17th and 18 british literature Văn học Anh thế kỉ 17 và 18

The RestorationDuring Charles II’s reign 1660–1685, • Church of England • Aristocratic courtier life: model of taste and luxury • Theaters reopened and censorship of the arts declined

The Age of Reason

(1660 – 1798)

Instructor: Ph.D Doan Hue Dung

Group 2:

Nguyen Thi Minh Khoa 11128046

Nguyen Thi My Kim 11128048

Tran Thi Nhu Tho 11128095

Nguyen Pham Yen Nhi 11128075

Social background

 A nation divided against itself, exhausted by

20 years of civil war and revolution

 Immense conflicts between Anglicanism and

Catholicism and between the monarchy and the Parliament

An empire: power from Canada in the west to

Indian in the east

Leading Up to 1660

1642 1644 1646 1648 1650 1652 1654 1656 1658 1660

•1653–1658 : Oliver Cromwell rules England, Scotland, and Ireland as lord protector.

•1660: Parliament restores Charles II to the throne.

•1642–1651: English Civil Wars

•1650–1651: Charles II flees to Scotland, attempts to invade England, and escapes to France.

•1649: Charles I is beheaded on orders of a special

Parliamentary court.

Restoration/18th Century Monarchs

James II (1685-1688)

Anne (1702-1714) George I (1714-1727)

William and Mary (1689-1702)

Restoration/18th Century Monarchs

George II (1727-1760) George III

(1760-1820)

George IV (1820-1830) William IV (1830-1837)

 The Restoration of the

monarchy 1660

‒ King Charles II was

restored to the throne

an admiration and

influence of French

philosophy, literature,

literary criticism and social

behavior new poetic style

The Restoration

The Restoration

During Charles II’s reign (1660–1685),

• Church of England

• Aristocratic courtier life: model of taste and luxury

• Theaters reopened and censorship of the arts

declined

• Religious persecution of Catholics + Dissenters by Anglicans

Disaster

1665-1666: Great Plague in England 1666: Great Fire in London

1685: James II became king of England

1688: Accession of William of Orange -

William III (of Orange)

1689: William of Orange and his wife Anne

reigned England  the ‘Glorious Revolution’

1707: Act of Union united Scotland and England which become “Great Britain”

During King George III's long rule (1760-1820) Britain

The Enlightened

• 1751: The Enlightenment movement in France

• 1660 to 1800: the Enlightenment, the Age of Reason, the Augustan Age, the neoclassical period

 Scientific rationalism, exemplified by the scientific method.

• This period brought many changes to

 Science

 Religion

 Literature

The rich lived lavishly They

• attended newly reopened

• attended or hosted balls,

masquerades, and dinners in London and in fashionable

resort cities (Bath)

The poor deteriorated:

• lived in filthy, overcrowded

slums

• suffered from poor

sanitation and disease

• was sent to debtors’ prisons

• access cheap gin and had

high rates of alcoholism

Advances in science led to a better understanding of

nature and its laws

• Sir Isaac Newton:

Mathematical Principles of

Natural Philosophy.

• Robert Hooke: astronomy,

biology, chemistry, and physics

• Robert Boyle: the study of

• Catholics and Dissenters (members of non-Anglican Protestant churches) were persecuted.

Many Dissenters  other countries for religious freedom

• Deists, believers of a new and controversial religious doctrine:

 the universe as a perfect mechanism that God had built and then left to run on its own.

1775: The American Revolution

•1789: The

French

Revolution

Conditions of Literary Production

• The Stage Licensing Act (1737) established a form of dramatic censorship

• The first British copyright law not tied to government approval of a book's contents.

• The term "public sphere" (coffeehouses, clubs, taverns, parks, etc.): readers circulated and discussed the texts.

• A greatly increased literacy rates (by 1800, 60-70

percent of adult men could read, versus 25 percent in 1600

• Women published widely.

• Circulating libraries began in the 1740s.

William Blake

Painter Poet

Printmaker

William Blake

William Blake's life and time

 He was born on

November 28th 1757

 His education was

unorthodox

 William lived in the family

home on Board Street in

Soho until he was 25

 He left school at the age

of 10

William Blake's life and time

• Blake began attending drawing classes

and at the age of 14

imagine just for illustration

William Blake's life and time

• Blake fed his imagination during his engraving apprenticeship

• He visited Gothic churches and published his first volume of verse called political sketches

William Blake's life and time

• At the age of 21, Blake became a student of Royal Academy of Art

William Blake's life and time

• Blake was directed by

• Blake also met his wife Catherine

• William Blake then embarked on his career as a professional engraver

• In 1784 played as a partner Jame Parker open the print shop turning up mainly radical political pamphlets

imagine just for illustration

William Blake's life and time

what he saw as a corruption of the industrial revolution

Writing a dark satanic Mills and celebrating the beauty

of nature

• Catherine assisted William and together the

produced a remarkable body writing and

imagine just for illustration

William Blake's influence

Bible: kinh thánh

theological treatises: thần học luận

William Blake's influence

• His intellectual and psychological growth,

however, was dominated by the influence of his brother, Robert, who died of consumption at the age of 20

William Blake's influence

ideals and ambitious of the French and

American Revolutions

thinkers such as Emanuel Swedenborg

William Blake's themes

William Blake's style

His words-unrhymed

rhymed fragments and some very beautiful

traditional' poetry

sarcastic verse whose rhythm mostly derives from

counting accented syllables per line

illustrated all of the epics by hand through

engraving techniquespaint the individual books with watercolors

The End