Note: Một số động từ không sử dụng được ở thì tiếp diễn mà thường dùng thì hiện tại 3_ Động từ chỉ hoạt động tinh thần: agreeđồng ý; believetin tưởng; forgetquên; knowbiết; remembernhớ;
Trang 1ENGLISH GRADE 11
BASIC
NAME:
CLASS:
1
Trang 2Ex: I usually go to school in the afternoon.
b diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật luôn luôn đúng
Ex: The earth moves around the sun
c,có 2 dạng động từ ở hiện tại đơn là động từ to be và động từ thường to be gồm am, is, are
Eg: the dog is cute the dog is not cute Is the dog cute?
Ex: put the verb in the correct form.
1 We friends
2 Nam and Lan a nice
couple
3 Quang an engineer
4 My brother and I tailors
5 Ha noi one of the noisiest cities
10 The Sun so hot
11 Her father a taxi driver
12 Mr Nam our English teacher
13 The children in Sa Pa now
14 That my house
2
Trang 315 It a cute dog
A, chủ ngữ ở dạng số nhiều như : I, we, you, they, people, girls…
Khẳng định: động từ giữ nguyên ở dạng nguyên thể: S + Vo
Eg: they run away We play the guitar
Phủ định: S + do + not + Vo Viết tắt don’t
Eg: they do not run away We don’t play the guitar
Nghi vấn: Do +S + Vo
Eg: Do we play the guitar? Do they run away?
B, Chủ ngữ ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít: He, She, It,girl………
Khẳng định:
a thêm s vào động từ thường
Ex: Lan often gets up early in the morning
b Thêm “ES” vào sau các động từ tận cùng là: ch, sh, s, x, o, z.
Ex: He watches a lot of TV on Sundays
MIX > SHE MIXES
DOZE > HE DOZES
C, khi động từ tận cùng là y, đổi y thành i rồi thêm es Eg: fly -> it flies
Phủ định: S + does + not +Vo Viết tắt doesn’t
Eg: Lan does not get up early in the morning. He doesn’t watch a lot of TV on Sundays
Nghi vấn: does + S + Vo
Does he watch a lot of TV on Sundays? Does Lan get up early in the
morning?
Ex: put the verb in the correct form
1.I ( eat) my breakfast in the kitchen
everyday
2.These boys often ( play) football at weekend
3
Trang 43.It (rain ) in winter
4.The sun ( rise ) in the east
5.I (think) he is very lazy
6.Why you (look) so sad?
7.Bad students never (work) hard
8.She ( go) to school three days a week
9 She (not, drive) motocar
10 these boys (learn) hard?
11 he (drink) alcohol?
12 these girls (play) badminton?
13 it (rain) heavily in summer?
14 you ( know) the little boy over there?15.Jean (watch) TV every night
4
Trang 5Put the verbs in parentheses into the present simple tense
1 I (be) at school at the weekend
2 She (not study) on Friday
3 My students (be not) hard working
4 He (have) a new haircut today
5 I usually (have) breakfast at 7.00
6 She (live) in a house?
7 Where your children (be) ?
8 My sister (work) in a bank
9 Dog (like) meat?
10 She (live) in Florida
11 It (rain) almost every day in Manchester
12 We (fly) to Spain every summer
13 My mother (fry) eggs for breakfast every morning
14 The bank (not, close) at four o'clock
15 John (try) hard in class, but I (not think) he'll pass
16 Jo is so smart that she (pass) every exam without even trying
17 My life (be) so boring I just (watch) TV every night
18 Your best friend (write) to you every week ?
19 You (speak) English?
20 She (not live) in HaiPhong city
21.He (be ) a doctor
22.She (watch) television every day?
23.We (not, go) to school on Sundays
24.you often (get up) early?
25.Your mother usually (buy) vegetables in this market?
26.His friend and he often (go) to school by bike?
27.My girlfriend (not, be) a beautiful girl
28.The concert often (begin) at 7pm
29.My father (have) coffee for breakfast every day
30.The students never (work) hard
Trang 6The Present Progressive Tense
1 Form
- Affirmative: S + am/is/are + V-ing……
- Negative: S + am/is/are + not + V-ing…
- Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing ….?
Notes: I +am
He, she, it, danh từ số ít +is
We, you, they, danh từ số nhiều + are
2 Use
Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trong lúc nói (now, right now, at the moment, at this time, at present….)
Ex: - I am looking for the latest newspaper now
- They are watching a sport game show at the moment
3 Note: Một số động từ không sử dụng được ở thì tiếp diễn mà thường dùng thì hiện tại
3_ Động từ chỉ hoạt động tinh thần: agree(đồng ý); believe(tin tưởng); forget(quên);
know(biết); remember(nhớ); understand(hiểu)
4_ Động từ chỉ sở hữu và một số các động từ khác: have(có); own(sở hữu);
belong(thuộc về); appear(có vẻ); seem (dường như)
Eg: - We are tenth-grade students now
- I understand the lesson at the moment
Ex 1: chia động từ ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.
1 Please be quiet I _ (try) to read my book
2 I _ (not/use) the computer at the moment so you can use it
3 Mary is ill so Sue _ (teach) her 1essons today
4 Excuse me, I _ (look) for a hotel Is there one near here?
5 _ (you/wait) for someone?
6 Jack, you are very careless You _ (always/forget) to do yourhomework!
Trang 77 The cost of living _ (rise) very fast Every year things are more
expensive
8 What _ (you/do)? I _ (clean) my shoes
9 Why you _ (wear) shorts? It's so cold today
10 The neighbours are so noisy! They _ (always/argue) 1oudly.11.My father (have) coffee for breakfast at the present
12.right now the students (study) new lession
13.Our mother (buy) vegetables in this market at the moment?
14 John (not read) a book now
15 What you (do) tonight?
16 Jack and Peter (work) late today
17 Silvia (not listen) to music at the moment
18 Maria (sit) next to Paul right now
19 How many other students you (study) with today?
20 He always (make) noisy at night
21 Where your husband (be) ?
22 She (wear) earrings today
23 The weather (get) cold this season
24 My children (be) upstairs now They (play) games
25 Look! The bus (come)
26 He (borrow) me money at the moment
27 While I (do) my housework, my husband (read) books
Ex 2: chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc với 2 thì hiện tại đơn giản và hiện tại tiếp diễn.
1 She a1ways _ (remember) my birthday
2 Mr Brown _ (work) in a supermarket
3 Look! It _ (snow)
4 Can you hear those girls? What _ (they/ta1k) about?
Trang 89 Can you drive? No, but I _ (learn) at the moment.
10.Hurry! The bus _ (come) I _ (not/want) to miss it
11 I (have) coffee for breakfast every day
12 My brother (work) in a shoe store this summer
13 The student (look) _ up that new word now
14 She (go) to school every day
15 We (do) this exercise at the moment
16 Miss Helen (read) _ a newspaper now
17 It (rain) very much in the summer It (rain) _ now
18 he never (go) out at midnight
19 He generally (sing) in English, but today he (sing) inSpanish
20 We seldom (eat) before 6.30
21 She sometimes (buy) _ vegetables at his market
22 Be quiet The baby (sleep)
23 We always (do) _ our exercises carefully
24 Look A man (run) _ after the train He (want) _ to catch it
25 It (be) very cold now
26 John (travel) to England tomorrow
27 I (need) some money for my textbooks
28 Tom (like) to go to the museums
29 Mary (love) ice-cream
30 My mother (cook) _ some food in the kitchen at present She always(cook) in the morning
31 I often (leave) the city at weekends
32 The guests (watch) the TV programmes now
Trang 933 I (see) _ you (wear) _ your best clothes.
34 The sun (set) _ in the west
35 My friend (study) English for an hour every night
The Present Perfect Tense
1 Form
- Affirmative: S + has/have +V3/ed…
- Negative: S + has/have + not + V3/ed…
- Interrogative: Has/Have + S + V3/ed….?
Notes: chủ ngữ số ít, he,she, it + has
Chủ ngữ số nhiều, we, I, they, you + Have
2 Use
a diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ và còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại (các trạng từ thường dùng: never, ever, not…yet, since, for, so far, until now, up to now,…….)
Ex: We have learnt English for 5 years
b diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra (các trạng từ thường dùng: just, recently, lately)
Ex: She has just gone out
c diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời gian (already,
before)
Ex: Have you seen this movie before?
d một số cụm từ thường dùng với hiện tại hoàn thành
so far = until now = up to now ,how long ? It is the first / second / third … time, twice/ many / three… times
3 Notes
a Cách dùng của since và for
- SINCE: cho mốc thời gian (2000, September, I last saw you, …)
- FOR: cho khoảng thời gian (3 months, a long time, ages, …)
b S + has/have +V3/ed…… since + S + V2/ed….
Ex: We have known each other since we worked in this factory
c Các trạng từ: never, ever, just, already thường đứng giữa trợ động từ (has/ have) và
động từ chính (V3/ed)
Ex: I have already finished my homework.
Trang 104, bị động của thì hiện tại hoàn thành.
Cấu trúc: O + Has, Have + been + P2
Eg: (A) They have sold the house recently
(P) The house has been sold recently
Ex: give the correct form of the verb in present perfect tense.
1 I (try)……… to learn English for years, but I (not succeed)
……… yet
2 That book (lie) ……… on the table for weeks You (not read)
……… it yet?
3 He (not, be) ……… here since Christmas
4 He (write) ……… a novel for two years, but he (not, finish)
……… it yet
5 I (see) ……… that film several times because I like it
6 Jack (look)……… no trouble with my English lesson up to now
7 We ( study)……… almost every lesson in this book so far
8 How long you (learn)……… English?
9 Tom (never, be)……… in Hanoi
10.I am sorry I (forget) ……… that girl’s name already
11.Laura never (win) ……… a beauty contest
12.I (listen) ……… to the new Tom Waits CD yet
13.(you see)……… any good films recently
14.The population of India (increase)……… since 1992
15.You ever (write) ……… a love letter for Valentine’ Day?
16.You ever (meet)……… a famous person
17.We already (see) ……… the film at home
18.Keren (send) ……… me an email
19.My boy friend (give)……… up smoking for 2 months
20.They (be)……… at the pet shop for 5 minutes
21.We (do,just) ……… the shopping for our grandmother
22.You can have that newspaper I (finish) ……… with it yet
23.There is no more cheese I (eat) ……… it all, I’m afraid
Trang 1124.The bill isn’t right They (make)……… a mistake.
25.Don’t you want to see this programme? It (start,just).………
Ex: Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct tense
1 He (practice) _ the piano every day
2 I (believe) you
3 Bob (see) this movie before
4 Jorge (read) the newspaper already
5 Maria (have) _ a cold now
6 He (swim) _ right now
7 Mr Johnson (work) in the same place for 35 years
8 We (not begin) _ to study for the test yet
9 John (hate) smoke
10 Jill always (get up) at 6.00 a.m
11 Joan (travel) _ around the world
12 We (not see) _ this movie yet
13 Terry (mow) the lawn yet
14 John and I (be) pen pals for nearly 3 years
15 Maryam (stay) with us at the moment
16 He (wear) _ the same coat since he (move) _ here
17 I (not see) _ your brother recently
18 Listen to those people! What language they (speak) _?
19 It (not rain) much in our country in winter
20 I never (talk) _ to such an interesting person
Ex: Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.
1/ I (be) sorry I (forget) that fellow’s name already
2/ Jack (look) forward to his vacation next June
3/ I (have) no trouble with my english lessons up to now.4/ Mr and Mrs Brown (be) _ in New York for 2 months.5/ Michael (work) 38 hours a week
6/ At present, that author (write) _ a novel
7/ George (do) good work in this class so far
Trang 128/ The weather( generally, get) hot in July
9/ You must wake her up She (sleep) soundly for 10 hours.10/ Listen! I (think) someone (knock)
at the front door
11/ How long (you learn) English?
12/ That student (know) all the new words very well now.13/ Alice (lose) her Vienamese-English dictionary
14/ Fred (just, graduate) from Oxford University
15/ The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days
16/ That grandfather clock (stand) there for as long as I can remember
17/ That brown briefcase (belong) to Dr.Rice
18/ Jim (work) on his report this year
19/ Robert (wait) for you since noon
20/ That museum (stand) _ here for ceturies
21/ The sun (get) very hot during the afternoon
22/ Tom (buy) _ a new car next week
23/ The boys and girls (go) _ home after this lesson
24/ Davis (play) football every afternoon
25/ Up to the present, we (write) almost every lesson in this book
THE PAST SIMPLE, THE PAST PROGRESSIVE AND THE PAST PERFECT The Past Simple Tense
1 Form to be
- Affirmative: S + V2/ed… S + was/were……
- Negative: S + did + not + V… S + was/were + not…
- Interrogative: Did + S + V….? Was/Were + S ….?
Notes: ở động từ tobe: chủ ngữ số ít, he, she, it + was
chủ ngữ số nhiều, I, we, you, they + were
ở động từ thường dạng khẳng định không phân biệt chủ ngữ số ít hay nhiều, khi chia
ở quá khứ đơn thì tra bảng đối với động từ bất quy tắc, thêm ed với động từ theo quy
tắc.dạng phủ định và nghi vấn đều dùng trợ động từ did cho chủ ngữ số ít và số nhiều
Trang 132 Use
a diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và xác định rõ thời gian (yesterday, ago, last……, in the past, in 1990)
Ex: - My father bought this house 10 years ago
- Mr Nam worked here in 1999
b diễn tả một loạt hành động xảy ra liên tiếp trong quá khứ
Ex: - Last night, I had dinner, did my homework, watched TV and went to bed
- When she came here in 1990, she worked as a teacher
Ex: chia động từ to be ở thì quá khứ đơn
1 he (be) in prison 3 years ago
2 they (be) these boys whom the teacher punnished yesterday
3 Jame(be) beautiful before she was injured in the accident?
4 Mary(be,not) at the top group last year
5 we (be,not) at the stadium last Sunday
6 you (be) _with him in the past?
7 my house (be) here until 1980
8 last night, she (be) in her bad temper because of her bad son
9 in the 1990s, he (be) a big star
10.when she(be) a teacher in 2000, she(be) at the peak of her energy
Ex: chia động từ thường ở thì quá khứ đơn
1 We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday
2 My wife and I (travel) to London by air last summer
3 I (have) a little trouble with my car last week
4 What you (do) yesterday?
5 Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970
6 We (watch) a good programme on TV last night
7 he (meet) Mary last night?
8 I (see, not) him 3 weeks ago
9 She (lose) her handbag on the train yesterday morning
10 They (begin) to study at this school 7 years ago?
Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì quá khứ đơn:
Trang 141 Yesterday, I (go) to the restaurant with a client
2 We (drive) around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space
3 When we (arrive) at the restaurant, the place (be) full
4 The waitress (ask) us if we (have) reservations
5 I (say) , "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6 The waitress (tell) us to come back in two hours
7 My client and I slowly (walk) back to the car
8 Then we (see) a small grocery store
9 We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) some sandwiches
10 That (be) better than waiting for two hours
11 I (not go) to school last Sunday
12 She (get) married last year?
13 What you (do) last night?
- I (do) _ my homework
14 I (love) him but no more
15 Yesterday, I (get) up at 6 and (have) breakfast at 6.30
Ex: Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.
1/ We (never watch) that TV programme
2/ We (watch) a good programme on TV last night
3/ He (read) that novel many times before
4/ He (read) that novel again during my last vacation
5/ I (have) a little trouble with my car last week
6/ However, I (have) no trouble with my car since then.7/ I (not see) John for a long time I (see)
him 3 weeks ago
8/ The school bell (ring) We must go now
9/ I (meet) Mary last night She (become)
a very big girl
10/ He is very thirsty He (not drink) since this morning
Trang 1511/ Look! Summer (come) .
12/ They (study) at this school for 7 years now
13/ They (begin) to study at this school 7 years ago
14/ Since when (you know) _ her ?
15/ How long ago (he start) to learn French ?
16/ She (lose) her handbag on the train yesterday morning.17/ My mother (be) in hospital for a long time and she cannot gohome yet
18/ His dog (just run) out of the garden
19/ Mr Brown (travel) by air several times in the past
20/ He (travel) _ to Mexico by air last summer
The Past Progressive Tense
1 Form
- Affirmative: S + was/were + V-ing…
- Negative: S + was/were + not + V-ing…
- Interrogative: Was/Were + S + V-ing….?
Notes: chủ ngữ số ít, he, she, it + was
Chủ ngữ số nhiều, I, we, you, they + were
2 Use
a diễn tả một hành động xảy ra ở một thời điểm trong quá khứ
Eg: They were playing chess at 4 o’clock yesterday
b diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì một hành động khác xen vào (when, while, as) Hành động đang xảy ra thì dùng quá khứ tiếp diễn, hành động xen vào dùng quá khứ đơn
Eg: - I was studying my lessons when he came
We saw him while we were walking along the street
c 2 hành động cùng đang diễn ra trong quá khứ thì chia cả 2 hành động đều ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
eg: She was playing in the street while her father was woking in the company
Ex: put the verb in past continuous tense.
1) When I phoned my friends, they (play) _cards
2) Yesterday at six I (prepare) _dinner
Trang 163) The kids (play) _in the garden when it suddenly to rain.
4) I (practise) the guitar when he came home
5) We (cycle,not) at 4pm yesterday
6) What (you/do) yesterday?
7) Most of the time last Sunday we (sit) _in the park
8) while she (buy) _some clothes, he (watch) _some new products
9) they(sleep) _ at class yesterday evening
10) she(make,not) _ that noise at 5am yesterday
Ex: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.
1. While I (drive)……… home, Peter (try)……… desperately to contact me
2. ……… you (expect)………… any visitors this summer?
3. Sorry, you (sleep)……… at 9 o’clock last night?
4. I (make)……… some coffee when the cup (break)………
5. I (think)……… about him last night
6. In the 1990s few people (use)……… mobile phones
7. I (walk)……… in the street when I suddenly (fall over.)………
8. She (talk)……… to me on the phone and it suddenly (go)……… dead
9. They (still wait)……… for the plane when I (speak)… …… … to them
10.while he (watch)……….TV, I (wash)……… the dishes
11.We (just, make) ……… the cake at this time yesterday
12.I (make)……… a presentation in front of 500 people when the
microphone (stop)……… working
13 Yesterday at 6 am, I (get up) and (have) breakfast at 6.30am
14 I (love) him but no more
15 What you (do) last night? I (do) my homework
16 She (get) married 3 years ago?
17 We (stop) at grocery store and (buy) something
18 .they (participate) in the beauty contest orgnazied by our university last summer?
Trang 1719 We (drive) around the parking lot to find a parking place last week
20 Where you (live) when you were young?
21 Where you (teach) before you came here?
22 He (try) to lift a box but he couldn't
23 Alice hurt herself while she (skate)
24 I met my neighbor while I (walk) home from work
25 Kien stepped on Maria's feet w hile they (dance) together
26 Sally (have) dinner last night when somebody (clock) the door
27 Jane (sleep) when the telephone rang
28 As I (walk) to the lab, I met my friend
29 They (study) two hours last night
30 It (rain) hard when I got up
31 What she (write) when I came in the room?
Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense (2)
1/ He (sit) in a bar when I (see) him
2/ When I (go) out, the sun (shine)
3/ The light (go) out while I (have) tea
4/ When it (rain) , she(carry) an umbrella.5/ We (walk) to the station when it (begin) torain
6/ He (teach) English for 2 months when he (live) in Germany and (work) as a journalist
7/ The house (burn) fast, so we (break) thewindow to get out
8/ He (eat) three sandwiches while you (talk)
to him
9/ The servant (drop) two cups while she (wash up) last night;neither of them (break)
Trang 1810/ While I (write) a letter, the telephone (ring) ; as he (go) to
answer it, he (hear) a knock on the door; the telephone (still, ring) while he
(walk) to the door, but just as he (open) it, it (stop)
The Past Perfect Tense
1 Form
- Affirmative: S + had + V3/ed…
- Negative: S + had + not + V3/ed…
- Interrogative: Had + S + V3/ed….?
2 Use
a diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ
Ex: By the end of last month, she had made 4 skirts
b diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và hoàn thành trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ (before, after, by the time) Hành động xảy ra trước thì dùng quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau thì dùng quá khứ đơn
Ex: - After Nam had done his homework, he went to bed
- They had lived in Dong Thap before they moved to HCM city
Ex: put the verb in past perfect tense
1 I (study) _ _ extremely hard before the test was given
2 You (pick) _ _ a lot of tomatoes from your garden before we had any ripe ones in ours
3 We (expect) _ _ to find many vacant hotel rooms, but we only found one
4 They (play,not) _ in the Super Bowl in 1990, so they were not more prepared in 1995
5 He (enjoy) _ color photography before he tried black-and-white film?
6 She (look) _ all over town for a formal dress before she found one she liked
7 It (jump) _ out of its cage just before we arrived at the zoo
8 these flowers(bloom) _ before it went die
9 the girl(be) _ in the bathroom before she went out
Trang 1910.after they(talk) _ to each other, they broke apart
Ex: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense.
1) The house (be)……… much smaller than I (think)……… at first
2) Before I (go)……… to bed, I (take)……… a bath
3) The girl (ask)……… what (happen)……… to her ice scream
4) I (rest)……… after I (finish)……… my work
5) she (do)……… nothing before she ( meet)……… me
6) After she (go)……….he (be) ……….so sad
7) My grandmother (die)……… after the docters (treat) ………with all their kindness
8, The plane (leave)……….by the time we (get)……….to the airport
9, He (quit)……… the job because the employee (give)………a low salary
10, the murder (hide)……… 3 days before the police (find) him yesterday
Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense (2)
1/ They (go) home after they (finish) theirwork
2/ He (do) _ nothing before he (see) _ me
3/ He (thank) me for what I (do) for him.4/ I (be) sorry that I (hurt) him
5/ After they (go) , I (sit) down and (rest)
6/ When I (arrive) , the dinner (already, begin)
7/ My friend (not see) me for many years when I (meet) last week
8/ He (learn) English before he (leave) forEngland
9/ In England, he soon (remember) all he (learn)
Trang 2010/ They (tell) him they (not meet) himbefore.
11/ He (ask) why we (come) so early
12/ She (say) that she (already, see) _ Dr.Rice
13/ By the time Bill (get) there, the meeting (start)
14/ When we (arrive) at our place, we (find) that a burglar(break) in
15/ Almost everybody (leave) _ for home by the time we (arrive) .
Ex : Put the verb in brackets in the Past simple, Past perfect or Present perfect
1.She didn’t notice that she (never see) ……….……… that film before
2 I suddenly (remember) that I ……… (forget) my keys
3 Bill no longer has his car He (sell) ……… it
4 (Have/you/put) ……… Off the fire before you (go) ……… out.5.I was very pleased to see Mary again I (not see) ……… for a long time
6 I thanked her for everything she (do) ……… for me
7.When I got to the office, I (realize) ………… I (forget) ……… to lock the door8.Who is that woman? I (never seen) ……… … …… her before
9.Tom was not at home when I (arrive)……… He (just go) ……… out.10.She said it (be) ……… the first time she (meet) ……… such a man
Past perfect continuous
1 Công thức:
(+) S + had been + V-ing + (O)
(-) S + had not + been + V-ing + (O)
(?) Had + S +been + V-ing + (O)?
2 Cách dùng:
- Dùng để chỉ một việc đã xảy ra trước một hành động quá khứ khác, và trong khi hành động quá khứ thứ 2 xảy ra, thì hành động quá khứ thứ nhất vẫn tiếp tục
Ví dụ: When I was woken up, it had ben raining very hard
When I came, they had been singing for more than two hours
Trang 21- Một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong Quá khứ (nhấn mạnh tính tiếp diễn)
Ví dụ: I had been thinking about that before you answered it
Ex: past perfect continuous
1 I was very tired when I arrived home I (work)
……….hard all day
2 we(sleep)………for 12 hours when he woke us up
3 we (wait)……… at the station fofr 90 minutes when the train finally arrived
4 we (look for)………her ring for two hours and then
we found it in the bathroom
5 I (not walk)………for a long time, when it
suddenly began to rain
6 how long (she, learn)………English before she went to London?
7 he (drive)……… less than an hour when he ran out of petrol
8 they were very tired in the evening because they (help)
………on the farm all day
9 I (not, work)……… all day, so I wasn’t tired and went to the disco at night
10.they (circle)………all day so their legs were sore in the evening
11.they (chat)……… for over 2 hours
12.I (wait)……… there for ages
13.she (sit)………there for 20 minutes before the doctor called her name
14.they (jog)……… for a while before they got tired
15.I (wait)……… for the bus for 10 minutes when it arrived16.she (want)……… to rest a bit because she cleaned the whole day
17.Alex (play)………golf for many years before he retired
Trang 2218.they decided to break up because they (fight)………for a long time
19.Susan was hungry because she (eat,not)………the whole day
20.peter (drink)………too much, so he had to run to the bathroom a lot
Ex: past perfect and past perfect continuous
1 After she (finish) breakfast, she left the house
2 Before he came to Ha Noi, he (live) in Da Nang
3 He (spend) three years in Taiwan when he was a child
4 He told me he (never/ be) to Australia before
5 They told me they (never/ see) anything like that
6 I couldn't get in because I (lose) my keys
7 I felt really stupid because I (make) a lot of mistakes
8 I paid for the window because my son (break) it
9 I told him I didn't know who (steal) his pen
10 When i saw her, I knw we (never/ meet) before
11 The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build)
12 He (not/ be) to Cape Town before 2000
13 We (sleep) for 2 hours when he woke us up
14 They (wait) at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived
15 When she went out, she (already/ do) her homework
The Future Simple Tense
1 Form
- Affirmative: S + will/shall + Vo….
- Negative: S + will/shall + not + Vo…
- Interrogative: Will/Shall + S + Vo….?
Trang 23(will not = won’t; shall not = shan’t)
2 Use
Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong tương lai (tomorrow, in the future, next… )
Ex: It will rain tomorrow
Chú ý: thì hiện tại đơn sẽ được dùng thay thế cho thì tương lai đơn trong các mệnh đề trạng
ngữ chỉ thời gian (bắt đầu bằng “when” “before” “until” )
_ You will see him when he comes back tomorrow (“comes” được dùng trong mệnh
đề thời gian “when”)
_ I will not send her your letter until you arrive London.
Thì tương lai gần:(Tương lai chỉ ý định)
Công thức:
S + am/ is/ are + going to + V(inf.) …….(dự định sẽ)
S + am/ is/ are + Ving… (sắp sửa)
Cách dùng:
Thì này được dùng để diễn tả 1 hành động sắp xảy ra hoặc 1 dự định sắp tới (thường trong câu không có cụm từ chỉ thời gian)
Eg: My father is retiring
Where are you going to spend your holidays?
CHÚ Ý: Be going to là thì tương lai dự định, nghĩa là nó có trong dự định, trong kế hoạch
chứ không phải ngẫu nhiên
Thời Present Progressive là thì hiện tại tiếp diễn, diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra lúc ta nói (hoặc) đang xảy ra thì hành động khác xen vào
Ex: future simple (1)
1 A: “There's someone at the door.”
B: “I _ (get) it.”
2 Joan thinks the Conservatives _ (win) the next election
3 A: “I’m moving house tomorrow.”
B: “I _ (come) and help you.”
4 If she passes the exam, she _ (be) very happy
5 I _ (be) there at four o'clock, I promise
6 A: “I’m cold.”
B: “I _ (turn) on the fire.”
Trang 247 A: “She's late.”
B: “Don't worry she _ (come).”
8 The meeting _ (take) place at 6 p.m
9 If you eat all of that cake, you _ (feel) sick
10 They _ (be) at home at 10 o'clock
Ex: future simple (2)
1 I'm afraid I _ (not / be) able to come tomorrow
2 Because of the train strike, the meeting _ (not / take) place
at 9 o'clock
3 A: “Go and tidy your room.”
B: “I _ (not / do) it!”
4 If it rains, we _ (not / go) to the beach
5 In my opinion, she _ (not / pass) the exam
6 A: “I'm driving to the party, would you like a lift?”
B: “Okay, I _ (not / take) the bus, I'll come with you.”
7 He _ (not / buy) the car, if he can't afford it
8 I've tried everything, but he _ (not / eat)
9 According to the weather forecast, it _ (not / snow)
tomorrow
10 A: “I'm really hungry.”
B: “In that case we _ (not / wait) for John.”
Ex: future simple (3)
1 (they / come) tomorrow?
2 When (you / get) back?
3 If you lose your job, what (you / do)?
4 In your opinion, (she / be) a good teacher?
5 What time (the sun / set) today?
6 (she / get) the job, do you think?
7 (David / be) at home this evening?
8 What (the weather / be) like tomorrow?
9 There’s someone at the door, (you / get) it?
10 How (he / get) here?
Trang 25Ex: present simple or future simple or present continuous
1.she (go) - to school everyday
2 there (to be) - big problems in many parts of the world
3 A lot of people (go) - to work by car
4 Davis never (take) - the bus to school
5 He plays volleyball but he (not enjoy) - it
6 Most shops usually (open) - at 8.00 a.m and (close) - at 6.00 p.m
7 School children (wear) - uniform on Monday
8 I (want) - to buy some stamps
9 Ruth (live) - with his parents in an apartment
10 He is writing a postcard and (watch) - TV at the same time 11.He often ……… (go) to school on foot
12 She ……….(go) to school everyday
13 Bad students never ……….(work) hard
14 The teacher always ……….(point) at the black – board when
he ……….(want) to explain something
15 Mother ……….(cook) some food in the kitchen at the moment, she always ……….(cook) in the morning
16 I always ……….(meet) him on the corner of this street
17 He ……… (meet) the dentist next week
18 They …… usually ………… (not go) to school by motorbike
19 She ……… (come) here next month
20 They ……… (not be) doctors
21 He often ……… (get) up late
22 ……… you often ……….(watch) TV?
23 I usually ……… (go) shopping on weekend
24 Hai often ………(wash) his face at 6.15
25 Thanh and Mai always ………(see) a movie on Saturday
26 ………….he often ………(take) a bus to school?
27 We ………(be) student in class 8A
Trang 2628 He usually ………(take) a taxi to the airport.
29 She ………(go) to work by bus tomorrow
30 .………… you ………(see) the doctor next week
31 Mai and Nam ………(go) to the movie theater tomorrow evening
32 They ………(plant) trees a long this street next month
33 .…………he ………(write) to his friend next week
34 He often ………(pick) his friend up at the rain way station morning
35 They sometime ………(do) morning exercises at 5.30
36 Hung ………(run) about 5 km every morning
37 I often ………(wash) my clothes
38 They always ………(talk) to each other in the weekend
39 The sun …………(rise) in the East and ………… (set) in the West
40 Where ………… she ………(buy) her breakfast every morning?41.We (go) out when the rain (stop)
42.I (stay) _ here until he (answer) me
43.Wait until I (catch) you
44.I (be) _ ready before you (count) _ ten
45.John must eat his breakfast before he (go) out
46.Miss Helen (help) _ you as soon as she (finish) _ that letter.47.He (tell) _ you when you (get) there
48.She (not come) until you (be) _ ready
49.He (tell) you when you (ask) him
50.I (come) and (see) _ you before I (leave) for England
EX: future simple, present continuous and near future
1 Who would like to do this? Any volunteers?
- " I it"
2 Next week, CNN television _ almost the entire day to programs first broadcast in the 1960s
devotes
3 Why did you buy so many eggs?
Trang 27- " I _ cakes"
4 Although it is a problem in France only, I think I _ the rest of the world soon
5 "Oh, this box is very heavy!"
- " I it for you"
carrying
6 We have run out of rice
- " Yeah, I know.I _ some this evening I've got it on my list
EX: Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct tense:
1 They (drive) to school tomorrow
2 Gene (eat) dinner when his friend called
3 At three o’clock this morning, Eleanor (study)
4 John (write) his report last night
5 After John (wash) _ his clothes, he began to study
6 Tim (go) to France last year
7 When the teacher (enter) _the room, the students were talking
8 We (hold) _ a soccer match next Sunday
9 Guillermo (call) _ his employer yesterday
10 Jane sent a letter to his university after she (receive) _ her scholarship check
11 The car (flip) ten times before it landed on its roof
12 While Joan was writing the report, Henry (look) _ for more information
13 What you (do) last weekend?
14 Mr and Mrs Ba (take) _ some beautiful photos a few days ago
15 Her brother (talk) _ to his pen pal on the phone at the moment
16 They (not contact) _ to each other for a long time
17 Nothing (be) done since I moved here
18 I used to walk to school when I (be) _ in primary school
Trang 2819 He (go) _ to that book shop tomorrow.
20 Lan (drink) _ two bottles of water every day
21 She (be) a Vietnamese student She (be) _ born in Ho Chi Minhcity She (go) abroad last year to study English She
(learn) French before she began to study English She
(make) _ great progress since she (get) there Next month, she will take the final exam She (be) _ able to get a good job when she (return) _ to Vietnam
Future continuous
1 Cấu trúc:
(+) S + will be + V-ing + (O)
(-) S + will not be + V-ing + (O)
(?) Will + S + be + V-ing + (O)?
2 Cách dùng:
+ Thì Tương lai tiếp diễn dùng để chỉ một hành động xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai
Ví dụ:
- By the time next week, we will be playing football
- At 9:00 pm tomorrow, She will be watching television
Ex: future simple, near future, future continuous
1) You are busy.Tina and I (gladly, rake) _ _the yard
3) I ruined that piece of pottery I (simply, make) another one
3) Our staff (not, attend) _ the Convention this year
4) In order to earn a badge, the scouts (learn) _ to tie knots this
Trang 299) Savannah is allergic to shellfish She (never, eat) _ lobster again.10) The forecast says that it (rain) _ _ all night.
11) Grandma (not smile) _ when she answers the door.
12) We are almost late for dinner with our parents I am afraid we (not, arrive) _
_on time
13 The baseball team (travel) to Florida for the playoffs?
14) she (not cook) _ while they are on holiday at 10am tomorrow.
15) Our staff (not, attend) _ the Convention this year
16) Seth (always, drive) _ his 1975 Mustang He loves that car
Future perfect tense.
1 Cấu trúc:
(+) S + will have + P2 + (O)
(-) S + will not have + P2 + (O)
(?) Will + S +have + P2 + (O)?
- Will you have got a driving license by the time you get married next month? (Liệu tháng sau khi bạn cưới bạn đã có bằng lái xe chưa?)
3 Dấu hiệu
Thì Tương lai hoàn thành đi kèm với một số trạng từ như:
- By + mốc thời gian (by the end of, by tomorrow)
- By then
- By the time + mốc thời gian
future perfect continuous
Trang 301 Cấu trúc:
(+) S + Will + have + been + V-ing + (O)
(-) S + Will + have + not + been + V-ing + (O)
(?) Will + S + have + been + V-ing + (O)
2 Cách dùng
- Thì Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn được dùng hành động ai đó sẽ làm được bao lâu tính đến thời điểm xác định trong tương lai (Có nghĩa là đến thời điểm đó, hành động đó vẫn chưa kết thúc)
3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Thì Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn dùng các trạng từ giống như trạng từ của thì Tương lai
hoàn thành, xong nó đi kèm với for + khoảng thời gian
Ex: future perfect
1. By next November, I (receive)……….my promotion
2. By the time he gets home tomorow, she (clean)……… the entire house
3. I (finish,not)……… this test by 3 o'clock tomorrow
4. She (learn)……… enough Chinese to communicate before she
moves to Beijing?
5. Sam (complete)……… the proposal by the time he leaves
this afternoon
6. By the time I finish this course, I (take)……… ten tests
7. How many countries you (visit)……….by June next month
8. I (be)……… in London for six months by the time I leave
9. They (complete) ……… the project before the deadline at the end of this month
Trang 3110. You (perfect)……….…… your English by the time you come back from the U.S
EXERCISES FOR TENSES
1 I ……when the lights went out
2 The farmers ……in the field now
A were working B have worked C worked D are working
3 The war …… out three years ago
4 She won’t get married until she ……25 years old
5 I’ll give it to Tom if I ……….him tomorrow
A will meet B am going to meet C meet D have met
6 She ………dinner when she heard the news
7 When he was young, he ………in the army for 10 years
A has served B had served C has been serving D served
8 He ………a cup of coffee every morning
9 She ……… a lot of new books
A has just bought B had just bought C buys D bought
10 When we see Mr Taylor tomorrow, I …….him of that
A will remind B remind C have reminded D reminded
11 Up to the present, George…………good work in his class
12 The manager ………the store before I arrived
13 When the alarm rang, Frank …….out of bed quickly
A was jumping B has jumped C had jumped D jumped
14 At present, that author ……a historical novel
A is writing B was writing C has written D had written
15 I ………the parcel until I hear from you
Trang 32A won’t send B don’t send C haven’t sent D hadn’t sent
16 Mr Brown ……in Paris fore 7 years when the second World War broke out
17 By next month, I ……….my first novel
18 George …….at the university so far
19 Please wait here until the manager ………
A will return B had returned C returns D returned
20 I……… home until I finish my homework
A haven’t come B don’t come C didn’t come D won’t come
21 They …… since 8 o’clock
A are talking B have been talking C talk D talked
22 My brother ………in the army from 1990 to 1995
23 At this moment, I …… that we have a good chance of victory
feeling
24 I …… the money from him yet
A will receive B haven’t received C don’t receive D am receiving
25 It rained while I ………well
A was sleeping B have slept C had slept D slept
26 I …… him ten days ago
27 I………you for a long time
A didn’t see B haven’t seen C doesn’t see D hadn’t seen
28 She …… so hard that she doesn’t have time to go to the hairdresser’s
29 Mr Johnson ……….to Los Angeles in 19922
30 What ……….to you yesterday?
Trang 33A happened B did happen C had happened D has happened
31 The boys broke a window when they ………….football
A played B were playing C had played D are playing
32 I never go to Australia I …… to Australia yet
33 What ………do at 7:oo tomorrow morning?
34 My brother …… in this factory since 1990
35 Alice ………for Washington as soon as she had finished her exam
36 He died after he ………ill for a long time
37 I ……about him when he suddenly came in
38 He will finish this work before you ………here tomorrow
A leave B will leave C would leave D are going to leave
39 While I was going to school yesterday, I ……… him
40 Please don’t touch anything before the police………
41 Don’t make noise My mother ………with her friends
42 He…….in this office for ten years by next month
A will have been working B would be working
43 George ………this film three times
44 He doesn’t smoke while he ………a car
45 They went out for a walk after they ………….their dinner
Trang 3446 Everyone ……their homelands since the world war ended.
A rebuilt B had rebuilt C has rebuilt D have rebuilt
47 This morning while I …….for the bus, the rain stopped
48 What …….during the last few weeks?
C have you been doing D were you doing
49 He is tired because he ……… all day
50 …… at home tonight?
A are you staying B do you stay C Were you staying D Did you stay
51 John often goes to bed early and ……….up late
52 I …… anyone more punctual than your brother
A never see B had never seen C never saw D have never seen
53 I …… your brother this afternoon at Green Street
54 I understand you …….an unpleasant experience at the weekend
What ………exactly?
55 He…….a cigarette and ……… to the window
A lit/walked B light/walked C had lit/walked D lit/had walked
56 My clothes are not in the room They ……….them away
57 The results ……….tomorrow morning at nine o’clock
A will announce B will be announced C is announcing D announce
58 The statue …… while it ………… to another room in the museum
C broke/was being moved D had broken/was being broken
59 She ………for 10 hours You must wake him up
A has slept B had slept C has been sleeping D slept
Trang 3560 David ……….his hands He…………the TV set.
A has washed/repaired B had washed/has been repairing
C washed/ repaired D is washing/has been repairing
61 I …… at my report since Monday Now I ……the conclusion
A worked/am writing B have worked/was writing
C had worked/was writing D have worked/am writing
62 I can’t go with you as I ………my work
A hadn’t finished D doesn’t finish C haven’t finished D am notfinishing
63 ……….to the laboratory this week?
A Did you go B Have you been C Are you D Were you
64 We …… all our housework by tomorrow morning
A will finish B have finished C will have finished D are finishing
65 My father ……….for four years in the last war
66 Coming in to the room he…… Mary where he………her
A saw/left B had seen/had left C saw/had left D sees/leaves
67 Come to see me at 5 this afternoon I ………home until 4.30
A won’t arrive B aren’t arriving C am not arriving D will arrive
68 At this time next week they ………in the train on their way to Paris
A will sit B are sitting C are going to sit D will be sitting
69 I ………her since we left school
A hadn’t seen B wasn’t seen C haven’t seen D didn’t see
70 Look at the sky There are a lot of black clouds It ………
A is raining B will rain C is going to rain D was raining
71 I like looking at these pictures, but I enough by lunch-time
A should have B will have C will have had D have
72 John tennis once or twice a week
73 I for Christine Do you know where she is?
Trang 3674 At 5 o’clock yesterday evening, I my clothes.
75 I along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me
76 She German for two years
77 The earth round the sun
78 Mathematics very interesting to me
79 After he the house, he wrote a letter
A cleans B had cleaned C has cleaned D was cleaning
80 There are no more appeals We them all
81 Mark was listening to music while his sister a book
82 They serving meals by the time we get to the restaurant
stopped
83 Tomorrow I my grandparents
A am going to visitB will have visited C have visited D visit
84.Ted and Amy for 24 years
A married B have been married C were married D has beenmarried
85 I think the weather better later
86 I was sad when I sold my car I it for a long time
A am running B were running C had been running D have beenrunning
87 .a car when they were living in London?
A Have they B Did they have C Were they having D Have they had
Trang 3788 She angry when she knows this.
A shall be B has been C will have been D will be
89 When their first child was born, they married for three years
married
90 Sorry, I can’t stop now I to an important appointment
91 I Peter today
A not have seen B do not see C have not seen D was not seen
92 She music all day Now she feels tired
A has been playingB is playing C played D plays
93 Last year they 22 million TV sets
94 I my son the money for the last week
95 I lots about the job so far
A have learnt B am learning C had learnt D learnt
96 At last the bus came We for half an hour
waiting
97 I at the end of the month
A will leave B would leave C would have left D is leaving
98 Bad driving often many accidents
99 Look! The man to open the door of your car
100 The Olympic Games every four years
A takes place B take place C took place D is taking place
CONDITION
Câu điều kiện I
Trang 38Clause 1 (the simple future) + if + Clause 2 (the simple present)
– Diễn tả sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
We’ll pass the exam if we work hard
4 If….not…= Unless
Ví dụ:
- I won’t visit you if I don’t have time
→ Unless I have time, I won’t visit you
Câu điều kiện II
Clause 1 (would + V) + if + Clause 2 (the simple past tense)
– Diễn tả sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai Khi viết lại câu phải viết ngược nghĩa với câu gốc ban đầu
Eg: I would fly if I were a bird
(but I am not a bird and I can’t fly)
Notes:
Clause 1 (might/ could + V) + if + Clause 2 (the simple past tense)
→ chỉ khả năng
Ví dụ: He might succeed if he tried
I could speak French well if I lived in France
Câu điều kiện loại III
Clause 1 (would have + P2) + if + Clause 2 (the past perfect)
– Câu điều kiện loại III là câu điều kiện không có thật ở quá khứ khi viết lại câu phải viết ngược nghĩa với câu gốc ban đầu
We would have got good marks if we had prepared our last lesson carefully
Câu điều kiện loại 0
Sự thật luôn đúng, cả 2 vế đều dùng hiện tại đơn
Eg: if you boil water at 100 degree, it evaporates
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp
Nếu 2 vế của câu gốc ban đầu lệch thì (thường có now, right now…và 1 vế là quá khứ đơn)thì đưa về điều kiện hỗn hợp
If + S + Had + Pii, S + would + Vo
Eg: he didn’t eat lunch so he is hungry right now
-> if he had eaten lunch, he would not be hungry right now
Trang 39D But for + noun + điều kiện loại II, III
But for: nếu không có…, nếu không vì…………
You help me everyday so I can finish my work
→ But for your daily help, I couldn’t finish my work
The teacher explained and we understood
→ But for the teacher’s explanation, we wouldn’t have understood
E một số mẫu câu có thể thay thế cho IF với nghĩa tương đương
Provided that, so (as) long as : miễn là; on condition that: với điều kiện là
In case: trong trường hợp là
Ex: You can borrow my book provided that you bring it back
**Câu điều kiện ở lời nói gián tiếp:
1.Điều kiện có thật,có thể xảy ra: áp dụng quy tắc chung của lời nói gián tiếp
Eg.He said,”If I have much money,I’ll travel around the world.”
àHe said (that)If he had much money ,he would travel around the world
2.Điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3 : giữ nguyên thì, chỉ đổi đại từ và trạng ngữ về thời gianEg.”If I had two wings,I would fly everywhere”,he said
àHe said If he had two wings,he would fly everywhere
** Đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện (đảo vế IF)
Loại 1: should + S + Vo,…………
Eg: if the sun shines, they will go for camping
-> should the sun shine,…………
Loại 2: were + S + to + Vo
Eg: if the sun shined, they would go for camping
-> were the sun to shine, ………
Loại 3: had + S + Pii,………… Nếu ở dạng phủ định thì had + S + not + Pii
Eg: if the sun had shined, they would have gone for a camping
-> had the sun shined,…………
I
Câu điều kiện 1
1 If I see him I (give) ……….him a lift
2 The table will collapse if you (stand) ……….on it
3 If he (eat)……… all that he will be ill
Trang 404 If I find your passport I (telephone)……… you at once.
5 The police (arrest)……… him if they catch him
6 If he (read)……… in bad light, he will ruin his eyes
7.if the boy steal ball, the police (punnish) ……….him
8 if you work hard, you (pass)……… the exam
9.If he (try)……… much more, he will improve his English
Câu điều kiện 2
1 If I had a typewriter I (type) ………it myself
2 If I (know) ………his address I'd give it to you
3 He (look) ………a lot better if he shaved more often
4 If you (play)……… for lower stakes you wouldn't lose so much
5 If he worked more slowly he (not make) ………so many mistakes
6 I shouldn't drink that wine if I (be) ………you
7 if the dog (bark, not)………, I wouldn’t know that the house was broken in
8 If I (be)………rich, I would travel around the world
9 What would we do if I (be) ………to lose my job
Câu điều kiện 3
1 If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) ………you
2 The ground was very soft But for that, my horse (win)………
3 If you (arrive)……… ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat
4 You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be)……… here last week
5 But for his quickness I (be)……… killed
6 I shouldn't have believed it if I (not see) ………it with my own eyes
7 If I hadn’t been in a hurry, I (have,not)……… an accident
8 If we (know) ………that you were there, we would have written you a letter.9.If we (lost, not………) our way, we would have arrived sooner
10 If he had studied harder for that test, he (pass)……… it
II
1)If that hat costs much, I (would have bought/will buy/bought/would buy) a small one.2) If you (drive/drove/had driven/driven) more carefully, you wouldn’t have had so many accidents
3) If I (make/makes/made/had made) that mistake again, my teacher will get angry with