Sợi quang tinh thể có lõi chiết suất cao

Sợi quang tinh thể có lõi chiết suất cao

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PCF, photonic crystal fiber, is a new kind of optical fiber created basing on WKH QRWLRQ WKDW 3& FDQ FRQVWUDLQ WKH OLJKW ZLWKLQ WKH ILEHU¶V FRUH ZKLFK PD\ EHimpossible for conventional fiber Basically, a PCF is a photosynthetic fiber composing of silica with air holes parallel to its axles Unlike conventional fiber, the core and cladding areas of PCFs are made of the same material and it is the air holes that make PCF totally different from other kind of fiber The variety in the way these air holes are arranged enables PCF to control well the reflection of light between its core and optical crystals within cladding areas and bring about many amazing optical properties as well Besides the basic properties similar to conventional fiber, PCF possesses a number of distinguished ones such as better speed, bandwidth, and ability to be bent, low level of dispersion, etc Also, PCF can

be in endlesslly single mode, be linear or not, having low differential index, and be able to maintain the polarization All of these superiorities make PCF the potential substitute for conventional fibers today At the moment, PCF can be produced with great length and at low depreciation levels

There are two main types of PCF: high-index core fiber and low-index core fiber In this project, I will focus primarily on high-index core fiber, the one our group has done a lot of research on, reproduced and designed using APSS program.This kind of PCF often has solid core and is composed of pure, not mixed materials The degree of reflection for conventional fiber is affected by various ordering PDQQHUVRIDLUKROHVHLWKHUDFFRUGLQJWRDFHUWDLQIRUPKH[DJRQDORFWDJRQDO« RU

a certain direction (one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional) The difference in the way air holes are ordered creates the differences in the properties

of each kind of fibers A reasonable way of ordering them can produce a PCF with excellent properties Some samples of PCF with air holes arranged into hexagonal form were imitated in this project (please refer to Reproducing part for more details)

LӠ,1Ï,ĈҪU 1

7Ï07Ҳ7ĈӖ È1 2

ABSTRACT 4

MӨC LӨC 5

'$1+6È&++Î1+9Ӏ 8

'$1+6È&+%ҦNG BIӆU 10

'$1+6È&+&È&7Ӯ VIӂT TҲT 11

PHҪN MӢ ĈҪU 12

CHѬѪNG 1 - Lé7+8<ӂT TӘNG QUAN Vӄ SӦI QUANG 13

1.1 Nhu cҫXEăQJWK{QJUӝng hiӋn nay 13

1.2 Giӟi thiӋu chung vӅ sӧi quang 15

1.2.1 Lӏch sӱ SKiWWULӇn sӧi quang 16

ѬXÿLӇm cӫa sӧi quang 17

1.3 Sӵ truyӅQVyQJiQKViQJWURQJVӧi quang 19

1JX\rQOêWUX\Ӆn dүn 20

1.3.2 SӧLTXDQJYjFiFPRGHWUX\Ӆn dүn 21

&iFSKѭѫQJWUuQK0D[ZHOO 23

&iFSKѭѫQJWUuQKGүQVyQJ 24

6X\KDRYjFiFQJX\rQQKkQJk\VX\KDRWURQJVӧi quang 24

1.4.1: Suy hao hҩp thө 24

1.4.1.1 Sӵ hҩp thө cӫDFiFWҥp chҩt kim loҥi 24

1.4.1.2 Sӵ hҩp thө cӫa ion OH: 25

1.4.1.3 Sӵ hҩp thө bҵng tia cӵFWtPYjKӗng ngoҥi: 26

1.4.2 Suy hao do uӕn cong 26

6X\KDRGRWiQ[ҥ 26

7iQ[ҥ Rayleigh: 26

7iQ[ҥ do mһWSKkQFiFKJLӳDO}LYjOӟSNK{QJ KRjQKҧo 27

7iQVҳc trong sӧi quang 28

1.5.1 HiӋQWѭӧQJQJX\rQQKkQYjҧQKKѭӣng cӫDWiQVҳc 28

&iFORҥLWiQVҳc 29

7iQVҳc vұt liӋu (material dispersion) 30

1.6.1 SӧLÿѫQPRGH606LQJOH0RGH 32

1.6.2 SӧLÿDPRGH000XOWL0RGH 33

7¬,/,ӊU THAM KHҦ2&+ѬѪ1* 35

CHѬѪNG 2 - SӦI QUANG TINH THӆ (PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER) 36

2.1 Giӟi thiӋu sӧi quang tinh thӇ PCF 36

ĈӏQKQJKƭD 36

2.1.2 Lӏch sӱ 37

3KkQORҥLYjWtQKFKҩt mӟi cӫa PCFs 42

3KkQORҥi 42

2.2.2 Mӝt sӕ WtQKFKҩt mӟi cӫa PCFs 43

27tQKFKҩt cӫa sӧi quang tinh thӇ FyO}LFKLӃt suҩt cao 44

7tQKFKҩt cӫa sӧi quang tinh thӇ FyO}LFKLӃt suҩt cao vӟLFiFOӛ NKtVҳp xӃSFy cҩXWU~F 46

ĈѭӡQJÿһFWtQKGȁ 47

7tQKFKҩWQJѭӥng 49

2.3.1.3 Suy hao do uӕn cong cӫa PCFs l}LFKLӃt suҩt cao 53

7iQVҳc 55

7¬,/,ӊU THAM KHҦ2&+ѬѪ1* 57

CHѬѪNG 3 - PHҪN Mӄ00Ð3+ӒNG APSS 58

(APOLLO PHOTONIC SOLUTIONS SUITE) 58

3.1 Giӟi thiӋXFiFѭXÿLӇm cӫa phҫn mӅPP{SKӓngAPSS 58

&iFWtQKQăQJFKtQKFӫD$366SKLrQEҧn 2.04 59

3.2.1 ChӭFQăQJQәi bұt cӫD$366SKLrQEҧn 2.04 59

3.2.2 ChӭFQăQJKѫQKҷn cӫa APSS 60

3.3 ThiӃt kӃ vӟi APSS 61

3.3.1 Khӣi tҥo project vұt liӋu 62

3.3.2 Khӣi tҥo project waveguide 64

3.3.3 Chҥ\P{SKӓng 68

4XiWUuQKFKҥ\P{SKӓng 73

3.4 KӃt quҧ P{SKӓng 74

3.4.1 Phә iQKViQJ 74

Ĉӝ WiQVҳc 77

CHѬѪNG 4 - THIӂT Kӂ SӦ,3&)V/®,&+,ӂT SUҨ7&$2&Ï&È&/Ӛ +Ë

SҲP XӂP THEO CҨ875Ò&/Ө&*,È& 81

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4.1.2 &iFNӃt quҧ P{SKӓng 84

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4.1.2.3 Phә iQKViQJ 85

4.2 Mүu 2 87

+uQKGҥQJNtFKWKѭӟc 87

&iFNӃt quҧ P{SKӓng 88

ĈѭӡQJWiQVҳc 88

4.2.2.2 DiӋQWtFKKLӋu dөng 89

4.2.2.3 Phә iQKViQJ 89

4.3 Mүu 3 91

+uQKGҥQJNtFKWKѭӟc 91

&iFNӃt quҧ P{SKӓng 92

ĈѭӡQJWiQVҳc 92

4.3.2.2 DiӋQWtFKKLӋu dөng 93

4.3.2.3 Phә iQKViQJ 93

6RViQKFiFPүu 95

6RViQKGLӋQWtFKKLӋu dөng 95

6RViQKÿһFWtQKWiQVҳc 95

PHӨ LӨC 96

PHӨ LӨC1 97

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+uQK&iFORҥLWiQVҳF 30

+uQK7iQVҳFFKҩWOLӋXG mod ...

27tQKFKҩt cӫa sӧi quang tinh thӇ FyO}LFKLӃt suҩt cao 44

7tQKFKҩt cӫa sӧi quang tinh thӇ FyO}LFKLӃt suҩt cao vӟLFiFOӛ NKtVҳp xӃSFy cҩXWU~F... KHҦ2&+ѬѪ1* 35

CHѬѪNG - SӦI QUANG TINH THӆ (PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER) 36

2.1 Giӟi thiӋu sӧi quang tinh thӇ PCF 36

ĈӏQKQJKƭD... SӦI QUANG 13

1.1 Nhu cҫXEăQJWK{QJUӝng hiӋn 13

1.2 Giӟi thiӋu chung vӅ sӧi quang 15

1.2.1 Lӏch sӱ SKiWWULӇn sӧi quang