The state with promotion of internal and external forces in international integration in vietnam currently

Under leadership of the Party, in recent years, the State has beencontinuously perfecting policies, laws, creating favourable environment topromote internal forces, preserve political -

NGUYEN KIM PHUONG

THE STATE WITH PROMOTION OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FORCES IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION IN VIETNAM CURRENTLY

Major: Dialectical materialism & Historical materialism Code: 62 22 80 05

SUMMARY PHD THESIS IN PHILOSOPHY

Scientific instructor: Assoc Prof Dr Tran Thanh

HA NOI - 2014

Supervisor: A.Prof.Dr Tran Thanh

Reviewer 1:……… Reviewer 2:……… Reviewer 3:……….

The PhD thesis will be defensed in front of a jury and marked by at

Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics

At…: On 2014

The PhD thesis is available in National Library and the Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics

1 Necessity of the subject

Stepping into the 21st century, the world has had rapid, profound and complexchanges with great opportunities and challenges towards each country, especiallypoor and underdeveloped countries Although the world may have manycomplicated changes with intermingled cooperation and struggle, the trend of peace,stability and cooperation for continuous development is the main trend in the worldgoverning international relationships as well as development strategy of eachcountry International integration to expand international cooperative activity in allfields of life has been being the prominent trend of the age Any nation wanting tobuild its country and develop its socio-economy must essentially participate in thattrend In that context, Vietnam must integrate internationally and take advantage ofevery opportunity to develop

To actively integrate into the world, assure rapid and sustainabledevelopment, Vietnam must actively and positively promote and use all resourcesefficiently including both internal and external forces to develop the socio-economy, help the country to advance firmly on the way of socialism Promotinginternal forces and external forces helps us expand international exchange andcooperation, acquiring human civilized achievements, promoting all comparativeadvantages of the nation, shortening the process of industrialization andmodernization to develop Promoting internal forces and external forces becomesthe essential requirement and urgent demand for Vietnam in the trend ofintegration for development of the country currently Instrument of the 11thNational Delegate Congress of the Party specified: “Promoting internal forces andnational strength is the decisive factor and taking advantage of external forces andstrength of the age is the important factor for rapid and sustainable developmentand construction of an independent and self-control economy”

Under leadership of the Party, in recent years, the State has beencontinuously perfecting policies, laws, creating favourable environment topromote internal forces, preserve political - social stability, national security,develop the economy, and also actively attract many external forces and exploitand use resources more effectively in development taking the country step by stepintegrate deeply and widely into the world That achievement shows the great role

of the state towards promoting internal forces and external forces for economic development in our country

socio-However, in managing and operating to promote internal and external forces,roles of the State sometimes are not expressed properly and sufficiently due todiversified and complicated governance of international integration, especiallylimitations of the State itself such as: unwieldy apparatus, slow adaptation tovariations of the world; macro-regulatory and managerial qualification of theState not meeting the requirements of promoting internal and external forces;incomprehensive system of laws and policies; slow innovation in activity of

officials; confusion and lack of activeness in organizing and implementing topromote internal forces and external forces, etc.

Those limitations of the State place the promotion of internal and external forces

in front of many difficulties and challenges without expected efficiency Particularly:The promotion of internal forces is still under the development ability of thecountry The attraction of external forces is more positive but not really active.The exploitation and use of both internal and external forces for socio-economicdevelopment of the country is not reasonable and corresponding to potentials anddoes not promote completely its roles in fostering active international integration

in our country

Besides, the promotion of internal and external forces has not really broughtabout sustainable development for the country Vietnam economy developsdynamically with good growth rate but the economic efficiency lacks ofsustainability, “competitive quality, efficiency and strength is low; structuraltransition in direction of industrialization and modernization is slow; macro-balance is not firm; distribution regime remains much unreasonableness” Theunreasonable exploitation and use of internal and external forces leads toexhaustion of many natural resources, damage of ecological environment, change

of disease model, influence on quality of human resources, etc

On the other hand, the promotion of internal and external forces in thecontext of international integration with many complicated variations currentlyplaces many difficulties and challenges towards the development of the country.The strong impact of external forces from many sides may narrow impact scope

of the State causing insecurity to the national economic, financial and securitysystem; making social unfairness become serious; increasing the gap between therich and the poor among countries in the world; many sources of aid andtechnological transfer cooperation with political motivation may lead to the risk

of incorrect direction; etc The global economic crisis places all countries withmedium and underdeveloped economy in front of the risk of having damage andcrisis in resources for development due to the loss and reduction of aid sourcesand foreign loan, etc That situation affects greatly the managerial and operationalroles of the State towards development resources of the country, places thecountry in front of new requirements and tasks

These above limitations and challenges are urgent issues which have beenbecoming a preventive force for the sustainable development of the countryrequiring to strengthen macro balancing, regulatory and managerial activities inexploiting and using both internal and external forces reasonably That real stategives out an urgent requirement to renovate, complete, strengthen roles of the Statefor maximizing positive impacts and minimizing negative impacts in promotinginternal and external forces in order to achieve the target of rapid and sustainabledevelopment, assure social fairness and also avoid the reduction of the State’s rolesand the risk of incorrect direction in the international integration currently

With desire of contributing to clarify some theoretical and practical issuesregarding roles of the State for promoting internal forces and external forces ininternational integration for the rapid and sustainable development, I select the

subject: “The State with promotion of internal forces and external forces in international integration in Vietnam currently” as the subject for my Doctoral

in our country

2.2 Tasks

The dissertation focuses on solving main tasks below:

- Clarifying the necessity of promoting internal and external forces ininternational integration and roles of the State for that promotion in Vietnamcurrently

- Evaluating real situation, analyzing some given issues towards roles of theState in promoting internal and external forces in international integration inVietnam currently

- Proposing some basic viewpoints and solutions for enhancing roles of theState for promotion of internal and external forces assuring sustainable nationaldevelopment in the context of international integration in Vietnam currently

3 Research object and scope of the dissertation

Research object: Roles of the State in promoting internal and external forces

in international integration in Vietnam currently

Research scope: The dissertation focuses on researching roles of the State in promoting internal and external forces in the context of international integration.

4 Research methodology

The dissertation bases on principles of methodology in dialecticalmaterialism and historical materialism such as objective, comprehensive,developed, historical - particular, practical, logical - historical principles, etc

The dissertation also combines different methods such as analysis andsynthesis, inductive method and deductive method, statistics, description,comparativeness, etc

5 New contributions of the dissertation

- The dissertation clarifies under philosophical viewpoint roles of the State inpromoting internal and external forces in international integration in Vietnam currently

- Evaluating the real situation and proposing some viewpoints and solutions

in order to enhance roles of the State towards the promotion of internal andexternal forces in the context of international integration in our country currently

6 Theoretical and practical significance of the dissertation

6.1 Theoretical significance

The dissertation at the first step clarifies theoretically roles of the Statetowards the promotion of internal and external forces in international integration

in our country currently

The dissertation contributes to practical summary through clarifying the realsituation and given issues towards roles of the State in promoting internal andexternal forces in international integration in our country currently

From that point, this work proposes basic and practical viewpoints andsolutions in order to enhance roles of the State towards the promotion of internaland external forces in international integration in our country currently

6.2 Practical significance

Research results of the dissertation may be used as reference for study,theoretical research, teaching activities at universities, academies, etc

7 Structure of the dissertation

In addition to the foreword, Conclusion, list of references, the dissertation ispresented in 4 chapters, 10 sections

Chapter 1 OVERALL SITUATION OF RESEARCHES RELATED

TO THE SUBJECT

1.1 Research works related to internal forces, external forces and their

roles in the country’s development

In the world, long time ago, many scholars did thorough research in internal

and external forces and overall resources for development of countries

Adam Smith points that main resources of the society in his living period arecapital, manpower and land David Ricardo considers comparative advantage asprosperous origin of foreign trade and the reason promoting economic growth andsocial development

Karl Marx points out resources for development of the capitalism such asvalue of commodity, manpower, capital, technical science, etc In which, heemphasizes and affirms the value of human resources; human is the subjectcreating development history of humankind

Nowadays, modern economists analyze resources based on theircontributions to the economic development including input material factors(capital, machine, equipment, materials, natural resources, manpower, etc.) andsome other factors (organization, policy, administration, technology,technological know-how),etc

In Vietnam, there are many research works related to resources such as:

Ministry of Science and Technology, subject KX.04.08/06-10, Resources and

motivation for rapid and sustainable development of Vietnam economy in period

2011 - 2020; Prof PhS Le Du Phong, editor (2006), Resources and motivation of

development in socialism-oriented market economy in Vietnam, Political Theory

Publishing House; Ho Ba Tham (2004), Motivation and creation of motivation

for social development, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi; Hoang Ngoc

Hoa (2005), “Our Party’s awareness of promoting internal forces, takingadvantage of external forces, developing a self-control economy and actively

integrating into international economy”, Looking back to the renovation of the Party’s theoretical thinking in period 1986 - 2005, Political Theory Publishing House, etc.

These above mentioned research works provided some basic theories andscientific backgrounds drawn from the reality about the necessity of promotinginternal forces and external forces towards the socio-economic development ofthe country through periods That is the suggestion for the author of thisdissertation to research and study deeply

1.2 Research works related to roles of the State and solutions for enhancing roles of the State in promoting internal and external forces in international integration in our country currently

In ideological history of humankind, there are many scholars and researchersfocusing on natures, functions and roles of the State towards development suchas: A Smith, J.M Keynes, Samuelson, Karl Marx, Engels, Lenin, etc

Nowadays, under the impact of globalization and international integration, allresources move freely in global scope out of control of a State, a nation Scientistscontinue mention many different viewpoints about roles of the State towardsdevelopment

Regarding to this subject, there are some typical research works such as:article “Economic globalization and functions of the State” by Professor Lei Da,

Magazine for Social and Political Issues, Ho Chi Minh National Political

Academy; article “Process of globalization and the State: the new in economic

adjustment in developed countries” by Osadchaja I, Magazine for Social Issues,

Ho Chi Minh National Political Academy; the book “Market regime and roles of the State in Vietnam economy” by Prof Dr Luong Xuan Quy, Statistics

Publishing House, Hanoi, 1994, etc

Besides, authors also research deeply solutions for enhancing roles of the State

in promoting internal and external forces in the context of international integrationcurrently which are presented in each field of the social life Typical works are:

Article “Promoting internal forces, building an independent and self-control Vietnam economy and expanding international cooperation” by Assoc Prof Dr Vu Van Phuc, Economy and Forecast Magazine, issue no 9 in 2005; the book “Impact

of the State in order to transit economic structure in the direction of industrialization, modernization in our country currently” by Assoc Prof Dr.

Nguyen Cuc - editor, National Political Publishing House, 1997; Doctoraldissertation of Philosophy “Role in socialism-orientation of the State towards thedevelopment of Vietnam economy currently” by Le Thi Hong, Hanoi, 2001;Doctoral dissertation of Philosophy “Roles of the State in building an independent

and self-control Vietnam economy in the current international integration” by TranThi Thu Huong, Hanoi, 2011, etc.

From research works in the country and in the world, it can be realized that thenumber of research works regarding “roles of the State” is rich and plentiful Thoseresearch works are valuable materials and scientific background for thispostgraduate to acquire and research, develop in the research scope of thisdissertation

1.3 Values of researched works and some orientations to be carried out

by the dissertation

From overall situation of research, it can be seen that these above mentionedresearch works have scientific contributions with both theoretical and practicalvalue in researching the promotion of internal and external forces for thedevelopment and the enhancement of roles of the State in promoting internal andexternal forces to build and develop the country in international integrationcurrently Those contributions are expressed on some following basic aspects:

Firstly, it clarifies basic theories about globalization and international

integration, impacts of this process on roles of the State in particular and

development of each country including Vietnam Secondly, it step by step

clarifies concept of resources, internal forces, external forces and their roles in

construction and development of each country Thirdly, it clarifies the

necessity of promoting internal and external forces for development ininternational integration in Vietnam and also evaluates the real situation ofexploiting and using those resources and proposes orientations, solutions for

using resources efficiently Fourthly, it clarifies roles of the State, evaluates

the real situation and proposes solutions for enhancing roles of the State insocio-economic development and points out impacts of the State on eachresource, each aspect, each field of the life Almost research works point outlimitations of the State such as: quality of legal documents, inefficientapparatus, insufficient and poor personnel, etc.; from that point, it proposessolutions to overcome in many aspects from different research viewpoints.With those contributions, research works mentioned above provided basictheoretical foundations and scientific evidences from the reality regardingpromotion of internal and external forces, enhancement of roles of the State inpromoting resources for development However, it can be realized that up to now,there has not been any work researching roles of the State in promoting internaland external forces in current international integration in Vietnam systematicallyunder philosophical viewpoint That urges the author of the dissertation to studyand research deeply this matter On the basis of selective inheritance and addition

of research results mentioned above, the dissertation will clarify some morecontents:

- Clarifying opinion on internal forces, external forces, resources fordevelopment of the country in integration period and scientific grounds regarding

roles of the State in promoting internal and external forces in internationalintegration in Vietnam currently.

- Analyzing the real situation and given issues towards the State in promotinginternal and external forces in international integration currently

- Proposing some viewpoints and solutions in order to foster roles of theState for promotion of internal and external forces in current internationalintegration

Chapter 2 NECESSITY AND ROLES OF THE STATE IN PROMOTING INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FORCES IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION IN

VIETNAM CURRENTLY

2.1 Internal forces, external forces and dialectical relationship between internal forces and external forces in international integration in Vietnam

2.1.1 Opinion on internal forces and external forces

Based on opinions of some researchers in the past, the dissertation gives outthe concept of internal forces and external forces as follows:

* Internal forces:

Internal forces of our country are the entire internal material and spiritualstrength of the nation including core contents such as: strength of the economy,politics, culture - society; strength of manpower in Vietnam; science andtechnology, natural resources, leadership of the Party and management of theState, etc

To aware properly internal forces, it is needed to agree on some viewpointsbelow:

Firstly, internal force is a wide concept with continuous movement and

variation In fact, many factors have ever been defined as national internal forces,evenly important internal forces but undergoing development, they no longer keepthat role and vice versa Many factors are defined as internal forces in this conditionbut environment, factor affecting the promotion and internal and external forces inother conditions Political, economic, cultural and social factors are both considered

as national internal forces and environment, condition to promote other internalforces such as technological science and human resources, etc

Secondly, internal forces depend on awareness level of human, especially

technological and scientific development level With increasingly enhancedawareness level, especially technological science level, people have researched anddiscovered new natural resources to use and also create new materials, new energy tosubstitute exhaust natural resources That is the background, condition for eachcountry to research and make the national internal forces become richer and richer

Thirdly, internal forces depend on development requirements of each

country Each country has different development conditions and orientations,accordingly, concept of internal forces is defined with different contents

Therefore, “internal force” is a wide concept which always moves andchanges depending on awareness level and development requirements of eachcountry so it is impossible to have a common concept of internal forces for allcountries in all circumstances.

In the scope of this work, the dissertation has no condition to research andevaluate the entire national internal forces but focuses on clarifying roles of theState in creating conditions, regime, policies, environment for promotion ofinternal forces through surveying, analysing some internal forces mainlyconstituting production force in which the first and most important forces aremanpower, science - technology resource and capital that we have These are themost important factors of internal forces currently so that we can develop thecountry in depth Political, economic, cultural, social factors, etc are considered

by the dissertation as environment, condition to promote resources

* External forces:

External forces are overall external material and spiritual strength of thenation including factors such as capital, technical science, technology, manageriallevel and skills, etc

Similar to concept of internal forces, concept of external forces is a wideconcept which always moves and changes following awareness level, opinion,development requirement and orientation of each country Under differentresearch viewpoints, in different historical - particular contexts, each scientistmay mention different concepts of external forces Therefore, we cannot have acommon concept of external forces for all circumstances, all countries but wemust be aware of external forces in movement, development, particularcircumstance, and in the relationship with internal forces and other resources.Within scope of the dissertation, this work has no condition to research,evaluate roles and impacts of each external force on development of the countrybut focuses on clarifying roles of the State in promoting, exploiting, usingexternal forces to build and develop our country currently

* Promotion of internal and external forces

With opinion on internal forces and external forces as mentioned above, it ispossible to generalize the opinion on “promotion of internal forces”, “promotion

of external forces”, “promotion of internal and external forces” as follows:

Promotion of internal forces is creating favourable conditions to mobilize,exploit, use and develop resources inside the country in order to build and developthe country

Promotion of external forces is creating favourable conditions to attract, exploit,use and develop external resources of the country to support the construction anddevelopment of the country

Promotion of internal and external forces is creating favourable conditions toexploit efficiently material and spiritual values of countries all over the world inconnection with strength of material and spiritual conditions inside the country tocreate a general strength for development

The given issue is that promoting internal forces and external forces mustassure rapid growth in parallel with sustainable development; this means thatrapid growth must connect to maintenance and creation of prerequisites andresources for long-term development of the country This depends much on roles

of the State in regulating, exploiting and using reasonably internal and externalforces for development Therefore, the dissertation will focus on researching roles

of the State in creating environment, condition, regime, policy so that internal andexternal forces can be promoted in the most efficient way assuring rapid andsustainable development

2.1.2 Dialectical relationship between internal forces and external forces

Everything, every phenomenon is governed by internal and externalrelationships of that thing or phenomenon Internal relationships play a decisiverole in the development of the phenomenon while external relationships play arole of impact which is either promoting or limiting the development of thephenomenon

The development in our country currently is profoundly impacted by internalforces - internal resources of the nation and external forces - external resources

of the nation Internal forces and external forces have a profound dialecticalrelationship in which internal force is the decisive factor towards externalforces and development of the country, while external force plays an importantrole impacting internal forces; external forces are only efficient throughinternal forces; it may promote or limit internal forces Considering roles ofinternal forces and external forces in development, our Party specifies:

“Promoting internal forces and national strength is the decisive factor andtaking advantage of external forces and strength of the age is the importantfactor for rapid and sustainable development and construction of anindependent and self-control economy”

In the relationship between internal forces and external forces, internal force

is always the decisive factor towards external forces and development of thenation The movement and development of components constituting internalforces and their mutual impact bring about the movement and development ofoverall internal forces, promote and decide on the development of the country.Internal forces are decisive towards external forces at the point that the movementand development of internal forces place an objective requirement on attractingexternal forces at different levels: which main external forces to attract, how thescale and speed of attraction is, etc In fact, each country bases on its own internalforces and development level of internal forces to establish plan, strategy ofattracting necessary external forces for development

In the relationship with internal forces, external forces play an important role

in contributing to the development of each country External forces may impact,assist, supplement and develop internal forces but it may also limit, hold backinternal forces and negatively impact the development of the country

External forces are valuable resources; if they are exploited and usedreasonably, they will support internal forces creating conditions to mobilize anduse domestic resources efficiently and promote the formation of reasonableeconomic structure in the direction of industrialization and modernization;complete economic growth targets, develop comprehensively cultural and socialaspects, orient to the target of rapid and sustainable development.

External forces with the nature of resources outside the nation can onlyuphold their roles towards development of that nation through internal forces.External forces cannot be promoted without using internal forces, external forcescannot promote development of the country if they are not turned into internalforces Abundant capital sources of powerful countries have no significancetowards development of the country if we do not know how to mobilize, exploitand use reasonably Notwithstanding how advanced the world science andtechnology are, if we do not have sufficient qualified human resources to acquireand apply, it cannot contribute to the development of the country, etc

However, not all external forces enrich internal forces; there are externalforces having potential of weakening internal forces; external forces withconspiracy of opposing, destroying our country, governing the economy,exploiting natural resources exhaustedly, destroying the environment, etc

Currently, the context of international integration creates conditions so thatcountries have more and more profound mutual influence and dependence That

is an objective prerequisite for the closer and closer dialectical relationship betweeninternal forces and external forces In international integration, each change ofexternal forces may affect internal forces and vice versa; each development step ofinternal forces will increase the capacity of exploiting and using external forcesefficiently The strong transition in capital, science and technology, human resource,natural resources, etc among countries in integration condition makes internal forcesand external forces penetrate and transform each other easily that may promote orlimit the development That places a requirement of having policies and measures topromote internal and external forces and limit negative impacts of the integrationprocess towards the development

2.2 Necessity of promoting internal forces and external forces in international integration in Vietnam currently

Promoting internal forces and external forces is one of the important lessons

in the development which is summarized and affirmed by our Party many times.That is an objective requirement, decisive factor wards the success of Vietnam inbuilding the country and in active and positive international integration currently

Firstly, promoting internal forces and external forces in international

integration is to inherit the lesson of “combining strength of the nation andstrength of the age”

Secondly, promoting internal forces and external forces is the essential

requirement of international integration

Thirdly, promoting internal forces and external forces helps Vietnam take

advantage of opportunity, overcome challenges in integration period to develop

2.3 Main expressions of roles of the State in promoting internal forces and external forces in international integration in Vietnam currently

2.3.1 The State creates environment and condition to promote internal and external forces

A stable and developed economic, political, cultural - social environment isthe prerequisite for all resources inside the country to be promoted and alsocreates attraction of domestic environment for international investment andcooperation to lure external forces Therefore, building a stable and developedeconomic, political, cultural - social environment becomes requirement, content,task of the state in promoting internal and external forces

Firstly, the State keeps politics and national security stable to create

prerequisite for all resources of the country to develop

Secondly, the State promotes domestic economic strength in conformity with

development trend of the international economy

Thirdly, the State develops culture, society creating healthy and advanced

environment to promote internal forces

Fourthly, the State establishes legal corridor, renovates administration

creating clear and transparent environment to promote all resources

2.3.2 The State establishes and expands international relationship to actively attract external forces

Beside promotion of internal forces, creation of attractive investmentenvironment, the State also plays an important role in establishing and expandinginternational relationship to actively attract external forces by many policies andmeasures such as: positively popularizing national internal forces, activelynegotiating, signing bilateral and multilateral agreements, implementinginternational commitments, forming prestige and position of Vietnam ininternational scope That role is particularly expressed as follows:

Firstly, the State carries out the task of information - foreign affairs to

positively informing, popularizing the attractive environment created frominternal forces

Secondly, the State carries out international commitments, positively attracts

external forces

Thirdly, the State gives out policies, measures to promote Vietnamese human

resources in foreign countries under many forms and measures such as: raisingdevelopment funds, appealing, mobilizing compatriots in foreign countries to invest

in construction of the home country, etc

2.3.3 The State exploits and uses the internal and external forces for building and developing the country

The exploitation and use of the internal and external forces are significantlymeaningful for the country development, it does help us not only to get rapid