Enhancing the Employability of IT Graduates in Vietnam

Producing graduates with employmentready skills is important and challenging to any university and college. Graduates employment rate has become a critical quality indicator of most HEIs. Every graduate is unique in terms of experience, knowledge, skills, attitude and job opportunities. The ability of a graduate to become employed is varying. En Producing graduates with employmentready skills is important and challenging to any university and college. Graduates employment rate has become a critical quality indicator of most HEIs. Every graduate is unique in terms of experience, knowledge, skills, attitude and job opportunities. The ability of a graduate to become employed is varying. En

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School of ManagementAsian Institute of Technology

R E S E A R C H P R E S E N T A T I O N

Enhancing the Employability

of IT Graduates in Vietnam

by Phan Vo Minh Thang

HOA SEN RESEARCH SEMINAR

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Biography

(Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand)

(HCM University of Education, Vietnam)

IT lecturer ~14 years

IT training business administration ~7 years

IT pedagogical methodology ~ 3 years

Microsoft certified trainer ~6 years

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Introduction

Contents

Literature review Methodology

Data analysis and results Main findings and discussions Comments and responses

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Background

Producing graduates with employment-ready

skills is important and challenging to any

university and college.

critical quality indicator of most HEIs.

Every graduate is unique in terms of

experience, knowledge, skills, attitude and

job opportunities.

employed is varying.

Introduction

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Research rationale

Vietnamese education system had a

big jump in quantity.

The mismatch of the higher education

curriculum and the labor market is

continuing to be under debated

increasing, especially to people with

higher education level.

Introduction

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The unemployment rate in Vietnam

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Research questions

What is the possible determinant of IT

graduates’ employability ?

influence on graduates’ employability?

Introduction

M A J O R Q U E S T I O N S :

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Research objectives

To explore different determinants of IT

graduate’s employability in Vietnam

To evaluate the influences of those

determinants on the employability

systematically

Introduction

M A J O R O B J E C T I V E S :

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Research scope

Only concern about the ability of

graduates to get their first jobs.

Only concentrate on the factors that

were influenced by IT graduates and

institutions.

Only fresh IT graduates in Vietnam

were studied.

Introduction

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Having the capability to gain initial

employment, maintain employment and

obtain new employment if required

( Hillage & Pollard, 1998 ).

The ability to keep the job one has or to get

the job on desires ( Rothwell & Arnold, 2007 ).

The most immediate and relevant aspects to

graduates employability are finding a job

and becoming employed ( Nilsson, 2010 )

Therefore, this study considered employability

as the ability of graduates to get their first

jobs.

Defining employability

Literature review

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career management skills

job search skills

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Strategies to enhance employability

The role of prior learning assessment and

portfolios ( Romaniuk & Snart, 2000 )

Portfolios, working experience,

entrepreneurship modules and careers

advice ( Knight & Yorke, 2003 )

Updating curriculum, spending time for

doing internship ( Lyons, 2003; Ehiyazaryan

& Barraclough, 2009; Nilsson, 2010 ).

There are significant positive relationships

between internships, GPA and jobs

opportunities ( Fang & Lee, 2005 )

Literature review

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Data collection

METHODOLOGY

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to give quantitative explanations for the

relationships and the influencing levels among constructs

Methodology

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D5- Job Seeking Efforts

x11- Job Seeking Efforts

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X9 Adaptability

Skills

One’s ability to learn and adapt in a high-tech organizational environment (i.e., “learning self-efficacy”) ( Potosky & Ramakrishna, 2002 )

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Data collection

Population: all recent IT graduates

Sample: multi-stage sampling method

self-administered online survey system

hard-copied of survey questionnaire

(for testing only)

Contact info, personalized email,

reminding email.

Methodology

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Data profiling

Preliminary assessment

Exploratory factor analysis

Confirmatory factor analysis

Structural path analysis

DATA ANALYSIS & RESULTS

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Data profiling

Participant demographics

Sample (N=512) Sub-sample* (N=449)

Number of participants Percent

Academic qualification

Diploma certificate 10 2.0 10 2.2 College degree 43 8.4 38 8.5 University degree 453 88.4 398 88.6 Postgraduate degree 6 1.2 3 0.7

Data Analysis & Results

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Data profiling

Participant demographics

Sample (N=512) Sub-sample*(N=449)

Number of participants Percent

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Preliminary assessment

2 English Skills (4 items; α=.91)

3 Working Readiness (5 items; α=.91)

4 Employability (6 items; α=.90)

6 Soft Skills (5 items; α=.88)

7 Social Experience (2 items; α=.83)

8 Adaptability Skills (5 items; α=.76)

9 Job Seeking Efforts (4 items; α=.72)

10 Social Relationships (3 items; α=.69)

11 Work Experience (4 items; α=.65)

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Exploratory factor analysis

Sample size (N=512)

Bartlett’s test of sphericity (p=0.000)

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling

adequacy (KMO=0.89)

Promax rotation and principal axis factoring

extraction method

Ten factors explained more than 64% of total

variation in the data set

Curriculum Fitness + Program Reputation

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Confirmatory factor analysis

Measurement model (M1)

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Structural Path Analysis

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Structural Path Analysis Results

Hypothesized structural model (M3)

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Multi-group moderation analysis

Average and good

Excellent and outstanding

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Main findings

Practical implications

Originality & other values

Limitations & future directions

MAIN FINDINGS & DISCUSSIONS

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Main findings

to be significantly relied on:

Graduates’ English language skills,

Soft skills,

Adaptability skills,

The quality of the institution’s program,

Graduates’ job seeking efforts

These factors effect duration of job search

indirectly through employability.

Main findings and implications

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Main findings

Employability significantly impacted on the

time it took for a graduate to find a job and

partially mediated the relationship between

job seeking efforts and duration to get jobs

Work experience and internationally certified

competencies had significant effects on job

search duration directly They made the job

search duration shorter.

Job seeking efforts made the job search

duration longer

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Practical implications

skill sets as valuable signals of employability

areas:

(a high GPA and a double major appears to be less reliable)

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Practical implications

HEIs

enrollments.

ties with employers.

environment.

Transform the traditional pedagogical

approaches to modern models like

learner-centered teaching, active learning, etc.

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Originality & other values

relationships among the employability, the job search duration and their key predictors from different aspects.

research concepts

improvable areas of employability

enhancement.

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Limitations & Future directions

Only determinants from individual and

institutional aspects were considered

Political status, the economic climate,

employer demands, or technology trends should be considered in future research

The sample was limited to one profession in

one country.

Replicated studies should be expanded into

other professions and other countries as well

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