The children would have been better swimmer if they go ……… swimming more frequently.. "o" thường được phát âm là / ɔː/ trong những từ có nhóm or +phụ âm But: work, worth, worm, worse wor
Trang 1CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
1 If it cost too much, I (buy) ……….a smaller one
2 If the class (be) ……… full, we will find another one
3 What will we do if the taxi (not come) ……… ?
4 Will you phone me if there (be) ……… any problem?
5 I (ask)……… Peter if I see him tomorrow
6 I will go next week if I (get) ………a train ticket
7 It I have enough apples, I (bake) ……….an apple pie this afternoon
8 I will fix your bicycle if I (have) ……… a screwdriver of the proper size
9 If you drove more carefully, you (not, have) ……… so many accidents
10 If he (get) ………up earlier, he would get to work on time
11 If we (have) ………… more time, I would tell you more about it
12 If you (sell) ………….more products, you would earn more money
13 I could help you if you (trust) ……… me more
14 Where would you like to live if you (not live) ………in Paris?
15 What (you, do) ……… if you won a million dollars?
16 Would you mind if I (not give) ……… you the money?
17 If I spoke English, my job (be) ……… easier
18 If I (be) ………you, I wouldn’t worry about going to the university
19 If you had phoned me last night, I (wait) ………for you
20 If he (meet) ……… you yesterday, he would have invited you to his party
21 If I (not go) ……… Out last night, I would have met him
22 If Tom had been here yesterday, he (be) ……… able to advise us
23 If he (go) ……….… To London yesterday, he would have met his old friend
24 If I (have)……… to go to hospital, I would have given you some
25 If I (have) ……… any money, I would have given you some
26 I wouldn’t have minded having children if I (live) ……… in the country
27 His car (be) ……… a lot safer if he had bought some new tires
28 The children would have been better swimmer if they (go) ……… swimming more frequently
29 Cat could fly if they (have) ……… wings
30 If Peter (study) ……… harder, he would get better marks
31 You will be late for class if you (not hurry) ………
32 Mary would not have got wet if she (wear) ……….a raincoat
33 If today (be) ……… A holiday, I would stay in bed for all day long
34 If she (make) ……… him change his mind, she would save him a lot of trouble
35 Your parents (be) ……….a lot happier if you (phone) ……… them earlier
36 If I (be) ……… a bird, I would not want to live in a cage
37 I (make) ……….a tomato salad for the picnic tomorrow if the tomatoes in my garden are ripe
38 Jack will shave today if he (have) ……… A sharp razor
39 Sally always answers the phone if she (be) ……… in her office
40 If I (have) ……… enough money, I will go with you
41 If the weather is nice tomorrow, we (go) ……… To the zoo
42 If Sally (be) ……… at home tomorrow, I’m going to visit her
43 If you (be) ……… Lazy, you will fail the exam
44 If you don’t have breakfast, you (get) ……… hungry
45 I (buy) ……… shares in that company if I had some money
46 If he (clean) ……… His windscreen he’d have been able to see where he was going
47 If you drove your car into the river, (you, be) ……… able to get out?
48 If you (not belong) ……… To a union you couldn’t get a job
49 If I (win) ……… a big prize in a lottery I’d give up my job
Trang 250 What you (do) ……… if you found a burglar in your house?
51 If I (be) ……… you, I (apply) ……… for that job
52 If we (forgive) ……… You, you (tell) ………… ……… my mother that secret last week
53 If we (live) ……… In the seaside, we (go) ……… Swimming everyday
54 If they (arrive) ……… at the airport earlier, they (not miss) ……… the plane
55 If tonight (be) ……… Saturday night, I (go out) ………with my friends
56 We (go) ……… on a picnic if it (not snow) ……… heavily last Sunday
57 If the police (be) ……….present here now, those boys (stop) ……… fighting./
58 The score of yesterday’s match (not be) …………so bad if Tony (not be)…… …… sent out of the field
59 He (live) ……… a happier life if he (have) ……… Some parental love He is unlucky
60 If our teacher (be) ……… here now , he (tell) ……… us how to solve that problem
61 They (get) ……… better marks if they (study) ……… harder every day
62 He (meet) ……… his old friend if he (go) ……… To London yesterday
63 If we (know) ……… who he was, we (invite) ……… him to speak at our meeting
64 If the weather (be) ……… nice today, we (go) ……… to the zoo
65 Why didn’t you attend the meeting? - Oh I did not know indeed If I (know)……… ,I (come)
……… there
66 If last night I (not, see) you in the street, I would have missed you so much
67 If you (be, not) _ me, you wouldn’t understand me
68 Tom (not, open) _ the windows if the wind becomes stronger
69 We (see) _ the tiger now if we visited the zoo
70 The girl (not, be) sad if she had passed the exam
71 Mary will give you a ring if she (not, work) this evening
72 I would have a present if I (have) _ a party
73 My school would not have got older if it (be, not) repainted last year
74 If the young man (take) _ off his coat, he will get a cold
75 If your boss (sit) in the office now, he could solve your problem
76 If people (not, build) _ a new school ten years ago, students would have had a place to study
77 If you sing well, everyone (clap) _ their hands
78 If the boy didn’t play soccer, the ball (not, jump) over my windows
79 If Mai hadn’t got married with the old man, she (not, feel) _ sad
80 Her son (not, get) lost if he isn’t careful
81 The man (have) some troubles if he went on making this project
82 We (not, listen) _ to you if we had been angry last night
83 If you feel sad, you (talk) _ to me
84 If she hadn’t crossed the street yesterday, she (be, not) in the hospital
85 You might get fat if you (stop) smoking
86 You (get) _ a job if you had a degree
87 If she (phone) _ me tonight, I can talk to her
88 They won’t travel Nha Trang if there (be) _ a storm
89 We (not, work) _ hard if we get sick
90 What (happen) _ if there were no gravity?
91 People (not, see) _ if they didn’t have eye
92 If she (be) me, she could take this job
93 If he (not, call) you tomorrow, I won’t meet him
94 The man could see a tiger on the street if it (get) _ lost
95 You mom wouldn’t be sick if she (not, take) _ care of you
96 The boss couldn’t fire you if you (try) your best
97 A monkey (bite) _ you if you attack it
98 If Susan (go) to the party, she could join a dancing club
99 If they (be, not) _ at school, they can’t be punished
100 If a man (point) a gun with me, I would be frightened
Conditional sentences
Trang 31 If the earth suddenly (stop) spinning we all (fly) off it.
2 If you (smoke) in a non-smoking compartment the other passengers (object)
3 (your parents/ not/ be) proud if they could see you now?
4 I’ll lend you War and Peace if I (finish) it before you go on holiday
5 If we (work) all night we (finish) in time; but we have no intention of working all night
6 If you had worked harder, you (pass) your final exam
7 There have been a lot of thefts from cars in the city center If you
(leave) your car there, (not leave) any valuabIes in it
8 I don't have enough money to buy that house But if I (have) more money, I (buy) it
9 I got wet because I didn't take my umbrella However, I (not/ get) wet if I (remember) to take
my umbrella with me
10 I'm broke, but I (have) plenty of money now if I (not/ spend) so much yesterday
11 Tom's hobby is collecting stamps from all over the world If he (travel) to a new country, he (spend/ always) time looking for new stamps
12 I'm doing the test very well now I (not/ do) the test well if I _ (not/ revise) thoroughly last night
13 (you/ take) that job if you (know) that you had to work nights?
14 I don't ride the bus to school every morning because it's always so crowded
_
15 The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn't grow
_
16 Stop talking or you won't understand the lesson
_
17 The wind is blowing hard, so we won't take the boat out for a ride
_
18 Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying
_
19 I feel better now because you talked to me about my problems yesterday
_
20 Because I don't have enough free time, I can't help my mother with the housework
_
21 Rita is exhausted today because she didn't get any sleep last night
_
22 I didn't prepare for today's lesson: So it is difficult for me to understand the teacher's explanation
_
23 I don't want them to be upset, so I've decided not to tell them what happened
_
24 Martin failed his driving test last week because he was very nervous
_
25 Go' right now or you'll be late for the train
_
Trang 426 Sally doesn't know what she has to do for homework because she was absent from school on Friday _
27 Olga and Ivan weren't paying attention, so they didn't see the sign marking their exit from the highway _
28 Paulo is working on two jobs right now, so he doesn't have time to help you with your remodeling
GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES
I Write a sentence with “should / shouldn’t + the phrase”
1 I have a headache (see a doctor)
→ You should see a doctor.
2 His stomach is aching (not eat green fruit)
→ He shouldn’t eat green fruit.
3 My father has a sore throat (not smoke so much)
→ ………
4 Nam feels very tired (go to bed early) → ………
5 He had an accident last week (not drive so fast) → ………
6 I catch flu (stay in bed) → ………
7 Hoa feels sleepy (not stay up late) → ………
8 His shirt is very old (buy a new one) → ……… …
9 Her room is very dirty (clean it every day) → ………
10 I play tennis badly (practice tennis more regularly) → ………
II Put the verb in brackets into the correct form. 1 If men (be) only more reasonable, there would be no more war →
2 If I (know) his address I’d give it to you →
3 If people (drive) more carefully, they travel round the world →
4 If I (have) a lot of money, I would travel round the world →
5 If she (not work) hard, she couldn’t support her family →
6 If I (win) a big prize in a lottery, I’d give up my job →
7 What you (do) if you found a burglar in your house →
8 I could tell you what this means if I (know) Greek →
9 He might get fat if he (stop) smoking →
10 I could get a job easily if I (have) a degree →
Trang 5Choose the word whose syllable is stressed differently from the rest.
2 a investigate b information c submarine d independent
3 a organism b environment c temperature d satellite
4 a carnivore b entrapment c technology d Atlantic
1 / ɒ/
a) "o" thường được phát âm là / ɒ/ trong một số trường hợp: ot, ock, op, ox, ob, od (khi trọng
âm rơi vào những âm này)
b) “a” đôi khi được phát âm là / ɒ/
want, watch , what, quatity, quantity
2 /ɔː/
horse /hɔːs/ con ngựa auction /'ɔːkʃn/ sự bán đầu giá
caught /kɔːt/ bắt (QK của catch) bought /bɔːt/ mua (quá khứ của buy)
a "a" được phát âm là / ɔː/ trong những từ có một âm tiết mà tận cùng bằng "ll"
Trang 6fall /fɔːl/ rơi, ngã squall /skwɔːl/ hét lên
Ngoại lệ: shall / ʃæl/ phải, sẽ
b "o" thường được phát âm là / ɔː/ trong những từ có nhóm or (+phụ âm)
But: work, worth, worm, worse world, worship, worry…
c "au" + một hoặc hai phụ âm thường được phát âm là / ɔː/ :
launch /lɔːntʃ/ hạ thủy (một chiếc tàu) laundry /'lɔːndrɪ/ tiệm giặt ủi
tung
Ngoại lệ: laugh /la:f/ aunt /a:nt/
d "aw" thường được phát âm là / ɔː/ khi trong một từ có tận cùng là aw hay aw+phụ âm
e "oa" được phát âm là / ɔː/ khi đứng trước "r"
Ngoài ra: broad /brɔːd/ abroad /ə’brɔːd/
f “oo”(r): door, floor…
g ou(r) một số trường hợp: thought, ought, bought, fought, four, your, pour, course…
but: though, our, hour, flour, neighbour, …
h) Một số từ khác: warm, water, quarter, …
EXERCISES (/ ɒ/ - /ɔː/)
I Đánh dấu vào cột đúng:
sounds
Trang 71 door
2 hot
3 solid
4 blood
5 board
6 already
7 son
8 stop
9 morning
10 cause
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12 thought
13 pot
14 out
15 although
16 too
17 icon
18 dawn
19 daughter
20 shop
21 clock
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II Gạch chân từ không có âm đọc là:
1 /ɔː/
2 / ɒ/
III Gạch chân từ có âm khác với các từ còn lại:
………
I /ʊ/
1 o + phụ âm được phát âm là / ʊ/ trong một số trường hợp sau
wolf /wʊlf/ chó sói
2 oo + phụ âm được phát âm là / ʊ/ trong các trường hợp sau:
book /bʊk/ sách cook /kʊk/ nấu ăn
good /gʊd/ tốt foot /fʊt/ chân
look /lʊk/ nhìn wood /wʊd/ gỗ
Trang 8wool /wʊl/ len took /tʊk/ quá khứ của take
rook /rʊk/ con quạ
3 "ould" được phát âm là / ʊ/ trong một số trường hợp :
4 u + 1 hoặc 2 phụ âm đối với một số từ sau:
put /pʊt/ đặt, để bullet /’bʊlit/ viên đạn
full /fʊl/ đầy đủ pull /pʊl/ đẩy, đủn
pull /pʊl/ lôi kéo butcher /’bʊtʃə/ người bán thịt
push /pʊʃ/ bụi cây bullock /’bʊlək/ con bò con
II /u:/
you /juː/ bạn coot /kuːt/ chim sâm cầm
shoe /ʃu:/ giầy who /huː/ ai (chỉ người)
luke /luːk/ (tên người) true /truː/ đúng
fool /fuːl/ ngớ ngẩn sue /suː/ kiện
boot /buːt/ ủng, giày ống through /θruː/ thông suốt, xuyên suốt
1.”o” thường được phát âm là / u:/ trong một vài từ thông dụng có tận cùng bằng o hay o + phụ
âm (là âm có trọng âm)
do /duː/ làm prove /pruːv/ chứng minh
move /muːv/ cử động tomb /tuːm/ mộ, mồ
lose /luːz/ mất, đánh mất remove /rɪ’muːv/ bỏ đi, làm mất đi
2.“u-e”; “ue”; “u” còn được phát âm là / u:/ khi là trọng âm của từ.
brute /bruːt/ con vật, người thô bạo lunacy /ˈluːnəsɪ/ sự điên rồ
brutal /’bruːtl/ thô bạo, dã man lubricant /ˈluːbrɪkənt/ chất dầu mỡ
rule /ruːl/ quy tắc glue /gluː/ keo, hồ
dune /duːn/ đụn cát clue /kluː/ bí quyết
blue /bluː/ màu xanh lam
3 “oo” : từ tận cùng là “oo” /u:/; một số từ tận cùng là oo + phụ âm (phải ghi nhớ)
cool /kuːl/ mát mẻ tooth /tuːθ/ cái răng
food fuːd/ đồ ăn, thực phẩm sooth /suːθ/ sự thật
too /tuː/ cũng soothe /suːð/ làm dịu, làm bớt đau
pool /puːl/ bể bơi booby /’buːbɪ/ người đần độn
soot /suːt/ nhọ nồi bamboo /bæm’buː/ cây tre
Trang 9spoon /spuːn/ cái thìa boohoo /bu’huː/ khóc huhu
tool /tuːl/ đồ dùng googly /’guːglɪ/ (mắt) lồi, thao láo
Ngoại lệ: blood, flood
4 “ou” được phát âm là / u:/ trong một số trường hợp
soup /su:p/ món súp through /θru:/ qua, xuyên qua
5 "ui" được phát âm là / u:/ trong một số trường hợp
bruise /bruːz/ vết thương, vết bầm cruise /kruːz/ cuộc đi chơi trên biển
juice /dʒuːs/ nước cốt, nước trái cây
Ngoại lệ: fluid /ˈfluːɪd/ chất lỏng, lỏng
Ruin /ˈruːɪn/ sự đổ nát, vết tích đổ nát
6 –ew (đôi khi nhóm này được đọc là /ju:/)
brew /bruː/ làm rượu crew /kruː/ phi hành đoàn screw /skruː/ đinh ốc chew /tʃuː/ nhai
flew /fluː/ bay eschew /ɪsˈtʃuː/ Tránh làm, kiêng cữ
I Tick the column that matches the sound in the underlined letter(s):
1 woman
2 blue
3 football
4 pulling
5 sugar
6 could
7 soup
8 good
9 smooth
10 full
II Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest:
Trang 10PRONUNCIATION /ə/ - /ɜ:/
I /ə/
Cách phát âm: Đây là một nguyên âm rất ngắn Khi phát
âm đưa lưỡi lên phía trước và hơi hướng lên trên.
(Những nguyên âm như a, e, i, o, u trong phần không
nhấn mạnh của một chữ có thể được phát âm là /ə/
hoặc / ɪ/ ví dụ trong từ accept, từ a được phát âm là /ə/
vì nó không phải là từ có trọng âm nhấn vào).
1 "a" được phát âm là /ə/ khi không chứa trọng âm
sofa /ˈsəʊfə/ ghế bàng explanation /ˌekspləˈneɪʃən/ sự giải thích
separate /ˈsepərət/ chia rẽ
2 "e" được phát âm là /ə/ khi không chứa trọng âm
open /ˈəʊpən/ mở ra sentence /ˈsentənts/ câu văn
3 "o" được phát âm là /ə/ khi không chứa trọng âm trong một từ có nhiều âm tiết
atom /ˈætəm/ nguyên tử handsome /ˈhænsəm/ lịch sự, hào hoa
compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ so sánh rancorous /ˈræŋkərəs/ hay thù oán, hiềm khích
4 "u" được phát âm là /ə/ khi không chứa trọng âm
upon /əˈpɒn/ bên trên suggest /səˈdʒest/ gợi ý
picture /ˈpɪktʃə(r)/ bức tranh surprise /səˈpraɪz/ ngạc nhiên
5 ou+s ở cuối từ được phát âm là /ə/
dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ nguy hiểm
6 đuôi –ar, -er, -or, -ur không chứa trọng âm
particular /’pətikjulə/ đặc biệt
awkward /’ɔːkwəd/ khó xử
writer /’raitə/ nhà văn
teacher /’ti:tʃə/ giáo viên
Doctor /’dɔktə/ bác sĩ Director /’direktə/ giám đốc Sailor /’seilə/ thủy thủ picture
II /ɜ:/