CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) A STUDY ON FACTORS EFFECTING CSR IMPLEMENTATION AND CSR DISCLOSURE IN VIETNAM-CASE AND EVIDENCE

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CSR: A STUDY ON FACTORS EFFECTING CSR IMPLEMENTATION AND CSR DISCLOSURE IN VIETNAM-CASE AND EVIDENCE BY GIANG THI YEN Graduation Project Submitted to the

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR): A STUDY ON FACTORS EFFECTING CSR IMPLEMENTATION AND CSR DISCLOSURE IN VIETNAM-CASE AND EVIDENCE

BY GIANG THI YEN

Graduation Project Submitted to the Department of Business Studies, HELP University College, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

of Bachelor of Business (Accounting) Hons

October 2011

Declaration of originally and word count

DECLARATION

I declare that this graduation project is based on my original work except for quotations, theories and citations which have been duly acknowledged I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other course/degrees at HELP University College or other institutions

The word count is 10,220

-

Giang Thi Yen

Date:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank Dr Pham Duc Hieu for his direction, assistance and guidance throughout my project He guides meaningful suggestions and constructive ideas for me to complete this thesis

Secondly, I special thank to all managers, employees and consumers of both companies Long Tech Precision and NHABE Company in Vietnam They helped

me a lot in completely survey about CSR awareness and its impact on the Vietnam business nowadays Without their co-operation, I could not be able to collect fully information to support the research

Finally, I would like to express my sincere to all my friends for their encouragements and contributions which have been important for my presentation

of this project

A STUDY ON FACTORS AFFECTING CSR IMPLEMENTATION

AND CSR DISCLOSURE IN VIETNAM

CASE AND EVIDENCES

BY GIANG THI YEN OCTOBER 2011

Supervisor: Dr Pham Duc Hieu

Abstract:

This project aims to examine how managers and employees from different Vietnamese companies represent their knowledge and their perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), also the behavior of Vietnamese consumers towards CSR positive The resulting framework based on an expansion

of qualitative research to clear the CSR performance of each situation It also provides evidence that there are large proportions of managers and employees express a highly positive attitude towards CSR and its reporting but consumer’s perception is rather low in statements and questionnaire It stills a discrepancy between what managers say they do and what action they do However, the willingness to learn and gain more understanding about CSR found from survey, it will make the bright future of Vietnam CSR implementation and CSR disclosure

Table of Contents

Declaration of originality and word count………2

Acknowledgement………3

Abstract……….4

Table of contents……… 5

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION……… 9

1.1 The important of research……….10

1.2 Problem statement……….12

1.3 Objective of research………12

1.4 Range of research……… 13

1.5 Research methods……….14

1.6 Structure of research……….15

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW……… 16

2.1 Theory framework……… 16

2.1.1 What is CSR? 16

2.1.2 Stakeholder theory……….17

2.1.3 CSR implementation and CSR disclosure……… 18

2.2 Research and Studies……….21

2.2.1 The factors effecting on CSR implementation and CSR disclosure……… 21

2.2.2 Business ethics in Vietnam………23

2.3 Research Summary………25

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY……….26

3.1 Overview of Methodology……… 26

3.1.1 Quantitative research……… 26

3.1.2 Qualitative research……… 27

3.1.3 Conclusion……….28

3.2 Data collection……… 28

CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS……… 31

4.1 Results and discussion from survey……… 31

4.1.1 Sampling………31

4.1.2 Description of results……….33

4.1.3 Result from managements’ survey……….35

4.1.4 Results from employees’ survey……….37

4.1.5 Results from consumers’ survey………45

4.2 Summary……….48

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION………….49

5.1 Conclusion……… 49

5.2 Recommendation………51

5.3 Limitations and Future Development……… 53

5.3.1 Limitations……….53

5.3.2 Future Development……… 55

REFERENCES……… 56 APPENDICES……… 59

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Table 1: Age……… 33

Table 2: Gender……… 34

Table 3: Position of people response……… 34

Table 4: Distribution of manager survey towards statements……….36

Table 5: Descriptive statistics from manager’s survey……… 36

Table 6: Question 1 –Result and Analysis……… 39

Table 7: Question 2 –Result and Analysis……… 40

Table 8: Question 3 –Result and Analysis……… 42

Table 9: Question 4 –Result and Analysis……… 43

Table 10: Question 5 –Result and Analysis……… 45

Table 11: Distribution of consumer towards statements………45

Table 12: Description statistics from consumer’s survey……… 47

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

CSR Corporate Social Responsibility

VCCI Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry

WTO World Trade Organization

WBCSD World Council on Sustainable Development

PR Public Relations

NGOs Non Government Organizations

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 THE IMPORTANT OF RESEARCH

In the last 10 years, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a more concern in the business world and a growing number of corporations that began to think about their impacts on society, first and foremost because consumers became more interested in corporate activities around the world It is also the commitment of one company to perform ethically and contributes an economic development at the same time as improving the quality of life Besides, corporate social responsibility also creates a way of business responsibility to an extensive of the relationship between stakeholders, shareholders and investors This is the result of growing requirement for corporate disclosure and increased customer demands In the recent survey, there is a lot of consumers reported having either rewarded or punished companies based on their perceived social performance

In particularly, Vietnam is one of the country which getting more awareness about CSR in business In 2005, Vietnam has a join of CSR towards the sustainable development that set up by Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and industry (VCCI)

to payment the companies that actively implementation CSR in the international economics According to Mr Nguyen Quang Vinh- depute director of the enterprises for sustainable development consider “Enterprise of Vietnam need to

be backed implement CSR, manufacturing business toward sustainable development is prerequisite, Vietnam’s enterprise survival in the context of

social responsibility, it has many companies go to implement CSR and it will be practiced more often as incentives for their business At the same times, enterprises for the officers of Sustainable Development- VCCI is committed to co-administration of enterprises and always support and guide the implementation of CSR companies to advance the competitive advantages of enterprises in the integration process

Furthermore, when Vietnam joint to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in

2007, CSR is also achieving more tended from business because of its important role with the foreign customers and partners Thus, CSR is one more essential thing in success of business in Vietnam

Besides, CSR is also the commitment of business to business ethics and develop the economics, they ensure to improve the quality of life for employees and their families, local society and the communities at large (World Council on Sustainable Development – WBCSD) Thus, CSR become the main factor to consider in the decisions of responsible investment as well Business also gets other benefits such

as developing the relationship with the workers, productivity increases and their employees will enhance attached to the companies

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

In the circumstance of Vietnam's accession to WTO, in addition to removing tariffs, environmental laws that companies take and accomplish is the most reasonable time to implement CSR There are some enterprises having a highly

positive attitude towards CSR and it’s reporting, consumers’ perception is at low state and questionable However, the implementation CSR in Vietnam is quite difficult because of misunderstanding of its important role Therefore the problem with Vietnam corporations is lacking of information and lead to confusion, mismanagement in CSR applying Understand the importance of this issue, Vietnam’s company also more pay attention to improve the CSR implementation and disclosure In fact, the hypothesis testing shows that there seems to be a discrepancy between what managers say they do and what they actually do The typical lesson recently is Vedan case in 2008 as one example These scandals have affected a lot on the developing of Vietnam enterprise in general However, the willingness to learn and gain more knowledge about CSR found from the survey has drawn a bright future for CSR implementation and CSR disclosure in Vietnam

Firstly, the research will over view the basic concept and definition of CSR in

in business thus it seem to be a best way to contribute a good corporate reputation and get profit Therefore, this paper mention to the important of CSR and its role

in business in Vietnam At the same time, this thesis also deals with the survey of knowledge of Vietnam enterprises in CSR awareness In particularly, the research will represent theoretical model and inspect of factors effecting CSR implementation and CSR disclosure in Vietnam business This will be focused by giving the cases and evidences as well as its effect on the Vietnam enterprises At the same time, the research also tends to improve the understanding of individual business on CSR issues, impacting and its importance in developing circumstance Base on the quantitative analysis and overview of CSR implementation, the research also gives the result analysis and conclusion

Finally, the research gives recommendation and some future solutions for the business to improve the perception and comprehension of CSR influence and create the better performance

1.4 RANGE OF RESEARCH

In the beginning of this research, author introduced that it is the new thread and so difficult in Vietnam business studying of CSR Therefore, it is focused on the issue of factors that effect on the CSR implementation and CSR disclosure in Vietnam Also, the author will has logistic range in learning of its important in development of business as well as give more specifically solutions At the same

time, it also represents by some typical cases and evidence of Vietnam Corporation to clear this issue

Besides, the time duration of conducting the research will from July 25, 2011 to October 17, 2011

1.5 RESEARCH METHOD

Because growing force on many corporations to carry out of the responsibility in

to their activities that has resulted in a rising of large enterprises which starting to the responsibility in to their activities that has resulted in an increasing number of large corporations starting to forward the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Due to the diversification of much previous research, the purpose of this research was to achieve a better understanding of how the concept

of CSR is incorporated in operations and focus on how it describes, integrates, and monitors CSR In order to more clear the issue, the research will provide case studies of TWO different companies in Vietnam Besides, many documentations and interviews were studied as a data collection method for this thesis The summaries are made from the findings that were the corporation working tends to CSR, which is considered as a framework of a number of different circumstances, and absolute new and therefore it’s not yet fully established However, CSR is still considered as an important part of the strategy’s activities Further more, it was concluded that the companies work with high CSR in a multi-functional through

between the business CSR monitoring and report systems As a result, it’s important for a general system that can facilitate a comparison of CSR efforts internal companies

Besides, base on primary data, the research distributes the interview and gives questionnaire to study through Vietnam companies’ managers, officers and consumers This can be examined how they understand the CSR concepts and what they know of its impact to the development of Vietnam enterprises At the same time, this is the fastest way and cheapest collection data without be sued by any organizations Furthermore, the information and any sources that use in this research are complete from the secondary data such as internet, newspapers, or something that author learning from teacher and library

1.6 STRUCTURE OF RESEARCH

In order to more clearly when study this research, the author will show all chapter

in this part It’s as well as more understand about the concept of CSR and its importance in business of Vietnam companies Specifically, the research has created by five sections as following:

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2: Literature Review

Chapter 3: Research Methodology

Chapter 4: Result Analysis

Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 THEORY FRAMEWORK

2.1.1 What is CSR?

With Vietnam development business to day, the concept of CSR is seems to be vague in major of corporations The facts there are a lot of definitions of CSR which create by many authors and organizations One of these definitions describes “CSR as a capacity to make sustainable living” It respects differences culture and differences business opportunities in contribution of the employee’s skills, the community and the government However, the World Business Council for Sustainable Development in its publication Making Good Business Sense by Lord Holme and Richard Watts, they described the term of Corporate Social Responsibility as “the continuing commitment of ethical and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as society at large” In others vision, the traditionally define

of United States, “CSR is know more as in terms of philanthropic model” The firms make profits by achieve paying tax and then they share it to charitable causes However, the European model is more focused on operating the core business in a socially responsible way, that base on investment decision for solid business case reasons On the other hand, the European Commission encloses with two definitions into one concept whereby companies decide voluntarily to contribute to a better society and a cleaner environment That means it integrates

social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis

In conclusion, even though there are many differences of norms from the many studies or other sources, CSR still implement to improve the capacity of business which motivates the firms to advance their competitive advantages, employee’s belief and customers’ loyalty as well as the company’s performance

2.1.2 Stakeholder theory

The concept of stakeholders is core of CSR implementation In this theory, the concept “stakeholders” refers to any group or individual who is influenced by the action of the firms It may be given by a wider perspective as simply all those entities with a "critical eye" on corporate actors (BomannLarsen & Wiggen, 2004) According to the stakeholders theory argues that there are other parties involved, including governmental bodies, political group, trade associations, trade unions, communities, associated corporations, prospective employees, prospective customers, and the public at large From the ethical perspective, organizations must have an obligation to treat fairly among stakeholders (Deegan, 2009) This is

a dynamic activity, as expectations and pressure change and is further complicated

by the need for managers to resolve the interests of different stakeholders and to decide it within the managerial decision making process In the case of stakeholder’s conflict of interest, business has duty to achieve balance between them

There are also various analyses and specifications of stakeholders are also provided by the marketing literature According to Morgan and Hunt (1994), they put stakeholders in to four sectors that are including of internal, suppliers, buyers, and lateral stakeholders

In other hands, based on the Freeman’s theory, Baron (1995) had divided the stakeholders into two groups, called market and non-market The market group is category in to customers, competitors, employees, partners, and suppliers However, the non market is NGOs, government, regulators, environmental safety and standards organizations, media, society, or community Both of them are impacted of the different level of social responsibility pressures or motivations of the company There fore, many actions were taken by the companies that are related to stakeholder’s expectations (Friedman and Miles, 2002) It also is important to see that the concerning and satisfying the interest of stakeholders help

to improve corporate governance and accountability that includes stakeholder communication and CSR reporting

2.1.3 CSR implementation and CSR disclosure

CSR implementation and CSR disclosure could be considered as an organizational change process to improve their performance and it seem to be a moving from a present to a future state or known as a new way of organizing and working CSR practice of the company is aim to support the organization with the active

demands of the business and social environment through the classification and management of stakeholder prospect

In addition of view, CSR implementation relates to learning over time and the able

to appreciate the specific situation and confluence of stakeholder expectations Thus there is no best way to carry out of change developed learning of stakeholder expectations and the specifics of the context that will help to make sure the modification is beneficial and supported by appropriate mechanisms (Burnes, 2004)

In the historical overview of development in the CSR literature and from theory to practice and associate versa, the ethical implications of CSR are ethics reoriented

to the center of management decisions and policies It’s also honesty with compliance or obligation and refers as the role of the leadership Further more, the level of implementation is affected by numerous factors that including the CSR model-implementation keys, the principle’s instructional leadership, the measure

of teachers’ professional community, and the helpfulness of the CSR developers’ assistance The change in implementation is linked with positive change in principal’s instructional management

In Vietnam, CSR implementation is consider as a strategic decision and a means for authority and it bringing new business opportunities According to Mr Pham Hoang Hai, Action Aid Programmed Officer in the North in charge of CSR said that in fact “CSR practice is a tool for sustainable development that enterprises can implement to add more to their economic benefits The companies do their CSR

nowadays as it assures the business growth but not damage the environment and not causing social inequalities”

Because of joint as a full member of WTO in 2007, CSR practices in Vietnam will enhance enterprises’ competitive advantages and carry out of the opportunities in export productivities to foreign markets Therefore, effective implementation of CSR is an essential thing for the whole development of Vietnam enterprises It should be concern that Vietnam has a lot of challenges when implement CSR in to business, it is difficult to assemble the demand of the community, of clients and suppliers toward the industrial development

In addition, a more important disclose from the government, in terms of public policy related to CSR is starting to become apparent with indications of increasing legislative activity in the areas of labour law, corporate governance and environmental protection This leading to demonstrated numerous companies can effectively disclose corporate social responsibility (CSR) information to the public, but in practice, reporting this type of information is fraught with legal and ethical uncertainty often unexplored in most literature The facts of there are many companies have scandal with CSR disclosure in Vietnam today

According to a recent of corporate survey, Vietnamese companies have implemented corporate social responsibities as a mean of making their reputation because of social demand changing nowadays Besides, they also believe in understanding and dealing with responsibility awareness that will get benefit for

suggest that they have to do more other than compliance with legal requirements Companies also recognize that the interview on Corporate Social Responsibility can have significant effects on their image and reputation

As a result, Vietnam companies should actively establish their reputation to compete This can be achieved by making a new internal forces, new expectations

or requirements for the firms as well as the sectors into practical actions Therefore, it important to connect between companies with relevant parties and includes the voice of the third party into the discussion for decision making process

2.2 RESEARCH AND STUDIES

2.2.1 The factors effecting on CSR implementation and CSR disclosure

Through the social improvement oriented programming, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to initiatives carry out by companies to develop their public reputation It is a measurement of ethical business management in which, for instance, a company pays its workers a living salary, provides services that protect the environment, and guarantee social and fiscal intelligibility to the public CSR typically involves specific company labors to get better social relations and environments In many situations, CSR of a company is valued by different criteria and diversity presentation However, there are three main factors

of CSR that may include

First of all, it is business management factor that mean business executives who have ability with social integrity encouragement, protect environment and business intelligibility are more probable than others to support efforts Even though if there is an executive lacks true conviction, they may judge that CSR efforts can advance the public image of their company and may even increase profit Making the competitive business advantages, they also pursue CSR programs simply to develop the public image of the company and intimate more customers

Secondly, according to Scholar Peter Weidman of the University Of New Hanover said “situational conditions often entice companies into CSR measure” That means, the managers often respond to external conditions suggesting that the community will prove sympathetic to CSR reforms Social consider that direct the company in a poor light may also make CSR efforts more attractive to a corporation At the same time, a company may pursue CSR when the same industry competitors do so in order to gain better competitive advantage in overall market

Finally, it is the factors of ways that one business running to achieve a success According to the European Working Conditions Observatory suggests that

“business prosperity historically constructs CSR initiatives seem to be desirable” For instance, they consider that there are many companies with upwards of more than 200 labors who likely understand of CSR and they can appropriate for their enterprises According to the European Working Conditions Observatory suggests

desirable In the recent study, having more companies are also more extremely to have the available implementation of large social projects and they hire consultants and experts’ who can advise for their CSR strategies This as the result

of gain advantages with competition and construct their image on the public

2.2.2 Business ethics in Vietnam

The study of ethics is a long traditional in society that refers as beginning of religious, different cultural and philosophical belief Ethics is considered with Ethics is concerned with honorable duty, accountability and social justice It is influenced by number of characters of the personality as well as the characters of business firms that is gathering of human being The simplest knowing definition

is business ethics are considered as accepted principles of right or wrong, governing the conduct of business people As well as other concept of the business ethics, it refers to all the rules, standards, ethics or laws to give information on performance and fact principles in certain cases

In circumstance, business ethics is still moderately new issue in Vietnam for both businessmen and academic people In a command of economic system, all business activities were conducted by government orders Through such orders, ethical conduct was considered as completely obeying the higher authorities’ instructions At that time, industry in Vietnam was not strong and there were also limited number of manufactures and furthermore nearly all of them were state owned thus there was no need to consider such issues as trademark or intellectual

property rights However, since Vietnam has jointed in Internationalization from

1991, there was new issues coming up such as rational property rights, food safety regulations, strikes, stock market and thus the issue of business ethics became trendier to society

In aspect of this issue, CSR is just focus on the quality of goods and environment problem in business It provides the clues to make obvious for potential of production that is influenced on the decision of clients For example of given the recent food safety scandal in China, consumers are demanding healthy and safe products, first and foremost Whereas the present of environmental protection in second position denotes greater environmental awareness, it also shows that Chinese consumers value products’ green credentials as guarantee of good quality and safety, the same way that management integrity appears obviously as a sub-set

of quality, safety and environmental concern

CSR is important in business ethics and this issue becomes the main factor that makes the enterprises succeed Therefore, Vietnam companies should be more concern about the CSR problem in companies not only increase competitive advantages with others but also support from government and improve their reputation in public This lead to the success of encourages developing business ethics for themselves and raising the benefits of stakeholders

2.3 RESEARCH SUMMARY

In the face of the growing consequence of CSR, there is small concurrence as to what it really meaning and there are many different names for the same or similar concept, such as Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Citizenship, Business Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility Base on the several of summaries, this research is given small aspects of CSR definition and its important role They all pointed towards the same fundamental principle that a company is responsible for providing more benefits It has a role to play in treating its employees well, preserving the environment, developing sound corporate governance, supporting philanthropy, fostering human rights, respecting cultural differences and helping

to promote fair trade, among others All of these are meant to have a positive impact on the communities, cultures, societies and environments in which companies activate

What’s more, the search also classifies different presenting the literature framework of corporate social responsibility in the main point of CSR concept, CSR concerns, and practices in Vietnam companies

In common sense, this research also tends to the awareness of Vietnam business in CSR and how to develop it in nowadays Even though there are a lot of limitations but only a few studies in Vietnam focus on factors affecting on CSR practices and it’s reporting which this study attempts to address

CHAPTER 3: REAEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 OVERVIEW OF METHODOLOGY

3.1.1 Quantitative research

In general, quantitative research refers to the systematic empirical investigation of social phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques It is deal with numerical measurements and consider as a typical of the mainstream scientific approach in psychology At the same time, it is used more common in social sciences such as, economics, sociology, and political science, and less frequently in anthropology and history Moreover, we use quantitative research method to relate the question such as “how many” or “how often” and we want to target audience by determining what proportion of the viewers has behaviors, attitude and knowledge of health concern, and whether specific determinant predict behaviors at a statistically significant level In general, the quantitative method has both pros and cons to be used That includes as data can be saved and evaluated quite quickly when chose one sample and the results from the sample to the entire population if the response rate is high enough As well as the qualitative research methods, the surveys can include visual material and can be used to pretest prototypes However, there are a lot of disadvantages of this method such

as they have a limited ability to probe answers People who are willing to respond may share personalities that don’t apply to the audience and creating a potential bias in this study They can be pay more money when use this method for the

3.1.2 Qualitative research

By contrast with the quantitative, this approach relate to how people understand their experience That means, the use of qualitative approach is often associated with a broader theoretical critique of quantitative method Thus, qualitative method tries to explore meaning, and might well be chosen for the analysis of issues which, for ethical, practical or some reasons are difficult to measure Besides, it also provides results that are detailed, offering many ideas and concepts

to support for your planning At the same time, the qualitative methods can tell you how people feel and what they think however it can not show you how the audience fell or thin Its results are considered thought of as subjects, they should not be reported as percentages, subjected to statistical analysis or projected to a broader population That may because the participants do not make up a randomly selected representative sample, the samples are relatively small, and not all participants are asked precisely the same questions Further more, the most common tools used in qualitative market research are focus groups and individual in-depth interview As well as the quantitative research, this method has both advantage and disadvantage when researcher decides to use it There are many pros of it such as explore topics in more depth and detail than quantitative research Additionally, it often qualitative research is fewer expensive than quantitative research, because you do not need to engage as many contributors or use extensive methods Qualitative method offers flexibility as far as positions and timing, as you don’t need to interview a large number of people at once However

it also has a lot of cons such as can not quantify how many of your audience answer one way or another or can not simplify your findings to your broader audience or the public in general

3.1.3 Conclusion

Base on these above mentioned, this research will be used the qualitative method Because the qualitative case study approach is special useful where concepts and contexts are will definite, more understanding and explanation to be derived Thus, this research is inductive to analysis and achieves the objectives of research that are improving a framework for the development and implementation of CSR practice, and to elicit the factors that contribute to its successful implementation Despite of using the case that is selected base on theoretical sampling It’s classified into different business sectors and they are large organizations and have strong effected reputation for their investment in CSR The research give two contrast of typical case are Long Tech Precision Vietnam and Nha Be Garment Company (NHABECO) This is both Vietnam Company and was chose due to its extensive history and experience in the area and its response to several CSR related and critical that has able to develop structured policies and range of collaborations and initiatives with stakeholders

3.2 DATA COLLECTION

The research methodology requires collecting relevant data from the specified

more complete understanding and reconstruction of the factors effecting on CSR implementation and CSR reporting At the same time, data collection aims to improve rich thoroughly case histories of their CSR development and the respective implementation processes The secondary data was obtained and interviews the managers and labors that were conducted to help in developing loaded insights in order to improve flexibility research Further more, a survey of questionnaire was used to collect the necessary information in which it will provide as primary data to answer these questions and objectives pertaining to CSR practices and reporting in Vietnamese companies

In this research, the data collection will include the surveys of managers and employees observations and discussion with their consumers of these selected companies Originally, a survey making to examine their behavior and beliefs regarding professional roles and responsibilities will be administered to broad respondents All of interviews are planned with each individual in order to provide more depth data collection and potential opportunities The target is to interview nearly 60 participants who have identity positions and com from different levels in the company Furthermore, qualitative method will be used for this research project such as interviews and observations to collect relevant data Each patter of managers’ survey questionnaire consists of 7 statements pertaining relationship between CSR perception and CSR practice and reporting In view of time and cost constrains, a compliance case method was used to gather data mainly from two companies With the worker’s survey, there are five questionnaires to examine the

awareness of CSR Finally, the research will provide the survey of consumers that know two companies It consists of 7 statements which cover the most questionnaire of CSR awareness and the belief of goods and services of two companies

Particularly, the survey was conducted via face to face interviews with age, gender, also through email and postage service The questionnaire will cover by the awareness and understanding of CSR It does also analyze the CSR disclosure

of these companies

CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

4.1 RESULT AND DICUSSION FROM THE SURVEY

4.1.1 Sampling

With the selected sample of the two companies that are contrast of CSR implementation and CSR practice The research has studied a history as well as their CSR implementation on business They are also typical companies in Vietnam in continuous about CSR commitments awareness At the same time, the investigator has the management survey as well as employee’s survey and consumers’ survey of these companies base on many questionnaires The sample

is chosen randomly going there with n=56

As we know Vietnam's latest environmental scandal has prompted the country's deputy minister of public security to say the country was becoming a dumping-ground for low-quality foreign goods and technologies which would push it to environmental disaster

A Chinese-backed firm, LongTech Precision Vietnam, is being prosecuted by the Ministry of Public Security's Environmental Crime Prevention and Fighting Police Department (C49) for releasing toxic waste-water into the drainage system of Que

Vo Industrial Park in northern Bac Ninh province

According to quasi-governmental Vietnam Investment Review, the abuses are one

of the worst cases to date The company specialises in producing and plating metal products and was found discharging over 100 cubic metres of untreated waste-