Nhiing ket qua dUdc neu sau day chi de cap den anh hudng cua nam Linh chi len trong lUdng va thdi gian so'ng them cua chuot nh^t trang Swiss mang u bang sarcoma 180.. Cac nghien cijfu th
Trang 1ANH HUONG CUA POLYSACCHARIDE CHIET TU QUA THE VA SINH KHOI SOI NAM LINH CHI (GANODERMA LUCIDUM) NU(DI TRONG LEN TRONG LUONG VA
THOI GIAN SONG THEM CUA CHUOT NHAT TRANG SWISS MANG U B A N G SARCOMA 180
N g u y e n T h i Q u y , H o a n g T h i M y
N h u n g , D i n h H o n g D u y e n
Khoa Sink hoc, TrUdng BHKHTN, BHQGHN
M O D A U
Ung thU la mot can benh hiem ngheo vdi ty le t\i vong vao loai cao
nhat tren the gidi Ty le ngUdi mac benh hang nam ciing ngay cang gia tang Viet Nam, mot nUdc dang phat trien, ciing khong n^m ngoai mo'i nguy hiem nay Trong no lUc tim kie'm nhuEng che pham c6 tac dung ngan ngiifa va phong cho'ng ung thU, cac nha khoa hoc ciing quan tam den nhiing che pham cd kha nang tang cUdng siic khoe va siic cho'ng chiu cho ngUdi benh Nam Linh chi la mot trong nhiing che pham do
Linh chi tijf lau da dUdc biet den nhu mot loai "thSn dUdc" chijfa
"bach benh" T\i trUdc den nay, da cd rat nhieu nghien cdu chi ra kha nang chuta tri mot so benh cua nam Linh chi, trong do cd benh ung thU Chung toi Cling tien h a n h mot so' nghien cxiu ve boat tinh khang u va
kha nang ho trd dieu tri benh cua loai nam nay Nhiing ket qua dUdc neu sau day chi de cap den anh hudng cua nam Linh chi len trong lUdng va thdi gian so'ng them cua chuot nh^t trang Swiss mang u bang sarcoma 180
Cac nghien cijfu thUc nghiem dUdc tien hanh tren chuot bach tai phong thUc nghiem thugc Bo mon Te bao - Mo phoi va Ly sinh, Khoa Sinh hoc, TrUdng dai hoc Khoa hoc Tu nhien, Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi
Trang 2NGUYEN LIEU VA PHUONG PHAP
Dong vat thi nghiem: chiing toi s\i dung chuot nh^t dUc trang,
dong Swiss, trong lUdng trung binh 20gam, tuoi trung binh t\i 7-8
tu^n, do Vien Ve sinh Dich t l Trung Udng cung cap
Nam Linh chi (Ganoderma lucidum): chung toi sil dung san ph^m
da nghien nhd cua qua the va sinh kho'i sdi nam dang hot kho do cong
ty TNHH Nam Linh chi cung cap
Tebdo ung thU sarcoma 180: Dong t e b a o ung thU sarcoma 180 la
dang u bang ac tinh thUc nghiem do Nhdm Ung thU thUc nghiem, Bp mon Te bao-M6 phoi va Ly sinh, khoa Sinh hoc, trUdng Dai hoc Khoa hoc Tu nhien cung cap
B o t r i t h i n g i e m
Thi nghiem 1: Anh hUdng cua t h a n h p h a n polysaccharide EFI
chiet tCf qua the va sinh kho'i sdi nam Linh chi nudi t r o n g len trong lUdng chuot (EFI la polysaccharide chiet trong d u n g moi la nUdc
va con)
Trong thi nghiem nay chung toi s\i dung 45 chuot, chia lam ba 16;
16 doi chiing (DC), 16 thi nghiem vdi EFI chiet tijf qua the (TNQ) va 16 thi nghiem vdi EFI chiet tu: sinh khoi sdi nam (TNS) 0 16 d6i chiing tii ngay thtt ba sau cay truyen te bao ung thU (TBUT), chuot dUdc cho uo'ng nUdc cat bang xdranh 1ml c6 gan kim tiem ddu tron, xong thang vao da day Cho u6'ng nam ngay lien tiep (moi ngay mot l§n: 0,2ml/con) Ngay thii tam nghi Tiep tuc cho uo'ng tdi ngay thii 16 vdi
lieu lUdng nhu tren h 16 thi nghiem, ciing vdi each cho ud'ng noi tren
nhUng thay nUdc cat b^ng dung dich che pham EFI vdi lieu 30mg/0,2ml/l Ian x 10 Ian (sau 48 gid cay truyen), tUdng dUdng tong lieu 300mg/lchuot Tien hanh can chuot each n h a t (hai ngay mot Ian,
ke tu: ngay b^t dau thi nghiem) Den ngay thii 16 ket thiic thi nghiem
Trang 3Thi nghiem 2: Xac dinh thdi so'ng them cua chuot n h i t tr^ng
Swiss mang u bang sarcoma 180 dUdc dieu tri bang polysaccharide EFI chiet tii qua the va sinh khd'i sdi nam Linh chi nu6i trong
Cach b6'tri thi nghiem cung tUdng tu nhU thi nghiem I Tuy nhien de'n ngay thu: 16 khong ket thuc thi nghiem ma tie'p tuc theo doi thdi gian sd'ng, che't cua chuot
Cac phifcyng p h a p
- Chung toi sii dung phUdng phap chiet n i t polysaccharide theo Takashi Mizuno (1985) [7,8]
- PhUdng phap cay truyen te bao ung t h u [3,4]
Dung cu, hoa chat cay truyen: Bdm tiem 1ml, bong, con, dung dich sinh ly c6 pH=7,2 hoac dung dich muoi sinh ly 0,9% Diing kim tiem
loai 18 G trich bang b 6 bung chuot da giii gid'ng tijf 6 den 10 ngay roi
pha loang b§ng dung dich sinh ly sao cho dich chtia te bao c6 mat do
la 5.106 te bao/ml Sau do tiem 0,2 ml vao xoang bung moi chuot, tUdng dUdng 106 TBUT/ con Sau khi cay truyen, chuot dUdc cham soc can than va theo doi sU phat trien u bang cua chiing
- PhUdng phap xac dinh thdi gian so'ng keo dai them theo Norio Nagamoto [5]
ILS(%) = ( Ts/Cs - 1) X 100%
ILS - I n c r e a s e in Life Span (Su gia tang thdi gian so'ng them) Ts: Thdi gian song trung binh ciia chuot 16 d dieu tri Cs: Thdi gian so'ng trung binh cua chuot 16 do'i chiing
K £ T QUA VA THAO LU^N
1 A n h hvTorng c u a p o l y s a c c h a r i d e l e n t r o n g IvfoTng c h u o t
thi nghiem
Ket qua ve sU thay doi trong lUdng chuot d 16 DC va hai 16 TNQ, TNS cd u6'ng che pham EFI vdi lieu 30mg/con/lan dUdc trinh bay trong bang 1 va hinh 1
Trang 4Bang 1 Trong Ivftfng t r u n g binh cua chuot d cac 16
trong thofi gian thi nghiem
Stt Ian can
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Ngay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
DC(g) 20,0 22,0 23,0 25,0 27,0 27,5 28,0 26,3 24,4
TNQ (g) 20,0 22,0 26,0 27,0 28,0 28.0 30,0 29,0 29,0
TNS (g) 20,0 21,0 23,0 25,0 27,0 28,0 28,0 29,5 31,6
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Trong luang (g)
—A-DC TNQ TNS
Thcri gian (ng^y)
Hinh 1: Do thi thay doi trong lUtfng cua chuot 16 d DC
va hai 16 TNQ & TNS
Qua do thi tang trUdng chung tdi thay, trong ludng chuot d ca ba
16 DC, TNQ va TNS deu c6 xu hudng tang len d tuan d^u thi nghiem Rieng 16 TNQ, toe do tang trung binh c6 n h a n h hdn so vdi 16 DC va 16
TNS 6 tuan thii hai, sU thay doi trong lUdng d ca ba 16 la khong ro
Trang 5ret Sang t u a n thii ba, trong lUdng trung binh cua chuot d 16 DC b i t dau giam xu6'ng, cd the do t e b a o ung thU tang sinh m a n h lam can kiet chat dinh dUdng cung cap cho cac te' bao lanh cua cd the Day ciing la hien tUdng thUdng thay d nhiing cd the mdc benh ung thU
L6 TNQ cung c6 hien tUdng giam trong lUdng, tuy nhien to'c do giam it hdn L6 TNS lai cd xu hUdng tang trong lUdng vao nhuEng ngay cuoi t u a n thii ba Day cd the la do ke't qua lam tang cUdng siic khoe do'i vdi chuot nhdt t r i n g dUdc dieu tri b i n g EFI Mat khac, c6 the
polysac-charide chiet t\i sinh khd'i sdi nam Linh chi c6 tac dung utc che sU phat
trien cua te bao ung thU nen lUdng chat dinh dUdng cung cap cho cac
te bao lanh khac t a n g len d^n den sU tang trong lUdng cd the
2 Anh hifcfng c u a p o l y s a c c h a r i d e len thofi g i a n s o n g k e o dai t h e m c u a c h u o t
Kha nang keo dai thdi gian sd'ng cua dong vat thi nghiem la mot trong nhiing chi tieu quan trong de danh gia tac dung dieu tri ung thU cua che pham NhU da noi trong ph^n dd'i tUdng va phUdng phap nghien ciiu, chiing t6i tien h a n h chia 16 va theo doi sU song chet cua chuot Nhiing chuot che't deu dUdc giai phSu de kiem tra nguyen nhan gay che't, de bie't ch§c ch^n 100% chuot che't la do ung thU
Ket qua theo doi duac trinh bay trong bang 2, hinh 2
Qua bang so' lieu tren ta thay, d hai 16 thi nghiem thdi gian s6'ng keo dai them so vdi 16 doi chiing la 32,4% doi vdi 16 TNQ va 32,2% doi vdi 16 TNS Thdi gian so'ng trung binh cua chuot 16 doi chiing la 18,53 ngay (ke't qua nay phii hdp vdi nghien ciiu cua Nguyin Thi Quy vdi thdi gian sd'ng t r u n g binh cua chuot nh^t den t h u a n chung C57-BL6
m a n g u b a n g s a r c o m a 180 la 20.1 ngay) Thdi g i a n so'ng t r u n g
b i n h cua c h u o t h a i 16 t h i n g h i e m TNQ - T N S keo dai hdn
k h o a n g 6 n g a y Dae b i e t , moi 16 t h i n g h i e m deu cd h a i c h u o t con sd'ng sot s a u n g a y t h i i 40
Trang 6Bang 2 Thdi gian song them ciia chuot n h a t t r ^ n g
d cac 16 DC, TNQ va TNS
Stt chuot
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
T ILS (%)
Thdi gian song sot ciia chuot
(ngay)
DC
13
13
14
14
15
15
15
17
17
19
21
23
25
26
31 18,53
0
TNQ
9
14
16
17
19
21
21
23
23
25
30
32
36
41
41 24,53 32,4
TNS
15
15
19
19
19
20
21
22
22
26
28
28
34
40
40 24,5 32,2
ngay
30 n
25
20
15
10
5
n
-24.5, 18.53
^M
-^^^^
^^k
^m>
U ~ 1
DC TNQ
3 24.5
H
1
1
H
mm
\ TNS
L6
1
Hinh 2 Thdi gian so'ng t r u n g binh cua chuot 16 DC
va hai 16 thi nghiem TNQ & TNS
Trang 7Nhu vay, khi cho chuot bi ung thU uo'ng che pham chiet tii sinh kho'i sdi nam Linh chi khong nhiing c6 tac dung khang u (nhU da de cap trong mot nghien ciiu khac cua chiing toi) ma con cai thien thdi gian s6'ng them cua chuot theo chieu hUdng tot hdn D6'i vdi che' ph^m chiet tijf qua the nam Linh chi, tuy chua the hien hieu lUc khang u (ciing theo nghien cutu tren), song no ciing c6 tac dung keo dai thdi gian song them tUdng dUdng vdi che'pham chiet tut sinh khd'i sdi nam Dieu nay cd the la do che pham c6 tac dung tang cUdng siic khoe, do d6 tang kha nang cho'ng chiu ciia dong vat thi nghiem d i n de'n keo dai thdi gian song Hy vong d nhiing thi nghiem tac dong thuoc bang each tiem true tiep che' pham vao xoang bung, ke't qua se cao hdn
KET LLIAN
Che pham polysaccharide chie't tOf qua the va sinh kho'i sdi nam Linh chi theo phudng phap cua Takashi va cong sU cd tac dung lam tang trong lUdng cua chuot thi nghiem mang u bang sarcoma 180 Dong thdi, ca hai che pham tren deu c6 kha nang keo dai thdi gian sd'ng them cua chuot thi nghiem len hdn 32% so vdi chuot do'i chiing
TAI LIEU T H A M K H A O
1 Nguyen Thi Chinh, Vii Thanh Cong (1999) Nghien ciJtu cong
nghe san xuat sinh khoi vd mot so hoat tinh sinh hoc cua nam Linh Chi Ganoderma lucidum, Tap chi Sinh hoc Tap 21, s6' 3:
132-136
2 D.K Hossfeld, L.D Sherman, R.R Love, F.X Bosch, 1991
Ung thu hoc Idm sdng (ban dich tieng Viet) NXB Y hoc Ha noi
3 N g u y i n T h i Q u y (1993) Gay tao mo hinh u bang thitc
ngiem vd thii tac dung phong vd chong ung thilcua mot so che pham tu nhien vd tong hop L u a n a n Tien sy Sinh hoc, T r u d n g
D a i hoc Tong hdp H a noi
4 T r i n C6ng Yen, 1975 Ciclul evolutiv al celulelor ascitice
HR-18 si influenta acestora asupra celulelor neurosecretoare din NSO
si NPV in conditii de tratament Luan an Tien si Sinh hoc,
Bucarest 158pp (tieng Rumani)
Trang 85 Norio Nagamoto et al., 1978 Antitumor crocosmiflora, Planta
medica
6 Y Quyan, Q Yan (1994) The antitumor effect of the
G.luci-dum Int Sym On Ganoderma Res, Beijing, China
7 M Takashi (1996) A development of Antitumor
Polysaccharides from Mushroom Fungi, FFI J o u r n a l 167: 69-85
8 M Takashi (1985) Fractionation and Characterization of
Polysaccharide from Maitake, Grifla frondosa, Shizuoka, Japan
SUMMARY
EFFECT OF POLYSACCHARIDE EXTRACTED FROM THE BODY AND MICELLIUM BIOMASS OF CULTURED GANODERMA LUCIDUM TO
THE BODY WEIGHT AND THE INCREASE IN LIFE SPAN OF SWISS
WHITE MICE CARRYING SARCOMA 180
*Quy N.T., Nhung H.T.M, Duyen D.H., Hanoi National
University
We used 45 mice devided into three groups: the reference; the treated
by EFI extracted from the fruit body and the those treated by EFI extracted from the micellium biomass of Ganoderma lucidum
With total dose of 300mg / mouse (per.os, daily), the EFI of the micellium biomas and fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum increased the body weight of Swiss white mice carrying sarcoma 180 These products also to cause increase of the life span of the treated mice by 32%
in comparison with the control mice (means 24.5 days and 18.53 days respectively)