Mô hình thị trường điện và vấn đề cải cách thị trường điện việt nam

Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam ERAV Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam Contents Section 1 - Vietnam power sector overview Section 2 - Power sector development s

Trang 1

Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam

POWER MARKET DEVELOPMENTS

IN VIETNAM

18 October, 2010

Trang 2

Electricity Regulatory

Authority of Vietnam

ERAV

Authority of Vietnam Contents

Section 1 - Vietnam power sector overview

Section 2 - Power sector development strategies Section 3: Competitiveness and affordability

2

Trang 3

ERAV

Authority of Vietnam 1.1 Existing National Grid

As at 2009

1 Generation Capacity: 18,268 MW Generation: 84,750 GWh Consumption: 74,761 GWh

• Coal and oil thermal: 20.9% 3,812 MW

• Gas turbine (CCGT): 36.9% 6,747 MW

• Diesel and small hydro: 2.6% 461 MW

• Import from China: 3.8% 700 MW

2 Total length of lines:

• 500 kV: 3,410 km 8,814 MVA

• 220 kV: 5,602 km 15,440 MVA

• 110 kV: 12,448 km 21,314 MVA

• 6-35 kV: 135,371 km 39,804 MVA

• LV: 240,424 km

3

Section 1: Power sector overview

Trang 4

ERAV

Authority of Vietnam 1.2 Supply and Demand

4

Consumption growth rate: 14%/year Installed capacity growth rate: 12%/year

21526 23484

26457

30423

35715

40590

46226

51854

58781

66612 74197

17725 19592

22397

25752

30228

34835

39596.2

44860.1

51295.5

58438.2

65880

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000

Import from China Diesel and small hydro

Gas turbine

Oil

Coal

Hydro Electricity sale,

GWh

Capacity, generation and consumption from 1998-2009

Generated, GWh

Section 1: Power sector overview

90000 35,000

74761 84750

2009

Trang 5

ERAV

Total installed capacity planned to 2020

- Growth rate: 15% (based case), Total capacity/Peak demand:

2010 : 21,400 / 16,000 (MW).

2015 : 55,500 / 29,500 (MW).

2020 : 107,300 / 54,400 (MW).

- Additional generation: 40,000 MW in 2009-2015; 52,000 MW in 2016- 2020

0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

MW

Import Small hydro and renewable energy Gas turbine and oil

Coal Hydro and pump storage Pmax

5

1.3 Power Development Plan (Master Plan 6) Section 1: Power sector overview

Trang 6

ERAV

Current power sector structure: Vertically integrated

EVN is holding company for:

• Generation: equitized (EVN holds majority) or subsidiary power

plants account for 68% of installed capacity

• Scheduling and dispatching: dependent accounting unit

• Transmission: dependent accounting unit

• Distribution: 5 independent accounting companies

6

Power Compani es (5 PCs)

National Power Transmiss ion Corporati

on (NPT)

National Power Transmiss ion Corporati

on (NPT)

National Load Dispatch Center (NLDC)

BOTs and IPPs (32%)

Power plants under EVN (68%)

Electric Power Trading Company (EPTC)

EVN

RETAIL

TRANSMISSION, SCHEDULING AND DISPATCHING

1.4 Industry Structure Section 1: Power sector overview

Trang 7

ERAV

• Generation not keeping up with rapidly growing demand (~14% per annual).

• Reasons:

− Required investment in power sector, especially for generation, is far beyond EVN financial resource

− Electricity pricing is not transparent and not reflecting costs; low prices unattractive for investors

− The current vertically integrated structure cannot ensure generation investors confidence in a fair and efficient trading environment, fair and non discriminatory access to the grid, dispatch

− Lack of clear mechanism for PPAs leads to delays and inefficiencies in negotiations and pricing, and lack of clear mechanisms for other

generation investors PPAs to sell to EVN

7

1.5 Challenges Section 1: Power sector overview

Trang 8

ERAV

Section 1 - Vietnam power sector overview

Section 2 - Power sector development strategies

Section 3: Competitiveness and affordability

8

Trang 9

ERAV

1 Electricity Law (2005) stipulates:

− Diversification in power sector investments, allowing participation of all economic sectors

− Introduction of power market, step-by-step development of competitive generation, wholesale competitive, and retail competitive markets

2 Power sector administration:

− Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT) is the sector’s policy maker

− Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam (ERAV): Established in 10/2005 as an entity under MOIT, to conduct:

Development and regulation of power markets

Economic regulation (electricity pricing)

Monitoring supply/demand balance to promote security, efficiency

and conservation

Licensing and Dispute resolution

ERAV is the first and only infrastructure dedicated economic

regulator in Vietnam

9

2.1 Legal Framework Section 2 - Sector development strategies

Trang 10

ERAV

Competitive Generation

Market (VCGM)

Competitive Generation

Market (VCGM)

Electricity Wholesale Market Electricity Retail Market

Pilot Operation

Full Operation

Pilot Operation

Full Operation

Pilot Operation

Full Operation

The preparation for the Competitive Power Market (CGM) is now in

progress and conducted by ERAV

2.2 Power Market Development Roadmap Section 2 - Sector development strategies

Trang 11

ERAV

• A cost-based pool (CBP) design has been selected as providing the best balance between the objectives of:

o attracting investments

o assuring power supplies and retail tariff stability

o increasing competition and transparency in the power market

o the CBP design draws on the experience of EVN’s pilot power market

• A single buyer (part of EVN) purchases all generation

• The CBP comprises a gross pool, with hourly clearing and day-ahead bidding Major features are:

o thermal generators are subject to a bid cap equal to variable costs

o hydro generators are subject to a bid cap in a range around their water value (calculated by the system and market operator, SMO)

o a market-clearing price (system marginal price, SMP) is set on an ex-post basis using an unconstrained schedule

o contracts for differences are used, initially covering up to 90% of expected output, to stabilise prices for generators and customers

11

2.3 VCGM design Section 2 - Sector development strategies

Trang 12

ERAV

Authority of Vietnam 2.4 VCGM structure

Section 2 - Sector development strategies

Trang 13

ERAV

PARTICIPANTS

NON-PARTICIPANTS

SERVICE PROVIDERS

MDMSP

SMO

TNO

Non-BOT TPPs HPPs

SMHPs

FSR/CSR/

RMR

INDIRECT TRADING GENERATORS DIRECT TRADING GENERATORS

Exports

BOTs Imports

SPPs (<30 MW)

SINGLE BUYER (Electricity Power Trading

Company)

SINGLE BUYER (Electricity Power Trading

Company)

PCs Customers

2.5 VCGM participants Section 2 - Sector development strategies

Trang 14

ERAV

in the schedule plus a margin, in each daylight hour

o the payment is calculated to cover the fixed costs of a new thermal generator that are not recovered from the energy market

which determine sites, size and fuel for new generators

o ERAV is responsible for advising on updates to the master plan and for approving ranges for generation prices to be negotiated by the single buyer

PPAs covering all output Existing PPAs are not affected by the CGM

2.6 Investment and cost recovery in VCGM Section 2 - Sector development strategies

Trang 15

ERAV

15

2.7 VCGM implementation plan Section 2 - Sector development strategies

to a number of independent generation companies and none of them owning more than 25% of total generation capacity.

operated

o test the market mechanisms, market rules and procedures

o identify and provide remedies to deficiencies

o test the market infrastructure and market systems prior to implementing the full market

o create an environment for members to learn, practise and develop their skills for participation in the competitive market

VCGM starting late-2011

Trang 16

ERAV

Section 1 - Vietnam power sector overview Section 2 - Power sector development strategies

Section 3: Competitiveness and affordability

16

Trang 17

ERAV

Authority of Vietnam 3.1 Tariff Reforms

- a uniform national residential tariff, with PCs paying different

bulk supply tariffs (BSTs) according to their costs of service

- maintaining affordability of tariffs for smaller residential

customers through cross-subsidies

- increase in average tariff levels of 8.92% (to 5.5 USc/kWh)

- harmonisation of residential tariffs for customers served by

PCs and by local distribution utilities (LDUs) in rural areas

- revisions to the rising block structure for residential tariffs with

the first block (up to 50 kWh) being charged a tariff set at 60-65% of the average rate

- gradual elimination of cross-subsidies over 5-6 years, by

increasing industrial and commercial tariffs more slowly than residential tariffs

- tariffs are revised annually reflecting changes in the cost

chain elements The proposal for 2010 has been submitted to the Government for review and approval

17

Trang 18

ERAV

Authority of Vietnam 3.2 Market-Based Competitive Pricing

transparency in generation pricing

reforms are planned to increase competitiveness

- industrial and commercial tariffs will become a cap, with PCs being able to negotiate lower tariffs

- the current cross-subsidy for households in the first consumption block will be converted into a rebate on electricity bills

- the national uniform tariff may be limited to residential customers only It will continue to be applied through a differential Bulk Supply Tariff charged from the single buyer to PCs

- the automatic indexation of tariffs to changing costs is being considered

Trang 19

Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam

19

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!!

Định dạng
Số trang	19
Dung lượng	552,51 KB