Objectives Applying the theoretical basis and practice of economicdevelopment as a scientific basis for assessing potential, analysising of thereal situation of economic development in t
Trang 1THE OPENING
1 REASONS FOR SELECTING THE TOPIC
Being a mountainous province, located in the central Highlands.Inthe process of economic reform and industrialization, modernization ofprovincial economies has made fundamental changes both in terms ofsectors and regions
Despite the positive results, but DakLak economy is facing manychallenges: the economy still relies heavily on agriculture, forestry andindustrial areas are small, economic restructuring also delay, infrastructureand facilities, technical did not meet the requirements of industrializationand modernization
The resolution of the fifteenth Congress of the Communist Party ofDakLak Province, 2010-2015 tenure has identified the general direction:
" To further promote the comprehensive industrialization, modernization, restructuring economy towards industry and services associated with agricultural production of high quality, large scale, meeting the requirements of international integration Incorporate socio-economic development with environmental protection; Perform better social security, Ensure national defense and security, maintain social order and safety Building Dak Lak will become the center of Central Highlands region and play an important role taken Highlands become a dynamic economic region of the country”.
I would like to apply theories to practical scientific research, andcontribute a small part in the overall success of the sustainable economicdevelopment of the province, where living and working, I have decided the
Trang 2chosen topic "Economic development of Dak Lak province in the period
of industrialization and modernization"
2 HISTORY RESEARCH
Derived from practical requirements and inherit the researchachievements of scientists to go ahead in the field of economicdevelopment on the basis of both theoretical and practical basis thesis dealtwith the relationship between systems theory and practice on this issue andapply the conditions of Dak Lak province
3 OBJECTIVES AND TASKS AND LIMITATION OF STUDY
3.1 Objectives
Applying the theoretical basis and practice of economicdevelopment as a scientific basis for assessing potential, analysising of thereal situation of economic development in the process of industrialization,modernization as well as orientation and solutions of economicdevelopment in Dak Lak Province according to Geography
3.2 Tasks
- Overview with theoretical basis and practice of economic development,industrialization, modernization and apply research to Daklak province
- Evaluation of factors affecting economic development of Daklak
in the process of industrialization and modernization
- Analysis of economic situation in Daklak in the period 2004-2011according to Geography
- Identify strategies and solutions to develop stable, sustainableeconomy of Daklak province towards 2020 and vision 2030
3.3 Limitation of study
3.3.1 Limitation of the content
Trang 3- Focus on evaluating the factors affecting economic development in Daklak
- Research topics limit economic development under sectors andterritory in Daklak according to Geography
3.3.2 Limitation of the teritory
- The dissertation has researched on the entire territory of Daklakprovince that delved in BMT city and Buon Ho town and 13 districts Thedissertation also compared with other provinces in the Central Highlandsregion and the country
3.3.3 Limitation of research time
The dissertation had been researching from 2014( at that time,Daklak indived into Daklak and Daknong) to 2011 and towards 2020 andvision 2030
4 PERSPECTIVES AND RESEARCH METHODS
4.1 Research perspectives: Including synthesis- territorial
perspective, system perspective, historical perspective, sustainabledevelopment perspective
4.2 Research methods: The author has used the following
methods: Method for document collecting, synthesizing and analysis; fieldmethod; mapping method and GIS, statistical analysis method, expert method
5 THE MEANING OF SCIENCE AND PRACTICE OF THEDISSERTATION
- The thesis successor, supplement and further clarify the basis ofthe theory and practice of economic development in the period ofindustrialization and modernization apply to the specific conditions of Daklak
- Assess factors affecting economic development, the comparativeadvantages and challenges for economic development in Daklak
Trang 4- Identify and clarify the status of Daklak economic development interms of sectors and territory in the process of industrialization andmodernization with sciencetific bases
- Give proposed solutions and recommendations for stable andsustainable economic development of the Province in the future
6 STRUCTURE OF THE DISSERTATION
Besides the introduction, conclusion, list of references, appendices,maps, pictures, the dissertation consists of three chapters
Chapter 1: Theoretical basis and practice of economic development
in the period of industrialization and modernization
Chapter 2: The factors affecting the situation and economic development
of the province in the period of industrialization and modernization
Chapter 3: The Orientation and solutions of economic development in Daklak
Chapter 1: THEORETICAL BASIS AND PRACTICE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE PERIOD OF INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION
Trang 5In a general sense,the term economic development refers to theprocesses involved in the growth and refinement of an economic system ofany form In economic geography and development studies, the term has amore specific meaning and applies to regional economic systems, theirparticular attributes, and how they interact at the global level.
Economic development understood is the process of increasing inall aspects of the economy Economic development is a process ofimproving in both quantity and quality It incorporates the complete process
of both issues economy and society in each country
In the scope of professional geography thesis research , authors
focused analysis “Economic development is the process of increasing in all aspects of the economy,the process of improving in both quantity and quality,including the increase in the total income of the economy and the level of per capita income, the changes in economic structure”.Two basic
contents are reflected in the economic development of the project is toincrease the size of the economy and GDP / person and the economicrestructuring in accordance with the approriate and reasonable trend
1.1.1.2 Factors affecting economic development
a Geographical location, the territory: Creating favorable
conditions and difficulties in the exchange, the approach or thedevelopment across regions, provinces within a country and betweendifferent countries
b Natural conditions and natural resources: consisting of natural
ingredients that people can use to meet their existing needs anddevelopment
Trang 6c Socio- economic: playing extremely important role in the choice
of development strategy and distribution of economic sectors in accordancewith the specific conditions of the country in each period
1.1.2 The criteria for evaluating the economic development
Economic development in both the general criteria, and criteria forthe province, according to sectors and territory based on the evaluationcriteria of the government, the General Statistics Office
1.1.2.1 Common set of criteria: Size and growth rate of GDP, GDP
/ person; GDP structure and trends of economic restructuring by sectorgroup; value of production and value of production structure
1.1.2.2 Group criteria for the economic development of provincial own
a By sector: includes the value of production; growth of production
value; total retail sales of goods and consumer services; tourism revenue
b By territory
* Agriculture- forestry – fishery: Farm, intensive farming areas
* Industry: industrial clusters; Industrial Zone (IPS)
* Services: Trade; Tourism
* sub- regional economy
1.1.3 Industrialization, modernization
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) hasoffered this definition " Industrialization is the process of economicdevelopment, in which there is a unit is increasing in the national wealthencouraged to develop many sectors of economic structure in the countrywith modern techniques.The characteristics of this economic structurealways has got a processing department always changing to produce themeans of production and goods that is capable of ensuring that the entire
Trang 7economy is growing at a high pace, ensuring to reach progress in allaspects of socio-economic.
The economic structure shifts positive, consistent with theobjective trend for a country that is in the process of industrialization andmodernization
+ According to sectors: increasing the proportion of industry,creating a stable proportion of the service sector and declining share ofagricultural sector in the DGP
+ According to territory: The economic structure by regionassociated with the achievement development of economic sectors, theeconomic components and initial shift towards promoting the comparativeadvantages of each region
1.2.2 Highlands Economic Development in the period of industrialization and modernization.
- In the period of industrialization, modernization, economicgrowth of the central region as rapidly, particularly in the period 2006-2011 toreach 8.9%, higher than the national average.DGP size and per capita GDPincreased continuously but there are differences among provinces in the region
Trang 8- Structure of the economy by sectors has changed, but the slowlyand unstably Region I still has an important role in the structure of GDP.Economic structure by territory appeared reasonable forms of productionorganizations and formed three economic sub-regions, namely: NorthernHighlands sub-region, Center sub-regional and south-west Highlands sub-region.
Chapter 2 THE FACTORS AFFECTING AND THE STATUS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN DAK LAK IN THE PERIOD OF
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION
2.1 FACTORS AFFECTING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
2.1.1 Geographical location and territory
The province's natural area of 13125.5 km2 with a population in
2011 of 1.77189 million people in 2011, accounting for 24% of the areaand 35.5% of the total population of the Central Highlands.Area of Daklak
is ranked the second in the region (after Gia lai), the fourth/63provinces/cities (after Nghệ An, Gia Lai and Sonla) and there is the mostpopulation in the region
Dak Lak is not only an important strategic position in many aspects
of social and economic but also a strategic location on politics, defense andsecurity, environmental protection not only to the Highlands but also to thewhole country
2.1.2 Nature
2.1.2.1 Topography
Topography consists of high mountains connected with the vast,relatively flat plateau, alternating low-lying plains along the majortributaries In general, the lower terrain direction from southeast to
Trang 9northwest with an average altitude compared to sea level is 500 m, whichfacilitates the formation of specialized large farming of industrial plants.
2.1.2.2 Land
According to results soil classification, published in 1995 ofFAO_UNESCO, Daklak has got eleven different soil groups and 84 landunits However, the one has got the largest area and the most economicvalue of is Acrisols and Ferralson Land of the Dak Lak is both much andmore favorable for agricultural, forestry production, it is readily adaptable
to many different crops such as short-term industrial crops, fruit trees and anumber of other perennials, planting
2.1.2.3 Climate
Climate has two distinct seasons The rainy season starts from May
to at the end of October, accounting for ninety percent of the annualrainfall.The dry season starts from November to April of the next year, negligiblerainfall; therefore, considerable difficulties arise in this dry season
2.1.2.4 Water resources
a Surface water
Dak Lak has many rivers, evenly distributed across the province,river density of 0.8 km / km2, with two main river systems: The Serepokriver and the Ba river
b.Groundwater
Groundwater of the province is relatively rich but concentrated inBuon Ma Thuot- Krong Buk basalt blocks , forming two differentaquifers.Some other basalt blocks have smaller reserves of undergroundwater.In these areas,in these areas, people can exploit groundwater to servethe living and garden economy and crop irrigation by wells
Trang 102.1.2.5 Creatures
Creatures are diverse and abundant, including many differentspecies As of 2012, Daklak has 641.1 thousand hectares of forest, forestcoverage is 48.8%, of which 560.9 thousand hectares of natural forest and80.2 thousand hectares of plantation forest Daklak forests are rich anddiverse, high protective effect; there are many specialty crops which hasboth economic value and scientific value Forests have an important role inthe prevention of soil erosion, water regulation, and limit disasters
2.1.2.6 Minerals
Dak Lak province has been evaluated as potential mineralresources, especially non-metallic minerals, including Fensfat, kaolinwhich are used as raw materials for ceramics And a number of otherminerals that serve the industrial development of building materials such asstone, sand, gravel, puzzolanic This is a valuable resource to cater to theindustrialization and modernization of the province
in the province Residential community composed of two communities,namely indigenous communities and immigrant communities
b Labor force
Trang 11The labor of Dak lak is relatively abundant and growing fast 2004was 936.4 thousand, accounting for 55.4% of the population; by 2010, up
to 1145.8 thousand people, accounting for 65.3% of the provincialpopulation In the 2004-2010 period, the growth rate of the labor force is3.5% annual average, by immigration flows have reduced and evenemigration from the province.force
2.1.3.2 Infrastructure and technical facilities
To promote economic development in recent years Daklak hasfocused on developing transportation system, power supply systems,irrigation works and other facilities to meet the requirements ofindustrialization, modernization of the economy
2 1.3.3 Policy line of the Party and State
In recent years, the Party and the government has made policy,investment policy, to develop the central region as a dynamic economicregion of the country Policy and guideline development play a major role
in the socio-economic development of the Central Highlands region,including Dak Lak province, which contributes to shortening the gap ofdifference compared to other provinces in the country
2.1.3.4 Capital investment
2.1.3.5 Science and technology
As a resource for economic development, science andtechnology have made development, which is closer to production and life,and has an important contribution to the stability and local socio-economic development
Trang 122.2 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STATUS OF DAK LAK PROVINCE IN THE PERIOD OF INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION
2.2.1 Overview.
2.2.1.1 Scale and pace of economic growth
- Since the province split in 2004, implementing industrialization,economic modernization, Daklak has achieved significant achievements.Economic growth has been rapid, the economic structure has shiftedtowards the positive, initially promoted the advantages to develop
Table 2.2: GDP, GDP growth rate and GDP / person of Dak Lak