Vietnam signed United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on 11 June 1992 and ratified it on 16 November 1994. Viet Nam also signed Kyoto Protocol (KP) on 03 December 1998 and ratified it on 25 September 2002. Vietnam is not required to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emission but to implement some common obligations, such as preparing its National Communications, carrying out GHG inventory, developing and assessing GHG mitigation and climate change adaptation options.
Trang 1NATIONAL GHGI IN
AGRICULTURE AND LULUCF
Pham Manh Cuong - VNFOREST/MARD
Hoang Manh Hoa – DHMCC/MONRE
General Information
ü Vietnam signed United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC) on 11 June 1992 and ratified it
on 16 November 1994 Viet Nam also signed Kyoto Protocol
(KP) on 03 December 1998 and ratified it on 25 September
2002
ü Vietnam is not required to reduce
emission but to implement some
common obligations, such as
Communications, carrying out
GHG inventory, developing and
assessing GHG mitigation and
climate change adaptation
options
development of the 2ndNational
UNFCCC and submitted it to
the UNFCCC Secretariat at
the COP 16
ü It provides information on the
national GHG inventory in
2000, analyses and assesses
impacts of climate change, and
recommends a number of
feasible options for the
adaptation to climate change
and the mitigation of GHG
emission in some major
economic sectors in the near
General Information
National GHG Inventory System
Institutional arrangement for national GHG Inventory
Energy Industry Agriculture LULUCF Waste
Applied Method
ü The GHG inventories are compiled in accordance with the methodology recommended by the IPCC in itsGuidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 1996 Revised
ü Most of emission factors used are IPCC default values while some of emission factors (used for the Agriculture, Land-Use Changes and Forestry sector) are country specific factors
Applied method
ü Key source analysis: The Tier 1 method to identify key source categories is used to assess the impacts of various source categories
on the level and the trend of the national emissions inventory.
Ø The 14 main sources and sinks of emissions in Viet Nam's National GHG inventory in 2000 were determined: Energy (manufacturing industries and construction, transportation, energy industries, oil and natural gas extraction), Industrial processes (cement production, steel production), Agriculture (wet rice cultivation, enteric fermentation, agricultural soils), LULUCF (changes in forest and other woody biomass stocks, land conversion, abandonment of managed land), Waste (solid waste).
ü Uncertainties: the analysis of uncertainty is followed up the Guides from
Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National GHG Inventories (IPCC, 2006).
Trang 2Data sources
ü The Standard Data Worksheets for 5 sectors (Energy,
Industrial Processes, Agriculture, Land Use Change &
Forestry and Waste);
ü The top-down method used for collecting activity data from
main sectors has been applied;
ü GSO, line Ministries and experts;
Key results of GHGI for 2000
• Unit: thousand tons
Sector CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Percent (%)
Energy 45,900.00 308.56 1.27 52,773.46 35.0
Industrial processes 10,005.72 0 0 10,005.72 6.6
Agriculture 0 2,383.75 48.49 65,090.65 43.1
LULUCF 11,860.19 140.33 0.96 15,104.72 10.0
Waste 0 331.48 3.11 7,925.18 5.3
Total 67,765.91 3,164.12 53.83 150,899.73 100
Key results
ü Total GHG emissions in 2000 amounted to 150.9 million
tonnes of CO2equivalent
Projections of GHG emissions from main sources
for 2010, 2020 and 2030
Emissions from energy, agriculture and LULUCF sectors are projected to be 169.2, 300.4, and 515.8 Tg CO 2 e in 2010, 2020, and 2030, respectively.
Energy sector accounts for 91.3% of projected total emissions for 2030.
Limitations of existing National GHG Inventory
ü Research, assessment and verification for certain country-specific emission factors remains incomplete
ü A database supporting the inventory is not yet available
ü There is an inadequate pool of greenhouse gas inventory technical experts in the ministries and agencies Inter-agency coordination remains limited
Limitations of existing National GHG Inventory
ü Inadequate information and data for GHG inventory in terms of reliability, comparability, completeness, consistency;
ü Incomplete data collection system for GHG inventory
Lack of institutional arrangements for data collection;
analyzing, verifying and updating activity data for GHG inventories;
ü A focal agency responsible for the national inventory's data collection, analysis, verification and update has not been established or designated;
ü Slow data collection process Data verification and validation are not undertaken on a continuous basis;
ü QA/QC procedures and plan has not setting up
Trang 3ü UNFCCC requirements on NGHGI and updating
frequency;
ü GHG inventories under the Third National
Communication (TNC) Vietnam starts to carry out the
national consultations and stock taking exercise for the
preparation of the TNC;
ü Implementation of National CC Strategies and Policies
and participation in international CC
Initiatives/Commitment;
ü MRV for REDD+ (result-based) and future NAMA;
ü Inclusion of agriculture in UNFCCC negotiations and
anticipation of future MRV;
Next steps
ü Develop the National Program for improving
GHG inventories; Establish a National GHG
Inventory Office or agency;
ü Strengthen institutional and technical
capacities for national GHGI: Gov-funded
programs, SEA Project, REDD+ Projects,
SilvaCarbon Project, etc;
ü Strengthen the cooperation between ministries
and related agencies in the data collection;
ü Development of activity data and
country-specific emission factors;
Next steps
ü Harmonization of land use classification systems and
land use related inventories; methods of data
collection, reporting, QA/QC;
ü REDD+: Development of Land Monitoring System
(LMS) with participation of different Gov agencies and
common databases; AE of key forest types in key
ecological zones;
ü Forests and Agriculture database: NFI & agriculture
census, FOMIS;
Next steps