Food, Animal production and Human Comsumption in the Asian Region

A review

Nguyen The Thao MSc., PhD Student

Food, Animal production and Human Comsumption in the

Asian Region A review

– Land limited: agriculture, building,

infrastructure, climate change…,

 Food demands v.s Food production

“ How the world will sufficiently accommodate

and feed its human population with out

destroying the enviroment and depleting natural resources???”

3

Land used by region and country group,

1961,1991 and 2007, (FAO, 2009)

Food security

The World Food Summit (1996): “When all people at all times have access to

sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain

a healthy and active life”

People’s dietary meet and food preferences

- Physical

- Economic

Food security based on:

care; adequate water and sanition

Undernourished people by region (million)

(FAO, 2009)

Food emergency in the world (FAO, 2009)

The role of agriculture in

food security

• Agriculture products are human food

• Agri Products provide materials to another sector

• Remains largest employment sector

• International agriculture are crucial to

country’s food security

“How OUR LIFE is….

….If without AGRICULTURE???”

10

Human consumption

• Consumption of livestock products has increased rapidly

• Grown in consumption of livestock

products per capital has markedly

outpaced that of other major food groups

• Since 1960s,

- Milk: almost double

- Meat: more than triple

- Egg: fivefold

Consumption of agriculture products (1961-2005),

FAO, 2009

Intake of energy deriver from livestock products

per capital 1961-2005 FAO, 2009

Per capita consumption of livestock products

by region, country group and country 1980 and

2005 FAO (2009)

Meat consumption and share of net imports in

consumption, least-developed countries,

1961–2005 FAO 2009

Meat consumption by region, 2000 and 2050 (projected) Rosegrant and Thornton, 2008

Livestock in reducing poverty

• Livestock contribute 40% of global value of agriculture out put.

• Support livelihood and food security of

almost a billion people

• One of the fastest growing parts in

agricultural economy

poverty reduction and food security gains

 Also, many millions off-farm jobs created

along the supply chain (trading,

processing, retailing)

 Between 4-17 off-farm jobs created for

every 100 litres milk collected, processed, sold each day

Milk and /or meat

important for school

children to improve

learning ability

Poultry (Chicken, Duck &

Turkey)

Pig and small ruminant (Pigs, Goat & Sheep)

Large ruminants ( Cattle, Buffalo)

Rice bran, broken

rice Left over

grains, left over

Rice bran, broken rice

Crop stems, crop wastes

Weeds, marginal land

A: Economic: Serve as semi annual account, sale for Payments such as books, clothing, school fees B: Social: Religious ceremonies

Rice straw, corn stalk

Other crop wastes trees,

marginal land

A: Serve as long term account sale for large expenses such as buying a tractor, children Marriage or other essentials

B: Social: Religious ceremonies, Racing, bull fighting

Villages livestock Output Input

22

Percentage of rural household owning livestock, share of income from

livestock and number of livestock per household

Percentage of rural households owning livestock,

by expenditure quintile (FAO, 2009)

Share of income from livestock activity in rural households, by expenditurequintile (FAO,2009)

Livestock system

Global livestock population and production

(steinfeld et al., 2006)

Production of meat, eggs, and milk by developing countries

Livestock production by region 1980-2007 (FAO, 2009)

World production of meat 1961-2007 (FAO, 2009)

Production of meat by region 1987 & 2007

(FAO, 2009)

Average annual growth in livestock production

1980-2007 (FAO, 2009)

Consumption of 10 major animal products 2007

FAO SYb DIETARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Dietary energy, protein, fat

consumption 2007

2009 cal/person/day g/person/day g/person/day

Agriculture production

Food balance cereal 2003-2005

COUNTRIES Product (+) Exports ( - ) Imports ( + )

Stock changes &

other uses(-)

Food supply (=)

Product Exports Imports changes & Stock

Food balance, milk 2003 - 2005

COUNTRIES Product

( + ) Exports ( - ) Imports ( + )

Stock changes

& other uses(-)

Food supply (=) Product. Exports Imports

Stock changes

& other uses

Food balance, meat 2003-2005

COUNTRIES Product ( + ) Exports ( - ) Imports ( + )

Stock change

& other uses(-)

Food supply (=) Product. Exports Imports

Stock changes

& other uses

Livestock production in ASIAN

Production of Pigs and chicken (1000 head/year)

Production of Pigs and chicken meat (1000 ton/year)

FAO SYB PRODUCTION OF PIG MEAT PRODUCTION OF CHICKEN MEAT

COUNTRIES 1994- 19

96

20

1999-01 2005 2006 2007

19 96

1994- 20

Production of ruminants (1000 head/year)

Production of milk and eggs (1000ton/year)

What should we do ???

New approaches

to research and knowledge management

Science based solutions

Livestock in a changing world

 Genetics and breeding

 Feed resources and Utilization

 Human resource

 International trading

Thanks for your attention