va hidro lan lugt la 167kJ, 103kJ va 435,5kJ/mol Nhan dinh nao vl phan ling dong vong n-hexan la diing?
26
Trang 29A AH > 0
B AH < 0
C Nhiet do tang can bang boa hoc chuyin sang chieu thuan
D- Tat ca cac nhan dinh tren dIu sai
Ddp dn A
15 De dieu che dong dang ciia benzen, nguai ta sir dung phuang phap nao sau day?
A Phuang phap Duy Ma B Phuang phap Vuyec
C Phuang phap crackinh D Phuang phap Fridel-Craft
17 Dinh nghia nao sau day la dung: Ankadien la hgp chat
A CO cau tao gom hai lien ket doi
B hidrocacbon mach ha co hai lien ket doi lien hgp
C hidrocacbon mach ha co hai lien ket doi trong phan tir
D hidrocacbon co cong thiic chung la CnH2n-2
19 Quy tic Mac-c6p-nhi-c6p ap dung cho truang hgp nao sau day?
A Phan ling cong ciia Br2 vai anken doi xirng
B Phan img cong ciia Br2 vai anken bat doi xiing
C Phan ling cong cua HCl vai anken doi xiing
D Phan img cong ciia HCl vai anken bit dii xiing
£)dp dn D
27
Trang 3020 D6t chay mot lit hidrocacbon X can 6 lit O2 tao ra 4 lit khi CO2 N I U dem triing hgp tat ca cac dong phan mach ha ciia X thi so loai polime thu dugc la:
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5
Ddp dn C
Hogt dong 7
HIDROCACBON THOM, NGUON HIDROCACBON THIEN NHIEN,
HE THONG HOA VE HIDROCACBON
1 So dong phan hidrocacbon tham ling vai cong thirc phan tir CgHio la
A 4 B.3 C.2 D.5
Ddp dn A
2 Mot polime co khoi lugng phan tir 208000 d.v.C do 2000 mat xich lien ket
vai nhau Biet polime chi c6 hai nguyen to la C va H, vay monome tao ra polime la
A propilen B stiren C buta-l,3-dienD etilen
4 Chat khong tac dung vai dung dich KMn04 dun nong:
A Benzen B C2H4 C SO2 D Toluen
Ddp dn A
5 Dot chay hoan toan hon hgp hai hidrocacbon la dong dang ciia nhau, thu dugc
4,4 gam CO2 va 2,16 gam H2O Day dong dang cua hidrocacbon la:
A Ankan B Anken C Ankin D Aren
Ddp dn A
6 Trong cac chit: CH2=CH2, CH = C-CH3, CH2=CH-C = CH, CH2=CH-CH=CH2,
CH3-C = C-CH3, benzen, toluen So chat tac dung voi Ag20/NH3 la:
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
Ddp dn B
28
Trang 317 Trong cac chit CfiHsOH, CsHjCOOH, CsHe, C6H5CH3 chit kho thi brom
(3) o - CH3C6H4CH3 va m - CH3C6H4CH3
A 1-dong dang; 2 - d o n g phan; 3 - d i n xuit
B 1-dong dang; 2 - d a n xuat; 3-dong phan
C 1-dong phan; 2 - d o n g dang; 3 - d a n xuat
D l - d a n xuat; 2 - d o n g dang; 3-dong phan
29
Trang 32A Ham lugng luu huynh thap ban diu mo Trung Dong
B Nhieu n-ankan mach dai, de dong rin
C Nhieu hidrocacbon cacbon tham
D Nhieu ankan nhanh hem dau mo Trung Dong
Ddp dn A
13 De dieu che w-clonitrobenzen tir benzen ta thuc hien nhu sau:
A Halogen boa benzen roi nitro hoa san pham
B Nitro boa benzen roi clo boa san pham
C Nitro hoa benzen roi hidro hoa san pham
D Clo hoa benzen roi nitro hoa san pham
Ddp dn B
14 Thuoc thir nao sau day co the dung de nhan biet benzen, toluen, stiren dung trong ba binh mat nhan
A Dung dich brom B Dung dich AgN03/NH3
C Dung dich KMn04 D Dung dich HNO3
Ddp dn C
15 Hidrocacbon X a the long co phan tram khoi lugng H xip xi 7,7% X tac dung dugc vai dung dich brom Chat nao sau day la cong thiic phan tir ciia chit X?
A Axetilen B Vinylaxetylen C Benzen D Stiren
A Toluen B Etylbenzen C Naphtalen D Stiren
Ddp dn C
30
Trang 3318 Chon cau dung trong cac cau sau:
A Nha may "Igc diu" la nha may chi loc bo cac tap chit c6 trong dau mo
B Nha may "Igc dau" la nha may chi san xuat xang dau
C Nha may "Igc diu" la nha may chi biln diu mo thanh cac san pham khac nhau D- san pham ciia nha may "Igc diu" diu la chat long
Ddp dn C
19 Khi dun nong benzen vai hidro du c6 Ni hay Pt thi thu dugc san pham hiru ca
CO cong thiic phan tir la
DAN X U A T HALOGEN - ANCOL - PHENOL
1 X la mot ancol no, mach ha Dot chay hoan toan 0,05 moi X can 5,6 gam oxi, thu dugc hai nuac va 6,6 gam CO2 Cong thirc ciia X la
A C3H5(OH)3 B C3H7OH C C3H6(OH)2 D C2H4(OH)2
Ddp dn A
2 Day gom cac chat deu phan ling vai phenol la
A dung dich NaCl, dung dich NaOH, kim loai Na
B nuac brom, anhidrit axetic, dung dich NaOH
C nuac brom, andehit axetic, dung dich NaOH
D nuac brom, axit axetic, dung dich NaOH
Trang 34A C3H8O B C3H8O3 C C3H8O2 D C3H4O
Ddp dn A
1 Cho cac chat CO cong thiic cau tao nhu sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X);
HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH (Y); HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z);
Trang 35A w-metylphenol va o-metylphenol B benzyl bromua va o-bromtoluen
C o-bromtoluen va /?-bromtoluen D o-metylphenol va ;7-metylphenoI
Ddp dn D
t)un nong hon hgp gom hai ancol don chiic, mach ha, k l tilp nhau trong day dong ding vai H2SO4 dac a 140°C Sau khi cac phan ling kit thuc, thu dugc 6 gam hon hgp gom ba ete va 1,8 gam nuac Cong thiic phan tir ciia hai ancol tren la
A CH3OH va C2H5OH B C2H5OH va C3H7OH
C C3H5OH va C4H7OH D C3H7OH va C4H9OH
Ddp dn A
12 Khi dun nong hon hgp ancol gim CH3OH va C2H5OH (xuc tac H2SO4 dac, a
140 C) thi so ete thu dugc toi da la
A 1 B 3 C 4 D 2
Ddp dn B
13 IGii phan tich thanh phin mot ancol dan chiic X thi thu dugc kit qua: tong khoi lugng cua cacbon va hidro gip 3,625 lin kbli lugng oxi So dong phan ancol irng voi cong thiic phan tir ciia X la
A 2 B.3 C.4 D l
Ddp dn C
14 Dot chay hoan toan mot ancol da chirc, mach hof X, thu dugc H2O va CO2 vai
ti le so moi tuang img la 3:2 Cong thirc phan tir cua X la
A C2H6O2 B C2H6O C C4H10O2 D C3H8O2
Ddp dn A
15 Anh huang ciia nhom - O H din glc CeHs- trong phan tir phenol thi hien qua phan ling giira phenol vai
A dung dich NaOH B Na kim loai
C nuac Br2 D H2 (Ni, nung nong)
Ddp dn C
16 Dun nong mot ancol don chiic X vai dung dich H2SO4 dac trong dieu kien nhiet do thich hgp sinh ra chit hihi ca Y, ti khoi hai cua X so vai Y la 1,6428 Cong thiic phan tir ciia X la
33
Trang 36A C3H8O B C2H6O C.CH4O D C4H8O
A 5 B 6 C.3 D 4
Ddp dn A
19 Dun nong m gam ancol X vai hon hgp (lay du) NaBr va H2SO4 dac, thu dugc 24,6 gam chat Y Hieu suat phan img dat 60%) Ket qua phan tich chat Y chiia 29,27%C, 5,69%H va 65,04%Br Cong thiic phan tir ciia X va gia tri m la
A C2H6O va 16 gam B C4H8O va 32 gam
C C4HioOva24gam D C3H8O va 20 gam
Ddp dn D
20 Trong so cac dong phan ciia penten c6 toi da bao nhieu dong phan hgp nuac
CO xiic tac phii hgp tao thanh dugc ancol bac 3
A 3 B 2 C 1 D 4
Ddp dn B
Hogt dong 9
ANDEHIT - XETON - AXIT CACBOXYLIC
1 De trung boa 6,72 gam mot axit cacboxylic Y (no, don chiic), cin dung 200 gam dung dich NaOH 2,24% Cong thiic ciia Y la
A C2H5COOH B HCOOH C C3H7COOH D CH3COOH
Trang 37A 15,20 B 6,48 C 8,10 D 10,12
£>dp dn B
Cho 0,1 moi andehit X tac dung voi lugng du AgN03 trong dung dich NH3, dun nong thu dugc 43,2 gam Ag Hidro hoa X thu dugc Y, bilt 0,1 moi Y phan img vira du vai 4,6 gam Na Cong thuc ciu tao thu ggn ciia X la
A 9,2 B 7,8 C 7,4 D 8,8
Dc'tp dn A
Day gom cac chit dugc xIp theo chieu nhiet do soi tang dan tir trai sang phai la:
A CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH
B CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH
C C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH
D C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH
Ddp an D
35
Trang 388 Cho 3,6 gam andehit don chirc X phan ling hoan toan vai mot lugng du AgN03 trong dung dich NH3 dun nong, thu dugc m gam Ag Hoa tan hoan toan m gam Ag bang dung dich HNO3 dac, sinh ra 2,24 lit NO2 (san phim khir duy nhat, a dktc) Cong thiic cua X la
A C3H7CHO B C4H9CHO C HCHO D C2H5CHO
Ddp dn A
9 Trung hoa 5,48 gam hon hgp gom axit axetic, phenol va axit benzoic, can dung 600 ml dung dich NaOH 0,1M Co can dung dich sau phan img, thu dugc hon hgp chat ran khan c6 khoi lugng la
A 4,90 gam B 6,84 gam C 8,64 gam D 6,80 gam
Ddp dn D
10 Oxi boa ancol don chiic X bang CuO (dun nong), sinh ra mot san pham hiru
ca duy nhat la xeton Y (ti khoi hai ciia Y so vai khi hidro bang 29) Cong thirc cau tao ciia X la
A HCHO B (CH0)2 C CH3CHO D C2H5CHO
Trang 3914 Cho cac chit sau: CH3-CH2-CHO(l), CH2=CH-CHO(2), (CH3)2CH-CHO
^^^2=CH-CH2-OH (4) Nhiing chit phan ling hoan toan vai lugng du H2 (Ni, t ) ciing tao ra mot san phim la :
^ • ( 1 ) ' ( 2 X ( 3 ) B.(l),(2),(4) C-(2), (3), (4) D.(l),(3),(4)
Ddp dn B
15 Cho hon hgp gim 0,1 moi HCHO va 0,1 moi HCOOH tac dung vai lugng du AgN03 trong dung dich NH3, dun nong Sau khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan, khoi lugng Ag tao thanh la
A 76,6% B 80,0%
C 65,5% D 70,4%
Ddp dn B
19 Phat bieu nao sau day khong diing vl andehit?
A Cac andehit a dieu kien thuang la nhimg chit long
37
Trang 40B Vira c6 tinh oxi boa vira co tinh khir trong cac phan ling boa hgc
C Tao lien ket hidro vai nuac nen cac andehit c6 s6 nguyen tir cacbon it tan dugc trong nuac
D Dung dich chiia khoang 40%o CH2O trong nuac ggi la fomon hay fomalin
Ddp dn A
20 Tach nuac tir ancol c6 cong thirc phan tir C4H10O dugc 2 anken (khong ke dong phan hinh hoc) Cho hai ancol nay qua CuO dot nong thu dugc san pham hiru ca chinh la