Tcvn 7704: 2007 nồi hơi yêu cầu về thiết kế, kết cấu, chế tạo, lắp đặt, sử dụng và sửa chữa

Tcvn 7704: 2007 nồi hơiyêu cầu về thiết kế, kết cấu, chế tạo, lắp đặt, sử dụng và sửa chữa

TCVN TrEU cHuAr.r euoc'c

Boilers - Technical rcquirement of design,

co n stru cti o n, m a n ufa ctu re, in sta I I ati o n, operati o n, m a i nte n a n ce

HA NOI - 2010

CotiC; .fy c0 pniru zuEta nniu vi

i{ijl tri I_LlYtr.N KT'AT I-.q,o nouc

TAI L{}ITI KIKM S.SfYN

Trang

1 Ph?m vi 6p dr;ng , 5

2 Tiri lieu viqn d5n .:, 5

3 ThuQt ng&, dinh nghTa vd kV hiQu,,

4 Kim loai chd tqo, l5p d{t, sfia ih0a ndi noi 10

4.1 YOu cdu chun9 , 10

4.2 Quy dinh vd vQt liQu dirng trong chd tao, ldp d{t, s&a ch0a 11

5 YOu cdu vd kdt-cdu ndi froi " 11

5.1 YOu cdu chun9 ,., 11

5.2 ThAn hinhtrr,r bao hoi, bao nu6c, dng g6p, ndi hoi , , 11

5.4 Mdt sAng dng 16

5.5 Hirn dng v6ithAn hinh trq, v6i d6y, , ,.16

5.6 dng ld 16

5.7 Cac 15 chui nguoi, 16 chui ddu v2r 16 thd tay 16

5.8 Mr?c nudc , 18

5.9 Ndp phong nd , 18

5.10 B0 ham nudc 18

5.11 BQ qu6 nhi6t, t6i qu6 nhi6t 19

5.13 C6c phudng ti6n do kidm 19

5.14 Thi6t bi cdp nu6c cho ndi hdi , 19

6 C6c y6u cdu vd tfridt kd vA tinh dQ bdn cac b6 phAn chiu 6p h1c c0a ndi hdi 24

7 Citc y6u cdu vd chd tgo ndi hdi ,., , "31 8 C6c y6u cdu vd t5p ifflt, sfi dung, sfia ch[ta 32

8.1 Y6u cdu vd nhi dft ndi hoi 32

, 8.2 Y€u tdu vd chidu s6n9 33

8.3 Vltrf ndi hdi '34

8.4 Y6u cdu vd s?rn thao t6c vir cdu thang .' ' "'35 8.5 He thdng cdp nhi6n liQu - thAi tro xi,, " '.' 36

8.6 Ldp d{t, s&a ch0a ndi hdi ",.'36 8.7 YOu cdu vd s& dr,lng 38

8.8 Td chfc sfra chta ndi noi '.'40

9 Ydu cdu vd chd dQ nu6c cdp - nu6c 6 nen trong ndi hdi '40

10 Gi6m s6t chd tao vd th0 nghiQm '.'."'.44 10.1 Gi6m sdt chdt?o .".' '.'.44

fi.2 X6c dinh 6p sudt thfi thrly lvc sau khi chd tao '.' 45

10.3 Trinh tuth&th0y luc sau chdl?o 46

rc.4 X6c dinh kdt qu6 thfi th0y lr,rc sau chd t?o , , 46

11 Kidm dinh sau khi l5p det vd trong qu6r trinh sfr dung , "47 11.1 Nhfng quy dinh chung , '."""47 11.2 Nhffng quy dinh vd t<idm dinh sau khi ldp dft vd trong qudr trinh sfr dqng , ' '.47

1 1.3 X6c dinh 6p sudt th0 th{ry lyc sau khi l5p d{t vir trcng qu6 trinh sfi dqng 48

11.4 Trinh tr,l thfl th0y luc , 51

11.5 X6c dinh kdt qu6 thfithfry l{c ,., "' '.".'51 11.6 Didu tra sucd vlr tai ngn lao dQng c6li6n quan ddn thidt bi ndi froi ' ,' '."51 Phu luc A (qui dinh) - Nhiet d9 tinh to6n c0a thinh cdc bo phan ndi hoi ."" '52

Phg luc B (tham khAo) - Thdrnh phdn ho6 hoc vi cd tinh c0a m6t sd mric thep tdm , : ".55 Thrt muc tii liArr thann kh6o .,.75

Treu cnuAru ouoc GtA

Xudt bin ldn 1

duno vi s-&a eh-fra

-:"'g

maintenance

1 Phqm vi 5p dqng

1.1 Ti€u chudn niry quy dinh c6c y6u cdu vd tfridt kd, chd tqo, l5p dft s& dung vir srla ch0a c6c thidt

bi ndi hoi c6 Ap sudt lirm viQc c0a hoi l6n hon 0,07 MPal vi c5c ndi dun nu6c n6ng c6 nhiQt dO crla nuocldn hcvn 115 oC.

1.2 Ti6u chudn nAy kh6ng 6rp dung cho:

a) Ndi hdi c6 6p sudt l6n hon 0,07 MPa nhrnrg dung t(ch chGa hoi vA nu6c kh6ng quir 25lit vir tich sdgi0a dung tich (tinh bbng lit) vd 6p sudt (tinh bing MPa) kh6ng qu6 20;

b) Ndi hoi ddt bing ndng luong hat nhAn;

c) Binh bdc hoi ma ngudn nhiQt ld hoi nu6c tu ndi khAc dua t6i;

d) Ndi hdi ddt bing neng lugng mit trdi;

e) N6i hdi ddt bins ndng lugng diQn;

g) C6c ndi hoi dat tr6n tdu h6a, tdu th&y vir c6c phuong tien vqn t6i kh6c

2 Tai liQu viQn d5n

TCVN 6008 : 1995, Ndi hoi vA binh chiu 6p lr,rc - Mdi han - Y6u cdu kV thuat vd phuong phrip kidm tra.TCVN 6413 :1998 (lSO 5730 : 1992), Ndi hdi cd dinh dng lo dng lfia cdu tqo hdn (trrl ndi hoi ong nu6c)

3 Thugt ngil, dinh nghia vn kf hiQu

Trong ti6u chudn ndy 6p dr;ng c6c thu6t ng[t, dinh nghia vd kf hiQu sau:

(1) l MPa= 1MN/m2

TCVhI 7704:2007

:

3;1 Thuft ngfr vd tfrie't b!

3.1.1

Ndi hdi (Boiler)

Thiet bi dirng dd sin xudit hdi trJ nudc bing ngudn nhi6t do s{ ddt ch6y nhi6n li6u h1u cd, do nhi,6t c6ac6c khi th6i c6 thd gdm nhidu bo phAn, kh6c nhau vd trang th6i vdt lf cria nrr6c hay c6a hoi nu6c, nhung

c6 li6n hO v6i nhau dd sin xudt hoi nu6c, d6 lir c6c b6 phdn chiu Ap lr,rc cfra ndi hoi:

- Phdn sinh hoi;

- Bd h6m nurdc;

- B6 quii nhi6t;

- B0 t6i qu6 nhi6t

Nhung ndi hoi don gi6n c6 thd chic6 pha'n sinh hoi

cdc b6 phdn chiu 6p lqrc trdn thu6c ph?m vi 6p dung crra ti6u chudn niy.

3.1.2

Phdn sinh hoi

Cac bQ phdn c&a ntii hoi ma 6 dAy nu6c dudc boc hdi Suchuydn tt6ng cfia h6n hgp hoi nu6c trong phdn

sinh hoi c6 thd lA stt chuydn ddng tudn hoirn tu nhi6n hay c6 trg lr,rc hodc ld srr chuydn d6ng ctr6ng bfic.3.1.3

Bg hAm nUdc (con goi ld b6 tidt ki6m nhi6n tieu) (Economizer)

Mgt bd phAn c0a ndi hoi sfrdung nhiet c0a kh6i ndi hdi, dd gia nhi6t cho nrl6c cdp vdo ndi hoi,

Bq hdm nr-f6c c6 thd lam vi6c 6 trang th6i soi (dd c6 sinh hoi), hoic chua s6i BQ hdm nu6c goi ld ,,kh6ngngdt duoc" khi n6 duoc ndi vdi ph6'n sinh hoi khdng qua van kh6a vd goi lA "ngdt dugc" khi c6 van kh6a

tr6n duong noi ndy

3.1.4

3G qu4 nhi€t (Superheatei')

MQt b0 phAn ctia ndi hci dd qua nhi6t hoi b6o hoa BQ qr:6 nhiet c6 ihd c6 nhidu cdp tuy theo y6u cdu sfrdung nhi€t d6 crla hoi,

3.1.5

89 tei qu6 nhi6t (Re - Superheater)

iiviOt b0 phAn cfra n6i hoi d'd gia nhi6t hoi qud ;rhidt d'd qua su dung

cOllc ty co puirv t"t'"r rrN.r vA

; T ii LItrYJ KiEM SSAT

3.1.6

tiiQt b9 phin c(ra nd: hoi (A part of boiler)

M5,i bO phQn cira ndi hoi c6 thd gdm nhidu phdn t0 chiu 6p lr,rc: dng g6p, bao hoi, bao nu6c, dng tidp

nhiQt, dng d6n trong pham vi ndi troi'

3.1.7

Ndi hdi dng nu6c (Water - tube boiler)

Ndi hdi trong d6 nudc vir hoi di irong dng con ngudn ddt n6ng 6 ngcli dng

3.1.8

Ndi hdi dng 16 - dng lira (Fire - tube boilers)

Ndi hditrong d6 nu6c vd hoi bao quanh b6n ngodri dng con ngudn ddt n6ng 6 bdn trong dng' dng Frm nhiQm

vu budng ddt nhi6n tieu gqi tir 6ng lo; dng d6n kh6i dd ddt n6ng goi ldr dng l&a Budng ctdt c6 tl'd c6 dang lir hOp lfra.

3.1.9

Ndi hditudn hoin tr,r nhi6n (Natural circulation boiler)

Ndi hdi trong do su chuydn cfQng tudn hodn c0a nudc va h6n hgp hoi nu6c duoc tao non b6i sr/ chcnh

lQch trgng ludng c6t nu6c gifra phdn di l6n vir phdn dixudng cfra vdng tudn hodn'

3.1.10

N6i hoi tudn hoin cr6ng brirc hoic c6 trg h,rc (Forced or assisted circulation boiler)

Ndi hdi dng nu6c trong d6 sr,r chuydn il6ng tudn hoirn c0a nd6c vir h6n hqp hoi nu6c duqc th{c hiQn nhd

tirc ct6ng hoin todn hoic mQi phdn c0a bom ddy'

3.1.11

Ndi hoitr{c ltru

Ndi hdi dng nu6c mi srl chuydn ttong cfra ntJ6c vd hoi nu6c ld chuydn dQng mQt chidu, dugc t?o ra b6i

gi6ng 6p giua ddu vAo n6i hoi tir nrroc cdp vir ddu ra ndi hoiia hoi Gidng 6p t?o ra b6i bom'

3.2 Thuit ngfr vi 6p sudt, nhiQt d9, chidu ddy, c6ng sudt vi tudi ilrg thidt k6

3.2.1

Ap sudt lim viQc dinh mrlc (Norminalworking pressure)

Ap sudt l6n nhdt mir ndi hdi clugc ph6p lAm vi6c lAu dAi:

- Ddi v6i ndi hoi chi sAn xudt hoi bao hoa lir 6p sudt hoi ra kh6i ndi hoi;

- Ddi v6i ndl hoi san xudt hoi qud nhiQt ld 6p sudt hoi ra kh6i bQ qu6 nhiQt'

' TCVN 7704:ZOOT

3.2.2

Ap su61 thigt kc'(Design p;.essui.e)

Ap suat ldm vi6c t6n nhdt cho ph6p:

a) Tai bao hoi ddi v6i ndi hoi tu6'n hoirn tu nhi6n hoic c6 tro luc;

b) Tqi ddu ra cuoi cirng cria bQ qu6 nhi6t ddi vdi ndi hdi truc tw (tru khi 6 ddy c6 dqt van kh6a trung

gian);

c) Tai ddu ra b6 t6i qu6 nhi6t, bo qu6 nhiQt drrgc ddt dQc lep, bQ h6m nu6c'ngdt

dude'

3.2.3

Ap suit tinh to6n (Calculation pressure)

Ap sudt thiet kd c6 tinh ddn:

- Ap sudt thriy tTrnh vd r?ng v6i chd dQ ram vi6c khic nghirot nhdt;

- Ap suat m6 c0a van an tohn d5t 6 gia tri cao nhdt tr6n b6 qu6 nhi6t hoic

tr6n dudng ra c0a bQ t6i qua

nhiQt dd bi cho su giim 6rp suat tudng rrng v6i didu kiQn tdm vi6c khdc nghiQt nhdt,

3.2.4

Nhiet d0 thi61 kd (Design iemperature)

Nhiet do thdrnh kim loai lir cin cr? dd tqa chon do bdn thiet kd vd x6c dinh c6c kfch thr^r6c c1a c6c b6 phan ndi

hoi (xem Phu tuc A ).

3.2.5

Chidu dny dinh mt?c crja vqt ligu

Chidu diry danh dinh c0a v6t ti6u

3.2.6

Chiiu diy thr,rc (Actual thickness)

Chidu ddy dinh mrlc c6 tru (hoic cQng) dung sai chd tao,

3.2.7

fudi ttrg thie't kC'(design lifetime)

Tudi tno duoc bidu thi bing so gio v6n hanh cho ph6p doi v6i c6c b6 phan chiu 6p h.rc cfia ndi hoi trongdidu kiQn tdm vi6c c[ra ndi hoi

3.2.8

COng sudt cria ndi hoi (Boiler rate)

sAn luong hoi sinh ra trong mot don vi thdi gian, dugc tlo bing kg/h, tdn/h, kg/s hoic tinh theo don vi

ndng iUong (Wati, kW, MW), tuong trng voith6ng s6 hoi cria ndi hoi

iIUAN iUVet"l KTI\T LaO g0l'tC

1i'Ai l.{il,r-r Kxtriu sfiAT

^ a' -""'rcvN

3.3 Thuft ng0 vd ngudi thie't k6', chdt4o, mua

??,1

Ngudi thidt kd (Designer)

Ngudi c6 tu c6ch ph6p nh6n (cA nh6n hay td chr?c) vd c6 nghi6p vu chuydn m6n trong linh vuc thidt kdchd tao ndi nol

Ngudi b6n ndi hoi (Boiler saler)

Ngudi c6 trrc6ch phiip nhdn (cd nhAn hay td chr3c) thr,rc hi6n vi6c b6rn ndi hoitr6n thitrudng

3.3"4

Ngudi cung c{p vit ligu (Material supplier)

Ngudi c6 tu c6ch ph6p nhdn thqrc hiQn vi6c budn bdn c6c v?t lieu ding dd chd tao, ldp ddt, sfia chira ndihdi

3.3.5

Ngudi l5p dit, sr?a chira ndi troi

Ngudi c6 tu cach ph6p nhdn, c6 trinh cI6 chuyOn mdn vd c6 c6c thidt bi chuy6n dirng phr,rc vu cho viQc

ldp dit vdr sfta ch0a n6i hoi

3.3.6

Ngudicnfi s8 trtru

Nguoi ddu tu xdy dtrng cong trinh hdi hdi

3.3.7

Nguoi sfi ar,rng ndi hoi (Boiler user)

Nguoi c6 tr6ch nhiQm tnrc tidp hay gi6n tidp trong viQc sit dung ndi hci

3.4 C6c ki higu vir don vi

- 6p sudt t5c dung, MPa;

- ung sudt cho phep c(ta kir,r io+i, lvlPa;

p

Ocp

TCVN 7V04:2007

o, 20, o"20 - gidi han bdn keo va gi6i han ch6y 6 nhiQt dQ thi nghidm trong phdng, Mpa:

D,, Dn - duong kfnh trong, ngoiri c0a th6n hinh trg, mm;

d, d.u*, d,in - dudng kinh 15 khoet (hinh trdn), dudng kinh l6n, dudng kinh b6 cfia 16 hinh elfp, mm;

9n, gr - hQ so ldm ydu do hdn, do khoan 16;

ta, tnn, t"6 - budc doc, ngang, ch6o c6c d6y 15 khoan;

4 Kim logi ch€'tgo, l5p dit, sfra chira ndi hoi

4.', YOu cdu chung

4.1'1 Kim loai dirng dd ch6 tao, s&a chita c6c b6 phqn chiu ap l{c cfra ndi hoi, kd cA que hAn, ddy hdn

phSi c6 tfnh d6o, d0 do bdn theo y6u cdu cfla thidt kd, c6 tfnh han tdt, b6o d6m lirm vi6c bdn vfirrg 6

nhirng didu ki6n v6n hhnh quy dinh

4.1.2 Thdp dirng cho ndi hoi phai la th6p c6 ch6't luong cao, gdm c6c loai th6p tdm, th6p c6n, th6p r6n

c6 thirnh phdn h6a hoc c6c nguy6n td chinh trong gi6i han nhu sau:

Khi c6 su th6a thudn v6i ngudi sfi dung ndi froi c6 thd ding th6p c6 thdnh phdn cacbon ddn 0,25 o/o

nhrnrg phAi ch0 y khi thi6t kd c6ng ngh6 hdn;

Thirnh phdn h6a hoc c6c nguy6n td, tfnh chdt c0a c6c loai th6p dirng dd chd tao c6c bQ phQn chiu

ap lEc cfra ndi hoi duoc tham khir: troig c6c ti6u chudn chdt lrrong th6p vi6n d6n (xem phr,r luc B)

4.1.3 Trong moi trudng hdp, kim l':ai dung dd s&a chfa in6t bd ph6n chiu 5p ir.rc niro d6 c6a ndi noi pfr6i

c6 c6c ddc tii'h vir tinh b6n tuong iluong dic tfnh vir tinh bdn crla kim loai dirng dd chd tqo ra b6 phrindo

4.1.4 Chdt lrr'sng vir ch0ng loai v3i liQu dung khi che tao sfta chfra phii theo d6ng y6u cdu crla thi6t ke,

Khi ci nghi vdn vd chdt lugng hc6c chung loai vQt liQu thi phAi dem ph6n tich kidm nghiQnr lai vd xAc

clinh c5c dtc iillh c6ng nghd trudc kni si? ciung.

Chf irg lcai, rlrl* d&c tilih v'it fidil ,i:.i ti6u chirlin cfia ncli s6n xudt vat liQu phSi dugc ghi 16 vao rong ly lich

ndi ici,

4.2 Quy dlnh vi vit liQu dtng trong chd

4.2.1 Gi6i han bdn k6o tinh to6n nh6 nhdt c0a th6p 6 nhiQt dQ ldm viQc c0a thdnh kh6ng drroc t6n hon

450 MPa, nhiQt dQ tinh todn cfra thdnh kh6ng dugc ldy thdp hon 250 0C.

4.2.2 Th6p d0c chi duoc sfi dung lAm c6c van vi phr; tirng

4.2.3 Kh6ng dCrng gang dd chd tao cdc bQ phqn chiu ap lr,rc c0a ndi noi, trrr bQ hdm nudc bing gangn6u trong 5.10,1

4.2.4 Cho ph6p dilng gang dd chd tao van, nhung 5p sudt lirm vi6c cfra m6i chdt qua van ph6i kh6ng

quA 2,2 MPa vd ntritit 00 khong qu6 250 0C.

NhA chd tao van phAi ghi 16 6p sudl ldm vigc cho ph6p tr6n thAnh van

4.2.5 Kh6ng s& dung hgp kim ddng kh6ng chrla sdt dd chd tgo c6c bQ phdn chiu 6p luc, trr:r cdc van vd

phr,r tirng drrdng dng c6 5p sudt m6i chdt du6i 1,6 MPa vd nhiQt d6 m6i ch6't kh6ng qu6 250 0C.

5 YGu c6'u vi fdt ci'u ndi hoi

5.1.1 Kdt cdu ndi noi phAi d6m b6o an todn khi v6n hdnh, dim bAo ddt n6ng ddng ddu vd gidn n6 tr.r doc&a c6c chitidt, b6 phqn, c0ng nhu ph6i th6a m5n c6c y6u cdu v6 kidm tra, xem x6t, ldm sach, sr}a chffahodc thay thd c6c bQ phan cfra ndi hoi

5.1.2 Vi6c dua nudc cdp vAo trong bao hoi hay thdn ndi froi phii tr6nh lirm ch6nh lech nhiet d9 dQt'ngot

5.1.3 C6c chi tidt bdn trong c6c bQ phQn ndi hoi kh6ng c6 didu kiQn kidm tra, xem x6t, s&a ch[a, ldrm

sqch tai cn6 tni cdn chd tao theo kidu thSo ra duoc

5.1.4 Tdt c6 c5c thidt bi di6n v?r hQ thdng ndi ddt trong pham vi ndi hoi phii thr,rc hi6n theo dring ydu cdu

vd an todn diQn hiQn hdnh

5.1.5 Ddi v6i ndi noi odt nfricn lirau rdn c6 cdng sudt tren 4Vh phii cd khi h6a vi6c cdp nhi6n ti6u vir thAi

tro xi.

5.1.6 Ddi vdi ndi froi ddt nhien li€u l6ng hodc khi cdn ituoc t{ dQng h6a vi6c cung c6'p nhi6n liQu va

khdng chd ap sudt, tr,l dQng c5t nhi6n li€u khi can nu6c c0ng nhu khi ting qu5 tri sd 6p sudt quy dinh

5.2 Thin hinh trg bao hoi, bao nu6c, ong g6p, ndi hoi

5.2.1 ThAn hinh tru c0a bao hoi, bao nu6c, dng g6p, ndi noi c6 thd dugc gh6p n8i nfridu tdm kim loai

kh6c nhau nhr-nrg cdn trAnh tgo n6n c6c mdi ghep hlnh ch0thqp

TCVN 7704:2AAT

Khi ndi bdi nhidu tdm kim loqi khdrc nhau thi vQt liQu cOa c6c tdm ndy ph6i cr)ng nhin hipu hoic ph6i c6

dqc t(nh ddng nhat v6i nhau Kh6ng cho ph6p trdn mdt khoang hinh tru c1a th6n c6 nhidu hon 2 m6 hrin

dqc

5.2.2 Tiy theo srlc chiu bdn c0a thdn hinh trq, cho ph6p chd tao th6n hinh tru c6 hai chi6u dAy kh6cnhau T?i phdn ndi tidp giira hai chidu diry kh5c nhau, phdn diry hon phii dugc v6t thoai ddu dd c6 chiduday bing chidu ddy cira phdn m6ng hon (Hinh 1).

/t/ ,/' )'

alThAn hinh tnr c6 chiiu diy d6'ng nh{t

R, - b6n kinh trong then dU6i; R, - biin kinh trong thAn tr6n; D,o - dudng kinh trung binh;

S, - chidu ddy thAn du6i; S, - chidu dAy th6n tr6n

Hinh 1

5.2.3 Chidu ddy cfia thAn hlnh tru ph6i b6o d6m chiu drroc 6p sudt t6c dung l6n thirnh, duoc x6c dinhtheo 6.3

5.2.4 Khdng cho ph6p ddt n6ng th6n hinh tru khi chidu ddy crla thdnh l6n hon 22 mm

Ndu phAi ddt n6ng thAn hinh tru c6 chidu ddy cOa thdnh l6n hon 22 mm thi phdn bi ddt n6ng cdn duocc6ch nhi6t tdt dd b6o dim nhiQt dQ kim loai tqi vr)ng ddt n6ng kh6ng vrtot qu6 100 0C so v6i nhiQt dQ tdm viQc dinh m0c

5.2.5 Dd m6o cria th6n hinh tru (su sai kh6c giita dudng kinh ldn nhdt vd b6 nhAt so v6i dudng kinh dinhmr?c)kh6ng vtfot qu6 1 %.

5.2.6 Cho ph6p khoan, kho6t cdrc 16 trdn thdn hinh tru v6i duong kfnh c0a 16 khac nhau Kho6ng c6ch c0ac6c 16 phAidap Ltng ydu cdu tinh d6 bdn thdn hinh tru (xem 6.3)

C6c 16 kho6t de l5p cfia cdn duoc ting ctrng cho thirnh hinh tru tai vi tri cac 16 Vi6c tdng crrng c6 thdthuc hi6n b6i mQt trong cdc c6ch hay ddng thoi nhidu cdrch sau ddy:

a) Ting th6m chidu ddy cfra thdnh 6 phdn kho6t t5;

icoNG.TY Cri pH,qi.i xtena otruu vA

ioJro*o-TAI t{}iu Kg}1e4 sO.,ievr.r b) Han thdm vong ting crnrg hoic ong ndi;

c) Hirn thdrn tdm b0 chidu ddy cho phdn thAnh

Tham khAo c6c dang t6ng cr,rng v0ng cho thAn hinh tru tqi c6c 16 kho6t 6 Hinh 8 TCVN 6413 : 1998

5.2.7 Khi thAn hinh tru clta bao hoi, bao nrl6c, dng g6p dit nim ngang c6 chidu dAi tr6n I m cdn c6

biQn phdp chong uon v6ng

5.2.8 dnE g6p c6 cdlu tao lir ong hinh lru tron Khong cho ph6p chd tao dng g6p kh6ng phAi hinh trU

dd gi6m chidu ddy crla dAy.

5.3.2.2 ViQc hdn ndi d6ry phing v6i thdn hinh tru c6 thd thqrc hi6n theo c6c cdu tao chi tr6n Hinh 2.

Hinh 2 - G6ch ndi d6y phEng v6i thin hinh trqr

5.3.2.3 C6 thd khoet 16 tr6n d5y phSng vd chi dugc ph6p khoet m6t t6 Oudng kinh ldn nhdt c0a 16 < O,o

duong kinh trong c&a thAn hlnh tru

5.3.2.4 Chidu ciiry y6u cdu cria d6y phSng dugc x6c dinh tuviec tfnh dg odn d6y phlng (xem 6.i).

5.3.2.5 Khdng sfi dqrng day phSng dd ndi v6i thAn hinh tru c6 clrrdng k(nh trong l6n hon 325 mm, tru khi

d0ng day phlng lAm mit sirng dng (xem 5.4)

thAn ndi hoi dng lo dng l0a tudn th0 c6c quy dinh

,TCVN77O41.2007 i:,.'., ,i ,r,, ','',,

I

5.3.3.1 D6y elfp gdm hai ph6'n cdu tqo: phin etfp vd phdn hinh trqr (Frinh 3)

5.3,3.2 Trong moi trudng hgp, tg t6 chidu cao tr6n dudng kinh ddy (kich thu6c

pham vi: 0,2, + < 0,3, Chi6u cao cia phAn hinh tru h, > 40

D,

trong) phii nim trong

Hinh 3 - Cdu tao d6y etip

5.3.3.3 Cho ph6p kho6t 16 tren d5y elip C6c 15 c6 thd kho6t chinh tdm hodc t6ch tAm so v6i tdm trucc0a d6y C6 thd ld 6 hinh tron hay hinh elip

C6c 16 c6 thd tdng cr?ng nho han th6m vdnh ting c0ng, hAn th6m dng ndi ho{c r6n gdp m6p 16 hoactdng chidu driy c0a d6y 6 phdn t5 kho6t (Hinh 4)

Oudng kinh c0a 16 phii < 0,7 dudng kinh trong crla d6y Ddi v6i 16 hinh elip, dr-rdng kinh tinh to6n c0a 16

ld dudng kinh l6n cfra hinh elip

) I

a L6 kho6t drloc rdn gdp m6p; b, L6 khoet dudc han th6m virnh ting crrng; c L6 kho6t drloc hirn th6m dng ndi

(c, Kh6ng c6 midng d6m; cr C6 miSng d6m m6i phfa; c C6 miSng o'6m 2 phia)

Hinh 4 - C6c dgng ting cfng cho td fnoOt tr€n d6y elip5.3.3.4 Khi tang cr-rng 16 kho6t bing c6ch ting chi6u diry c0a d6y 6 phdn 16 kho6t kh6ng ph6i b&ng

cdch hdn th6m midng dQm thi chi6u ddy crla dAy cdn dugc giSm thoAi ddu itdn ch6 ndi v6i thAn hinh tru(Hinh 5).

Hinh 5 - Ting c:3ng cho 16 kfro6t blng c6ch ting chidu diy ph$n diy c6 kho6t 16

5.3.4 D6y cdu

Circ y6u cdu vd khoet 16 tr6n d6y cdu, vd kich thu6c phdn hinh trr; chuydn tidp tudng t{ nhu ddi vdi d6y

elip

t'

5'3'5 c5c loqi day dang kh6c nhu.day hQp, day cong kh6ng c6 dang elfp kh6ng sfr dung cho c6c tnrdnghop m6i chd tao Ddi v6i c6c trudng hgp d6 duoc chd tao tu tru6c, khi cdn tinh kidm tra ph6i cdn c0 vdo

dang cu thd c0a d6y dd tinh toiin

5.3.6 Ta't cA cilc loai d6y (elip, cdu, cong, phSng c0ng nhu met sring dng) phii dugc chd tao bing mQttdm lidn Cho phep tdi da c6 hai t6'm kim loai ghep l4i nhrrng mdi gh6p phAi c6ch t6m m6t khoAng kh6ngnh6 hon 0,2 Dt va phii ctr.rdc hen ndi bing mdi hdn gi6p m6p hai phia

5.4 M{t sing dng

5.4.1 Mit sirng dng c6 ttrd ta pfrlng, cong, elip, cdu.

5=4.2 chidu ddy c&a kim iogi lirm mdt sirng dng khi nric dng ph6i > 14 mm

5.4.3 C5c y6u cdu vd ndi dng v6i mit sdng, vd thanh giing vd c6c bidn ph6p ting ctrng cho ph6'n mdtsirng kh6ng c6 ong vd c6c y6u cdu kh5c tudn thrl c6c quy dinh trong TCVN 6413 : 1998

5.5 Hin dng v6i thin hinh trr,r, v6i d6y

5.5.1 Ddi v6i thAn hinh tru cOa c6c ndi hoi 6p sudt thdp c6 chidu diry < 18 mm thi c6 thd han dng trr,rc

tidp vdithdn

Odi v6i thAn hinh tru c6 chidu day > 18 mm, c6c mdi hdn dng vdi thdn hinh tru cdn duroc nhi6t luy6n sau

khi hdn Thdng thudng tidn hirnh hdn trrl6c m6t cfoan dng cut v6i thAn vd duoc nhiQt luy6n cirng v6i thAn

(ho?c d5y), sau d6 mdi hdn ong vdo dng cut Vi6c hirn c5c ong v6i thdn hinh tru hodc d6y chi duoc hirn

noi qua doan dng cut ndy, kh6ng duoc hdn trqrc ti6p v6ithAn hay d6y ndu sau khi hdn khdng c6 didu ki6n

nhi6t luyQn.

5.5.2 Cdc ong hirn v6i th6n hinh tru hodc dtty c6 thd han ddy c6 chidu ddy th6n, hodc chi hdn vdo mOt

phdn chidu diry thdn hay ddry.

5.6 Ong lo

Theo cdc quy dinh trong TCVN G413 : 1998

5.7 C6c 16 chui nguoi, t5 chui ddu vi l5 tnO tay

5,7.f L6 kho6i ir€ri ihAn hinh tru, tiran ndi hoi, ir6n o''6y co thd id:

I-T.1 r: LuIr ru rrar roo-io*o ^

SO{p* , 04:2Q07

ThAn ndi hoi c6 drrdng kinh bing hodc l6n hon 1.

ThAn ndi hoi c6 cLrdng kfnh tu 800 mm ddn dutdi 1.400 mm phSi c6 it nhdt mOt 16 chui Cdu.

NgoAi ra dd lAm vd sinh vir kidm tra bdn trong c6c bQ phan cfra ndi hoi c6'n ph6i trang bi mQt sd 15 thd

tay

5.7.3 Sd lLtong, kich thrl6c vd vi tri c0a 15 chui ngrroi, 15 chui ddu vd 16 thd tay do nhd thidt kd quy dinhsao cho c6 thd xem xet, kidm tra vd ldm vd sinh du'dc toan bQ hoic nhidu nhdt c6 thd bd m{t b6n trongc0a c6c bQ phAn

5.7 .4 CAc 16 chui nguoi, chui d6'u, thd tay c6 ihd c6 dang hinh elip hay trdn, v6i kich thu6c nh6 nhdt nhu

sau:

a) L6 tho tay dd ldm vd sinh hinh elip kich thudc lA 80 mm x 100 mrn, 16 hinh trdn dudng kinh trong 100 mm.L6 thd tay dd gi6m sdrt hinh elip kich thudc 100 mm x 150 mm, 6 frinn tron drldng kfnh 120 mm Chiducao vong tdng cr-rng khdng vr.rot qu6 65 mm hodc 100 mm ndu n6 ld hinh c6n;

tdng cr/ng kh6ng duoc vudt qu6 100 mm hoic 120 mm ndu n6 lir hinh c6n;

c) C5c 16 chui ngddi: hinh elip kich thrJ6c 300 mm x 400 mm, hinh trdn dtrdng kfnh trong 400 mm

5.7.5 CAcl6 chui ngudi, 16 chui ddu, 15 tho tay phAi c6 cdu tqo sao cho dE dlng th6o l5p vd thay the n5p

5.8.1 Mrjrc nu6c thdp nhdt cho ph6p ddi v6i cdrc loqi ndi hoi do nhd thi6t kd quy dinh nhrrng phAi d6m

b6o cAc tri so nh6 nhdt sau:

5.8.1.1 Ddi v6i nh0ng ndi noi c6 bao hoi bi ddt n6ng trqrc ti6p: ph6i cao hdn dudng lfia ddt 100 mm

5.8.1.2 Ddiv6i ndi noi dng ld, 6ng l&a nirn ngang: phAi cao hon thirnh dng cao nhdt 100 mm

5.8.1.3 Ddiv6i c5c ndi hoi dng lo, dng lfra ctrrng: ph6icao han2l3 chidu cao dng lfia tinh tudu6i l6n

5.8.1.4 Ddi vdi ndi hoi kidu dng nrJ6c nim nghi6ng hay dlmg tudn hoirn t';nhl6n: milc nu6cthdp nhdt

do nguoi thiet ke quy dinh dr,ra theo tinh to6n cfAm bAo tudn hodn dn dinh c0a ddng m6i chdt trong hQ

thong tudn hoirn

TCVN 7704:2007

5.8.1.5 Ddi vdi nhfrng loqi ndi hoi chua dugc quy dinh trong 5.8.1.1 ddn 5.8.1.4 thi mr?c nu6c th6p nhdt

do nhd thiet kd quy dinh, nhung phAi dAm bio sao cho c6c thirnh cfra ndi hoi kh6ng bi ddt n6ng qu6

nhiQt dQ cho ph6p cfra vdt liQu chd tao c5c thirnh d6

5.8.2 Mr?c nrrdc cao nhdt cho ph6p trong cdc ndi noi do nhd thidt ke quy dinh nhung phai tinh to6n sao

cho d6m b6o dri mit tho6ng bdc hoi va dQ kh6 crla hoi di vdo bQ qu6 nhidt, dng dln hoi vd c6c m6y

ding nhi6t kh6c

5.8.3 Mtlc nu6c trung binh do nhd thidt kd chon dd lirm co s6 tinh to6n thfiy d6ng, tinh to6n nhi6t cfra

ndi hoi lvli?e nu6e ndy nam & glrta hai mfe nri6e thdp nhdt vd cao nhdt cho ph6p vd id mric ldm vi6cthddng xuy6n c0a ndi hoi

5.9 Nip phong nd

5.9.1 Nhrtng ndi noi ddt nhi6n li6u l6ng, khi, than bOt, than br)n, mrin cua vd c6c sAn phdm thqrc v6t, ndi

hoi c6 budng Odt tidu t6p soi phai dat ndp phong nd 6 c6c vi tri sau:

a) Tr€n budng ddt, tai cfdu cudi drrdng kh6i c0a ndi hoi;

b) TrOn duong kh6i c0a bQ hdm nu6c, b6 khrltro, tru6c vir sau quat kh6i

5.9'2 Qttc nip phdng nd ph6i d{t & phfa mdt tr6n dudng kh6i vd 6 vi tri trdnh g6y nguy hidm cho ngudiphue vu

5.9.3 Sd luong, kich thrrdc ndp phong nd do nguoi thidt kd quy dinh.

5.9.4 C6c ndi hoi d0ng nhiQt crla kh6ithAi ph6itrang bithidt bi ngdt nhanh drrdng kh6ivdo ndi hoi,

5.10 86 hAm nu6c

5.10.1 89 him nu6c blng gang

5.10.1'1 B0 ham nu6c bing gang dlroc dirng dd gia nhi6t nu6c cdp cho ndi hoi, chrJ ydu b6i kh6i cfiandi hoi, duoc sfr dung khi 6p sudt nu6c cdp tai ddu ra cOa bQ ham nu6c < 2,2Mpa.

5.10.1.2 86 hAm nu6c'bing gang ph6i li loqi ngSt duoc v6i ndi hoi, nu6c ra kh6i bQ hAm nu6c ph6i c6

nhiQt dQ thdp hon nhiet d0 s6i trong adi noi ft nhdt 40 0C.

5.10.1.3 Tai ddu viro vir ddu ra c&a bd hdm nu6c bing gang phiid6t c6c phrrong ti6n do kidm sau:

- Van an toirn:

- Ap kd;

- Nhict kd

5.10.1 .4 c6 thd dat th6m dr/dng t6i tudn hoan c0a b0 ham nu6c dd dua nu6c trd tai ttdu hrjt cfra bom

nu6c cdp md kh6ng dua vdo ndi hoi

7704:2007 5.10.2 89 h6m nu6c blng th6p

5,10.2.1 BQ ham nu6c blng thep gdnn c4c dng th6p kh6ng hirn Kh6ng cho ph6p dirng dng th6p hdn mi,

5.10.2.2 Nu6c ra kh6i bO hdm nu6c blng th6p c6 thd 6 tr4ng th6i s6i ho{c khdng s6i

5.10.2.3 Cdn c6 c6c biqn ph6p chdng miri mdn bdi than vi tro bay trong dudng kh6i, chdng in mon bdikh6i

5iA.2.4 Cdn c6 he thdng t6itudn hoAn bd hAm nu6c khi kh6i dQng lo.

5.10.2.5 Cum dng

"0" n9 hAm nu6c bing thep (dng ruQt ga) cdn chia thdnh tr.rng phdn c6 chidu cao

khdng qu6 1200 mm, gifra c6c phdn la mQt kho6ng trdng c6 chidu cao 500 mm dd de thao t6c khi thic6ng hodc trong khi sfra chfra

5.11 Be qu6 nhiQt, tiii qu6 nhiQt

5.11.1 Khi ndi hoi c6 trang bi bQ qu6 nhiQt, bQ t6i qu6 nhiQt thi phAi trang bithidt bi do kidm nhiQt dQ hoi

qu6 nhi6t Khi nhiQt d0 hdi qu6 nhigt l6n hon 350 0C thi ph6i trang bi hQ thdng didu chinh nhiQt dQ hoi qu6

nhiQt.

5.11.2 C6 thd didu chinh nhiQt dQ hoi qu6 nhiQt bing c6c thidt bi gi6m 6n (bQ gi6m 6n) dd lam gi6m

nhi6t do hoi qud nhiet, bing c6ch thay ddi luu luong hoic nhiet dQ kh6i, hodc phdi hgp ci hai c6ch.H€ th6ng tr,J dQng didu chinh nhiet dO hoi qu6 nhiet ph6i b6o ttAm phdi hgp nhip nhdng viec didu chinhkhi sfi dUng Ctdng thdi cac bien phdp nay

6.11.3 NgLrdi-lhidt kd ndi hoi ph6i quy dinh gi6i han nhiQt dQ lirm vi6c dinh mrSc cOa hoi qu6 nhiQt C5c daodgng ldm tdng nhi6t dQ hdi qu6 nhiet trong moitrudng hqp ph6ikhdng l6n hon +10 0C.

5.12 Ddrn dng sinh hoi

dng sinh hoi h dng nu6c chiu 6p sudt b6n trong C6c dng sinh hoi duoc chd tao tif dng th6p kh6ng hirn

Kh6ng cho ph6p ding gang, d6ng lirm vet lieu chd tao dng sinh hoi C5c dng sinh hoi duoc chd taothirnh ddn c6 hirn mirng ndi dqc theo dng phii bio dAm gi5n nd ddu tq do cho tdt c6 c6c dng trong dirn

Mdt trong dng sinh hoi c6 thd la trlon hay c6 rdnh xodn Chidu ddy tdi thidu cfra dng sinh hoi phii theo

Airnn tri cA nhi trnnn F[4nn 4

uur rv rr I ev v,,, r, vilt es,,v , !

Trgng luong c0a c6c dng vA c6c vQt liQu khAc tr6n ddn dng ph6i dugc treo cl6 l6n khung sdon lo, kh6ngduoc ctft truc tidp vAo c6c ddu ndi vdi bao hoi, dng g6p

5.13 G6c phuong tiQn clo kidm

5.13.1 C5c phuong tiQn do kidm Uit Uugc ddivdi ndi hoi

- Phuong ti6n do 6p suat (ep kd);

- Phuong ti6n ilo mrlrc nu6c (ong th&y, ddng hd do mfc nrl6c );

- Phuong tiQn khdng chd 5p sudt (van an toirn);

TCVN 7704:2A07

- Phudng tiQn do nhiQt dQ (nhiQt kd) dirng cho ndi hoi c6 sin xudt hoi qud nhi6.t va khi c6 sfrdr,rng b6

hdm nrtdc bing gang

5.13.2 Ap ke

5.13.2.1 M6i ndi hoi phAi c6 it nhdt mQt ap kd thong vdi phdn chrta hoi cOa ndi hoi

Ddi v6i ndi noi trtrc k"ru thi 6p kd phSi ddt tnr6c van kh6a dudng hdi ddn noi ti6u thu

C6c ndi hoi c6 bQ qua nhi6t ngoiri 6p kd 6 bao hoi cdn ph6i d{t th6m ft nhdt m6t 6p kd tqi dng g6p ra c6a

bQ qu6 nhiQt Khi ndi hoi e6 thdm b6 t6i qud nhiet thi cdn phii dit them 6p kd tqi dng g6p r.a crla b6 tii

qu6 nhi6t

5'13.2.2 Phei det ap kd tr6n dudng nrl6c vdo vd ra kh6i bo hdm nu6c loai ngSt duoc

TrGn dudng nu6c cdp vao ndi hoi ding bom li tdm hay pitton c0ng phdi det ap kd tqi ddu ddy crla bom.5.13.2'3 Ap kddft tr6n ndi noi vd b6 qu6 nhiQt, t5i qu6 nhi6t phSi c6 cdp chfnh xdc kh6ng thdp hon 1,5

vd dddng kinh mflt ap kd kh6ng dudi 150 mm Cho phep dirng 6p kd c6 cdp chinh x6c 2,5 vitdtrdng kinh

mit 6p kd drrdi 150 mm khi det ap kd cho ndi hdi c6 dp sudt khdng quA 2,2 Mpa vd chi6u cao tinh trr sinphuc vu ddn vitr'(d'5t Apkd khong qu6 2 m, crJng nhrJ khidet tai b0 hdnn nudc bing gang

5.13.2.4 Ap ke phAi ndi qua dng xi phdng hay m6t thidt bi tudng tu c6 tiSt di6n b6n irong d0 6n dd dngduoc didn ddy nu6c Ap kd duoc ndi v6i dng ndi qua van ba ngA Ddi v6i ndi hoi c6 dp sudt cao c6 thdthay van ba ng6 bing mQt dng ndi vA van khtic dirng dd l5p 6p kd kidm tra trong vqn hdnh, cgng nhu khithfi thrly h,rc" C6c phu kiqn vA dng ndi crla 6p k6 phdi chon phi hgp v6i th6ng sd cfra ndi hoi.

5.13.2.5 Ap kd c&a ndi hoi phii dugc kidm dinh vir ni6m chi m6i nem mOt ldn vA sau m6i tdn s&a ch0a6p k6 tai noi dugc ph6p kidm d!nh

5.13.2.6 Thang do c0a 6p kd ph6i cluoc chon sao cho 6 6p sudt tdm vi6c ldn nhdt cho ph6p kim 6p kd

nlm trong pham vi lit 112 ddn 213 thang do

TrOn mdt 6p kd phii c6 vach d6 chi 6p sua't lam vi6c l6n nhdt cho ph6p c0a ndi hoi

5.13.2'7 Ap ke dirng dd theo d6i trr,tc tiSp 6p sudit ph6i duoc ddt nhu thd nAo dd d6 nhin thay tai sdn

phuc vu: mit ap l(6 dat thing dung khi ngang tdm mdt hodc ph6i dit nghieng khoAng 30 o khi dit caohon tdm mdt

Duong kinh cfia mqt 6p kd n,On chon nhu sau:

a) Kh0ng nh6 hon 150 mm khi dAt cao ddn 3 m so v6i siin phuc vr-i;

b) Khong nh6 hon 200 mm khi det cao 3 m den 4 m so v6i sdn phuc vu;

c) Khdng nh6 hon 250 mm khi dAt cao tron 4 m ddn 5 m so vdi sirn phuc vu

KhOng n6n dft ap ke cao qu6 Srn so vdi sdn phuc vq

| 'lar lrfri,r lql€iw sad

s.1s.2.8 cdm sfidung 6p kdtrons nh0rrg truOfo nqp r"r' ;i;: _

_-. .:.: 77O4 z 2007

a) Chrta dugc kidm dinh, mdt ni6m chi hodc ddu ni6rn phong crla don vi kidm tlinh; ho6c n!6m chi, ni6m

phong kh6ng hgp le;

b) Qua han kidm dinh;

c) Ap kd lam viQc khdng chinh xiic;

d) Kinh vd hodc c6c hU h6ng kh6c c6 Anh hudng ddn dQ lAm vi6c chinh x6c c0a dp k5

Cac thiet bi do mrlc nrldc c6 thd ta:

a) 6ng th0y dd do tnrc tidp mrSc nu6c theo nguy6n l1i binh thong nhau c6 vdt li6u bing thfiy tinh trongsudt hay vQl liQu trong sudt kh6c chiu duoc nhiQt d6 vir dp sudt c0a ndi noi;

b) C6c ddng hd do mt?c nlf6c le thidt bi do mr?c nu6c gi6n tidp nhd su bidn ddi dien tu hay c6c dang vdtlyi'khdc, l5y tin hi6u truc tidp tu mOc nu6c trong bao hoi hay ndi hoi

chr?a hoi, kh6ng chfa nu6c thi kh6ng cdn ddt thidt bido mrlc nu6c

5.13.3.4 Nhrrrng ndi froi c6 nhidu bao hoi ddt tr6n cao c6 li6n thdng nhau c6 dudng hdi va dudng nu6c thicho ph6p dflt 1 dng thfry cho m6i bao hoi

5.13.3.5 C6c ndi hdi c6 cdng sudt trln 2 tdn/gid phAi c6 thidt bi tr,r dQng b6o hiQu mfc nu6c vd bAo v6can nu6c

Duoc thay thidt bi tU dQng b6o hi6u mfc ntr6c vi b6o vQ cgn nu6c bSng mdl dinh chi khi diQn tich tidp nhi6.t

c0andihoi(phdnsinhhoi) ddn17 m2vdhai dinhchikhidiQntichtidpnhi6ttrdn 17m2

iuong clinh chi phii o%m bio chAy dudc khi ndi hoi cqn nu6c vd iugng m6i chdi tho6il\run Lnuou va uilat r

ra d0 dd dflp lfia trong budng ddt,

5.13.3.6 Khi vi tri o'Ai thidt bi chi mrSc nu6c so v6i mit sin phuc vu chinh cao hdn 6 m thi phii d{t th6mddng hd chi muc nu6c 6 phfa dudi, 6 ch6 mdr 6 sdn phuc vu c6 thd tr6ng thdy dugc Khi d6 thitrdn bao

hoi cho phep ddt m6t dng th0y

TCVN 77A4:2OET :

5.13.3.7 Cic dng th0y ph6i c6 d0 van d6ng m6 vd van x6, b5o d6m viQc th6ng r&a vir thay thd kinh thrlytinh khi ndi hoi cdn d'ang ldm vi6c vd cdn c6 thi6t bi cAn bing dd tr6nh tao mrlc nu6c gi6 trong dng thrlykhi c6 hien tuong s6i bdng trong bao hoi

C6c dng th0y tinh tron ph6i c6 bao che nhung kh6ng duoc cin trd cho vi6c theo d6i mr?c nrr6c

5.13.3.8 C6c dng vd phu tirng c0a dng ndi dng th0y ph6i cdng ngSn cdng tdt va phai thidt kd sao chokh6ng tao thanh t0i dgng nu6c gifra ndi froi vir dng dbn

Trong moi trudng hgp duong kinh trong c0a c6c dng ddn kh6ng drrgc nh6 hon 25 mm Khi c5c dng ndi duo cdirng chung v6i thirdt bi b5o hi6u vd an toAn tr,r dQng thi drrdng kinh trong kh6ng cfuQc nh6 hon 40 mm; mittrong dng d5n ph6i tron nhSn ed tranh hm tdc dng din Kh6ng cho ph6p ddt bich ndi trung gian, van kh6ahay trich hoi, ntr6c cho muc dich kh6c tr6n dng d6n ndy

5.13.3'9 Tr6n mdt dng thtly ph6i 05nh ddu blng vach d6 hay gdn tin hi6u dc thdy chi m0c nu6c caonhdt, thdp nh6't cho ph6p vd mr?c nrl6c trung binh

5.13.4 Van an toin

5.13.4.1 M6i ndi hdi phei c6 it nhdt hai van an todn hoat dQng dQc lqp, trr] c6c ndi hoi c6 tich sd crla 6p

sudi tinh bing MPa v6i tdng thd tach crla n6i tinh bdng lit kh6ng vudt que 1000 thi dugc ph6p tdp mgt van

an todn

M6i b0 qua nhiQt phii c6 ii nhdt mQt van an todn dit & phia ddu ra c(la hoi qud nhi6t

Khi mQt ndi troi c6 m6t bQ qu6 nhiQt vd ndu gi0a ndi hoi vd bO qu6 nhi6t kh6ng c6 van kh6a thi van antoAn ddt & bQ qu6 nhigt dugc coi lir van an todn thr? hai c0a ndi hoi

Khi giua b6 qu6 nhi6t vd ndi hoi c6 d{t van kh6a thi van an todn c0a b6 qu6 nhi6t kh6ng duoc coi lir van

an todn thr? hai c0a ndi hoi

5.13.4.2 Kh6ng dugc l5p c6c van kh6a hodc trd t6 trfcn hdi trdn dudng dng ndi ndi hoi v6i van an toAn,

c0ng nhu trdn dng tho6t hdi c0a van an toiin

5.13.4'3 Khong duoc dirng van an toirn c6 dudng kfnh trong c0a dd van nh6 hdn 20 mm d6t tr6n c6c ndihdi

5.13.4.4 C6c van an toAn dat 6 bdt kV ndi hoi ndo (kd cA van tai bQ qu6 nhiet) ph6i c6 dfi kha ndng tho6thoi nu6c drrgc xA ra dd kh6ng lAm cho 6p sudt cfra ndi hoi tdng qu6 10 % Ap sudt lAm vi6c dinh mr?c c0a

ndi hoi

5.13.4.5 Ddi 'v6i bQ hdm nudc bing gang vir bQ hAnn nudc ng6t drrgc ph6i dat it nhdt m6t van an toin tai

Ong gop ra ctia b6 hAm ntr6c.

5.13.4.6 Clto phep ddt c6c loai van an todn kidu sau dAy cho c6c ndi hoi tiiy thudc viro th6ng sd cfra hoi:a) Kidu don bdy;

cnNC Ty co pnArl ruri'r prrug vA

F{ijal'l l-UYf iq KTAT LAO D.fJNGb) Kidu lo so;

c) Kidu xung luong (h loqitde ddng gi6n tidp);

C6c ndi hoi c6 6p sudt thdp thuong dirng hai loai van t6c d6ng trr,rc tidp: don bdy ho{c ld xo

Trong c6c ndi hoi cao 6p ca'n d{t van an toAn xung h.tong.

Cdm dft van an toirn kidu ddn bdy tr6n c6c ndi hoi di dQng.

5.13.4.7 C6c van an toirn ph6i duoc dflt trr,tc tidp v6i ndi hoi hay dng g6p clra bQ qu6 nhigt ho{c ding

dng cut vdi di6n tich mflt cdt ngang crla dng cut it nhdt phii bing tdng diQn tich c0a c6c t6 van l5p tr6ndng cut

5.13.4.8 Oudng xi cfra van an todn phAi d0 l6n 0d trenh dnh hu6ng c6 hai c0a d6i 6p ddn vi6c vdn hAnh

c0a van

C6c van an todn ph6i xA vdo trong khong gian dim b6o an todn cho ngudi qua lqi dng xi ph6i d{t gdn

nhu theo chidu thing drlng vir ph6i c6 kdt cdu sao cho khdng tich tu ch6't l5ng ilong hodc nrl6c ngunglAm han chd dong tho5t c0a hoi nudc

5 4? r q An srrdt t4 ,{Ann nrla \/an an fnin drfnr: v4n r'tinh I vqrrV hBnn 't 4 lAn 4n Ir I rqlr qP o,,a+ suql lA- lqlll r,iAn vlgv nan UOU ^t-.4+ liiiat ^},^Viliiph6p c0a ndi hoi

5.13.4.10 Cdu tao vd l5p dflt van an todn phii bio dAm sao cho:

a) Trong qu6 trinh lirm vi6c 6p sudt dd cdn chinh kh6ng bi xd dich;

b) B5o dAm an toin cho ngrJdi van hdnh khivan tiic ddng;

c) De ddng kidm tra su hoqt dQng c&a van khi ndi hoi clang lim vi6c

5.13.5 Nhiet k6'

5.13.5.1 Nhiet kd ph6i dugc dAt bdt buQc 6 ifdu vdro vA ra c0a bQ hAm nudc bing gang, 6 dng g6p vAo

\ i.

vd ra m6i cd-p c0a b0 qu6 nhi6t vd bd t6i quA nhiQt.

5.13.5.2 Tai nhitng vi tri khdng thd doc truc ri6p nhiet dQ tqi ch6 cdn dirng c6c nhi6t kd c6 d6n truydn tri

sd do di xa,

5.14 Thiet bi c6'p nudc cho ndi hoi

5.14,1 Thidt bi cdp nu6c cho ndi hdi c6 thd la:

a) Bcm ly tdm hay bcm pitton truydn dQng blng cfi6n, blng hci nudc hay co khi;

b) bom injecto;

c) C6c phuong ti6,n c6 6p sudt cao hdn 6p sudt ndi hoi c6 d0 kh6 ning ddy nudc vdo ndi hoi khi ndi hoi

ldm vi6c 6 ep sudt l6n nhdt cho ph6p

TCVN 7704 1 2007

5.14.2 M5i ndi hoi ph6i dLtdc trang bi ft nhdt hai thi6t bi cdp nu6c; mot lirm vi6c vir m6t drl phdng, trir c6cndi hoi sau:

a) Ddt bing nhi6n liQu l6ng va khi tAm vi6c kh6ng li6n tuc;

b) C6 s6n lrrong nh6 hon 150 kg/h, drp sudt nh6 hon 0,4 MPa C6ng sudt c6a mQtthidt bi cdp nu6c phii

bing 110 % c6ng sudt dinh mr?c c0a ndi noi

5.14.3 Khi gian ddt bam nim c6ch xa bAng didu khidn nrir ndi hd' phai hoat d6ng li6n trlc thi giira bom

ldm viec v6i bom dr.t phdng cdn phii trang bi h9 thdng li6n dQng dd kh6i ctdng bom nrr6c cdp dr.r phongkhi bom lAm vi6c bi ngung bdt ngo

6 G6c ydu ciu v6'tnidt ne vdr tinh d9 bdn c6c bQ ph?n chiu 5p h,rc cria n6i hoi

6.1 Thidt ke ndi froi phii b6o dAm tudn th0 nghiOm ngit c6c y6u cdu vd kdt cdu ndi hoi vir c5c bg phAnctla n6, chon dring ddn vdt li6u chd tao, tinh d6m b5o dg b6n cho ch0ng c6ng nhrltho6 m6n c6c y6u cdu

kh5c di ndu trong tirOu chudn nAy vd c5c ti6u chudn li6n quan dd bao d6m ndi hoi v6n hirnh an todn, datduoc cdc cni ticu kinh td k! thuQt d{t ra,

6.2 Y6u cdu chung vd d9 bin c0a b9 phan chiu 6p lgc c0a ndi hoi

6.2.1 Xiic dinh nhigt d9 tinh to6n - Theo chi d5n trong phu tuc A

6.2.2 X6c dinh (lrg suit cho ph6p

6.2'2.1 Ung sudt cho ph6p ddi v6i vAt li6u m6i chd tqo duoc x6c dinh dr,ra theo ch0ng loai vdt lieu sfi

dung vi theo nhi6t d6 tinh to6n c0a vQt liQu, drloc x6c dinh theo c5c bAng d{c tinh cdc loai th6p XemPhu lqc B.

6.2.2.2 Ddi vdi vdt liQu cfra cdc ndi hoi c0, dQ bdn crla th6p dd gi6m di do kim loai cfi bi ddt n6ng, bi dn

mdn, mdi mdn thi cdn ldy m5u dd kidm tra co t[nh, ts d6 x6c dinh rlrng sudt cho ph6p Ch6 cdt ldy mAu

thep dd kidm tra cd tinh phii ld ndi da chju cdc didu kiQn tdm vi6c ning nd nhdt

Khi d'y r,rng sudt cho ph6p sE li tri sd nh6 trong hai tri sd x6c dinh sau:

oloC,n=L

' n (.

Trong d6 nr, n" - hQ sd du trfr bdn khi t(nh rtng sudt cho ph6p theo d6 bdn kr6o (or) hodc theo gi6i han

chiy (o") 6 eidu ki6n nhi6t dd trong phong (20 0C):

nt = 3,0

n6 = 1,65

Khi tfnh r-rng sudt cho ph6p iheo d6 b6n k6o hoic gi6i hqn ch6y & nhiQt dQ tam vi6c thi h6 sd n vA n" do

ngudi thidt kd x6c dinh

cCxc ry cc pnArrr xrdrur orrvH vi

i{uir.r luyrN r(TAT r-no pONc'^

\AAr;

TAX LrEi.r KIEM S4&i|

6.2.2.3 Khi khdng c6 c6c nhin hi6u c0a th6p hoituongung 6 phu h,rc thi ung sudit cho ph6p c0ng duoc x6c dinh ttrong tu nhu trong 6.2.2.2 khi dy c6c tri sd gi6ihan bdn or20, gi6i han ch6y o"2o dugc xdc dinh tu thi nghiQm mau th6p m6i trrrdc khi chd tao

ViQc thi nghi6m x6c dinh gi6i han bdn o62o vir gi6i han ch6y o"20 dtrgc th{c hien cho tdt cA c6c loai th6pkhi d{c tinh crla th6p c6 nhitng sai l6ch so v6i ddc tinh cira c6c nhin hi6u th6p dd cho (Xem c6c BAng

B'1 ddn 8.15, tai Phu luc B) c0ng nhu c6c loai th6p kh6ng 16 hoic nghi ngd vd ngudn gdc vA nhdn

hi6u

G"2.2"4 Cho ph6p ngi suy" ii'i so

"mg sua't cho phep i.:hi nhiei dQ iinh iodrr nim irong pham vi haiiri sd nhi6i

dd cho trong c6c bAng dic tfnh thep Tri sd ldm tron ld'y vd phia gi6m

6.3 Tinh dg bdn thin hinh trg, bao hoi, bao nudc, dng g6p, than n6i hdi

6.3.1 Chidu ddy tdi thidu c0a thdn hinh tru chiu 5p sudt trong duoc x6c dinh theo c6ng thr?c sau:

- Ap sudt cho ph6p cria moi chdt trong thAn hinh tru: D<-""'P)cn

Trong moi trr.rdng hop, chidu ddy th6n hinh tru cOa bao hoi, bao nu6c, th6n ndi hoi c6 dudng kinh trong

g6p - khdng nh6 hon 4 mm

6.3.2 Hg sd lim ydu do hAn dugc x6c dinh tuy theo phudng ph6p hin

- Khi hAn bing tay m6t phia,

- Khi hirn bing tay hai phia,

Khi hdn bing tay mot phia c6 midng l6t, ldy <p = g,g'

LzLi t A^ tt t AA^^ a^: ^Li^

- t\l li i irTi i iij uUI iV i i<ii ijitiCl,

6.3.3 H9 so lim ydu do kho6t 15

6.3.3.1 Khi c6c day 15 ddt song song:

t1.,, art r€ly v - I,u,

tu-d

t,1

=t'-d

lnTheo phuong ngang truc: e,

dudng kinh i5 ld tdng c6c duong kinh 16 trong nh6m.

b) Giira 2 dhy 16 c6 cluong kinh kh6c nhau, do d'6 c6c td tfrOng thd dAt song song md lir so le n6n cdn

tinh hQ sd lirm ydu theo phudng ch6o theo cA zwcn thudc duong ch6o ndu c5c kich thrr6c ndy lA kh6c

nhau;

c) TrOn day chi ld nh[rng quy dinh tdng qu6t, trong thrrc td c5c 16 khoet c6 vi tri, kich thridc c6 thd rdt khecnhau tiry theo m5i ndi hoi, ngudi thidt kd cdn c6 nhirng tinh to6n h6 sd ldm ydu cho tr,rnE trudng hop

cr,r thd

Hinh 6 gioithiQu vd mOt sd cigng bci iri io iren thdn hinh tru cua bao hoi, bao nuoc, ong gop

6.3.3.4 He sd lirm yeu do kho6t 16 dugc chon ld tri so nh6 nhdit trong c6c tri sd ducc xac dinh tr-t q, 2q1,

k"9"'

v6i k" - hQ sd hiQu chinh cho phrldng ch6o, drroc x6c clinh nhu sau:

C = '1 mm khithep tdm dirng dd chd tao c6 chidu ddy < 20 mm

C = 0 khithep tdm chd tao c6 chi6u diry > 20 mm

6.3.6 Chidu ddy cfra th6n hinh tru chiu 6p sudt ngodi, trrrdng ld cfra lo hoi dng ld, ldy ting thdm 1,4 ldn

so v6i chidu diy tfnh dugc khi chiu 6p sudt trong

l '

(1 + n')'

ccxc rv cd priir.r zut'rtr prNffi

c) L5 c6 Auang kinh thay ddi ddu dan

Hinh 6 - M9t sd ASng kho6t 16

6.4 Tinh d9 bin dfy

Hinh 7 - X6c dinh h9 sd hiQu chinh K vd trintr dang d6y

6.4.1.3 Tinh d6y elip chiu 6p sudt ngoii

Chidu diy tdi thidu crla day elip chiu 6p sudt ngoiri ldy bing 1,7 ldn tri sdtinh dudc theo 6.4.1.1khichiu6p sudt trong

6.4.2 Tinh d6y ciu

6.4.2.1 Chi6u ddy tdi thidu c0a d6y cdu khi chiu 6p sudt trong

s>PD'+c

6'4.2.2 Chi6u eiay i6i ihi6u cfra d6y cdu khi chiu 6p sudi ngoAi idy bing i,5 idn rri so iinh dugc iheo

6.4.2.1khi chiu 6p su6't trong

6.4.3 Tinh d9 bdn dfy phEng

oQ bdn cria d€ry ph&ng phu thuOc vlo dang noi tl6y phSng vdi thAn hinh ii'u (c6c dang ndi trcn Hinh 2).

Chidu day nh6 nhdt cira day ph&ng duoc x6c dinh nhrl sau:

6.4.3.1 Khi daY khong kho6t 16:

I

Hinh I - X5c dlnh h$ sd hiQu chinh Y

6.4.3.3 Khi khoet t5 tfrOng 6 chinh tdm:

TCVN 7704:2007

6.6 Tinh d6 bdn cria dng

6.6.1 dng ding cho ndi hoi ld dng c{ia c6c bd mdt trao ddi nhi6t nhrr ddn dng sinh hoi, bQ qu6 nhi6t, b6

hdm nudc, dng d5n hoi, nrr6c

6.6.2 Tinh dQ bdn c0a dng c0ng tuong tu nhu tinh dQ bdn thAn hinh tru c0a bao hoi, bao nu6c, dng g6p

6.6.3 Trong m9i truong hop, chidu diry tinh dugc c(ra dng khOng cfugc nh6 hon chidu ddy tdi thidu theoB6ng 6.6,3

Bing '! - Chidu dny tdJ thidu c&a 6'ng, nnm

Duong kinh dlnh rnrlc cria dng @,

6"7 Tinh ting cfmg 16 kho6t trdn thin hinh trg, dfy

6.7.1 X6c dinh duong kinh 15 l6n nhit cho ph6p kh6ng c6'n ting crirrg

6.7.1.1 Ddi v6ithin hinh tru

d

^u* = 8,lVD, (.s - C)0 - fr)k,,, =

6.7.2 Tinh d9 bdn ting crinrg 16 nhd hin th6m

Khi 6 kho6i c6 duong kirrh i6n hon c6c iri sd d,"" xdc dinh cfudc trong 6.7.1.1vdr 6.7.1.2 thi cdn ctugc

tdng cfng.

6.7.2.1 Khi tdng citng nho hirn th6m ddu dng ndi lHinh +c,1

6.7.2.2 Khi ting cfnrg nho h€rn th6m dng ndi c6 midng dQm mQi phfa 6 m{i trong hay ngoii [Hinh 4cri

S u"*(B - d) + d(S - ^Sr) > d,Sr6.7.2.3 Khitdng cirng nho hin th6m dng ndi c6 miSng dQm hai phia [Hinh 4c.]

(\

S d"*(B - d') +2(h, +h, )l S, -, po l+ a(S - Sr ) > d,Sl

1 zo'o-P)

7 C5c y6u cdu vd chdtao ndi hoi

7.1 Nguoi chd tao phAi cdn crl vio bAn thidt kd lap ra quy trinh c6ng nghQ chd tqo, Trong trudng hqp

cdn thiet, quy trinh nay phAi duoc th6a thudn v6i ngtrdi s&dung ho{c ngudichiu tr6ch nhigm kidm tra chd

tao Khi c6 thay edi so v6i thidt kd vir quy trinh c6ng nghQ thi phAi dugc th6a thuqn gifra cAc b6n bing

vin b6n v-a ph6i luu v5n bin d6 vao trong hd so xudt xu8ng

7.2 Quy trinh c6ng nghe chd tgo duqc l?p phAi c6 c6c nQi dung sau dAy

7.2.1 Kidm tra x6c nhdn c6c vQt liQu duoc s& dqng dd chd t?o c6c bQ phQn

Cdn s5p xdp c6 trQt tl-1 c6c vdt li6u 6 trong kho dd trdrnh nhdm l6n, df;c biCt khi s& dung nhidu lo?i vat lieukh6c nhau

7.2.2 ViQc tao hinh ngu6i ddi v6i circ tdm vdt liQu

eu5 trinh tao hinh phai dam bAo tr6nh l2rm chai bd mdt, cilng nhu gdy ra c6c khuydt tAt nhu r?n, nfit,

t6rch 16p

7.2.3 Khi tao hinh thdn bao hoi, bao nu6c vd c5c thdn hinh trU cCIng nhrl c6c bO phQn hinh trrl kh6c c6

thd dirng phuong phdp rdn, c5n, d?p DQ ch6nh lech gi0a iludng kinh l6n nhdt vi nh6 nhdt trong bdt kymit c5t ngang nlo c0ng kh6ng dudc vudt o.uA 1 o/o.

7.2.4 Khi gia cOng cAc thinh phfing nhu hQp l0a, mflt sdng cdn tinh ifdn b6n kinh cong chuydn tidp, ciicphdong ph6p ting cfirrg, eAc rndi hin ndi, e6c 16 khoan vir y6u cdu chdt lugng 6 c0ng nhrl chdt luongcria bd mit gia cong c6c tdm

TCVN 7704:2097

7.2.5 6ng g6p vd c6c bQ ph6n chiu 6p tuc trJong t!/

Cdn kidm tra bd mit ngodi vtr o'dc biQt b6n trong dng g6p Trudng hgp cdn thidt ph6i dr)ng c6c phuongphap kidm tra khOng ph6 h0y od t<idm tra chdt luong kim logitrurdc khi gia cdng c6c 15 hay udn dng.Khi udn dng cdn dim bAo tri sd dung sai cho phep vd d6 m6o dudng kinh vd dQ ldm m6ng chidu day

thdnh dng

7'2'6 Quit lrinh gia cdng chd tao c6c dng bing th6p hay srlr dung c6c loai dng d6 c6n s5n cdn ch6 V nhrrsau:

7.2.6.1 Ddi vdi c6ng t6c hdn

a) Gia c6ng v6t m6p, chdt lrrong gia cong m6p vdt vd y,6u cdu vd tdp gh6p dd hdn;

b) Ydu cdu vd tay nghd crla tho hirn;

c) c5c nhdn hi6u que hdn, d6y hdn, phuong phap hdn vd thfi ddc tfnh c6ng ngh6 hdn;

d) Trinh trJ hdn c6c drrdng hdn, c0ng nhu bd tr( cilc l6p hAn, dtrdng hdn trong m6t tidt diCn;

e) C6c ydu cd'u vd chdt luong mdi hirn

7.2.6.2 Vdn dd nhi6t ruy6n c6c mdi hdn, c6c chi tidt sau khi gia c6ng xong; vi6c ddt n6ng khi gia c6ngc0ng nhud6nh gi6 chdt h.rong sau khi nhiQt tuy6n

7'2'6.3 Vd'n dd nghi6m thu, thirnghiOm vi ti6u chudn d6nh gia chat tuong thidt bi, bQ phan sau khi gia

cdng vd chd tao xong

8 C6c y6u cdu vi l5p dit, sfr dung, st?a chira

8.1 Y€u c6'u vd nhi dit n6i hoi

8.1.f Nha dat ndi noi phai cSch xa nhd 6 vd nhd hoi hqp d6ng nguoi it nhdt 10m Khi nha d{t ndi hoi

nim sdt xu6ng m6y thi phii c6 trJdng gach ngdn c6ch Ndu tudng ngin c6 cga thi c&a ph6i m6 vd phia

nhdr dit ndi hoi

8.1.2 Nhe det ndi hoi phAi dudc thiet k6, xdy dung dim bAo c6c ti6u chudn v6 sinh c6ng nghi6p, phdngch6y ch0a ch6y, c6c ti6u chudn ky thuat c6 li6n quan vd cdc quy dinh trong ti6u chudn niry

8.1.3 Ndi hdi cd Oinn ph6i d{t trong nhd ri6ng

Dugc ph6p det ndi hoi ngoiri trdi ndu ndi hoi dLrdc thidt kd, che tao phir hgp vdi didu ki6n thuc rd d6

8'1.4 Kh6ng duoc ldm trdn vir bd tri c6c ohong ldm vi6c 6 phia trdn edng trinh ndi hoi, tr.rr nhfng ndi hoi

duoc quy dinh trong 8.1.T cta ti6u chudn nAy,

8.1.5 Tr6n m6i nhd d{t ndi hdi ohai m6 c5c cfia th6ng hoi vdi diQn tich kh6ng nh6 hon 10 % tdng diQn

tich ndn nhir dit ndi noi vA cdrc cfra tho6t hoi nudc khi sr,r cd Trudng hgp kh6ng c6 didu ki€n trd cfra thi-L?:L{r:-z

pnai bo tri cac quat ihfing gi6 b6o d'6m nhiQt dQ 6 ch6 c6ng nh6n ddt to kh6ng qu6 40 oC.

8.1.6.t Ndi hoi truc hJu c6 c6ng sua't hoi dinh mr?c d]JAi 2 tdn/h;

8.1.6.2 C6c ndi hoi th6a min chi sd: (t - 100) V < 100"

trong d6 :

t lA nhiQt dg hdi bdo hoa t?ng v6i 6p sudt lAm viQc, 0C

V la thd tich toan bQ ndi, m'

C6c ndi hoi n6i trong di6u ndy phii ilugc ngdn vdi c6c b6 phAn kh6c bing tudng cao it nhdt 2 m vi diry

45 cm

8.1.7 DLrgc phep ldp ddt tr6n ta'ng, du6i tdng hdm nhi 6 vA c5c nhd c6 tinh chdt cdng c6ng khSc nhirhgndi noi c6 c6ng sudt hoi kh6ng qu5 100 kg/h, 6p sudt lam vi6c l6n nhdt khdng qu6 0,4 MPa v6i didu kiQn

ph6i c6 trJdng ngin c6ch an todn

8.1.8 Kh6ng ldm vi6c vd d{t nhitng m6y m6c, thidt bi kh6c trong nhir ndi hoi ndu vi6c d6 kh6ng quan h6

trr,rc tidp d6n vAn hAnh vd s&a chffa n6i hoi

Cho ph6p dit trong nhir ndi hoi nhffng dQng co hoi nu6c, m6y bom, m5y nd hodc m6y diesel dr,l phongv6i didu kiQn kh6ng g6y trd ngqi cho viQc v6n hdnh ndi hoi

8.1.9 Cho phep bd trf c6c budng phuc vqr, sinh hoat cho nh0ng nguoi phuc vu ndi hdi, b0 phdn co khis&a chfra ndi noi 6 trong nha dft ndi noi v6i ilidu kien ph6i c6 tudng ngin b6o dAm didu kiQn lAm viQc

binh thudng cho cdng nhdn

8.1.10 Ndn nhir dat ndi hoi 6 ch6 c6ng nh6n lAm viQc kh6ng dugc thdp hon mdt ndn xung quanh,

Khong drloc tao ho trong nha d{t ndi hoi Trong c6c trudng hgp dfc biQt do y6u cdu cdn dit c6c thi6t bi

nghidn, cum chitidt c0a m?ng tAi nhiQt c6 th6 cho ph6p tqo hd nhrrng phAitheo thi6t kd de drJgc duyet.8.1.11 Sd lrtgng cfia ra viro nhdr dAt ndi hoi quy dinh nhusau:

- Khi diQn tfch ndn nhir tr6n 200 m2 phAi c6 it nhdt 2 cftavfikich thu6c tdithidu 2 m x 2 m cho m6itdng;

C6c c&a phii bd tri theo phr/ong hu6ng kh6c nhau va phAi md ra phia ngodi Nhtng cOa th6ng v6i budngphuc vu vA xu6ng may ph6i c6 ld xo tr,t d6ng vd cita phii md vdo phia trong nhd d{t ndi hoi

Trong hic ndi hoi ilang hoat d6ng kh6ng duoc kh6a hoic clrithen c&a.

8.2 YGu cdu vi chidu sing

8.2.1 Nha dat n6i noi ph6i d{r 6nh s6ng vd ban ngdy c0ng nhu ban cl6m

Nhrrrrg ch6 do didu kiQn k! thuQt kh6ng thd thqc hi€n chiSu seng ti.r nhi6n thi thr,tc hiQn chidu sdrng nhAn

tao

-: : '!!'

TCVN 7704:2OOT

c6ng trinh c6ng nghi6p

8.2.2 Phai bd tri hQ thdng chidu s6ng dg phong cho nh0ng vitri sau

8.2.2.1 T0 ho{c trung tAm didu khidn

8.2.2.2 Mat tru6c vA ldi di gifia c6c ndi hoi, phia sau vd phia tr6n ndi hoi

8.2.2.3 OAt thiSt bi do ludng, cto mr?c nu6c

9.2.2.4 Budng thAi tro x?

8.2.2.5 Budng itdt quat gi6, quat kh6i

8.2.2.6 Budng ddt c6c bd chrta nhi6n ti6u t6ng vir thidt bi khi/ khi

8.2.2.7 Dat thi6t bi xfr lyi nd6c, cdp nU6c

8.2.2.8 C6c sdn vd cdu thang

8.2.2.9 Budng ddt bom

ertre rrrrsr' rJr r/trritu D.tilg u.llrlrl va qupnong' Iniel Oi OieR pnal Ciam bag an i6an theO C6Cii6U ChUdn ky

thudt an todn vd diQn hiQn hdnh

8.3 Vitri ndi hoi

8.3.1 ' D6 cao tir sdn lirm vi6c ddn m6p drr6i

c0a c0a cho than c6c ndi noi ddt th& c6ng kh6ng duoc qu6

0,7 m

Kho6ng c6ch trr mdt tru6c ndi hoi ddn phdn nh6 ra c0a budng ddt ndi hoi dat ddi diQn kh6ng duoc nh6

hdn tri sd sau dAy:

a) 1 m ddiv6i c6c ndi hoi dirng nhi6n ti6u t6ng vir khi;

b) 2 m ddi v6i c6c ndi hoi c6 budng ddt than cd khi h6a;

c) Ddi vdi c6c ndi hoi c6 c6ng sudt hoi kh6ng ldn hon 2 Uh, kho6ng cAch niry c6 thd cho ph6p du6i 2 m

trong c6c trudng hgp cU thd sau:

odiv6i ndi hol ddt nhi6n li6u rdn b5ng phuong phep thfr c6ng c6 chidu diri thao t6c kh6ng qu6 1 m;

- Ddi v6i ndi noi kh6ng cdn phAi thao tic budng ddt tu mdt tru6c

d) C6c trudng hgp kh6c khoing c6ch ndy kh6ng duoc nh6 hon 3 m.

8.3.2 6 mat tru6c cria ndi hoi dugc ph6p ldp dat c6c thidt bi phq tro vA bing didu khidn v6i didu kiQn

chidu rQng ldi di l?i gi0a ch6ng kh6ng nh6 hon 1,5 m vd kh6ng c6n tr6 cho viQc thao t6c, van hirnh ndihoi

i 2007

bao hoi,

dng 96p ) thi kho6ng c6ch nay ph6i d0 r6ng, kh6ng gdy trd ngqi cho vi6c thao t6c vd kh6ng cho ph6pnh6 hon:

a) 1,5 m doi v6i ndi froi c6 c6ng sudt hoi ddn 4 tan/h;

b) 2,0 m ddi v6i ndi hoi c6 c6ng sudt hoi tr6n 4 tdnlh

s.3.4 Odi v6i c6c ndi hoi kh6ng cdn ph6i thao tdc 6 hai ben sudn thi chidu r6ng ciic ldi qua lai gifra c5c ndi

hoiv6i nhau hay gifra ndi hoivditudng crla nha d{t ndi hoi phAi kh6ng nh6 hon 1 m

Chidu rQng ldi qr" rai giira c6c phdn nhd ra ri6ng biQt c0a bQ phQn duoc b6o 6n, hoic giira c6c phdn nh6

ndry v6iphdn nho c0a nhir d?t ndi hoi (gi6 dd, cQt chdng, thang, sAn ) phAi kh6ng nh6 hon 0,7 m

Trudng hop kh6ng bd tri ldi di lqi ddn bao hoi, b6 hdm ntJ6c, thl chidu cao trr ch0ng t6i bQ phen thdp nh6't

cfra m6i phia tr6n kh6ng drrgc nh6 hon 0,7 m

8.4 Y€u cdu vi sin thao t6c vd cdu thang

8.4.1 Trong nha dflt ndi hol pnAi tam nh0ng cdu thang vd sirn thao t5c cd dinh c6 tay vin vi lan canr-rihn ehXc hinn vit li6rr khAnrr nh6rr v,iui I Lqi 2n ran raa lzhAnn drrA ;i 0,8 m, phfa dUdi lan can lA thdnh kfn cao itnh6't 100 mm

C6c sAn vA cdu thang qua lai phAi c6 lan can 6 cA rrai b6n Sdn c6 chidu ddi l6n hdn S m ph6i c6 it nhdt

hai cdu thang det 6 hai ddu sirn

,8.4.2 Cdm ldm sAn vd bQc cdu thang bing mdt thanh kim loqi trdn nhdn hoic tdm kim loai m6t nhdn

8.4.3 C6c kich thu6c co bin cria thang nhu sau:

8.4.3.1 Chidu rQng cfra cdu thang kh6ng nh6 hon 600 mm;

8.4.3.2 Chidu cao giira hai bAc khdng l6n hdn 200 mm;

8.4.3.3 Chidu r6ng cira m6i ngc khdng nh6 hon 80 mm

Cdu thang c6 chidu cao l6n phAi laryr sdn nghi Kho6ng c6ch giira c6c sdn nghi kh6ng l6n hon 4 m Cduthang eao hdn 1,5 m phii e6 dQ dde kh6ng qudr S0 0C.

8.4.4 Chidu r6ng c0a sdn thao t6c c5c thidt bi phqr trg, do kidm kh6ng duoc nh6 hon 800 mm; chidu rQng

cira c6c sirn 6 c6c chd kh6c kh6ng duoc nh6 hon 600 mm

Tr€n mdt sirn hoic c6c bAc thang phAi c6 khoAng trdng cao it nhdt 2 m.

8.4.5 Kho3ng c6ch theo chidu thEng dttng tu sAn thao t6c ddn mfc trung binh cfra thidt bi do m0c nu6ckhdng dr-roc nh6 hon 1 m vir kh6ng l6n hon 1,5 m

TCVN 7704:2007

S.5 He thong ci'p nhi6n tigu - thAi tro xi

8.5.i i.ldi hoi c5 c6ng sudt trr 4 tdnlh tr6 i6n sfr dr,rng nhi6n li6u rdn (tru c0i) ph6i co gi6i h6a vi6c cdpnhi6n li6u vi thii tro xi

Khi luong tro xi thAi ra l6n hon 150 kg/h trd l6n ddi v6i mdt ndi hoi thi cung phii co gi6i h6a khdu thii tro

xi, cho di cong sudt ndi hoi drr6i 4 tdnth

8.5.2 Khi thai xi tn0 cong, c6c ph5u xi phii duoc trang bi thidt bi phun tu6i nu6c Trudng hdp tu6i nu6ctrlrc tidp vdo trong xe goong thi phia drr6i ph6u ph6i c6 budng duoc ng6n c6ch dd d{t xe goong tru6c khi

x6 tro xi Budng ph6i c6 c&a d6ng kfn vd c6 16 quan s6t, hQ thdng th6ng gi6 vd chidu s6ng Tr6n didm cao

nhdt c0a xe goong ph6i c6 khoang trdng khdng nh6 hon 0,5 m, chidu rQng cfra budng gnh tU didm nh6 ra

dudng dich chuydn c&a xe goong

ViQc didu khidn tdm chin cfra ph6u xi vd thidt bi tudi nu6c phai dudc tidn hdnh trr phia b6n ngodi budng

8.5.3 Ddi v6i c5c ndi hoi sfrdung than bin hodc 96 vqn, min cua, dim bdo, trdu phii trang bi ph6u

n?p th0 c6ng c6 ndp dQy vd d6y c6 thd d6ng m6 bing tay

8.5.4 C6c bd va thing chr?a nhi6n li6u l6ng hay khi phAi dd ngoiri nhd ndi hoi Truong hgp ct{c biQt, choohep d{t thirng, bd chrla kh6ng ou6 0,5 tdn nhi6n liQu l6ng hay khi h6a l6ng trong nhir ndi hoi

Kho chfa nhi6n li6u l6ng ph6i c6 trrdng ngin, trdn lim bing vAt ligu kh6ng ch6y vir c6 cfra ri6ng di iangoiri Noi dat c6c bd vir thirng ph6i dugc thong gi6 ra khi quydn; ngodri ra c6c bd ph6i c6 thidt bi khdng

chdtrirn ddu, dng d5n ddu trirn ph6i ludn ra phia ngoAi budng

8.5.5 Cic dng d6n nhi6n li6u l6ng hodc khi ph6i bd tritnuan ti6n vA an todn cho vi6c sfi dung Tr6n dddng

ong d5n phAi l5p ddt c6c van kh6a dd ngr"rng cdp nhi6n ti6u khi c6 su cd ho6c ch6y

8.5.6 cdm ctit c6c thr)ng, bd chrla nhi6n li6u l6ng hodc khiphia tr6n n6i hoi

C6c thirng, bd chr?a phii c6 c6c thidt bi b5o mrSc m6i chdt chr?a b6n trong CAm dring dng bbng thrly tinh

dd do mfc nhi6n li€u l6ng trong bd vd thDng

8.5.7 Phai c6 c6c phuong ti6n phong chdng chay, nd phi hgp v6i cdc ti6u chudn phong chdng ch6yhi6n nAnrr.

8.5.8 Phai dAm b6o cdrc ti6u chudn vd vQ sinh m6i trrrdng hiQn hdnh ddi vdi c6c ndi hdi ct1Jgc Hp d{t 6

khu vuc d6ng dAn cu

8.6 Lip d{t, sira chfra ndi hoi

8.6.1 Ngudi ldp det hodc sfra chira ndi hdi phai lap quy trinh cdng nghQ tdp d{t vd sfra chira ndi hoi euy

trinh ph6i tudn thi d0ng nhinrg quy dinh cOa nhd chd tao

CONG TY CO PHAN KIEM DINH VA

I{UA}'I LUYEN I{TAT LAO DONG

TAI T,IAU T{XEM SOAT

thudn c0a nhir chd tao Khi khdng c6 di6u kiQn th6a thudn niry thi phAi duoc co quan ctdng kidm th6athudn C6c th6a thu6n n6i tr6n ddu ph6i thd hiCn bing vdn bin.

8.6.3 Quy trinh cdng nghQ l5p dat phAi dugc l?p dr,ra vAo bin thidt kd l5p dat da duoc th6a thuin crlac6c bOn li6n quan vA ph6i c6 ciic n6i dung sau:

8.6,3.1 Kidm tra vdr ddnh gi6 chdt lrrong c6c vdt liQu, b0 ph?n kd ci c6c phu kiQn nhuvan, t6, crit duavao ldp dqt

8.6.3.2 C6ng ngh6 gia c6ng vdt li6u, bQ phdn cfrng nhu chdt luong gia cdng vi phuong ph6p d6nh gia

chA't luong gia cdng trong l5p ddt

8.6.3.3 Cdng t6c hdn c6c mdi ndi trong l5p ddt

8.6.3.4 Dung sai trong ldp d{t c6c b0 phQn.

8.6.3.5 Vdn dd nhi6t luy6n c6c mdi hdn, c6c chi tidt gia cong khi l6p ddt, c0ng nhu d6nh gi6 chdt luongsau khi nhiQt luyQn.

8.6.3.6 Vdn dd nghiQm thu thfi nghiGm vd ti6u chudn d6nh gi6 chd't ludng b0 phan vd todn bO ndi hdi

sau khi l5p dat

C6c kdt qui nghiOm thu, th&'nghiQm sau khi l5p d{t phii dugc lru gif trong hd so l5p ddt

8.6.4 Khi l5p dit c6c bao hoi, bao nuf6c, dng g6p, hQ thdng 6ng, bQ qu6 nhi6t, b6 h6m nrr6c phAi dAm b6o

cho c6c be-ph?n kim loai bi ddt n6ng dugc giSn nd nhiQt mdt c6ch tu do.

Trong BAng 2 gi6i thiQu dQ giSn nd crlra dng th6p ferit vd austenit 0d tinn to6n c6ch bi tnJ gian n6 khi

thi6t kd l6p dit ndl noi

' C5c gi5 tri trung binh.

8.6.5 Sau khi l5p d{t xong, ndi hdi phai dugc kidm dinh vir ding kf trudc khi s& dung

8.7 Y6u cdu vd s& dung

Phgm vi nhiQt dQ, oC DQ giin n6 nhiQt, % Phgm vi nhiQt dQ, oC DQ giin n6 nhiQt, %