Emergence of the animal kingdom

Emergence of the Animal Kingdom Or “Rise of the Chordates” Phylum Chordata Leading to Subphylum Vertebrata  Chordates include the following Fish Reptiles Amphibians Birds Mammals Chordates 4 characteristics notochord support postanal tail pharyngeal gill slits dorsal hollow nerve cord

Emergence of the Animal

Kingdom

Or “Rise of the Chordates”

Phylum Chordata

Leading to Subphylum Vertebrata 

Chordates include the following:

– 4 characteristics

1 notochord - support

2 post-anal tail

3 pharyngeal gill slits

4 dorsal hollow nerve cord

Chordate Characteristics

Gills in Humans! – check it out

Tunicates are Chordates!

Sea Squirts

• sponge like - filter feeder

•larva free swimming,

bilateral with all Chordate

traits

• Lancets (a primitive fish like organism) closely resembles the idealized chordate.

– The notochord, dorsal nerve cord, numerous gill slits, and post-anal tail all persist in the adult

Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

“Ontogency Recapituates

Evolution”

Evolution Playing out in Fetus…

(all these Chordates (birds, mammals, reptiles, fish, have

strikingly similar Embryonic Development)

Chp 33 – Rise of the Mammals

• Definition of a Mammal:

1 Homoeothermic – meaning that mammals

produce their own body heat

3 Hair Follicles - for the production of Hair

4 Generally, internal fertilization and harboring

of young, however, this is only a generality

because not all young are “cooked” to term

internally.

Monotremes – an Order of Class

– eg The Kangaroo, which is a non-placental mammal

Here, the development of the young is very

complex, and a baby kangaroo is born very

“uncooked”, and must crawl into the mother’s

pouch and latch onto a nipple to receive milk to

continue development You might say, baby

Kangaroos or “Joey’s” get a womb with a view 

Kangaroo Birth

17 Weeks

Placental Mammals

– eg You – well if you’re female, anyway Internal

The Placenta is Key

In Mammals, all the Major Body Systems are online and advanced

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Advanced Circulatory System

Respiratory System

Nervous System is online and

advanced!

Excretory System – ooo look,

Kidneys!

Endocrine System – Controls

you Hormones

Lots of Mammals in the Simpsons



Lastly, we can Learn Important Lessons from Mammals like Homer

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