Appendix examining the relationship between bicultural stress and psychological well being among korean adolescents in singapore a mixed methods study

INSTRUCTION – this measure is designed to evaluate to content validity of a measure.. Please rate each item as follows:  Please rate the level of representativeness on a scale of 1 – 4,

INSTRUCTION – this measure is designed to evaluate to content validity of a measure Please rate each item as follows:

 Please rate the level of representativeness on a scale of 1 – 4, with 4 being the most representative Space is provided for you to comment on the item or to suggest revisions

 Please indicate the level of clarity for each item, also on a four-point scale Again, please make comments in the space provided

 Please indicate to which factor the item belongs The factors are listed along with a definition of each If you do not think the item belongs with any factor specified, please circle number 5 and write in a factor that may be more suitable

 Finally, evaluate the comprehensiveness of the entire measure by indicating items that should be deleted or added Thank you for your time

Theoretical definition:

“bicultural stressor”

- Sources of stress which result

from conflict between different

cultures

- Result from social interaction in

relation to cultural differences

with other youths, teacher or

family members (peer and school

context and family context)

Representativeness:

1 = item is not representative

2 = item needs major revisions to be representative

3 = item needs minor revisions to be representative

4 = item is representative

Clarity:

1 = item is not clear

2 = item needs major revisions to be clear

3 = item need minor revisions to be clear

4 = item is clear

Factors:

1 = stressors in peer context

2 = stressors in family context

3 = stressors in multicultural /multilingual context

4 = stressors of discrimination (positive or negative)

5 = item not belong to any factor

Family obligation

I have been treated badly because of my

English accent

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Treated bad because of accent

Because of family obligation I can’t

always do what I want

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Worried about immigration

I have worried about family members or

friends having problems with

immigration

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Problem at school because of poor

English

I have had problems at school because of

my poor English

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Uncomfortable with other cultures

do not feel comfortable with people

whose culture is different from mine

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Pressure to learn mother tongue

I have felt pressure to learn Korean

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Need better mother tongue

I have felt that I need to speak Korean

better

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Argue with friends

I have argued my friends over being too

traditional

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

My friend think I act Singaporean

My friends think I am acting

‘Singaporean’

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Parents say I don’t respect elders

My parents feel I do not respect older

people the way I should

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Uncomfortable with ethnic joke

I feel uncomfortable when others make

jokes about or put down people of my

ethnic back ground

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Argue with family about tradition

I have argued with family members

because I do not want to do some

traditions

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Translate for parents

I have had to translate/interpret for my

parents

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Lonely because family not united

I have felt lonely and isolated because

my family does not stick together

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Not accepted because of my ethnicity

I have felt that others do not accept me

because of my ethnic group

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Help parents in Singapore

I have had to help my parents by

explaining how to do things in Singapore

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Can’t be like Singaporean kids

I feel like I can’t do what most

Singaporean kids do because of my

parents’ culture

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Belong to gang for ethnicity

I feel that belonging to a gang is part of

representing my ethnic group

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Don’t understand different culture

Sometimes I do not understand why

people from different ethnic background

act a certain way

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Harder to success because of ethnicity

Sometimes I feel that it will be harder to

succeed because of my ethnic

background

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Keep being a Korean (ethnicity)

I have felt pressure to be different from

local peers

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Bias for Korean culture

I feel uncomfortable when local friends

show their bias for Korean culture

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Feeling of separation

I have a feeling of separation from local

friends

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Treated different because of ethnicity

I have been treated differently because

of my ethic background (Korean)

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor Bias for Korean people

I feel uncomfortable when local friends

show their bias for Korean people

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Pressure to learn Chinese

I felt pressure to learn Chinese

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Feeling of distance because of different

language use

I have felt a sense of distance from local

friends when they speak in their mother

tongue

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Get attention because of my ethnicity

Sometimes it bothers me to get the

attention of local friends because of my

ethnic background (Korean)

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Pressure not to use Singlish

I have felt pressure not to use localised

English (Singlish)

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Don’t understand Singlish

Sometimes I don’t understand the local

accent of English

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Pressure to become a trilingual

I have felt pressure to become a trilingual

(Korean, English and Other language like

Chinese)

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Immoderate interesting in Korean culture

Sometimes it bothers me that local

friends show their immoderate

interesting in Korean culture (Korean

language, Korean pop-culture, etc

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor

Pressure to learn other language

I have felt envious of people who can

speak in other language besides Korean

and English

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 Comments

1 2 3 4 5 Factor