Phần 12 KHÓA ĐÀO TẠO TÍNH TOÁN ỔN ĐỊNH VÀ ỨNG DỤNG TRÊN PHẦN MỀM PSSE CHO KỸ SƯ HỆ THỐNG ĐIỆN (Ứng dụng Ổn định quá độ trên Phần mềm PSSE)

Ứng dụng Ổn định quá độ trên Phần mềm PSSE.NỘI DUNG CHÍNH PHẦN 12 (Application of transient Stability): • Introduction to the test system. • Load flow analysis. • Dynamic simulation setup. • Dynamic simulation setup. • Running a dynamic simulation. • Plotting dynamic simulation outputs.

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A Division of Global Power

POWER SYSTEM STABILITY CALCULATION TRAINING

D 5 A li ti f T i t St bilit Day 5 - Application of Transient Stability

July 10, 2013 Prepared by: Frida Ceja-Gomez

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OUTLINE OUTLINE

• Simulation 1: Bus fault – All other elements in service

• Simulation 2: Bus fault – Initial system with elements out of

service

• Simulation 3: Line fault – All elements in service

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EXAMPLE 1 - INTRODUCTION

TO THE TEST SYSTEM

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Input files

The files required to perform today’s

exercise are the following:

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Example 1 Single line diagram

Example 1 – Single line diagram

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Example 1 Test system information

Example 1 – Test system information

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Example 1 Test system area based report

Example 1 – Test system area-based report

• Go to the Power Flow menu, Reports, Area / owner / zone totals

• Select Report on Areas, All areas, Loads/induction machines connected to

area buses, and click on Go

• We can see the total generation, load, reactive compensation, losses and

exports of each area

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Example 1 Inter area flow report

Example 1 – Inter-area flow report

• Go to the Power Flow menu, Reports, Area / zone based reports

• Select Inter area / zone flow, choose output for all areas and click on Go

• We can see the total generation, load, reactive compensation, losses and

exports of each area

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EXAMPLE 1 – LOAD FLOW

ANALYSIS

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Example 1 – Load Flow Analysis

Example 1 Load Flow Analysis

Performing a quick load flow analysis will allow us to become

familiar with the system y

files

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Identify any problems in this base case

• Two buses suffer from low voltage

What is the cause of this low voltage?

• There is a transformer with a loading There is a transformer with a loading exceeding 100%

Why is this overload present?

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Converting Loads and Generators

it depends on V 2

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Converting Loads and Generators

• Check the output bar to see if the p

conversion was successful

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Order network for matrix operations

Solution

matrix operations (re orders

matrix operations (re-orders

the buses for sparsity)

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Factorize admittance matrix

Go to Power Flow menu Solution

• Go to Power Flow menu, Solution

• Select: Factorize admittance matrix

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Solving power flow for switching studies

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Saving the converted saved case file

ready to be used in

transient stability

simulations

different name (under the (

File menu, Save…)

case file cannot be used for

steady state power flow

analysis

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Opening the dynamics data file

• Two options:

• Dynamics data file – The program assumes it

is the first dynamics file you open

• Add dynamics data file - The program adds

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• The window below will appear

• The starting indices will be discussed in more

detail later so for the moment just select OK

detail later, so for the moment just select OK.

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for details and

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Dynamic Solution Parameters

• Found in the Dynamics y

menu

• Here we can modify the

number of iterations

number of iterations,

the tolerance of the

numerical method, etc

Since we are working

• Since we are working

on a 50Hz system,

change the simulation

steps to half a cycle

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Dynamic Simulation Options

• Found in the Found in the

relative to the swing

t generator

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Defining the simulation output

• In the Dynamics menu, In the Dynamics menu,

select Define simulation

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Defining the simulation output

• The first 6 channels added are to monitor the generator’s angles

• The last 23 channels were added to monitor the voltage at each bus

• Note that PSS®E will not delete channels unless the program is

t t d if t t t t h l 1 i th di l i d

restarted or you specify to start at channel 1 in the dialog window

shown in the previous slide

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EXAMPLE 1 - RUNNING A

DYNAMIC SIMULATION

Bus fault - All other elements in service

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Initializing the dynamic simulation

• On the Dynamics menu,

go to Simulation and

select Perform

Simulation

• Press on the button to

• Press on the … button to

select or create the

output file

S t R t t 0 0000

• Set Run to to 0.0000

• Print will display values

on the output bar

• Write will record values

on output file

• Click on Initialize

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initialization

following statement should appear at the bottom of the

output bar: “INITIAL CONDITIONS CHECK O.K.”

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Running the system before any faults

• It is a good practice to run the g p

simulation for a short

duration (in this case 1

second) before applying a

fault

• This allows the software to do

more iterations in order to

refine the system parameters

before the fault

• Also, it will be easier to see

the effect of the fault on the

plots

• To do this, change the run

time to 1s and click on Run

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Applying a disturbance

menu

choose the bus at which

the fault is applied

be applied on a line

Simulation, Perform ,

Simulation

more cycles and click on

Run

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Removing the disturbance

• Go back to the Go back to the

select Trip line, click

on the select button

and trip branch from

bus 211 to bus 201

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Running after disturbance has been cleared

• Click on OK to trip Click on OK to trip

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EXAMPLE 1 - PLOTTING THE

OUTPUTS

Bus fault - All other elements in service

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Opening the output file

• Go to the File menu, click on Open and from the drop-down list on the

bottom right corner choose to look for out files

• Open the output file we created on the previous section and a screen like

the one shown below will appear

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Viewing the recorded channels

• Go to the Plot Tree View, double-click on Channel Files and double-click

on example 1

• A list of the recorded channels will now be visible

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Plotting the recorded channels

• To plot a channel, click on it and drag it from the Plot Tree View to the

Channel Plot page

• Plot properties such as the axes, title, background, etc can be modified by

right-clicking on the plot and selecting the parameter we want to change

• Additionally, one can right click and select show editor From this window

one can modify all the plot properties.

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• Click on channel 3 and drag it to the channel plot to view the angle of

machine URBGEN

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Analyzing the output

• Is there a problem with the angle of the machine

at bus 206?

• Can it be said that the angle reaches stability?

• Verify the angles of all the other generators in the

system? Are they all stable?

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Viewing the recorded channels

• Now let us take a look some of the voltages

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Analyzing the output

• Are the observed voltages stable?

• Verify the voltage at all other buses in the

system? Are they all stable?

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DYNAMIC SIMULATION 2

Bus fault - Initial system with elements out of service

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Preparing for a new simulation

• In previous simulations, we may have switched In previous simulations, we may have switched

certain elements out of service

• Therefore before performing a new simulation it

• Therefore, before performing a new simulation, it

is important to verify that all the elements are in

service

• Go to the Network data sheet and on the Branch

tab, verify that all branches have a checkmark in

their corresponding In Service column

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Taking an element out of service

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• On the Dynamics y

menu, go to Simulation

and select Perform

Simulation

• Press on the … button

to select or create the

output file

• Use a different output

file from the one we

used in the previous

exercise

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• Verify the output bar for any errors found during Verify the output bar for any errors found during

initialization

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• Remember to run the system for about 1 second before Remember to run the system for about 1 second before

applying the fault.

change the run time to 1s and click on Run

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menu, Select bus fault

and choose the bus to

fault

Simulation, Perform

Simulation

4 additional cycles and

click on Run

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and trip branch from

bus 211 to bus 201

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Verification of the output

the output bar

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Output Verification

• Why didn’t the network converge?

• How many machines tripped? How many machines tripped?

• Which machine tripped first? Why?

• What happened after the machine we chose as

reference for the angle tripped?

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• Open the output file and plot some of the machine’s angles.

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• Now plot some of the bus voltages.

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Output Analysis

• What can you tell from the plots?

• Identify the events from the progress report on Identify the events from the progress report on

the plots

• Which buses were the most affected?

• What are the main causes of the instability in the

t k?

network?

• What type of instability can you identify?

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DYNAMIC SIMULATION 3

Line fault – All other elements in service

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Preparing for a new simulation

Once again let us verify that all the

• Once again, let us verify that all the

elements are in service

• Go to the Network data sheet and on the

Branch tab, verify that all branches have

a checkmark in their corresponding In

Service column

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• On the Dynamics y

menu, go to Simulation

and select Perform

Simulation

• Press on the … button

to select or create the

output file

• Use a different output

file from the one we

used in the previous

exercise

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• Verify the output bar for any errors found during Verify the output bar for any errors found during

initialization

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• Remember to run the system for about 1 second before Remember to run the system for about 1 second before

applying the fault.

change the run time to 1s and click on Run

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Select line fault and

choose the line to

fault (bus 152 to bus

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and trip the faulted

branch

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• Open the output file and plot some of the machine’s angles.

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• Now plot some of the bus voltages.

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Output Analysis

• What can you tell from the plots?

• Is the system stable following this disturbance?

• Why doesn’t this fault cause instability issues?

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Closing the output file

• Go the Plot Tree View

• Right-click on the output file you wish to close

• Select close

• Note that you can also export the channels to

Excel

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QUESTIONS?

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Tiêu đề	Phần 12 Khóa Đào Tạo Tính Toán Ổn Định Và Ứng Dụng Trên Phần Mềm Psse Cho Kỹ Sư Hệ Thống Điện (Ứng Dụng Ổn Định Quá Độ Trên Phần Mềm Psse)
Tác giả	Frida Ceja-Gomez
Thể loại	eBook
Năm xuất bản	2013

Định dạng
Số trang	69
Dung lượng	3,41 MB