dictionary of slang and unconventional english doc

Rhyming slang, formed from the full name of QPR, the London football club, Queens Park RangersUK , 1961 queen’s rownounan area in a prison reserved for blatantly homo-sexual prisonersUS

pussywhipverb(used of a woman) to dominate a manUS , 1974

pussy-whippedadjectivedominated by a womanUS , 1956

pussy whiskernouna pubic hairUS , 1986

pussy willownouna pillow Rhyming slangUK , 1968

pussy-woodnounstolen firewood Coalminers’ useUK , 1984

putverbto dilute a drugUS , 1992.< put a (number) onto dilute a

drug by the identified numerical factorUS , 1971.< put it aboutto

be sexually promiscuousUK , 1975.< put it onto declare hostilities

with another youth gangUS , 1953.< put it to someoneto have

sex with someoneUK , 2001.< put me ingive me some drugsUK ,

1985.< put next toto introduce one person to another or to

acquaint one person with anotherUS , 1906.< put onto fool

someone, to tease someone, to deceive someoneUS , 1958.< put

one on1to plan a crimeUK , 1996.2to hit or punch someoneUK ,

1974.< put paid toto put a stop to somethingUK , 1919.< put

yourself about1to get around and be seen Originally police

usage, now widespread probably as a result of television and film

crime dramasUK , 1970.2to work as a prostitute A variation of the

previous senseUK , 1980

putanouna sexually promiscuous woman; a prostitute From

Spanish puta (a whore) US , 1964

put awayverb1to eat or drink something especially in large

quan-titiesUK , 1878.2to put someone in jailUK , 1883.3to bribe a jockey

to lose a raceUK , 1978

put-downnouna verbal belittling or criticismUK , 1984

put downverb1to belittle someone; to treat someone with

humiliating contemptUS , 1958.2to euthanise an animalUK , 1899.

3to implicate someone as guiltyUS , 1965

put it thereused as a greeting, soliciting a handshakeUS , 1978

putonouna male homosexual Border Spanish used by

English-speakers in the American southwestUS , 1965

puto markverb to cross something out Puto is Spanish slang for ‘a

male prostitute’US , 2000

put-onadjectiveaffected, insincereUK , 1621

put outverb1to consent to sexUS , 1947.2to be deserving of some

punishmentIRELAND , 1997

put-putnoun 8see:PHAT-PHAT

putridadjectiveexcellent; brilliantAUSTRALIA , 1993

put some water on it!used as a demand that a person using acommunal toilet flush to rid the room of the smell of faecesUS , 2001

puttverbto fart Also used as noun; a childish variation ofPOOT,

probably coined in the mid-1990s by Sylvia Branzei for Grossology

US , 1996

putternounin hot rodding, a car that has been customised for showrather than performance and is used for ‘putting around’US , 1993

put the name in the hatverbto informUK , 1996

putting greennounin pool, the largest regulation-size tableUS , 1990

putt-puttnouna boat or vehicle with a puny motorUS , 1959

puttynoun< up to puttyno goodAUSTRALIA , 1916

put upverbto serve time in prisonUS , 1976

put-up jobnouna pre-arranged deceptionUK , 1838

put up or shut up!used as a challenge to take action to defendwhat you say, or be quietUS , 1878

put you up toverbto incite, induce or persuade you to dosomethingUK , 1824

putznoun1the penisUS , 1934.2by extension, an inept, contemptiblepersonUS , 1964

putzverb< putz aroundto idle; to do nothing; to waste timeUS , 1972

PWadjectivedominated by a female An abbreviation of

pyjama-pythonnounthe penisAUSTRALIA , 1971

pylonsnounthe legsUS , 1947

PYOPick-Your-Own, applied to soft fruits and farm vegetables.

Usually seen in roadside advertisingUK , 1982

pyronouna pyromaniac; pyrotechnicsUK , 1977

pythonnounthe penisAUSTRALIA , 1971

Pythonesqueadjectiveof an event, or series of events, more thanbizarre but less than surreal From the television comedy series

Monty Python’s Flying Circus, BBC, 1969–74 UK , 1979

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Qnoun1a homosexual An abbreviation ofQUEER US , 1968.2of drugs,

generally marijuana, a quarter of an ounceUK , 1997.3the

rec-reational drug methaqualone, best known as Quaaludes™US , 1977.

4in a deck of playing cards, a queenUS , 1991.5barbecueUS , 2001.

6in American casinos, a $25 chip An abbreviation ofQUARTER US ,

1983

Qnicknamethe San Quentin state prison in San Rafael, CaliforniaUS ,

1951

Q and Aa question and answer sessionUS , 1997

qatnoun1methcathinoneUS , 2003.2leaves of catha edulis, a

stimu-lant also called K, khat or kat, originating in the Horn of Africa and

the Arabian peninsula, legally available in the UK and similar to

amphetamine in effect when chewed Also known as ‘qaadka’UK ,

1996

Q boatnounan unmarked police car with plain clothes officers

From the name given to disguised naval vessels in World War 1UK ,

1977

QEverb to turn Queen’s Evidence (to give evidence for the

prosecution against your alleged accomplices)UK , 1996

Q-shipnounamong hot rodders, a high-performing car that appears

to be a conventional car Taken from the early C20 meaning of an

armed and camouflaged merchant ship used as a decoyUS , 1965

Q-signnounof a very sick hospital patient, the open mouth with the

tongue hanging out Medical wit; the ‘Q’ is an image of the mouth

and tongue as described TheO-SIGNis not quite as seriousUK , 2002

QTnoun< on the QTquietly, in strict confidenceUK , 1884

Q tipnounin poker, a queen and a tenUS , 1996

quacknoun1a doctor of medicine Following an earlier (mid-C17)

sense as ‘a pretended doctor’, abbreviated from ‘quacksalver’ (one

who sells his salves by noisy patter or ‘quacking’) The current

sense, spread through military use, does not imply any lack of

qualification or a degree of salesmanshipAUSTRALIA , 1919.2a

hospital patient who feigns symptoms in order to receive

attention, prescription medication or bothUS , 1978.3in poker, a

player who complains loudly when losingUS , 1979.4the recreational

drug methaqualone, best known as Quaaludes™US , 1985.5a

firefighter New York police slangUS , 1997.6a novice surferUS , 1977

quackernouna Kawasaki motorcycleUK , 1979

quackerynounforensic scientists; a forensic science department

Police use; always used with ‘the’ Probably a pun onQUACK(a

doctor)UK , 1971

quackienouna white personTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1971

quack-quacknoun1a duck An echoic term, used by, or to, infants

UK , 1865.2a commotionTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1982

quadnoun1a quadriplegic US , 1980.2in trucking, a quadriplex

trans-mission that provides twenty forward gears and four reverseUS ,

1971.3the recreational drug methaqualone, best known as

Quaaludes™US , 1980.4a carburettor with four barrelsUS , 1965.5a

clumsy, inept fool An evolvedSQUARE CANADA , 1993

quad-fiftynouna quadruple mount 50 calibre machine gun, a

devastating truck-drawn trailer-mounted weapon Originated in

World War 2US , 1953

quadrupletsnounin poker, four cards of the same rankUS , 1979

quadsnoun1the quadriceps musclesUS , 1984.2in poker, a hand with

all four cards of the same rankUS , 1996

quaffverbto drink alcoholUK , 1955

quailnoun1a womanUS , 1859.2a girl under the legal age of consent

A shortened form ofSAN QUENTIN QUAIL US , 1976.3a twenty-five cent

betting token used in of crapsUS , 1983

Quaker oatnouna coat Rhyming slang, formed from QuakerOats™, a brand of porridgeUK , 1932

qualitynoun< the qualityanyone who is not a member of thetravelling communityIRELAND , 1993

quangonouna government-financed, notionally independent bodywith a powerful interest in a given field of interest An acronym for

Quasi Non-Government(al) Organisation or Quasi-Autonomous National Government Organisation UK , 1973

quankernounin Nova Scotia, a duck-calling deviceCANADA , 1945

quareadjectivemediocreUK , 1983

quare hawknounsomeone who is unconventional in some way

IRELAND , 1989

quare onenounwifeIRELAND , 1997

quar icenounwater that has oozed through the ground throughsnow and frozen on the surfaceCANADA , 1955

quarked outadjectiveunder the influence of drugsUS , 1999

quarmverb(used of a man) to behave in an exaggerated, effeminatemannerBAHAMAS , 1982

quartnoun1a twenty-five cent pieceBARBADOS , 1965.2in poker, fourcards of the same suit in sequenceUS , 1979

quarternoun1a quarter of an ounce of drugs, especially cocaineUS ,

1968.2a quarter of a kilo of drugsUK , 1996.3twenty-five dollars’worth of drugs Also called a ‘quarter bag’US , 2001.4a prisonsentence of 25 yearsUS , 1964.5a jail sentence of three months.Also referred to as ‘quarter bit’ and ‘quarter stretch’UK , 1977.6inAmerican casinos, a $25 chipUS , 1980.7twenty-five pounds ofweights used in liftingUS , 1989.8a cigaretteUS , 1958

quarter birdnounone quarter pound of cocaineUS , 1999

quarter-deckverbduring US Marine Corps basic training, toadminister physical discipline or Incentive Physical TrainingUS , 2004

quarter housenouna place where mid-level heroin dealers dobusinessUS , 1978

quarter rocknouncrack cocaineUS , 1993

quart storenouna store that sells beer on the retail levelUS , 1997

quartznounmethamphetamine that is smokedUK , 1998

Quasarnouna woman A strained allusion to a Quasar televisionadvertising slogan – ‘works in a drawer’, and then punning on

‘drawers’ as an item of female underwearUS , 1976

quashienouna country-dweller; an unsophisticated peasant Possibly

from C18 Quashee, an African name, adopted by white people as

a general name for any black personUK , 1997

Quasimodonounsoda water Rhyming slang, formed from ‘TheHunchback of Notre Dame’UK , 1992

quatnounin betting, odds of 4–1UK , 1991

quaternountwenty-five cents A corruption of ‘quarter’US , 1980

quater; quarter; quatereradjective four Polari, from Italian quattro

quawknoununcooked frozen meat or fishCANADA , 1947

quay; quasnounthe recreational drug methaqualone, best known asQuaaludes™US , 1997

queannoun1an effeminate male homosexual; an ageing passivehomosexualUK , 1935.2a lesbian A term used by male homosex-ualsUK , 1984

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quean upverbin male homosexual society, to adopt girlish

mannerisms and affectations; to use cosmetics and to primp

British gay slangUK , 1972

queased outadjectivenauseated, sickUS , 1993

Quebec wrenchnouna beer bottle opener The high consumption

rate of beer in Quebec is the source of this oral slang itemCANADA ,

2001

quebernouna social outcastUS , 1987

queebnouna bisexualUS , 1988

queefnounthe passing of air from the vaginaUS , 2002

queefverbto expel air from the vagina, intentionally or notUS , 2000

queennoun1an obviously homosexual maleAUSTRALIA , 1924.2a

mother As the ruler of the houseUK , 2002.3a popular girlUS , 1959.

4a girlfriend, mistress or prostituteUS , 1968.5an enthusiast of the

preceding thing or activityUS , 1999

Queennoun< for the Queenused to describe extra days added as

punishment to a sentence of imprisonmentUK , 1996.< go

Queen’s; turn Queen’sto turn Queen’s evidence, that is, to give

evidence against co-defendants, usually to your own advantageUK ,

1996.< the Queenthe National Anthem Before this we stood for

‘the King’UK , 1952

Queen Anne is deada catchphrase retort on old news Later

vari-ations – ‘Queen Elizabeth and my Lord Baldwin’ – have not

survivedUK , 1722

queen beenoun1the alpha male in a group of homosexuals

Punning onQUEAN The Guild Dictionary of Homosexual Terms,

1965, offers this definition: ‘usually, but not always, an auntie with

money, an entourage, and numbers (sex-partners) Frequently he is

elderly and, most always, an agreeable person.’US , 1965.2a

hetero-sexual woman who seeks out the company of homohetero-sexual men

US , 1957

Queen Charlotte tuxedonouna heavy grey Stanfield’s undershirt

CANADA , 1989

queenienouna prostituteUS , 1964

QueenienicknameQueensland, AustraliaAUSTRALIA , 1994

Queen Marynoun1a surfboard that is too big for the surfer using

it Named after the ocean liner, not a royal femaleUS , 1964.2a large

tank truck An ocean liner referenceUS , 1954

Queen of MeannicknameLeona Helmsley (b.1920), American

hotelier and prototype of greed during the Reagan eraUS , 1997

Queen of the JukeboxnicknameDinah Washington (1924–1963), a

brilliant vocalist in the jazz, pop and R&B genresUS , 1975

Queen of the Southnounthe mouth Rhyming slang, formed from

the name of a Scottish football clubUK , 1992

Queen’s Cowboysnicknamethe Royal Canadian Mounted Police

CANADA , 1989

queen’s gaffnounthe anus An allusion toWINDSOR CASTLE, a royal

GAFF(residence) in Berkshire which also serves as rhyming slang

for ‘arsehole’UK , 1992

Queenslandernouna type of weatherboard house raised on stilts

AUSTRALIA , 1994

Queen’s Necklacenicknamein Mumbai, the view after dark of the

sparkling lights on Marine Drive (now Netaji Subhash Road)INDIA ,

2002

Queens Park Rangernouna stranger Rhyming slang, formed from

the full name of QPR, the London football club, Queens Park

RangersUK , 1961

queen’s rownounan area in a prison reserved for blatantly

homo-sexual prisonersUS , 1967

Queen Street bushie; Queen Street cowboy; Queen Street

ringernounin Queensland, a city person with pretences to country

living, such as dressing like a cowboy or driving a 4WDAUSTRALIA ,

2003

queen tanknouna jail holding cell reserved for flamboyantly

effeminate homosexual menUS , 1988

queenyadjective1blatantly homosexualUS , 1979.2showy,

melodramatic, affectedUS , 1997

queernoun1a homosexual man or a lesbian Usually pejorative, butalso a male homosexual term of self-reference within the gayunderground and subcultureUS , 1914.2counterfeit moneyUK , 1812

queerverbto spoil something; to ruin something; to interfere withsomethingUK , 1812.< queer a pitchto spoil a situation or acircumstance; to undermine someone’s effortsUK , 1875

queeradjective1homosexual Derogatory from the outside, not fromwithinUS , 1914.2catering to or patronised by homosexualsUS , 1957.

3driven by deep and perverse sexual desiresUS , 1967.4not good;out of fashion Like ‘gay’, ‘queer’ has been hijacked from itshomosexual contextUS , 1997.5counterfeitUS , 1951.< to be queer forto be fond of someone or somethingUS , 1953

queer and nasty, try another servicenicknamethe Australianairline QANTAS Most airlines seem to be the subject of jocularpuns ‘Queers and Nancies Trading as Stewards’ had somecirculation in the 1980sAUSTRALIA , 2002

queer as a clockwork orangeadjective1obviously homosexual.Plays onQUEER(unusual/homosexual)UK , 1973.2unusual or

suspicious Predates the novel Clockwork Orange (1962) by

Anthony BurgessUK , 1980

queer as a four-speed walking stickadjectiveunusual;

ostentatiously homosexual Popularised by raconteur ‘Blaster’ Bates(b.1922)UK , 1984

queer as a left-handed corkscrewadjectiveunusual;

ostentatiously homosexualUK , 1970s

queer as a nine-bob noteadjective1ostentatiously homosexual.Plays onQUEER(unusual/homosexual)UK , 1984.2unusual orsuspicious The most ‘queer’ (unusual) thing about a nineBOB

(shilling) note is that it has never existed; the phrase surviveddecimalisation in 1971, which ‘bob’ failed to doUK , 1984

queer as a nine-bob watchadjectivesuspicious So cheap it must

be suspectUK , 1984

queer as a three-dollar billadjectiveostentatiously homosexualUS , 1966

queer as fuckadjectivedefinitely homosexual; ostentatiously gay

QUEER(homosexual) plus ‘as fuck’ (an intensifier); punned in the

popular television drama series about gay culture, Queer As Folk

AUSTRALIA , 1997

queerbait; queer-baitnouna man who commands the attention

of homosexual men, whether he is homosexual or notUS , 1957

queer-bashingverban attack (usually physical) of a homosexualbecause of his sexualityUK , 1970

queer beernounweak, watery beer More commonly reduplicated as

‘near beer’US , 1976

queerienouna homosexualNEW ZEALAND , 1998

queer jacknouncounterfeit moneyUS , 1949

queer-rollingnounthe practice of attacking and robbing ualsUK , 1977

homosex-queer’s lunch boxnounthe male crotchUS , 1964

Queer Streetnoun< in Queer Street; on Queer Street

experiencing difficulties, especially financial difficulties; in a able positionUK , 1952

vulner-queeveverbto experience a loss of energyUS , 1984

queggnouna homosexual Possibly a compound ofQUEERxual or odd) andEGG(a person)UK , 2001

(homose-Quel ChagrinnounQueen’s Counsel From the initials QCCANADA , 2002

querynouna test or examinationUS , 1976

quesnounthe question mark (?) character on a computer keyboard

US , 1991

queuenoun< put on a queue(of a woman) to have sex with aline of partners, one after the otherAUSTRALIA , 1970

quezzienouna questionUK , 2002

quiche-eaternouna sensitive male; an effeminate maleUS , 1984

quiche outverbto concede defeat in a cowardly manner; to behave

in a weak or effeminate manner Probably from the notion that

‘real men don’t eat quiche’UK , 2006

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quick and dirtyadjectiveconstructed as quickly as possibleUS , 1991

Quickdraw McGrawnounthe US Secret Service agent who is

closest to the president Quickdraw McGraw was a Hanna Barbera

cartoon that first aired in 1959; ironically, the character Quickdraw

McGraw was not a quick draw, but his name has survived,

implying that which the character was notUS , 1981

quick-gonounin a sport, a player who does not last very long on a

teamUS , 1972

quickienoun1a sexual encounter that is carried out quicklyUS , 1950.

2an alcoholic drink taken hastilyAUSTRALIA , 1969.3something that is

accomplished quicklyUS , 1940.4an unexpected, quickly executed

manoeuvre or piece of trickeryUS , 1950

quickieadjectivecarried out quicklyUS , 1940

quick-lunchnouna fast-food small restaurantCANADA , 1959

quicknessnoun< with a quicknessas soon as possibleUS , 1997

quick onenounan unexpected act of betrayalUS , 1950

quick one off the wristnoun 8see:ONE OFF THE WRIST

quick pussynouna secure NATO communications systemCANADA ,

1995

quick-smartadverbquicklyAUSTRALIA , 1952

quick-startsnounrunning shoesUS , 1990

quick thinking, Batman!used for a humorous, if sarcastic,

response to another’s observation or conclusion From the

Batman comic and television series (1966–1968) The television

series launched several catchphrases into the vocabulary to a far

greater extent than the comic books hadUS , 1968

quick-turn burnnounthe refuelling and reloading of an F-18 fighter

jet in less than five minutesUS , 1991

quidnoun1a pound sterling; pounds sterling Deriving perhaps from

Latin quid (what?), later suggesting ‘the wherewithal’ Note too UK

dialect quid (a wad of tobacco) The quid has survived

decimalisation (1971) and several centuries of inflation; originally

coined as ‘a guinea’ (1 pound, 1 shilling), in C 19 it became ‘a

sovereign’UK , 1688.2some money Still in use despite the fact that

pounds went out in 1966 when Australia changed over to decimal

currency (dollars and cents)AUSTRALIA , 1976.3five dollars If a pound

is five dollars, so must be a quidUS , 1988.< not the full quid

without a full complement of intelligenceAUSTRALIA , 1944

quid dealnouna drug sale involving one pound’s worth of drugs,

usually marijuanaUK , 1983

quidsnouna large amount of moneyAUSTRALIA , 1930.< not for

quidsnot for anythingAUSTRALIA , 1941.< wouldn’t be dead for

quidsI am generally happy with my life and circumstances

AUSTRALIA , 1986

quids inadjectiveprospering; at an advantage Figurative use of

actual profit measured by theQUID( £1)UK , 1919

quietienouna quiet drinkAUSTRALIA , 1995

quiet-sideadjectivesecretUS , 1976

quiffnoun1the vagina; a woman as sex object; a prostitute Archaic

in the US, but understood in contextUK , 1923.2by extension, amale homosexualUS , 1977

quillnoun1anything used to snort powdered drugs; the drugsthemselvesUS , 1935.2cocaineUK , 1998.3heroinUK , 1996

quill pignouna porcupine Michigan Upper Peninsula usageUS , 2003

quiltyadjectiveluxuriousUS , 1976

quimnounthe vagina; used objectively as a collective noun forwomen, especially sexually available womenUK , 1735

quimbynouna person completely lacking in social gracesUS , 1997

quimmonouna fool; an unpleasant individual ExtendingQUIM(thevagina) as a synonym forCUNT UK , 1999

quincenounan effeminate male; a homosexualAUSTRALIA , 1941.

< get on your quinceto annoy youAUSTRALIA , 1941

quinellanounin horse racing, a bet on the first two to finish ineither orderUS , 1991

quininenounin the game of craps, the number nineUS , 1950

quintnounin poker, five cards of the same suit in sequenceUS , 1979

quint majornounin poker, a sequence of five cards, same suit,ending with the face cardsUS , 1988

quitternouna suicideUS , 1982

quivernoun1a selection of surfboards used for different surf ditionsUS , 1977.2cocaineUK , 1999

con-quivver-givernounan attractive personUS , 1947

quiznouna roadside sobriety testUS , 1976

quiz roomnouna room where the North Vietnamese interrogated

US prisoners of warUS , 1990

quizzyadjectivenoseyNEW ZEALAND , 1988

quoitnounthe anus; the backsideAUSTRALIA , 1919

quokka soccernounon Rottnest Island, running around kickingquokkas as a type of entertainment The ‘quokka’ is a small rare

native marsupial, Setonix brachyurus, of southwestern West

AustraliaAUSTRALIA , 1999

quongnounthe testicle Usually in the pluralUK , 2002

quorumnounin poker, the agreed-upon minimum number ofplayers to continue a gameUS , 1979

quoteverbin criminal circles, to vouch for someoneUK , 2000

quo vadisnoununfashionable or unpopular music Probably refers

to the 1951 film Quo Vadis and the rock group Status Quo, formed

in 1967 and, in 2003, still working, with the implication that bothentertainments are datedUK , 2003

quozzie; quoznouna disabled or deformed person Derived fromQuasimodo, ‘The Hunchback of Notre Dame’UK , 2000

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RAnoun< the RAthe Irish Republican ArmyIRELAND , 2003

raasnoun1an arse; hence your beingJAMAICA , 1994.2a contemptible

person Probable origin in the phrase ‘your arse’, although some

suggest Dutch raas (rage) The early, especially West Indian, sense

was considered extremely offensive, however modern UK black

usage is roughly equivalent toARSEorARSEHOLE There is a,

poss-ibly disingenuous, belief amongst some Jamaicans that Raas was a

king of AfricaJAMAICA , 2000.3nonsense From West Indian Black

usageUK , 2000.< the raasused in order to intensify Synonymous

with ‘the hell’, ‘the fuck’, etcUK , 1994

raasclatnounused as an extreme derogative CombinesRAAS(arse)

and ‘clat’ (West Indian pronunciation of ‘cloth’) to mean ‘a

sanitary towel’JAMAICA , 1978

raasholenouna contemptible person; used as a general term of

abuse A cross-cultural variation onARSEHOLE, using West Indian

and UK blackRAAS(an arse)UK , 2000

rabbinouna mentor or protectorUS , 1970

rabbitnoun1a woman who has a large number of children

Collected at a UK prison, August 2002JAMAICA , 2002.2a man who

ejaculates with little stimulationUS , 1987.3a white personUS , 1991.

4a nervous, timid, cautious personUS , 1951.5a new member of a

Rastafarian gangNEW ZEALAND , 1988.6a prisoner who is known for

attempting to escape prisonUS , 1972.7a person who regularly

borrows money from an illegal money lender and pays back

promptlyUS , 1950.8on the railways, a side track on a downhill

incline used to divert runaway trains and prevent crashesUS , 1946.

9a poor poker playerUS , 1967.< go like a rabbitto demonstrate

eagerness during sexUK , 1972.< the rabbit diedused for

indicat-ing a state of pregnancy From the (former) methodology used to

test pregnancy that was introduced in 1949UK , 1998.< the

rabbit’s hoppingexperiencing the bleed period of the menstrual

cycle A reversal of the phraseTHE RABBIT DIED(pregnant)US , 2001

rabbitverbto run awayUK , 1887

rabbit and pork; rabbitnounthe act of talking; a conversation

Rhyming slang for ‘talk’UK , 1980

rabbit and pork; rabbitverbto talk Rhyming slang ‘To rabbit on’

is ‘to talk at length’UK , 1941

rabbit bloodnouna seemingly unstoppable urge to try to escape

from prisonUS , 1950

rabbit earsnoun1a v-shaped aerial placed on top of a television set

US , 1967.2in a casino Keno game, the two clear plastic tubes

through which the number balls are blownUS , 1993.3an athlete or

official who is quick to take offence at teasingUS , 1967

rabbiter’s breakfastnouna visit to the toilet and a cigaretteNEW

ZEALAND , 1975

rabbit fevernounthe urge to try to escape from prisonUS , 1962

rabbit food; rabbit’s foodnounany salad vegetable, especially

lettuce A generally dismissive term from the carnivorous lobbyUK ,

1936

rabbit huntverbin poker, to look through undealt cards after a

hand is completed to see what might have beenUS , 1967

rabbit hutchnounthe crutch or crotch Rhyming slangUK , 1980

rabbit-killernouna short and vicious punch to the neck, generally

with the open handAUSTRALIA , 1941

rabbit-oh; rabbit-onouna door-to-door seller of slaughtered rabbits

From the cry ‘rabbit oh!’, used by the vendor to attract attention

RABBIT AND PORK UK , 1961

rabbit tracksnounin craps, a six rolled with a pair of threesUS , 1985

rabbit turdsnounItalian sausage Limited usage, but graphicUS , 1996

racenoun1a single game in an illegal numbers lotteryUS , 1963.2asingle game of KenoUS , 1973.< not in the racenot having anychance of successAUSTRALIA , 1904.< the racethe game of rollerderbyUS , 1960s and 70s

raceverb< race for pink slips (pinks)in drag racing, to competefor the prize of ownership of the opponent’s carUS , 2003.< race offto conduct a person away to some other place for the purpose

of seductionAUSTRALIA , 1965

race birdnounan enthusiastic fan of horse racingUS , 1971

race facenounin motor racing, the look of total concentration andfocus seen on drivers just before a race beginsUS , 1993

racehorsenoun1an accomplished, sought-after prostituteUS , 1972.

2a thinly rolled cigaretteAUSTRALIA , 1944

racehorse Charlie; racehorse Charleynounheroin; cocaine.Perhaps from the long-ago brand name White HorseUS , 1936

race recordnouna recording by a black artist; rock ’n’ roll beforewhites discovered rock ’n’ rollUS , 1927

racerheadnounin mountain biking, someone who competes inraces A mild put-down to describe riders so into competition thatthey have lost their perspective on the cosmic absurdity ofmountain bikingUS , 1992

racersnounclose-fitting nylon swimwear used for competitiveswimming So-called because they are used in competitiveswimmingAUSTRALIA , 2003

racesnoun< at the racesunsuccessful, uncompetitiveIRELAND , 2003

racetrackernounin horse racing, a person who makes their living

in some capacity at racetracksUS , 1951

racing stripenouna faecal stain in the underpantsUS , 1991

racing tacklenounamphetamines or other central nervous systemstimulantsUK , 1983

racknoun1a woman’s breastsUS , 1982.2a set of antlersUS , 1945.

3bedUS , 1955.4a room or apartmentUS , 1993.5a maximumsecurity prison cellUS , 1982.6a hotel’s front deskUS , 1954.7a foil-wrapped package of amphetaminesUS , 1997.8a packet of five bar-biturate capsules or other drugs, give or take severalUS , 1972.9aone-month supply of birth control pillsUS , 1980.10a six-pack (ofbeer)US , 1991.11a case (24 cans) of beerUS , 2000.< hit the rack

to go to bed; to go to sleepUS , 1973.< on the rackavailable forprostitutionUS , 1977

rackverb1to go to sleepUS , 1993.2to stealUS , 1997.3to shopliftUS ,

2001.4to perform wellUS , 1955.5to load (a gun)US , 1997.6in thetelevision and film industries, to adjust the camera lens in themiddle of a shot to keep the subject in focusUS , 1990.< rack the barsto open or close a prison cell doorUS , 1992

rack attacknouna nap; sleepUS , 1975

rackedadjectiveasleepUS , 1075

racked upadjectiveupsetUS , 1970

racketnoun1a criminal enterprise; a swindle or a means ofdeception Any illicit or dubious enterprise may be termed a

‘racket’ by prefixing the area of criminal operation, hence

‘narcotics racket’, ‘loan-shark racket’, etcUK , 1894.2a job, trade orprofession A jocular reference: ‘What racket are you in?’ or ‘What’syour racket?’UK , 1891.3a private, police-only partyUS , 1987.4anyrigged carnival game or attractionUS , 1960

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racket boynouna member of an organised criminal enterpriseUS ,

1953

racket jacketnounthe jacket of a zoot suitUS , 1945

racketty coonouna Jewish person Rhyming slang for ‘Jew’

AUSTRALIA , 1971

racketyadjectivenoisyUS , 1975

rackeynouna boy who affects a style of dressing reminiscent of a

gangster Teen slangUS , 1955

rack facenounlines on your face left from a blanket, sheet or pillow

US , 1996

rack monsternouna person who spends a great deal of time in

bedUS , 1976

rack offverbto go away Commonly but not exclusively used in the

imperative A euphemistic alternative toPISS OFFandFUCK OFF

Origin unknown The Oxford English Dictionary (supplement)

suggests a connection with ‘rack’ meaning ‘of a horse, to move by

alternately raising two legs on one side’, but this seems hardly

creditable due to the rarity of that term in AustraliaAUSTRALIA , 1975

rack off hairy legs!go away! An intensive form of the usualRACK

OFFwith the rather feeble insult ‘hairy legs’ tacked onAUSTRALIA , 1988

rack outverbto go to sleepUS , 1991

rack upverb1to accumulate things; to score pointsUS , 1961.2in a

casino or gambling establishment, to have your chips placed in a

chip rack to be cashed inUS , 1982.3to prepare lines of cocaineUK ,

1997.4in prison, to return prisoners to their cellsUS , 1990

racy boppernouna female fan of motor racing whose attraction to

the sport is a function of her attraction to the race participantsUS ,

radar alleynounany stretch of a motorway heavily patrolled by

radar; especially, Interstate 90 between Cleveland and the New

York state lineUS , 1971

radar Charlienouna poker player with a strong intuitive sense of

other players’ handsUS , 1988

RadCannounRadio Canada, the francophone side of the Canadian

Broadcasting Corporation The ‘Rad’ in RadCan suggests ‘radical’, a

view held by Canadian federalists of Radio Canada (pronounced,

even by anglophone speakers, in the French way, as ‘Raaahdio

Canada’)CANADA , 2002

raddienoun1an Italian or Anglo-Italian living in London From the

raddled-seeming complexion of some Italians compared to that of

a pale Londoner, possibly influenced byREDDY(an Italian)

Originally used of Italian families in ClerkenwellUK , 1938.2a

politi-cal radipoliti-cal UK , 1964

radgenouna psychotic; a madmanUK , 1995

radgeadjective1used in order to express approvalUK , 2003.2mad;

psychoticUK , 2003.3silly Northen dialect radgy (mad) UK , 1961

radgepotnoun a fool Probably direct from Northern dialect radge

(mad) Natural derivations are ‘radgy’ and ‘radgified’UK , 1979

radiateverb< radiate a mortgagein Quebec, to cancel a

mortgageCANADA , 2001

radiator whiskeynounstrong, homemade whiskyUS , 1999

radicnouna police officer, especially armed police Shortened from

‘eradicator’UK , 1994

radicaladjectiveextreme; outrageous; good Originally surfer slang,

then migrated into the argot of the San Fernando Valley and then

into mainstream US youth slangUS , 1967

radionouna prisoner who talks loudly and without paying attention

to who might be listeningUS , 1976

Radio Onesnoundiarrhoea Rhyming slang forTHE RUNS, formed on

(the verbal out-pourings of the DJs on) BBC Radio OneUK , 1992

radio rental; radio rentals; rentalsadjectivewonderful, amazing;insane, crazy Rhyming slang forMENTAL; based on Radio Rentals, ahigh street shopUK , 1973

radio that!; radio that shit!used in prison as a demand for quiet

US , 1981

’radonouna Cadillac El Dorado carUS , 1980

rad padnounin skateboarding, a rubber wedge used as a shock padthat changes the angles at which the axle assembly is mountedUS , 1976

radsnounthe policeUK , 2000

Rafferty’s rules; Rafferty rulesnounan entire lack of rulesaltogether From the Irish surname Rafferty, with the implicationthat the Irish were unruly Connection with the Northumberland

dialect word raffety ‘irregular; applied by sinkers to stratified deposits’, and the Lincolnshire term raffatory ‘refractory’ (see

English Dialect Dictionary), amount to nothing more than hopeful

guessworkAUSTRALIA , 1918

raffle ticket; rafflenouna mistake Rhyming slang forRICKET UK , 1992

raftnouna large amountUS , 1830

ragnoun1a sanitary towelUS , 1966.2the bleed period of themenstrual cycleUS , 1971.3a despicable personUS , 1997.4anewspaper, especially a disreputable oneUK , 1889.5a used car that

is in very poor conditionUS , 1980.6a well-worn tyreUS , 1961.7abanknote; paper moneyUK , 1817.8in pool, a cushionUS , 1985.9inhorse racing, an outsider (a horse considered unlikely to win arace)UK , 1991.10in poker, a useless card in the dealt hand or adrawn card that does not improve the handUS , 1978.11in acarnival midway game, a small prize in a plastic bagUS , 1985.12arailway pointsmanUS , 1946.< get your rag outto lose yourtemper A combination ofLOSE YOUR RAGand the earlier ‘get yourshirt out’UK , 1956.< lose your ragto lose your temperUK , 1959.

< on the rag; have the rag on1experiencing the bleed period

of the menstrual cycleUS , 1974.2figuratively, to be distracted andirritableUS , 1963

ragverbto mock, bully, tease or ridicule someoneUK , 1808

ragadjectiveunpleasant, badNEW ZEALAND , 1998

ragamuffinnounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycle A play on

RAG(a sanitary towel)AUSTRALIA , 2001

rag and bonenoun1a telephone Rhyming slangUK , 1984.2alavatory pedestal and receptacle, especially the lavatory seat.Rhyming slang forTHRONE UK , 1992

rag and bonernouna telephone Extended from rhyming slangRAG AND BONE(telephone)UK , 1984

raga-ragaadjectiveof clothes, worn-out, ragged A variation on ventional ‘ragged’JAMAICA , 1943

con-ragbagnoun1an odd assortmentUK , 1999.2an untidily or shabbilydressed personUK , 1888.3in circus and carnival usage, a show thathas fallen on hard times or is fundamentally dishonestUS , 1981

ragenouna large waveUS , 1991

rageverb1to enjoy a party with great enthusiasmUS , 1992.2todominate someone or somethingUS , 1984

-ragesuffixwhen combined with a subject noun, an outburst ofenraged hostility within or occasioned by that subject areaUK , 1998

ragernoun1a skilled, aggressive surfer or skateboarderUS , 1997.2alarge partyUS , 1990

ragga; ragamuffin; raggamuffinnouna ruffian, usually of WestIndian racial origin Originally a West Indian and UK black termwith an approving tone; probably derived from the conventionalsense of a ‘raggedy’ (a disreputable person); ultimately fromRagamoffyn, a demon in the Middle English poem ‘PiersPlowman’ by William Langland (perhaps 1330–86) The derivation

is likely to be influenced by Jamaican ‘raga-raga’ (ragged) and

‘ragamofi’ (ragged clothes)UK , 1996

raggagansta; raggagangstanouna West Indian/UK black gangster.CompoundsRAGGAMUFFIN(a ruffian) withGANGSTA(a gangster)UK , 1997

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raggastaninouna member of a British Indian (Hindi) urban youth

gang or subcultureUK , 2006

raggedadjective1without moneyUS , 1990.2tired; unwellAUSTRALIA ,

1958

ragged edgenounin hot rodding, drag racing, and motor racing,

the absolute limit of the car’s abilityUS , 1965

raggedyadjectiveragged; rough; dishevelledUS , 1890

raggedy jacknounin Newfoundland, a homemade pile rugCANADA ,

1979

raggedy jacketnounin Newfoundland, a harp seal moulting from

the white coat to the bedlamer stageCANADA , 1976

raggin’adjectivedressed in fashionable and expensive clothingUS , 1987

raggy-arseadjectiveof poor qualityUK , 2002

rag headnoun1an Arab person, or a native of any race that wears a

cloth-covering on the head; by extension a native of Muslim

countries OffensiveUS , 1921.2in circus and carnival usage, a gypsy

US , 1981

ragingadjectivevery good; very excitingUS , 1995

Raging BullnicknameJake LaMotta (b.1921), a middleweight boxer

who fiercely made his presence felt in the ring in the 1940s and

50sUS , 1980

raging queernouna particularly ostentatious or importunate male

homosexual An intensification ofQUEER(a male homosexual)UK ,

1984

rag jointnouna carnival concession in a canvas boothUS , 1985

ragman’s coatnounon a woman, an untrimmed and naturally

abundant mass of pubic hairUK , 2002

rag ordernounchaotic disorder, a mess MilitaryUK , 1983

rag storenouna big con swindle in which the lure is the promise of

wealth from stocks traded based on allegedly inside information

US , 1969

rag stuffernouna parachute riggerUS , 1991

ragtimenounthe bleed period of a woman’s menstrual cycle A play

onON THE RAG(menstruating), after the musical styleUS , 2001

ragtopnouna convertible carUS , 1955

rag townnouna town built in prosperous times, bound to fall into

poverty with the end of prosperous timesUS , 1954

ragweednoun1poor quality marijuana After botanical genus

Ambrosia the which grows wild across North America US , 1969.

2poor quality heroinUK , 1998

rag weeknounthe week of the month when a woman has a

menstrual bleed CombinesRAG(a sanitary towel), as in ‘on the

rag’, with conventional ‘week’ to form a play on university rag

weekUK , 2001

rah!; rah rah!used as a cheer, a shouted expression of support or

encouragement A shortening of ‘hurrah!’ in college sports use As

‘rah! rah! rah!’ it is the climax of a Maori war cry that has been

adopted by New Zealand rugby teamsUS , 1870

rah-rahadjectivecharacterised by excessive spirit and enthusiasm,

usually associated with college or high schoolUS , 1914

rahtid; raatid; rhaatidadjectiveused as an intensifier that implies

anger or strong disapproval Urban black usageUK , 1994

railnoun1a line of cocaine or other powdered drug, laid out for

snortingUS , 1984.2any railway employeeUS , 1946.< on the railin

American casinos, observing the gambling but not playingUS , 1985

railverbto arrest or detain someoneUS , 1995

railbirdnoun1in horse racing, an enthusiast who watches morning

workouts, carefully clocking performancesUS , 1931.2in American

casinos, a thief who steals chips from inattentive gamblersUS , 1985.

3in pool, a spectatorUS , 1993

raildognouna backstage technician who works with set rigging on a

catwalkUS , 1991

railfieldverba thief who simply grabs shop merchandise and runs

from the shopUS , 1960

rail job; railnouna drag racing car with a chassis made of rail-likemetal bars; a drag racing car regardless of the chassis construction

US , 1963

rail luggernounin horse racing, a horse that prefers to run near ornext to the inside railUS , 1947

rail on; railverbto criticize or reprimand someoneUS , 1987

railratnounin the language surrounding the Grateful Dead, amember of the audience who prefers to see the show from asclose as possible to the band, right on the railUS , 1994

railroadverbto move your jaw from side to side obsessively andinvoluntarily after sustained amphetamine useUS , 1989

railroad biblenouna deck of playing cardsUS , 1976

railroad dicknouna private guard employed by a railway company

rail sandwichnouna surfboard between your legsUS , 1978

rails bookmaker; rails bookienounone of the more prestigiousbookmakersAUSTRALIA , 1950

railway stationnounan ‘allocation’ prison from which prisoners areforwardedUK , 1999

ráiméisnounfoolish, nonsensical, ill-founded talkIRELAND , 2001

rainverb< if it was raining I am extremely unluckyAUSTRALIA ,

1965.< rain pups and pussiesto rain very hardUS , 1990

rain and pour; rainverbto snore Rhyming slangUK , 1992

rainbownoun1a capsule of amobarbital sodium and secobarbitalsodium (trade name Tuinal™), a combination of central nervoussystem depressantsUS , 1966.2in casinos, a bet comprised of differ-ent colour and different value betting chipsUS , 1991.3in oil drilling,

a very small showing of oil in a holeUS , 1954.4a soldier who joins

a fighting unit after conflict has ceased Used in both World Wars;

a rainbow comes after a stormAUSTRALIA , 1919.< go up the rainbowto experience sexual ecstasyUK , 1972

rainbow handnouna poker hand with cards of all four suitsUS , 1950

rainbow jumpernounin basketball, a high, arcing jump shotUS , 1974

rainbow partynounoral sex on one male by several females, allwearing different colours of lipstickUS , 2003

rainbow rollnouna multi-coloured assortment of barbituratecapsulesUS , 1973

rainbowsnoun1LSD Presumably from the pictures printed on theblotting paper doseUK , 1998.2the recreational drug methaqualone,best known as Quaaludes™UK , 1983

rain checknoun1a request or promise to take up an invitation at aconvenient time; a postponement of any arrangement From theticket given to a spectator at an outdoor event providing for arefund/admission at a later date, should the event be interrupted

by rainUS , 1930.2the reduction of a criminal penalty; parole,probationUS , 1949

raincoatnouna condom Figurative use of waterproof wearUS , 1970

Raincoat Charlienouna striptease audience member whomasturbates beneath the safety of his raincoatUS , 1981

raincoaternouna stereotypical perverted pornography fanUS , 2000

raincoat jobnouna sexual fetish involving urination on yourpartnerUS , 1993

rain dancenounin computing, an action that is expected to betaken but will likely produce no resultsUS , 1974

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rained outadjectivepostponed A term from sports, especially

baseball, but applied more broadly to refer to, for example, a class

on a given day that has been postponedUS , 1995

raining and pouring; rainingnounsnoring Rhyming slangUK , 1992

rainmakernouna member of an enterprise whose job includes

procuring clients or business by the use of charmUS , 1985

rain roomnouna shower roomUS , 1968

Rainy CitynicknameManchester, UKUK , 1981

rainy day womannounmarijuana This seems to have been

inspired by the following lyric: ‘Everybody must get stoned’ by Bob

Dylan, ‘Rainy Day Women #12 & 35’, 1966US , 1982

raisenoun1stake money; a monetary profitUK , 2000.2parentsUS ,

1972.3the armUS , 1973

raiseverb1(used of a male) to achieve an erectionBAHAMAS , 1971.2to

identify yourself to a fellow travellerUS , 1957.3to bail someone out

of jailUS , 1973.< raise Cainto make a disturbance; to complain

or quarrel noisily and angrilyUS , 1930.< raise hellto make a

dis-turbance; to make a din; to cause troubleUS , 1896.< raise sand

to argue loudly, creating a problemUS , 1965

raisernoun1a lookout who warns confederates of approaching

policeUS , 1992.2a criminal who specialises in forging increases in

the amount payable to an otherwise legitimate cheque or security

US , 1950

raise upverb1to make someone angryUS , 2001.2to warn someone

US , 1992.3to be released from prisonUS , 1990

raisinheadnouna black person OffensiveUS , 1978

raisin jacknouna potent and vile alcoholic beverage brewed by

letting raisins ferment, usually in prisonUS , 1986

raisin pickernounon the railways, a worker from Fresno, California

Fresno is regarded as the raisin capital of the USUS , 1975

raisin snapnounalcohol made from fermented raisinsUS , 1988

raizeverbto annoy or harass someoneUS , 1991

rajahnounan erectionNEW ZEALAND , 1998

rajamuffinnouna member of a British Indian (Hindi) urban youth

gang or subculture A play on raggamuffinUK , 2006

Rajputananouna banana Rhyming slang, formed from a ship that

berthed in London’s Royal DocksUK , 1998

rakenoun1an amount of something; a large quantityIRELAND , 1995.

2a combUS , 1960.3in pool, a device used to support the cue stick

for a hard-to-reach shotUS , 1990

rakeverbto lower the front end of a carUS , 1970.< rake a gameto

charge card players for the privilege of playingUS , 1977.< rake the

leavesto drive at the back of a group of trucks travelling on a

motorway together, watching for police from the rearUS , 1976

rakedadjectivedrunkUS , 1990

rakehellnounan utter scoundrelUK , 1554

rake-innounthe financial results of an enterpriseUS , 1947

rake in; rakeverbto make money, especially in generous quantities

or at an enviable speedUK , 1583

rake-offnounmoney obtained from a crime or as a bribeUS , 1899

Rakkasansnicknamethe 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment

Distinguished airborne and air assault soldiers in World War 2,

Korea, Vietnam and the Persian Gulf From the Japanese for

‘parachute’, named during the first four years of occupation duty

in JapanUS , 1989

raklinouna girl; a woman Romany in current English gypsy useUK ,

2000

Raleigh bikenouna lesbian Rhyming slang forDYKE, formed on a

product of a well-known bicycle manufacturerUK , 1992

rallyverbto go out drinkingUS , 1974

ralphnoun1a right turnUS , 1968.2vomitUS , 1975

ralphverbto vomitUS , 1966

Ralphed upadjectivedressed in a smart casual style From RalphLauren (b.1939), designer of the Polo™ range of casual clothingUK , 1997

ramnounamyl or butyl nitrite Reflecting popular male gay use,possibly deriving from a brand nameUS , 1998

ramverb(from a male perspective) to have sex, perhaps violently.Mainly derived from ‘ram’ (a male sheep), but the thrusting actionechoes ‘ram’ (to batter with a long pole)UK , 2001

-rama; -erama; -oramasuffixused for conveying a superlative

qual-ity or quantqual-ity From Greek orama (a view) US , 1954

rama-lamanounrock ’n’ roll music From the doo-wop song ‘RamaLama Ding Dong’ recorded by the Edsels in 1959, and somehow

thought to capture the joie de vivre of the music UK , 2001

Rambettenouna female Rambo – reckless, fearless, the warriorwomanUS , 1992

ramblernouna (portable) radioUK , 1996

rambling ROK’snounground troops of the Army of South Korea(the Republic of Korea)US , 1964

Rambonoun1a soldier with too much of a sense of drama and toolittle intelligence After the 1982 film starring Sylvester Stallone as

an invincible if mentally unstable Vietnam veteranUS , 1989.2anintolerant prison officer who would rather punish inmates Fromthe 1982 film starring Sylvester Stallone as a military man whouses the most extreme measures to quell his opponents In use in

UK prisons in 2002UK , 2002.3heroinUK , 1998

Rambo ragnouna handkerchief worn on the head Worn byStallone in the filmUS , 1991

ramjamadverbabsolutely crammedUK , 1879

rammedadjectivecrammed, stuffed fullUK , 1996

rammiesnountrousers; pants Rhyming slang Shortening of

‘rammy rousers’, rhyming slang for ‘trousers’AUSTRALIA , 1906

rammynouna brawl; a noisy argument, a row; a bustling crowdUK: SCOTLAND , 1935

rammyverbto take part in crowd violenceUK: SCOTLAND , 1996

rampnoun1a search of a prisoner or prison cell Conducted tosearch for contraband, though often carried out with muchdestruction in order to harass the prisonerAUSTRALIA , 1919.2a publichouse bar counter; hence, a public house From an earlier, moregeneral, sense as a shop counterUK , 1935

rampverb1to swindle, to con; to rob, to mug; to make trouble.Contemporary use is mainly West Indian and UK blackUK , 1812.2topretend A variation of the sense ‘to swindle, to con’UK , 2000.3tosearch a prisoner or a prison cellAUSTRALIA , 1919

rampedadjectivedrunkUS , 1992

ram-raidverbto rob a premises using a vehicle as a battering ramand driving it through a window or a wallUK , 1987

ram-raid; ram-raidingnouna method of robbery that utilises amotor vehicle as a battering ram to gain entry, often using thevehicle to make off with stolen goodsUK , 1991

ramraidernoun1a criminal involved in ram-raidingUK , 1991.2apowerful amphetamine sulphateUK , 1990s

ramrodnounthe penis; the erect penisUK , 1902

Ramsgate Sand; Ramsgatenounthe hand Rhyming slang,formed on the Kent seaside resortUK , 1992

ram’s pasturenounin oil drilling, non-productive landUS , 1954

ram tubenounin a drag racing car, an injector that forces air into acarburettorUS , 1970

ranchnoun1a houseUS , 1960.2any place where marijuana is soldUS ,

1945.3to a trucker, anywhere you spend the nightUS , 1976

ranchverbto idle; to spend time doing littleUS , 1991

Ranch Handnouna C-123 aircraft equipped with tanks filled withdefoliants used on the Vietnam jungleUS , 1969

rancidadjective1in poor tasteUS , 1989.2excellent; brilliantAUSTRALIA , 1993

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randannouna spree of wild, debauched, hedonistic behaviour,

especially if heavy drinking is involved Usually in the phrase ‘on

the randan’UK: SCOTLAND , 1985

Randolph Scott; Randolphnouna spot Rhyming slang, based on

the name of film actor Randolph Scott, 1903–87UK , 1992

randomadjectiveordinary if unexpected A major word of the 1990s

US youth, just a tad to the slang side of conventional EnglishUS ,

1968

R and Rnoun1rest and rehabilitation; rest and recovery; rest and

recreation; rest and recuperation; rape and restitution; rape and

ruin; rape and run Despite disagreement on the ‘R’s’, the

meaning is the same – a brief stint away from combat or regular

dutyUS , 1953.2rock ’n’ rollUK , 1977.3rape and robbery A cynical

play on the US military ‘r and r’ (rest and recreation)UK , 1996

randyadjective1sexually aroused; feeling lecherous From Scottish

dialect randy UK , 1847.2homosexual, perhaps seen as a threatening

or predatory characteristic Public schools use, probably deriving

from the more general sense as ‘lecherous or sexually aroused’

when applied in a single-sex environmentUK , 1968

randy AndynicknamePrince Andrew; any man named AndrewUK ,

1984

randy comedownnouna desire for sex as the effects of drug use

wear offUK , 2002

ranenouncocaine; heroinUK , 2003

rangnouna person who is acting very oddly An abbreviation of

‘orangutan’US , 1966

rangdoodlesnounin poker, a temporary increase in the betting

limit after a player has won a hand with an agreed-upon, rare and

excellent handUS , 1967

Ranger’s Biblenounthe US Army Ranger handbook, a

supplemen-tal training document for long-range reconnaissance patrolsUS , 1990

rangoodnounwild marijuana Probably a playful misspelling of

RANGOON UK , 2003

rangoonnounwild marijuanaUS , 1968

Rangoonnouna prune Rhyming slang, formed from the Burmese

capitalUK , 1992

rankverb1to disparage; to insult, especially in a formulaic or ritual

mannerUS , 1945.2to bungle or ruin somethingUS , 1950

rankadjectiveunpleasant; stupid; bad-smelling In the world of

bad-is-good alienated youth, ‘rank’ can be bad-is-good or badUS , 1955

rankingadjective1excellent; admirable Also shortened to ‘ranks’UK ,

1985.2average, mediocreJAMAICA , 2000

rank outverbto offend or disgust someone by doing something

rankUS , 1997

ran-tannoun< on the ran-tanon a drinking spreeIRELAND , 1977

rapnoun1a criminal chargeUS , 1903.2blame or responsibilityUS , 1927.

3a prison sentenceUS , 1927.4a clever line of improvised chat,

speech or conversation Black coinage, adopted and popularised by

hippiesUS , 1967.5a popular music genre in which a rhythmic lyric

is spoken over a musical backgroundUS , 2002.6a meandering,

unstructured group discussionUS , 1967.7the way in which a person

expresses himself or herselfUS , 1975.8a very small amountUS , 1973.

< ride the rapto serve a prison sentence without losing control,

hope or sanityUS , 1991

rapverb1to talk without an agenda, aimlessly but honestly Found

before the 1960s, but truly a word of the 60sUS , 1929.2to criticise

someoneUS , 1957.3to accuse someone falsely or to seek a more

serious sentence for someone than their crime deservesUS , 1965.

4to perform semi-spoken lyrics over a musical backgroundUS , 1979

raparazzinounan elite grouping within hip-hop culture ExtendsRAP

(the pre-eminent hip-hop music style) on the model ofPAPARAZZI

(photographers who prey on celebrities); the suggestion of preying

remainsUK , 2002

rapeverbin computing, to destroy a program or data without hope

of recovering itUS , 1991

rape toolsnounthe penis and testiclesUS , 1962

rapidadjectiveexcellentIRELAND , 2003

rapo; rape-onouna rapistUS , 1972

rap parlornouna brothel in disguise as a massage parlour indisguise as a business where you pay to talk to women For thoseentrepreneurs who do not have what it takes to obtain a massagelicenceUS , 1982

rap partnernounin a criminal enterprise, a person who will acceptresponsibility for a venture gone poorly and serve a jail sentence

US , 1977

rappernoun1a performer of rap lyricsUS , 1979.2the mouth; thevoiceUS , 1969.3the chief witness for the prosecution in a criminaltrialUS , 1962

rappienouna partner in crimeUS , 1981

rap sessionnouna group discussion, unstructured and uninhibited

US , 1969

rap sheetnouna record of a person’s past arrests and convictions

US , 1960

raptadjectivedelighted Variant ofWRAPPED AUSTRALIA , 1963

raptornouna rap performer who is also an actorUS , 1998

Raquel Welchnouna belch Rhyming slang formed from the name

of the film actress (b.1940)UK , 1992

Raquel Welchverbto belch Rhyming slang, formed from thename of the US actress (b.1940)UK , 1971

rareadjective1excellent; very enjoyableUK: SCOTLAND , 1985.2ofsomeone, unusual, eccentric Sometimes ‘wild rare’ is also used

presen-raring to goadjectiveeagerly impatient to get startedUS , 1935

rark-upnounan argument or rebukeNEW ZEALAND , 1995

rark upverbto rebuke or annoy someoneNEW ZEALAND , 1997

ras!used for expressing surpriseUS , 2004

rashnoun< be all over someone like a rash1to smothersomeone with affection, kisses, etcAUSTRALIA , 1965.2to be easilyoutdoing an opponentAUSTRALIA , 1961

rashienounan upper garment worn by surfers Originally wornunder a wetsuit in order to preventWETTIE RASH AUSTRALIA , 1996

raspberrynoun1a disapproving fart-like noise From out-of-daterhyming slang, ‘raspberry tart’ forFART UK , 1890.2a light grazing ofthe skin Skateboarders’ slang; from the appearanceUK , 1998.3asore or abcess on an intravenous drug user from repeatedinjections in the same spotUS , 1973.4a male who trades sex fordrugsUS , 1995

raspberrylandnicknameTasmania From the crop Hence, aTasmanian is called a ‘raspberrylander’AUSTRALIA , 1966

raspberry ripple; raspberrynouna disabled individual Rhymingslang for ‘cripple’UK , 1977

raspyadjective1excellentUS , 1982.2bad, unpleasantUS , 1977

rassnounthe buttocks; hence, used as a term of abuse FromARSE

rasta weednounmarijuana Marijuana is famously central to

of the preceding activity or thingUS , 1864.4a railway detectiveUS ,

1977.5a prostituteBARBADOS , 1965.< like a rat up a drainpipe; like a rat up a drainvery swiftly Often used with ‘up that/her’,

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in which case it is usually of a woman objectified in a sexual

contextAUSTRALIA , 1971.< like a rat up a rhododendronvery

swiftly A jocular variation ofLIKE A RAT UP A DRAIN AUSTRALIA , 1971.

< like a rat up a rope/shorelinewith great speedAUSTRALIA ,

1945.< not give a rat’s ass; not give a rat’s arseto not care

at allUS , 1971.< rat’s died up your arseused of an especially

noxious fartUK , 2001

ratverb1to inform Perhaps from an earlier political sense of

changing political partiesUS , 1934.2to rob or loot a person or place

AUSTRALIA , 1898

ratadjectivedisloyal, untrustworthy;US , 1955

rat and mousenoun1a house Rhyming slang; first recorded in

Songs and Slang of the British Soldier: 1914–1918, John Brophy

and Eric Partridge, 3rd edition, 1931 Recorded in the US in 1943

UK , 1931.2an informer Rhyming slang forLOUSE(a despicable

person)UK , 1961

rat-arsed; ratarsedadjectivedrunkUK , 1982

ratatouillenouna nightclub that caters to a mix of gay and straight

customers A culinary allusionUK , 2003

ratbagnouna contemptible person A ‘ratbag’ can be merely a

person with odd notions, an eccentric, or someone whose ideas or

behaviour verge on the insaneAUSTRALIA , 1890

ratbaggerynounbehaviour which is eccentric, despicable or

otherwise contemptibleAUSTRALIA , 1943

rat beltnounin computing, a self-locking cable tieUS , 1991

rat bitenouna skin bruise caused by sucking Hawaiian youth usage

US , 1982

ratboynoun1among a group of drug users, a person who will

sample any drug before the group uses it An allusion to the rat as

the subject of laboratory experimentsUS , 1987.2a member of a

subcultural urban adolescent grouping defined by a hip-hop dress

and jewellery senseUK , 2000

rat capernouna minor crimeCANADA , 1976

ratchetnounany weaponUS , 2003

ratchet jawnouna person who talks too much and says too little

US , 1965

ratchet-mouthverbto talk incessantlyUS , 1981

rat-cunningnouncraftinessAUSTRALIA , 1979

rat cunningadjectivecraftyAUSTRALIA , 1970

rat-drawnadjectiveused of shoes, pointedUS , 1976

rat-eyedadjectivedrunkUK , 1998

ratfink; rat finknoun1a despised person CombinesRAT(someone

unpleasant) andFINK(someone despised, an informer)US , 1964.2an

informer CombinesRAT(an informer) andFINK(an informer)US ,

1965

rat fucknoun1a chaotic military disasterUS , 1930.2a despicable

personUS , 1922.3a damnUS , 1971.4a prankUS , 1965

Rat Fucknounthe Reaction Forces of the South Vietnamese Army

US , 1990

ratfuckverbto pull a prankUS , 1965

ratfuck operationnounany operation characterised by poor

planning, confusion or chaos Frequently used in the Vietnam war

US , 1990

rat headnouna person, especially a woman, who conveys a

complete lack of taste and finesseUS , 2004

rat holenoun1a small, messy, cluttered placeUK , 1812.2a railway

tunnelUS , 1975

rat-holeverbto stash something away, usually secretivelyUS , 1948

rat housenounan insane asylumAUSTRALIA , 1900

rat jacketnouna reputation for being an informerUS , 1973

rat-leggedadjectivedrunk A variation ofRAT-ARSED UK , 2002

rat motornounin hot rodding, a Chevrolet engine, usually 396

cubic inches or largerUS , 2001

rat-onnounan erectionNEW ZEALAND , 1995

rat outverbto inform on someoneUS , 1990

rat packnoun1in competition surfing, competitors vying for theleadUS , 1988.2a group of young gang membersUS , 1951.3a ration

of food issued to South African soldiers; a package of foodSOUTH AFRICA , 1984

rat-packverbto surround and attack someoneUS , 1971

rat racenoun1any hectic and non-productive situation, activity orlifestyleUS , 1947.2the face Rhyming slangUK , 2003

rat rownounan area in a jail or prison reserved for police informerswho would not be safe in the general population of the facilityUS , 1982

rat runnouna narrow way between buildings; a back alley; a sideroad, especially if used in a short-cut; a route through back streetsthat is used by motorists avoiding heavy trafficUK , 1977

ratsnouncombat rationsUS , 1976

rats!used as an expression of annoyance or dismissalUS , 1886

rats and mice; ratsnoun1dice Rhyming slangUK , 1932.2rice.Rhyming slangUK , 1992

rat’s coffinnouna meat pieAUSTRALIA , 2003

ratshitnouna despicable person or thingUS , 1994.< go to ratshit

to go very wrongUK , 1995

ratshitadjectiveno good; dreadfulAUSTRALIA , 1970

rattedadjectivedrunkUK , 2002

ratternoun1a police informer; a traitor to a cause or enterpriseUS ,

1975.2a thief, especially one who steals opal from another’s mine

rattle and clank; rattlenouna bank Rhyming slangUK , 1962

rattle and hiss; rattlenounan act of urination; urine Rhymingslang forPISS UK , 1998

rattlernoun1a trainUK , 1871.2Boston’s underground system, theMassachusetts Transit AuthorityUS , 1997

rattler-jumpingadjectivetravelling by illegally catching trains

forJAP, a pejorative term dating from World War 2 and lingeringamong veterans of that conflict (especially prisoners of war) Alsoshortened to ‘rat’UK , 1992

rat turdsnounan Oak Leaf Cluster, a military decoration indicatingthat the soldier has received another decoration more than once

US , 1990

rattyadjective1wretched, miserable, mean; stained, tatteredUS , 1867.

2angry, irritatedUK , 1909.3foolish, odd, eccentricNEW ZEALAND , 1998.

unpleasant, contemptible; dirtyUS , 1939.3used of music, abrasive,

aggressiveUS , 1982

ravagedadjectivedrunkUK , 2002

ravenoun1a party; a bottle party; a party open to the public, often

announced and sited clandestinely, featuring drugs, music and

sensory overload Variant of ‘rave up’ First used of wild parties in

the late 1950s, then byMOD(s) in the 60s; revived in the 80s for

parties on such a scale that both UK culture and law were

signifi-cantly changedUK , 1992.2an enthusiastic reviewUS , 1926.3the

object of a passionate liking or crazeUK , 1959

raveverb1to express an enthusiasm for somethingUK , 1704.2to

enjoy the music and other sensations of a raveUS , 1995.3to persist

in discussing something that does not interest anyone else

involved in the discussionUS , 1981

rave drugnounany chemical or ‘designer’ drug associated with

dance and club cultureUK , 2003

rave energynounMDMA, the recreational drug best known as

ecstasy The rave culture was fuelled by MDMAUK , 2003

ravenadjectivegluttonous; greedyGRENADA , 1996

ravernoun1a dedicated hedonist, party-goer, sexual adventurer or

drug taker Extended from the sense as a ‘passionate enthusiast’

Defined as ‘a young woman who is enthusiastically promiscuous

or merely of a passionate (but not promiscuous) natureUK , 1968.

2someone who goes to a raveUK , 2000.3a homosexual maleUK ,

1996

rave-upnouna social gathering Used ironically of a mild, as

opposed to wild, party, by people old enough to remember the

rave-ups of the 1960sUK , 1984

raveyadjectivecharacteristic of ravingUK , 2000

ravingadjectiveused as an intensifier; complete, excellent, utmost,

etcUK , 1959

Ravi Shankarnouna wanker Rhyming slang, formed from the

name of the celebrated Indian musician (b.1920)UK , 2003

rawnouncrack cocaineUS , 1994.< in the rawnakedUS , 1934

rawadjective1exciting; excellentUS , 1987.2nakedUS , 1931.3undiluted

US , 1974.4unembalmedUS , 1987

raw fusionnounheroinUK , 2002

rawhidenounheroinUK , 2002

rawhideverbto drive those under your supervision to work very

hardUS , 1962

raw-jawverbto ignore someone; to bless someone with silenceUS ,

1992

raw meatnouna new recruit in the US ArmyUS , 1948

raw prawnnouna raw dealAUSTRALIA , 1957

raymondyes, affirmative Citizens’ band radio French vraiment

(truly, indeed)UK , 1981

raysnounradiologyUS , 1994.< bag some rays; catch some rays;

cop some raysto sunbatheUS , 1963

razedadjectivedrug-intoxicatedUK , 1998

razoonoun1the smallest amount of money Only ever used in

negative contexts, generally ‘to not have a razoo,’ but also ‘not

worth a razoo,’ ‘not get a razoo’, etc Contextually referring to a

low value brass coin, the origin of this term remains a mystery

despite many guesses over the years Needless to say no such coin

ever existed Also commonly a ‘brass razoo’, and formerly spelt

‘rahzoo’ or ‘razzoo’ though only rarelyAUSTRALIA , 1919.2harassment

US , 1949

razorverbto slash something with a razorUK: SCOTLAND , 1999

razorbacknouna worker on a circus train; any circus worker other

than a performer Circus historian and linguist Joe McKennon

suggested that the term may have derived from the common

work command of ‘Raise ‘er back, let ‘er go’ when placing circus

equipment on train wagonsUS , 1904

razor blade; razornouna black person Rhyming slangUK , 1970

razoredadjectivemuscular and sculptedUS , 1984

razor edgesnoundice that are true to an extremely minutetolerance, approximately 1/1000th of a inchUS , 1950

razoringnounan attack on someone with a razor FromRAZOR(toslash with a razor)UK , 1996

razznouna telling-off; a harangue An Eton school termUK , 1967.

< on the razz; on the razzlea period of drinking, partying andother self-indulgent pleasures Derives from a shortening of ‘razzle-dazzle’ (excitement) ‘Razzle’ (a good time) is first recorded in 1908

UK , 1915.< the razza beatingIRELAND , 1962

razzverbto heckle; to show contempt; to jeer Short forRASPBERRY, aderisive soundUS , 1919

razzberrynouna jeering, derisory, farting noise ExtendsRAZZ(tojeer) back to a variation of its source:RASPBERRY US , 1922

razzlednoundrunk Derives fromON THE RAZZLE, (having a goodtime, partying)UK , 2002

razzle-dazzlenoun1confusion; chaos; bewildermentUS , 1889.

2sexual intercourseUK , 1973.3in circus and carnival usage, aprostituteUS , 1981

razzmatazznoun1old-fashioned, sentimental jazz The term wasoriginally used, before use of the word ‘jazz’, to describe an earlyjazz-like musicUS , 1936.2a showy outward appearanceUK , 1958.

3extreme pleasureUS , 1953

razzyadjectivetattered; unkemptBARBADOS , 1965

RBnounan enthusiastic sportsman whose character is formed bythe aggressive pursuit of masculinity and frequently demonstrated

by his boorish behaviour and drunken socialising An abbreviation

ofRUGGER BUGGER SOUTH AFRICA , 1991

RCadjectiveRoman CatholicUK , 1762

RCHnouna tiny notional unit of measure An abbreviation ofRED CUNT HAIR, perceived as a smaller unit even than a simpleCUNT

reach-aroundnounmanual stimulation of the passive partner’sgenitals by the male penetrating from behindUS , 1987

readverb1in poker, to try to discern an opponent’s handUS , 1979.

2in sports, to anticipate an opponent’s movementUS , 1984.3intranssexual usage, to detect a person’s genetic sexUS , 1987.< read (someone) the riot actto give someone a very stern lecture orreprimand From a law enacted by George I limiting the activities

of groups of 12 or moreUK , 1906.< read a shirtto look for signs

of body liceUS , 1981.< read between the linessaid when threefingers are raised in an insolent gesture The index finger is theone ‘between the lines’; this is, therefore, a catchphrased elabor-ation of a familiar insulting gesture Reported by a variety ofmothers in Cardiff and Bristol during April 2005 and generallycredited to 8-year-old childrenUK , 2005.< read the riot acttoinstruct a prisoner who is about to be released on the legalrestrictions concerning firearms From the sense ‘to give someone

a very stern lecture or reprimand’UK , 1996.< you wouldn’t read about ityou wouldn’t believe such bad luck!AUSTRALIA , 1950

readableadjectiveused of a casino blackjack gambler, sloppy indealing or generous with body language, in either event revealing

to players the strength of his handUS , 1991

read and writenouna fight Rhyming slang, never used in ashortened formUK , 1857

readernoun1a book; a magazine; a newspaper From the early C18usage as a ‘pocket-book’ which moved into the current senseduring the mid-C19UK , 1996.2a ‘Wanted’ poster or handbillUS , 1926.

3a counterfeit driving licenceUS , 1985.4a prescription for anarcoticUS , 1950.5a marked cardUS , 1894

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readersnoun1reading spectaclesUK , 1961.2special tinted eye glasses

used for reading marked cardsUS , 1985

readies; reddiesnouncash money A variation, not a plural, of

READY, in turn an abbreviation of ‘ready money’UK , 1937

read my lipspay attention to what I am saying, for it is the

bedrock truth A pop phrase embraced in a show of bravado by

George Bush when he was running for president of the US in

1988: ‘Read my lips – no new taxes’ and then the gist of endless

ridicule when, two years later, he advocated a new tax Actor Tim

Curry named an album that he recorded in 1978 Read My Lips,

later explaining to William Safire that he took the phrase to mean

‘Listen and listen very hard, because I want you to hear what I’ve

got to say’US , 1988

readyadjectivecompetentUS , 1946

ready; reddynouncash money An abbreviation of ‘ready money’

UK , 1639

ready eyenouna police trap FromREADY-EYED(well informed or

betrayed to the police)UK , 1996

ready-eyeverb(of police) to operate an official surveillanceUK , 2000

ready-eyedadjective1used by criminals of a planned crime that has

been betrayed and is therefore a police trapUK , 1975.2in police

use, well informed, knowing the detailed truth of a situationUK ,

1977

ready for Doctor Jesusadjectiveabout to dieUS , 1966

ready, Freddieused for signalling readinessUS , 1952

ready-madenouna commercially manufactured cigaretteUS , 1952

ready rocks; redi rocksnouna form of cocaine prepared for

smokingUS , 1989

ready-rollsnouncommercially manufactured cigarettesUS , 1951

ready-to-runnounin the usage of youthful model road racers (slot

car racers), a shop-bought car that has not been modified or

enhancedUS , 1997

ready whipnouna non-commissioned officer fresh out of training

From the pressurised sweet topping advertised as instant whipped

creamUS , 1991

realnounthe truthUS , 1972.< on the real1genuine Black usage

UK , 2000.2seriouslyUS , 1993

realadjectivehomosexualUS , 1997

realadverbreally, truly; hence, used as an intensifier, greatly The

Oxford English Dictionary offers both Scottish and US origins, but

the earliest slang sense is from English writer R.H FroudeUK , 1827

real bikininounsomething that is excellent Teen slangUS , 1955

real bushnouna white woman Used by US troops in Vietnam

jaded by their experiences with Vietnamese prostitutesUS , 1991

real casenouna serious medical emergencyUS , 1994

real dealnoun1an authentic item or person; the plain truthUS ,

1991.2a youth gang member who is fully committed to the gang

US , 1995

Real DealnicknameEvander Holyfield (b.1962), three times world

heavyweight champion boxerUS , 1992

real estatenounin war, territory to be taken, held, abandoned or

lostUS , 1982

reality checknounin computing, a simple test of a computer’s or

program’s operating abilityUS , 1991

real liveadjectivegenuine, actual Jocular; often used of an

inanimate articleUK , 1887

really!used for expressing emphatic agreementUS , 1973

Really Canadian Modest Policenounthe Royal Canadian

Mounted Police A back-formation from the initials RCMPCANADA ,

2002

Real McCoynouna variety of marijuanaCANADA , 2002

real McCoy; McCoynounthe genuine articleUS , 1883

real thingnoun< the real thingthe genuine article Figurative

slang from the conventional senseUK , 1939

real worldnounthe non-pornographic entertainment industry; theworld outside the pornography industryUS , 1995

reamverb1to have anal intercourseUS , 1942.2to cheat someone.Figurative from the more literal sense of poking something upone’s rectum Also variant ‘rim’US , 1933.3to scold or punishsomeone From the sense of ‘ream’ as widening a hole ‘Reamout’ is also usedUS , 1950

reamadjectiveexcellent An intensification of the C19 sense as ‘good,genuine, honest’UK , 2002

ream jobnoun1anal sexUS , 1995.2a difficult situationUS , 1968

rearnounthe buttocks EuphemisticUK , 1796.< get your rear in gearto get goingUS , 1972

rear admiralnouna proctologistUS , 1973

rear-area hawknounan officer stationed away from the field ofbattle who has strong, bellicose opinions about what should bedone in battle Vietnam war usageUS , 1989

rear-area pussynouna support personnel safely away from combat.Occasionally abbreviated to RAPUS , 1991

rear-echelon commandonouna soldier assigned to duty safelyaway from combatUS , 1947

rear-echelon motherfuckernouna member of the armed forcesserving behind lines well away from combat Often abbreviated toREMFUS , 1976

rear-end loadernouna prisoner who hides items in their rectum

AUSTRALIA , 2001

rear exitnouna retreat or flight from dangerUS , 1957

rear-gunner; rear seat gunnernouna male homosexual Amasculine image that employs weaponry in a metaphor for analintercourseUK , 2000

rearrangeverb< rearrange the deck chairs on the Titanic; rearrange the deck chairsto focus on petty matters whileignoring major problems From the image of the folly of worryingabout the arrangement of deck chairs on the Titanic as the shipsankUS , 1972

reat pleatnounfashionable trousers Usage by Mexican-Americanyouth (Pachucos) in the southwestern USUS , 1947

rebnounany poor, rural, white southernerUS , 1978

rebbishadjectivepoor, white and racist From the shortenedREBor

JOHNNY REB, harkening to Confederate soldiersUS , 1945

rebellious henchmannounthe penisUK , 2003

rebel trapnounin pool, the largest regulation-size table In the US,the large tables were unknown in the south, giving rise to thisterm in the northUS , 1990

reboundnoun1a person with whom you have a romantic ship in close proximity to the unhappy ending of a prior relation-shipUS , 1997.2in trucking, a return tripUS , 1976.< on the reboundemotionally vulnerable following rejection by a loved-one

relation-UK , 1864

recnoun1a recreation ground (a municipal park)UK , 1931.2in prison,

a recommendation given by the judge on sentencingUK , 1998

recapnouna recapitulationUS , 1926

recapverbto recapitulateUK , 1950

recce; reccynouna reconnaissance Originally military; wider usagetends toward vaguer and more figurative shadings of the senseUK , 1941

recceverbto go on a reconnaissance; to look around OriginallymilitaryUK , 1943

receiptnounin professional wrestling, an arguably unacceptablemanoeuvre that is acceptable in the context of justifiable revenge

US , 2002

reckverbto consider; to think A shortening ofRECKON UK , 1997

reckonverbto esteem someone or something as worthwhileUK , 1964

recognizeverbto pay attentionUS , 2001

reconnoun reconnaisance Often used in an adjectival sense US , 1918

reconverb to reconnoitre Shortened for military purposes US , 1966

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recon by firenounin a military situation, random gunfire designed

to ascertain the presence of the enemy by return fireUS , 1971

recordnoun< change the record!; put another record on!

used to demand a change of style, subject or substance in what is

being saidUK , 1966

recovery roomnouna golf course’s barUS , 2000

rec roomnouna recreational room A mandatory feature of

suburban 1960s life in the US, where the family gathered to watch

television, play table tennis, set up model trains, etcUS , 1962

rectum rocketnouna fast-moving vehicleUK , 1981

recyclenounLSDUK , 1998

recycleverb< recyle the dicein bar dice games, to roll again

after a roll that produces no points for the playerUS , 1971

rednoun1any central nervous system depressant, especially a

capsule of Seconal™ or another barbiturateUS , 1979.2marijuana A

generic term for golden-red marijuana, clippingPANAMA REDetcUS ,

1982.3morphineUS , 1945.4blood Professional wrestling usageUS ,

2002.5in a deck of playing cards, any heart or diamond A flush of

hearts or diamonds is referred to as ‘all red’US , 1988.6in American

casinos, a five-dollar betting chipUS , 1982.7a pennyUS , 1950.8a

liberal; a socialist; a Marxist; a Marxist-Leninist; a Maoist; a

Trotskyite; a communist; an anarchistUK , 1848.< in the redin

debt From the use of red ink to show debt in account ledgersUK ,

1926

redadjective1made of gold, golden In conventional use from C14,

slipped into slang during C17 Also in occasional use as a nounUK ,

1981.2of a mixed (black and white) racial heritageUS , 1969.3

drug-intoxicated From the reddening of the smoker’s eyes JAMAICA , 1998

red and bluenouna capsule of amobarbital sodium and

secobarbital sodium (trade name Tuinal™), a combination of

central nervous system depressantsUS , 1969

red assnounangerUS , 1975

red-assverbto annoy or tease someoneUS , 1994

red-assedadjectivevery angryUS , 1962

redbacknounin western Canada, a Hereford cow or steerCANADA ,

1962

red badge of couragenouna notional badge awarded to someone

who performs oral sex on a woman who is experiencing the bleed

period of the menstrual cycleUS , 1994

red ballnoun1a fast freight trainUS , 1946.2a trail, path or road used

by the Viet Cong or North Vietnamese during the Vietnam warUS ,

1991

red band; red-bandnouna prisoner with privileges; a trustyUK , 1950

red biddynouncheap red wine; also a drink of cheap red wine and

methylated spiritsUK , 1928

red bikenounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycleAUSTRALIA , 2002

red birdnoun1a capsule of secobarbital sodium (trade name

Seconal™), a central nervous system depressantUS , 1953.2the

AH-1G Cobra helicopter Used purely as a gunship in the Vietnam war

from 1971 until the end of the conflictUS , 1991

red blanketnounthe corpse of a person who died with massive

injuriesUS , 1987

red boardnounin horse racing, the official sign announcing that a

race’s results standUS , 1947

red boxnounan ambulanceUS , 1976

red breadnounpayment for donating bloodUS , 1971

red budnounmarijuanaUK , 2003

Red BullnicknameBlack Label™ beer Scamto youth street slang

(South African townships)SOUTH AFRICA , 2005

red bulletnicknamea capsule of secobarbital sodium (trade name

Seconal™), a central nervous system depressantUS , 1977

red buttonnouna foremanUS , 1955

red cannouna can of Melbourne Bitter™ beerAUSTRALIA , 2003

red capnouna member of the military police From the red-topped

cap that forms part of the uniform Generally familiar from

television drama series such as: Red Cap (ABC, 1964–66) and Red

Cap (BBC, 2001–03) UK , 1931

red capsnouncrack cocaineUK , 1998

red centnounthe lowest value denomination, hence the least

amount possible A copper cent, thus ‘red’ US , 1839

Red Centrenounthe central desert regions of the AustralianmainlandAUSTRALIA , 1935

red chamber clubnounthe Senate in the Canadian Parliament.The source of the term is that the senate (the ‘Red Chamber’) hasred carpets, leather chairbottoms and desk blottersCANADA , 1963

red chenkenouna light-skinned person; an unlikeable person

ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA , 1996

red chickennounheroin, especially Chinese heroinUS , 1969

red crossnounmarijuanaUK , 2003

red cunt hairnouna very small unit of measure Sterling Johnson,

in English as a Second F*cking Language, 1995, notes: ‘The term

originated with the master carpenters of Cape Cod and is nowuniversally used’US , 1968

reddersnounharness racers Rhyming slang, from ‘red hots’ to

‘trots’AUSTRALIA , 1989

red devilnoun1a capsule of secobarbital sodium (trade nameSeconal™), a central nervous system depressantUS , 1959.2a type ofamphetamine tabletUK , 1997.3heroinUK , 2003.4a woman’smenstrual periodUS , 1954

red diaper babynouna person who was raised by Communistparents who instilled Communist beliefs and valuesUS , 1970

red dirt marijuana; red dirtnoununcultivated marijuanaUS , 1960

red dollnouna capsule of secobarbital sodium (trade nameSeconal™), a central nervous system depressantUS , 1977

red dollarsnounUS military scrip in VietnamUS , 1965

red dopenounwild cannabis that has been sprayed with a brightred herbicide The colour plusDOPE(marijuana)US , 2001

red dotnoun< the red dotthe bleed period of the menstrualcycleUS , 2001

red dot specialnounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycleUS , 2001

red dragonnouna variety of LSDUK , 1996

reddynounan Italian May derive fromRADDIE(an Italian living inLondon), or take root in Italian red wineUK , 1961 8see:READY

red-eyenoun1a long, aggressive stareUS , 1985.2an overnightaeroplane flight, arriving at its destination early in the morningUS ,

1968.3potent, impure homemade alcohol, especially whiskyUS , 1819.

4fermented catsup A prison concoctionUS , 1976.5on the railways,

a stop signalUS , 1946.6in pinball, an activated special scoringdevice, usually lit in redUS , 1977.7a flashing red light on top of apolice carUS , 1976.8the anusUS , 1966

Redfernnoun< get off at Redfernto practise coitus interruptus.Redfern is the railway station immediately prior to Central Station,the principal station in SydneyAUSTRALIA , 1956

red flagnoun1an obvious indication that all is not wellUS , 1968.

2when injecting a drug into a vein, the practice of drawing blood

up into the syringe to verify the finding of a vein and to controlthe pace of the injectionUS , 1987.3a show of menstrual blood onouter clothing; hence, the bleed period of the menstrual cycleUS ,

2001.< be flying the red flagto be in the bleed period of themenstrual cycleUK , 2000

red flag daynounany day during the bleed period of a woman’smenstrual cycleUK , 2000

red flag weeknounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycle Alsoused in ScotlandCANADA , 2000

red goddessnouna firefighting vehicle that is generally used fortraining but made available (for operation by the military) whenregular firefighters and their fire-engines are out of serviceUK , 2002

red gunyonnounsmashed marijuana seeds or gum hashish smoked

in a pipeUS , 1973

red headnouna matchUS , 1981

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redheaded aunt from Red Banknounthe bleed period of the

red hotadjectiveextremely unfairAUSTRALIA , 1896

red hotsnoun1diarrhoea Rhyming slang forTROTS UK , 1992.

2trotting races Rhyming slang forTROTS AUSTRALIA , 1966

red Ibonouna light-skinned person of mixed black and white

heritageJAMAICA , 1996

red Lebnounhashish with a reddish colour produced in the

LebanonUK , 2002

red-legnouna poor white personBARBADOS , 1892

red-legsnounthe artillery From the red stripes on the trousers of

Union artillerymen during the US Civil WarUS , 1971

red letternouna letter that is smuggled out of prisonUK , 1996

red letter daynounthe day each cycle that the menstrual bleed

commences A neat pun on the colour of blood and the date in a

calendarUS , 2001

red lightnounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycle As in ‘red

light – stop – there will be no sex’US , 1954

red-lightverb(used of a police car) to activate flashing lights and

pull a vehicle off the roadUS , 1976

red-lightadjectivepertaining to prostitutionUS , 1900

red lillynouna capsule of secobarbital sodium (trade name

Seconal™); any central nervous system depressant From the

colour of the capsule and the name of the manufacturerUS , 1977

red linenounin the used car business, the minimum which a

dealer will accept for a carUS , 1975

red lipsnouna type of LSD Possibly from an image printed on the

drugUK , 2003

Red Marynounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycleUS , 1980

Red Mikenouna woman-haterCANADA , 1946

red MitsubishinounPMA (paramethoxyamphetamine) or PMMA

(paramethoxymethylamphetamine) when taken as a recreational

drugUK , 2000

rednecknouna country-dweller, especially one whose views are

con-sidered bigoted by ‘sophisticated’ citizens Generally derogatoryUS ,

1830

redneck radionouncitizens’ band radioUS , 1977

Red Nednouncheap red wineAUSTRALIA , 1941

rednernoun< take a rednerto be embarrassedIRELAND , 1996

red niggernouna native American IndianUS , 1998

red onenoun1in carnival usage, a profitable engagementUS , 1973.

2a very short distance A euphemized abbreviation ofRED CUNT

HAIR US , 1980

red onionnounon the railways, an eating establishmentUS , 1977

red-outnouna flood of the colour red in your vision just before you

pass out from lack of oxygenUS , 1990

red-penny mannouna procurer of prostitutes, a pimpAUSTRALIA , 1975

red phosphorusnounsmokeable metamphetamine From a process

in the synthesis of the drugUK , 2003

red pillnoun< take the red pillto go all-out for the active

option From a choice between reality and euphoria offered in the

film The Matrix (1999) UK , 2005

red pussy hairnouna very short distance Slightly less offensive

thanRED CUNT HAIR US , 1987

red-raggernouna CommunistAUSTRALIA , 1916

red-raggingadjectiveCommunistAUSTRALIA , 1938

red rattlernouna type of passenger train with dark red carriagesthat became noisy when travelling at speedAUSTRALIA , 1981

red rivernounthe bleed period of a woman’s menstrual cycleUS , 1954

red rocknoungranulated heroin originating in China; heroin allyUS , 1969

gener-red rock opiumnouna mixture of heroin, barbital, strychnine andcaffeineUK , 2002

red rumnoun1a variety of heroin An allusion to the qualities ofthe legendary racehorse (steeplechaser Red Rum won the UKGrand National a record three times) Also rhyming slang for

‘dumb’ and ‘murder’ spelt backwardsUK , 2001.2a mixture ofheroin, barbital, strychnine and caffeine Also known asRED ROCK OPIUMfrom which this may be formed by elision; it is interesting

to note with regard to the dangerous nature of this cocktail that

‘red rum’ is ‘murder’ backwardsUK , 2002

red rushnounamyl nitriteUK , 1996

redsnoun1the bleed period of the menstrual cycleUS , 1999.2asense of angerUS , 1951

red sails in the sunsetthe bleed period of the menstrual cycle

red shirtnoun1a troublemakerUS , 1967.2a volunteer firefighterUS ,

1954.3a college athlete who, because he did not play in hisfreshman year, may matriculate and play at the varsity level for afifth yearUS , 1950.4in roller derby, a skater who engages in rough,

‘bad guy’ tacticsUS , 1999.5a professional wrestler who is regularlyscripted to lose matches to advance the careers of other wrestlers

US , 2002

redskinnounin a deck of playing cards, any face cardUS , 1967

red snappernounin blackjack, a dealt hand of two red cards thatadd up to 21US , 1996

Red Sox are in townexperiencing the bleed period of themenstrual cycle The colour of blood signals this euphemisticadoption of the Boston baseball teamUS , 2001

red squadnouna police unit that engages in systematic gation and record-keeping about leftist political and social actionorganisations unrelated to criminal conductUS , 1970

investi-red steernouna bushfireAUSTRALIA , 1936

red stuffnoungoldUK , 1956

reds under the bednounthe communist presence lurking inWestern societyUK , 1972

red tapenounexcessive formality; bureaucratic obstacles Originally

a literal term, referring to the red-coloured tape used in securinglegal documents; later used figurativelyUK , 1837

red tidenoun1hordes of communists seen as ready to overwhelmwestern civilisationUS , 1991.2the bleed period of the menstrualcycleUS , 1999

red-topnouna tabloid newspaper at the more populist end of thereadership From the red masthead characteristic of such papers

UK , 1997

reducernounin gin, any card drawn or held for the sole purpose ofreducing the number of points in unmatched cards in a handUS , 1965

red up; rid upverbto clear and clean a table after eatingCANADA , 1998

red wedgenounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycle Combines

‘red’, for the colour of blood, with a pun on conventional ‘wedge’(something that fills a gap) and ‘wedgie’ (a trick with underpants)suggesting underwear; the whole being a play on Red Wedge (a1980s alliance of musicians and actors with the UK Labour party)

UK , 2001

red weeknounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycleUS , 2001

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red, white and bluenouna shoe Rhyming slangUK , 1972

red wingsnounsexual intercourse or oral sex with a woman who is

experiencing the bleed period of the menstrual cycle From

motorcycle gang cultureUS , 1971

reebnounbeer Back slang, noted as current in the UK due to its use

in the US, possibly reinvigorated by The Simpsons television

cartoonUK , 1859

reebsnounmarijuanaUS , 1988

reedsnounlong shorts, favoured by surfersUS , 1985

reefnouna marijuana cigaretteUS , 1958

reefverb1to fondle another person’s genitals Probably from the

earlier sense ‘to pick a pocket’UK , 1962.2to remove something

from someone’s pocketUS , 1949

reefdoggernouna marijuana cigaretteUS , 1982

reefernoun1a marijuana cigarette Almost certainly from the

Spanish word meaning ‘to twist’ Still used, with a nostalgic air to

itUS , 1931.2marijuanaUS , 1931.3a refrigerator; a refrigerated railway

wagonUS , 1914.4a pickpocketUS , 1949

reefer madnessnouna unusually great appetite or determined

devotion to the use of marijuana An ironic adoption of the title

of a 1936 film that famously exposed the immoral excesses of

marijuana addictsAUSTRALIA , 1996

reefer roomnounin a morgue, a refrigerated room where bodies

are storedUS , 1997

reegienouna police officer in the Regional Crime SquadUK , 2002

reekernouna bad-smelling hospital casualty department patientUS ,

1978

reek-hoadjectivedrunkUK , 2002

reeksticknouna conventional tobacco cigarette laced with cocaine

UK , 2003

reelverb< reel someone into triumph over gullibility, especially

regarding a piece of trivial teasing Often accompanied by the

action of reeling in a fish; sometimes the action may replace the

wordsUK , 1999

reeling and rockingnouna stocking Rhyming slang, inspired by

the fashions of the rock ’n’ roll era; usually seen in pairsUK , 1992

reelsadjectivewithout money Rhyming slang, from ‘reels of cotton’

to ‘rotten’ (without money)AUSTRALIA , 1989

reels of cottonadjectiverotten Rhyming slangUK , 1979

reet; reatadjectivegood, pleasingUS , 1934

reeveverbto cheatCANADA , 1999

refnoun in a sporting contest, a referee UK , 1899?

refverb in a sporting context, to referee UK , 1929?

reffonouna migrant to Australia who is a refugee from their home

countryAUSTRALIA , 1941

refuseniknouna non-conformist Adopted without a full

understanding from the name given in 1970s to Jews in the Soviet

Union who were refused permission to emigrate to IsraelUK , 2002

regnoun1a regular customer or guestUK , 2001.2marijuana of

average quality An abbreviation of ‘regular’ The variant ‘regs’ also

existsUS , 1973

regalenouna festive occasion The term is adopted from French,

where it has a similar meaningCANADA , 1947

reggaematicadjectivein or of a reggae styleUK , 1992

regginnouna black person The offensiveNIGGERspelt backwardsUS ,

1981

Reg Grundies; grundies; grunds; reginalds; reggiesnoun

underwear Rhyming slang, playing onUNDIES, formed from the

name Reg Grundy, an Australian televison producerAUSTRALIA , 1984

Regimentnoun< the Regimentthe SAS (22 Special Air Service

regiment)UK , 1995

regmaker; reggienouna drink, pick-me-up or medication taken to

relieve (or ‘cure’) a hangover A compound of Afrikaans reg (right)

and English ‘-maker’SOUTH AFRICA , 1954

rego; reggonounvehicle registrationAUSTRALIA , 1967

regreenverbwhile working in the office of the US Department ofDefense, to receive an update briefing on affairs in the armyUS , 1986

regroupverbto recover from a surprise or a setbackUS , 1966

regsnoun regulations Military in origin UK , 1996

regularnoun1a prisoner who serves his sentence with dignity andstrengthUS , 1974.2a skateboarder who skates with the left foot tothe frontUK , 2004

regularadjective1complete; absolute; thoroughUK , 1821.2kind;decent; honestUS , 1946

regular Pnouncrack cocaineUK , 1998

regularsnouncommon black antsBARBADOS , 1965

rehabnoun rehabilitation (a medical regime for the cure of alcohol

and drug addiction); also, the clinic or hospital environment where

rehabilitation takes place Both senses may serve concurrently UK , 1961

rehashverbin the circus or carnival, to resell ticket stubs to patronsand pocket the fundsUS , 1980

rehitchverbto re-enlist; to re-marryUS , 1953

reindeer dustnounany powdered drug; cocaine; heroin A play on

relay spotnouna room with a telephone used to relay calls placingbets in a bookmaking operationUS , 1973

releasenounin the coded language of massage parlours,ejaculation A 2002 Incident Report from the Sausalito (California)Police Department describes the activities at a local massageparlour as follows: ‘Every massage ends with some type of

"release" (orgasm) The release is accomplished by the employeemasturbating the client to an orgasm’US , 2002

releaseverb< release a chocolate hostageto defecateUK , 2002.

< release the houndsto defecateUS , 2003

relieversnounshoesUS , 1962

re-lightnouna cigarette butt retrieved and smokedUS , 1996

religious issuenounin computing, a topic that is bound to launch

an endless debate which cannot be resolvedUS , 1991

rellienoun a relation, a relative AUSTRALIA , 1981

rello; relonoun a relative AUSTRALIA , 1987

reloadverbto give the victim of a confidence trick or fraudulentgambling game a false sense of confidence, then cheat the by-nowwilling victim of all he or she possessesUK , 1977

relsnoun relatives AUSTRALIA , 1991

Rembrandtnounin poker, a hand of face cardsUS , 1988

remfnouna soldier assigned to a combat support role Acronym of a

‘rear-echelon motherfucker’ US , 1982

Remington warriornouna rear support troop Named after theRemington typewriter, the ‘warrior’s weapon’US , 1990

remishnounremission (of a prison sentence)UK , 1958

remodelverbin car repair, to damage a vehicle or part severelyUS , 1992

remouldnouna sex-change operationUK , 2002

Ren and Stimpynounthe female breasts Ren and Stimpy areshamelessly gross cartoon characters created by John Kricfalusi,first seen in 1991UK , 2001

Ren Cennicknamethe Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan Anexpensive, bold and risky attempt to revive the dying Detroitcentral district in the 1970sUS , 2003

renderedadjectivedrunkUK , 2002

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renkadjectiveimpudent; offhand; rude; yobbish Variation of ‘rank’

(offensive)JAMAICA , 1994

Renonounin bar dice games, two dice that add up to sevenUS , 1976

renobnouna person who acts foolishlyUS , 2001

rentnoun1a youthful, attractive homosexual male prostituteUK , 1967.

2road tax Motor trade slangUK , 2004.< up me for the rent!

used to register pleasurable astonishmentAUSTRALIA , 1971

renta-prefix hired, rented In commercial usage often used to create

a company name, for instance: ‘Rentacar’ (examples found in

Australia, Ireland, Spain, UK, US) and ‘Rentavan’ (examples found

in Australia, Ireland, Mexico, UK) Both ‘rentacar’ and ‘rentavan’ are

also used informally of a hired vehicle Other use is often

derogatory: ‘rentacrowd’ (a hired clique), ‘rentamob’ (a crowd

assembled at political demonstration) and ‘rentamouth’ (a speaker

for hire)US , 1921

rent-a-copnouna private security guard A tad disparagingUS , 1968

rent-a-gobnouna citizens’ band radio user who chats on a channel

reserved for making contact; a person who talks too much and to

little effectUK , 1981

rental unitsnounparents FromPARENTAL UNITS, a neat pun

describing parental worth from a youth perspectiveUS , 1996

Rent-a-SvendnicknameCanadian politician Svend Robinson, the first

openly gay, New Democratic member of Parliament The

controversial Svend Robinson has drawn criticism for his espousal

of unpopular causes, such as the Palestinian side in the

Arab–Israeli war and gay rightsCANADA , 2002

rent-a-tilenoundancing very closely, barely moving your feet

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1993

rent boynouna young male prostituteUK , 1969

renternouna homosexual male prostituteUK , 1893

rent partynouna party thrown for the purpose of collecting

donations from friends to pay your rentUS , 1925

rentsnoun parents Teen slang that cuts parents down to size US , 1968

renzosnounLorenzo™ decorative wheel rimsUS , 1993

reonoun1a reinforcementAUSTRALIA , 1931.2a difficult surfing

manoeuvre on the breaking lip of a wave An abbreviation of

‘re-entry’US , 1988

repnoun1reputation US , 1705.2a repetition, or complete cycle of an

exerciseUS , 1984.3a repertory theatre or theatre company; a

repertoireUS , 1925.4in prison, a written representation UK , 2002.5a

representative, often a travelling salesman UK , 1896.6a repellent UK ,

1995

repverb1to represent someone; to give someone a reputation UK ,

2002.2to work as a representative of a company UK , 1938

Repatnoun1the Repatriation Commission which gave assistance to

ex-service personnel returning to civilian lifeAUSTRALIA , 1920.2a

hospital for repatriated service personnel AUSTRALIA , 1968

repeaternounin horse racing, a horse that won the last race it

enteredUS , 1974

reponoun repossession US , 1971

repo depotnounthe Replacement Detachment of any large military

force or installationUS , 1968

repo mannounan agent of a finance company who repossesses, by

an assortment of techniques, cars which have not been paid for

From ‘repossess’ US , 1984

repple-depplenouna replacement depot where soldiers arriving in

Vietnam were assigned to units and soldiers leaving Vietnam were

processed for homecomingUS , 1945

reppoc; reppocknouna police officer Back slang forCOPPER UK , 1996

representverb1to serve as a pimp for a prostituteUS , 1991.2to

project a positive image and attitudeUS , 1997

reptilenouna railway pointsmanUS , 1977

Republic of Malinouncocaine Rhyming slang forCHARLIE(cocaine)

UK , 2003

re-rubnouna re-mixed dance music recordingUK , 2002

resnoun1a resident physician in a hospitalUS , 1994.2a dormitory orresidence at a university or collegeCANADA , 2001.3the oily residue

in a pipe after crack cocaine has been smokedUS , 1992

resembleverbto resent Usually in the jocular ‘I resemble thatremark’UK , 1984

resinnouncannabis resinUK , 1996

respec; respect; respeck; rispeckused for registering approval ofsomeone’s action or attitude An abbreviation in all variantspellings of ‘respect due’; occasionally ironic Originally WestIndian and UK blackUK , 1994

respect dueused for registering approval of someone’s action orattitude Originally West Indian and UK blackUK , 1998

ressienouna resident DJUK , 2001

restnoun< give it a restto stop talking, especially to stop talkingabout a specific topic Often as an imperativeUK , 1984

restverb< rest your mouthto stop talkingBAHAMAS , 1982.< rest your neckto stop talkingUS , 1989

rest curenounin the car sales business, sending a car into the shopwhile the customer waits and then returning it, claiming that workwhich has not been done has been doneUS , 1953

restingadjectiveof an actor, unemployed Originally positivethinking, now archUK , 1999

rest in peacenouncrack cocaine Imagery of death.UK , 2003

restroomnouna brakevan (caboose)US , 1977

resultnoun1the winning score in a sporting contest; a victory inany sport Conventionally ‘result’ means ‘outcome’, hence a ‘goodresult’; this usage clips and implies the positive adjective,exclusively acquiring the result for victors and so denying losersany achievementUK , 1981.2a satisfying or appropriate outcome; anachievementUK , 1973.3a successful or profitable robberyUK , 1998.

4an arrest or a criminal convictionUK , 2004

retnouna cigaretteUS , 1971

retail actionnounrecreational shoppingUS , 1997

retail therapynounshopping when considered as an empoweringleisure activityUS , 1986

retardnouna slow, dim-witted person From ‘mentally retarded’, butnot necessarily indicative of actual mental retardationUS , 1970

retardedadjective1stupid, foolishUS , 2003.2drunkUS , 2003.3inQuebec, delayed, lateCANADA , 2001

retardonouna mentally challenged personUS , 1981

retreadnoun1in the military: a short-service officer on a secondcommission; a retired officer recalled to service; a retired officerre-employed as a civilian in an administrative post; an officer whohas been promoted from the ranks; an aviator returned to flyingduties after a period of ground service The origin is in the newlife given to a tyre by the application of a new tread; there is also apun on ‘retired/re-tyred’ The earliest use is for a World War 1veteran recalled to serve in World War 2AUSTRALIA , 1943.2a recentlydivorced personUS , 1985

retreadverbin the language surrounding the Grateful Dead, to tapeover a tape that has been recorded onceUS , 1994

retrievernouna prisoner who intimidates other prison inmates forthe purpose of ‘retrieving’ drugs that those inmates are suspected

rettenouna cigaretteUS , 1997

reunion in my bureaunounin Quebec, a meeting in my office.Both ‘reunion’ and ‘bureau’ are used in their French sense inEnglish in MontrealCANADA , 2001

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re-upverbto replenish a stack of something; to re-supply something;

to sign or enlist Originally a military slang term for

re-enlistingUS , 1906

revverbto leave, to goUS , 1952

RevCannounRevenue Canada, the federal tax collection agency

CANADA , 2002

revenge of the cradle; revenge of the nurserynounQuebec’s

high birthrate, perceived as being in retaliation for the loss of the

province to England by FranceCANADA , 1964

revenoo; revenuer; revenooernouna federal law enforcement

official Used by those in the illegal production of alcoholUS , 1974

Reverend Ronald Knox; the Reverend; the Right Reverend

nounsyphilis; hence any sexually transmitted infection Rhyming

slang forPOX, formed from the Catholic priest and detective

storywriter, 1888–1957UK , 1980

reverseadjective< reverse gearsto vomitUS , 1989

reverse cowgirlnouna sexual position in which the woman

straddles the prone man, facing his feetUS , 1991

reverse onouna position for mutual, simultaneous oral sex

between two people, or the act itself, especially when advertised as

a service offered by a prostituteUK , 2003

rev-headnouna motor vehicle enthusiastAUSTRALIA , 1987

revolt of the admiralsnouna highly public clash between the US

Navy and the US Air Force in 1949 over basing of the country’s

strategic airpowerUS , 1949

rev up and fuck offgo away and don’t annoy me; don’t annoy

meIRELAND , 1991

rewindnounin trucking, a return tripUS , 1977

rexnouna (small) quantity of moneyIRELAND , 1989

Rexall rangernounsomeone who wears cowboy clothes but has

never worked on a ranch Rexall is a chain drugstore, giving a

touch of specificity to the more commonDRUGSTORE COWBOY US ,

1970

reznouna Native American Indian reservationUS , 1998

RFverbto play a prank An abbreviation ofRATFUCK US , 1965

RFBnoun room, food and beverage – the basic components of a

complimentary pass at a casino or hotelUS , 1996

RGnounin homosexual usage, a biological female A fellow

homo-sexual is aGIRL, while a woman is a ‘real girl’, or RGUS , 1971

rhinenounheroin Probably by abbrevation of a particular

pronunciationUK , 1998

rhinonoun1moneyUK , 1688.2a large and powerful waveUS , 1991

rhino chasernouna large surfboard made for big-wave conditions

US , 1987

RHIPrank has its privileges US , 1968

Rhodeynouna white Zimbabwean Derogatory A reference to

Rhodesia, the country which became Zimbabwe in 1980SOUTH

AFRICA , 2000

rhody; rhodienouna rhododendronUK , 1851

rhubarbnoun1nonsense From its use by actors as an

‘unintelligible murmur’UK , 1963.2said repeatedly by muttering

actors to give the impression of background conversations; hence,

spoken nonsense Theatre slangUK , 1934.3a fight; an uproar; a riot

US , 1943.4an advance of wages, a loan; as ‘rhubarbs’: a

membership subscription Rhyming slang, pronounced ‘roobub’,

forSUB(a subscription)UK , 1929

rhubarb and custardnouna variety of MDMA, the recreational

drug best known as ecstasy From the red and yellow colour of the

pill; the syllable ‘barb’ is possibly an indication that the tablet

contains barbiturateUK , 1996

rhubarb pill; rhubarbnouna bill (for payment) Rhyming slang,

based on a homeopathic remedy for constipation; noted by Julian

Franklyn, A Dictionary of Rhyming Slang,1960, who suspected (or

perpetrated) the pun ‘that both necessitate an outpouring’UK , 1998

rhubarbsnoun1suburbs Rhyming slang, pronounced ‘roobubs’,formed on an elision of ‘suburbs’UK , 1960.2a variety of LSDUK , 1996

rhyme offverb to recite; to talk From Scottish dialect rame (to talk

nonsense; to reiterate)UK: SCOTLAND , 2000

rhythmnounan amphetamine tabletUS , 1993

rhythm and blues; rhythmsnounshoes Rhyming slangUK , 1998

rhythm methodnouna method of cheating while playing a slotmachine by controlling the spins of the inner-wheels Playing onthe name of the least successful method of birth controlUS , 1977

riahnounthe hair Polari back slangUK , 1967

riah zhoosher; riah shushernouna hairdresser A combination of

ZHOOSH(to tidy) withRIAH(the hair)UK , 2002

riah-zshumpahnouna hairdresserUK , 1992

ribnoun1a wife or girlfriend From the Biblical creation tale, withEve springing from Adam’s ribUK , 1589.2Rohypnol™

(flunitrazepam), popularly known as the ‘date-rape drug’US , 1995.

3MDMA, the recreational drug best known as ecstasyUK , 2003

ribverb1to make fun of someoneUS , 1930.2to insult someone in asemi-formal quasi-friendly competition A variation of ‘rib’ (totease)US , 2000

ribbon and curlnouna girl Rhyming slangUK , 1992

ribbon clerknouna poker player who withdraws from a hand at anysign of serious bettingUS , 1988

ribena on toastadjectiveawful; tasteless; in bad taste Possibly aliteral translation of a bad taste; coinage is credited to balletmaster David KerrUK , 1992

ribtappernouna heavy-duty bootUK: SCOTLAND , 1988

Ricannouna Puerto RicanUS , 1975

ricenouneffort Royal Marine slangUK , 1989

rice-and-peas boongynounlarge buttocks, especially those of awomanBAHAMAS , 1998

rice-and-ringverbto get marriedUS , 1947

rice-a-roninounin necrophile usage, a badly decomposed corpse Acomparison to the branded soft-boiled rice productUS , 1987

rice banditnouna Japanese person OffensiveAUSTRALIA , 1995

rice bellynounthe protruding stomach of a childGUYANA , 1996

rice-burnernouna Japanese car or motorcyleUK , 1979

rice eyenouna Japanese person Hawaiian youth usage, especially

in the taunt ‘No lie, rice eye’US , 1982

rice machinenouna car manufactured in Japan or by a JapanesemanufacturerUS , 1993

ricemannouna Chinese person OffensiveUS , 1945

rice paddy Hattienounany rural Chinese prostituteUS , 1949

rice queennouna gay man attracted to men of South Asian origin

US , 1972

ricernouna person from South Asia OffensiveUS , 1980

rice rocketnouna motorcyle made by a Japanese manufacturer.OffensiveUS , 1993

Richardnoun1any police official, especially a detective AnembellishedDICK US , 1950.2the penis An extension ofDICK(thepenis), which is the short form of the first name RichardUK , 2001.

< had the Richardto be ruined or irreparably broken; to be

finished In the Australian National Dictionary it is claimed that

this is from British rhyming slang ‘Richard the Third’ (the bird),from theatrical slang ‘to get the bird’ (to get a bad reception onstage), but there is little semantic overlap to warrant this expla-nation Rather if something has ‘had the dick’ then it is ‘fucked’,and therein lies the metaphor Richard here is merely euphemisticforDICK(the penis) Supporting this explanation are the othervariantsHAD THE STICK,HAD THE RODand of courseHAD THE DICK

AUSTRALIA , 1967

Richard and Judyadjectivemoody Rhyming slang, formed fromhusband and wife television presenters Richard Madeley and JudyFinneganUK , 2004

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Richard Burtonnouna curtain Theatrical rhyming slang, formed

from the name of the Welsh actor, 1925–84UK , 1992

Richard the Third; Richardnoun1a young woman; a sweetheart

Rhyming slang forBIRD UK , 1950.2a bird Rhyming slang; originally

recorded in Songs and Slang of the British Soldier, John Brophy

and Eric Partridge, 1930 In theatrical use asTHE BIRD(a farting

noise masquerading as criticism)UK , 1979.3a piece of excrement

Rhyming slang forTURD UK , 1961

Richard Toddnouna portion of fried cod Rhyming slang formed

on the name of the British actor (b.1919)UK , 1992

Richibucto goosenouna salted shad Named after a town in Nova

ScotiaCANADA , 1939

rich man’s drugnouncocaine Because of its high cost Although

the phrase sounds a bit literary, it was used by those without any

particular literary backgroundUS , 1972

ricknoun1a mistake Probably a shortening ofRICKET(a mistake)UK ,

1991.2an accomplice who pretends to be a client in order to

encourage trade, originally used of a cheapjack or showman, later

of a less than scrupulous bookmakerUK , 1898

rickadjectivefake; spurious From the nounUK , 1967

rick; ricverbto make a mistake FromRICK(a mistake)UK , 1996

ricketnouna mistakeUK , 1958.< drop a ricketto make a mistake

UK , 1998

rickety-rawadjectiveattractive, fashionableUS , 1987

Rick Steinnouna fine Rhyming slang, formed from the name of

the UK television chef (b.1947)UK , 2004

Rick Witternouna shitter (in all senses) Rhyming slang, formed

from the lead singer of Shed SevenUK , 2003

Ricky Martin; Rickynouna side-parting Popney rhyming slang,

from popular singer Ricky Martin (b.1971) Popney was contrived

for www.music365.co.uk, an Internet music site UK , 2001

Ricky Racernouna fanatic mountain bike enthusiast who rarely if

ever ridesUS , 1997

ricky-ticky; ricky-tickadjectiveused of a jazz rhythm, old-fashioned,

even, boringUS , 1952

ridverb< rid a fitto get rid of an outfit of clothesUS , 1994

riddleverbin Newfoundland, to weave up-and-down rods between

rails to make a fenceCANADA , 1966

riddle-me-reenounurine; an act of urination Rhyming slang for

PEEorWEE; always used in full to avoid confusion with other slang,

such asJIMMY RIDDLEorPIDDLE UK , 1992

riddle me this, Batmananswer this question From the Batman

television series (1966–68) and one of its arch-villains, The Riddler

US , 1993

riddynoun(as a result of embarrassment) a red face Glasgow slang

UK: SCOTLAND , 1985

ridenoun1a carUS , 1930.2a person who you are counting on to

drive you somewhereUS , 2001.3a sexually desirable person From

RIDE(to have sex)UK , 2002.4an act of sexual intercourseUK , 1937.5a

companion, especially a companion who is a fellow gang member

US , 1981.6a criminal enterpriseUS , 1995.7a style of jazz music with

an easy-going rhythmUS , 1930.< get a ridein circus and carnival

usage, to receive unfavourable publicityUS , 1981

rideverb1to have sex Usually from the female perspectiveUS , 1994.

2(used of a lesbian) to straddle your prone partner, rubbing your

genitals togetherUS , 1967.3to engage in sycophantic flatteryUS , 1988.

4to irritate or worry someoneUS , 1918.5to play jazz with an

easy-moving rhythmUS , 1929.< let it ride1in gambling, to continue

a bet from one play to another, increasing the bet with winnings

US , 1980.2to tolerate something; to take no action about

somethingUK , 1921.< ride a beefto accept a charge for a crime

that you did not commitUS , 1967.< ride a string; ride in a

g-stringto drive a BMW car Scamto youth street slang (South

African townships)SOUTH AFRICA , 2005.< ride a ponyto cheat on a

test in college or schoolUS , 1959.< ride bitchto sit in the middle

of the front seat in a pickup truck, between the driver and another

passengerUS , 1992.< ride dirtyto drive under the influence of

alcoholUS , 2001.< ride ghostto drive at night without headlights

US , 1995.< ride itto endure or cope with imprisonmentUK , 1996.

< ride it a treatin horse racing, to ride a skilled and intelligentraceAUSTRALIA , 1989.< ride old smokeyto be executed byelectrocutionUS , 1950.< ride rubberto ride in a carUS , 1981.

< ride Santa’s sleighto use cocaine A phrase that combines

SNOWas ‘cocaine’ with ‘flying’ as ‘intoxication’UK , 2001.< ride shotgun1to act as a security or military escort From the timewhen stage coaches carrying valuables were protected by a mancarrying a shotgun who sat on top of the coach alongside thedriverUK , 1979.2to be prepared for any eventuality in businessUS ,

1974.3to travel in the passenger seatUS , 1921.4to oversee andcontrol someone with a firm handUS , 1972.< ride the broomtothreaten someone; to predict harmUS , 1990.< ride the bubbles

in hot rodding and drag racing, to rise slightly off the ground as aresult of aerodynamicsUS , 1965.< ride the busto defecateUS ,

1990.< ride the cardto ride a winner on every race at a racemeetingAUSTRALIA , 1984.< ride the circuitto move someonewho has been arrested from stationhouse to stationhouse, makinghis timely release difficultUS , 1949.< ride the cotton pony; ride the cotton horseto experience the bleed period of themenstrual cycle This ‘cotton pony’ is a ‘sanitary towel’US , 1954.

< ride the grub lineto travel and survive by scrounging foodwherever it can be foundCANADA , 1987.< ride the Hershey Highwayto engage in anal sexUS , 1989.< ride the lightningto

be put to death by electrocutionUS , 1935.< ride the pineto sit

on the sidelines of an athletic contest as a substitute playerUS ,

1938.< ride the pipeto pilot a jet after engine failure Koreanwar usageUS , 1991.< ride the red tideto experience the bleedperiod of the menstrual cycleUS , 1999.< ride the short busto

be mentally deficient From the literally short bus that special cation students use in the USUS , 1995.< ride the showingtotour an area evaluating billboards for potential advertising useUS ,

edu-1980.< ride the sick bookto feign illness; to malingerUS , 1968.

< ride the silver steedto participate in bismuth subcarbonateand neoarsphenamine therapy for syphilisUS , 1981.< ride the splintersto sit on the sidelines of an athletic contest as asubstitute player The ‘splinters’ are an allusion to the benchwhich the substitute ‘warms’ or ‘rides’US , 1949.< ride the turtlesto drive on the raised reflective road markers that delin-eate motorway lanesUS , 1997.< ride the white horseto experi-ence euphoria after using heroinUS , 1955.< ride the wiretotravel by tramUS , 1970

ride alongverbin poker, to remain in a game without bettingbecause you have bet your entire bankroll on the handUS , 1967

ride and a rashernounsexual intercourse followed by breakfast

IRELAND , 1999

ride man; ride jock; ride monkeynounthe operator of a carnivalamusement rideUS , 1985

ride outnouna group motor-scooter excursionUK , 2001

ride outverbto depart Used by London teenagers in the late 1950s

UK , 1958

ridernoun1a visible, aggressive member of a gangUS , 2001.2apolice officerUS , 2003.35 kg of heroin supplied free with a 100 kgshipment of cocaineUK , 2002.4a cheater From the phraseRIDE A PONY(to cheat on a test)US , 1959.5in trucking, a flat tyre on a set

of dual tyresUS , 1971

ridgeadjectiveall right; okay Probably a figurative use of nowobsolete ‘ridge’ (gold) Now superseded byRIDGY DIDGE AUSTRALIA , 1938

ridge cottagenouna bunker in the Korean demilitarised zone.Korean war usageUS , 1982

ridge-runnernounany white male from the Appalachian Mountainregion in the southern USUS , 1980

ridgy didge; ridgy-didgeadjectiveall right; okayAUSTRALIA , 1953

ridiculousadjectiveexcellentUS , 1959

riding Saint George; the dragon on Saint Georgenounsexual sex with the woman straddling the man, her head upright

hetero-US , 1980

riding the waves; riding a waveadjectiveexperiencing drug cationUS , 1930

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R-ienouna Returned Servicemen’s League club From the initials

RSL AUSTRALIA , 1992

rifverbto separate someone from military service or employment

From the initialism for ‘reduction in force’ US , 1983

riffnoun1a rhythmic musical phrase played repeatedly, used in jazz

and rock Probably an abbreviation of ‘refrain’US , 1935.2an

oft-repeated argument or point of view A figurative usage of the

pre-vious senseUK , 2000.3the theme or gist of a conversationUK , 2000.

4a verbal embellishment that adds no meaning to what is being

saidUS , 1967.5an activity or experienceUS , 1975.6a refrigerated

railway wagonUS , 1946

riffverb1to repeatedly play a rhythmic musical figure, usually on a

piano or guitarUS , 1955.2to brag; to lieUS , 1990.3to complainUS ,

1989

riffagenounrhythmic style(s) of rock musicUK , 2002

rifflenounin a restaurant or soda fountain, to refill (an order)US , 1967

riffologynounin rock music, simple musical learning or skillUK , 1999

riff onverbto tease someone; to disparage someone or something

US , 1995

riff-raffnoun1the lowest classUK , 1470.2a Welsh person Rhyming

slang forTAFF UK: ENGLAND , 1992.3a café Rhyming slang forCAFF UK ,

1998

riffsnounmusic Teen slangCANADA , 1946

rifle rangenoun1the ward in a hospital reserved for patients

withdrawing from heroin addiction A pun onSHOOTING GALLERY US ,

1973.2change (money) Rhyming slang Shortened form ‘rifle’UK ,

1980

rifle spotnounin the television and film industries, a spotlight that

produces a long, thin beam of lightUS , 1990

riftnouna refrigerated freight railway wagonUS , 1977

rignoun1a car, truck or busUS , 1938.2the collective equipment used

by a musical group in concertUK , 1983.3a hypodermic needle and

syringeUS , 1969.4a still used in the illegal production of alcoholUS ,

1974.5a holsterUS , 2001.6the penisUS , 1971.7surgically augmented

breastsUS , 1997.8a bad situationUS , 1997

riggernoun1in the Royal Air Force, an airframe tradesman An

official Royal Air Force job title that was dropped as the job

description changed in the 1930s yet has continued in colloquial

use; still in Royal Air Force use, 2002UK , 1943.2a half-gallon jar of

beerNEW ZEALAND , 1998

rigger mortisnounan ineffectual member of the Royal Canadian

Air Force A ‘rigger mortis’ is a useless airman, based onRIGGER(an

airframe tradesman)CANADA , 1995

rig gignouna job driving a truckUS , 1976

rightnounin craps, a bet for the shooterUS , 1974

rightadjective1intensifies the good or bad character or condition of

someone or something; complete, utterUK , 1956.2understanding

and accepting the mores of the underworldUS , 1950.< not right

in the headunsound of mindUK , 1934

rightadverbveryCANADA , 1988

right1used as a greeting or farewellTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1966.2I do

not believe you Heavily sarcastic, emphasising the negative

interpretation Variants include ‘yeah right’ and ‘aye right’UK , 1998

right as rainadjectivein good health; satisfactoryUK , 1909

right enoughadverbcertainly, indeedUK , 1885

righteousadjective1very good, excellent, fine; honest; satisfactory

Conventional English with a religious overtone propelled into hip

slang by context and emphasis in pronunciationUS , 1942.2used of

a drug, relatively pure and undilutedUS , 1967

righteous bushnounany potent variety of marijuana A

combi-nation ofRIGHTEOUS(good) andBUSH(marijuana)US , 1946

righteous namenouna person’s true nameUS , 1975

righteous nodnouna refreshing sleepUS , 1947

right guynouna dependable, trustworthy and reliable criminalUS ,

righto; right-ohokay!; all right!AUSTRALIA , 1911

right on!yes; excellent; correct; also used to signal enthusiasticagreement Originally black usage, perhaps from ‘right on thebutton’, ‘right on time’ orRIGHTO Subsequently adopted by thehippie generationUS , 1930

right onenouna person whose behaviour does not conform toexpectationsUK , 1981

rightsnoun< do the rightsto seek or gain revengeUK , 2002

right-said-Frednounthe head Rhyming slang, formed on thename of a pop group who enjoyed success in the early 1990s; thegroup took its name from the title of a humorous song by BernardCribbins which was a top ten hit in 1962UK , 2000

rightynounsomeone who looks very much like someone else; adouble or near doubleUS , 1962

right you are!certainly!; agreed!UK , 1864

rigidadjectivedrunkUS , 1972

rigidadverbgreatly; used to intensify, especially ‘bore’, ‘scare’ and

‘shake’ Modelled on synonymousSTIFF, always used after the verb

RIHrest in hell A bitter version of RIP (rest in peace) US , 1999

rileverbto annoy or anger someoneUK , 1836

rimnoun< above the rimof the highest qualityUS , 2002

rimverb1to lick, suck and tongue another’s anusUS , 1941.2toswindle someoneUS , 1949

rim-jagverbto make an indentation on a playing card with yourfingernail or thumbnail to identify the card later in anotherplayer’s handUS , 1988

rim jobnounthe licking of a partner’s anus for the purposes of ual pleasureUS , 1969

sex-rimmernouna person who provides mouth in mouth-to-anus sex

rimsnounsunglassesUS , 1997

rinctumnounan especially violent fit of temperCANADA , 1953

Rinehart!; Oh Rinehart!used as a shout to announce the onset

of a student disturbance, started in fun but not always ending assuch Specific to Harvard University, honouring John Rinehart,Harvard Law School class of 1903US , 1933

ringnoun1a telephone callUK , 1900.2the anus From the shapeUK ,

1949.3a circular area where the game of two-up takes place

AUSTRALIA , 1896.4collectively, the bookmakers at a racecourse

AUSTRALIA , 1877.< get a ring in your nosein horse racing, to loseall your money bettingUS , 1951.< put the ring around itto con-firm something as definiteNEW ZEALAND , 1978

ringverb1to provide one thing disguised as anotherUK , 1812.2toopen and pilfer a cash registerUS , 1965.3to shoutBARBADOS , 1965.

< ring it onto outwit someoneUK , 1977.< ring the bell1tomake a successful attempt at something Probably from afairground challengeUK , 1966.2to achieve success beyond expec-tationsUS , 1950.< ring the berriesin ice hockey, to hit the

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goalie with a hard shot between the legsCANADA , 1985.< ring your

chimesto strike someone on the head with great forceUS , 1981

ring-a-dingnounan excellent example of somethingUS , 1965

ring-a-ling on the ting-a-lingnouna telephone callUS , 1968

ring angelnouna ‘blip’ on a radar screen, often a flock of birdsUS ,

1947

ringasnounconversation; a conversation Scamto youth street slang

(South African townships)SOUTH AFRICA , 2005

ringburnernounan act of defecation that is attended by burning,

stinging or other painful sensations in the anus; often applied to

the spicy food that causes such effects CombinesRING(the anus)

with a conventional sense of ‘burn’; upper-class society origins

The following definition is offered by Ann Barr and Peter York in

their 1982 Official Sloane Ranger Handbook: ‘The results of a

heavy curry the morning after’UK , 1982

ringernoun1a perfect resemblance Often intensified withDEAD US ,

1891.2an athlete or horse fraudulently entered in a game or race

US , 1890.3a false vehicle registration number plateUS , 1956.4a

criminal who builds new cars from the parts of stolen carsUK , 1970.

5a single inhalation of crack cocaine with a strong effectUS , 1994.

6a stockmanAUSTRALIA , 1979.7the fastest shearer in a shearing

shedAUSTRALIA , 1871

ring gamenouna game of poker with all seats at the table occupied

US , 1982

ringienounthe person running a game of two-upAUSTRALIA , 1941

ring-innoun1an illegal competitor substituted for another in a race

AUSTRALIA , 1918.2any surreptitious substituteAUSTRALIA , 1956.3one

who doesn’t belong; an outsiderAUSTRALIA , 1987

ring inverb1to illegally substitute a racehorse or greyhound for

another in a race; to substitute a phoney in a competition

AUSTRALIA , 1895.2to secretly introduce altered dice into a dice game

ring-knockernouna graduate of one of the US military academies

From the school rings worn by graduatesUS , 1991

ringmasternouna railway yardmasterUS , 1946

ringpiecenounthe anus AnARSEHOLEin both the anatomical and

figurative sensesUK , 1949

ring raidernouna male homosexual An allusion to anal

intercourse, based onRING(the anus)UK , 2003

ring-stingnouna burning sensation in and of the anus caused,

gen-erally, by spicy food Formed onRING(the anus) Occasionally, and

originally, known as ‘ring-burn’UK , 1984

ring-stingernouna curry that produces, as an after-effect, a burning,

stinging or other painful sensation in the anusUK , 2002

ringyadjectiveirritableUS , 1932

rink ratnouna young boy who hangs around ice rinks, totally

involved in hockeyUS , 1945

rinky-dinknoun1something that is second rate, cheap or trivialUS ,

1912.2in trucking, the 4000 model White tractorUS , 1971.3in

snooker, the pink ball UK , 1992

rinky-dinkadjectiveinexpensive; poorly made; worthlessUS , 1912

rinsenouna selection of dance tunes mixed into a seamless whole;

an event which features such a musical blendUK , 1997

rinseverbto mix dance tunes into a seamless whole Perhaps

because of the wash of soundUK , 1999.< rinse arse; rinse skin;

rinse tailto administer a severe beatingTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1992

rinsebagnouna plastic bag that once contained amphetamineUS ,

1989

rinsedadjectiveexhausted A play on ‘washed out’UK , 2005

rinsing!; rinsin’!excellent; a general-purpose superlative The cry of

approval offered up to a DJ who is rinsing tunes together (see

RINSE), adopted by clubbers into wider usageUK , 2000

Rin-Tin-Tin; rintynounthe leg Rhyming slang forPIN, formed fromthe name given to several generations of a German Shepherd dogtelevision and film star of the 1930s–50s and beyondUK , 1998

RionounRio de JaneiroUS , 1935

riotnounsomething or someone that is very amusing or greatlyfunnyUK , 1933

riot bellnounin prison, any bellUK , 1996

riot grrrl; riot girlnouna cultural movement of aggressive youngfeminists; a member of the riot grrrl movement; the sub-genre ofpunk rock music associated with the movement Lazy journalismseems to be responsible for ‘girl/grrl’ variationsUS , 1991

Riot Hyatt; Riot HousenicknameThe Continental Hyatt House,Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, famous for its association with rockmusiciansUS , 1989

riot panicnounin circus and carnival usage, enthusiastic applause

US , 1981

ripnoun1a current travelling seawards from shore, usually movingswiftly An abbreviation of ‘rip tide’ or ‘rip current’US , 1990.2amethod of breaking into a safe that employs mechanical force and

no explosivesUS , 1950.3in a cheating scheme in a dice game, theswitching of tampered dice into a gameUS , 1962.4an injustice; anaction that is fundamentally unfairUS , 1982.5a complaint lodgedagainst a police officerUS , 1970.6a fine or punishment imposed forbreaking a police department conduct ruleUS , 1958.7one poundsterlingUK , 1999.8marijuanaUK , 2003.9a coarse, unattractivewomanIRELAND , 1910

ripverb1to cheat or swindle someoneUS , 1904.2to steal something

US , 1984.3to kill someoneUS , 1974.4to travel quicklyUK , 1971.5tosurf in a bold, skilled mannerUS , 1988.6to excelUS , 1994.< rip a new assholeto berate someone severelyUS , 1995.< rip intotoattack someone or something with vigour or gusto Eitherphysically or verballyAUSTRALIA , 1970.< rip it upto enjoyenergetically, to danceUS , 1956.< rip off a piece (of ass)tohave sexUS , 1971

rip and tear; ripverbto swear Rhyming slang Possibly an ence onLET RIP(to shout)UK , 1937

influ-ripeadjective1bad-smellingUS , 1995.2too strong for generalacceptabilityUK , 1999.3used of a girl, over the legal age of consent

US , 1988.4in the language surrounding the Grateful Dead, poisedfor enlightenment in the mysteries of the bandUS , 1994

rip jobnouna safe robbery in which the front of the safe is peeledoffUS , 1973

rip-offnoun1a copy; an imitationUS , 1970.2a robbery; a theft; aswindle; exploitationUS , 1975

rip offverb1to steal something If the speaker is doing the stealing,the term suggests an act of political heroism; if not, it suggestscorporate greed The subject of this verb can be either the goodsstolen, the location or the owner; the subject can split the verbwithout changing the senseUS , 1967.2to overcharge someoneUK ,

1977.3to rape someoneUS , 1984

rip-offadjective1in an imitative style, especially with the intention

to exploit a commercial advantageAUSTRALIA , 1973.2exploitative;cheatingUS , 1975

rip-off artistnouna swindler; a thiefUK , 1975

rippedadjective1drunk or drug-intoxicatedUS , 1969.2muscular;lacking body fat; well-sculptedUS , 1984

ripped out of your titsadjectivevery drunkUK , 2002

ripped to the titsadjectivevery drunkUS , 1983

rippernoun1a very unattractive (young) woman Variant ‘old ripper’

UK , 2003.2an amphetamine or other central nervous system lantUS , 1986.3a skilled skateboarderUS , 1984.4a skilled scooter-rider

stimu-UK , 2000.5in pinball, a ball that is forcefully hit into playUS , 1977

ripperadjectiveintense; extreme; excellentAUSTRALIA , 1974

ripper!used for expressing strong approvalAUSTRALIA , 1987

rippingadjective1excellentUK , 1846.2very angryUS , 1968

ripping ironnouna jacket slit up the backBARBADOS , 1965

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rip-rapnounloose, crushed stone used to form embankmentsUS ,

1822

riproodlingadjectiveexcellent A rare variant of ‘rip-roaring’US , 1954

ripsnoun< do ripsto smoke marijuanaUS , 1997

rip, shit or bustverbto throw yourself wholeheartedly into a task

without fear of the consequencesNEW ZEALAND , 1999

rip-snorternouna remarkable person; an exceptional thingUS , 1842

rip tracknounon the railways, a hospitalUS , 1977

Rip Van Winkleverbto urinate Rhyming slang forTINKLEor

SPRINKLE, formed from the eponymous character in an 1820 story

by Washington IrvingUK , 1992

risenounan erectionUS , 1998

riseverb< rise to the occasionto achieve an erection when the

moment requires it A punning application of a conventional

phraseUK , 1984

rise and shinenounwine Rhyming slangUK , 1992

rising dampnouncramp Rhyming slangUK , 1992

rissolenoun1the anus Euphemistic forARSEHOLE AUSTRALIA , 1971.2a

Returned Servicemen’s League club From a jocular pronunciation

of RSL as a vowelless word, punning on ‘rissole’ (a meat patty)

AUSTRALIA , 1983.< like a rissoleused as a jocular catchphrase

tacked onto the farewell expressions ‘catch you round’ and ‘see

you round’ Punning on ‘round’ (circular), the shape of a rissole

AUSTRALIA , 1996

ritual spiritnounMDMA, the recreational drug best known as

ecstasyUK , 2003

ritzyadjectiveclassy, stylish, fashionable After the Ritz luxury hotels

in New York, London and ParisUS , 1920

Riv; Rivie; Rivie hognouna Buick Riviera carUS , 1980

rivernounin a hand of poker, the final card received by a playerUK ,

2003.< across the riverdeadUS , 1949.< up the river; upriver

to a prisonUS , 1947

riverinanouna shilling, hence, 5p Rhyming slang forDEANER

AUSTRALIA , 1943

river jobnounas a result of betting, an enormous loss So great is

the loss that the bettor thinks of jumping in a riverAUSTRALIA , 1989

River Leanountea, especially a poor quality cup of tea Rhyming

slang, formed on one of London’s riversUK , 1859

River Nilenouna smile Rhyming slangUK , 1992

River Ouse; river ooze; the rivernounstrong drink Rhyming

slang forBOOZE UK , 1930

river ratnouna river-rafting enthusiastUS , 1997

River Tynenounwine, especially inferior wine Rhyming slang,

formed on a major river in the northeast of EnglandUK , 1992

Riviera; Riviera of the southnicknameany place in Antarctica

perceived to be slightly warmer than the rest of the continent,

especially the Antarctic Peninsula or Davis stationANTARCTICA , 1963

rivvelnounamong Nova Scotians of German origin, a noodle soup

Like another Lunenburg County word, ‘roovled’ this word is

prob-ably a derivative of the German word runzeln (wrinkled) CANADA ,

1999

Rizlanouna cigarette rolling paper A brand name that acquired a

generic meaningUK , 1996

RJRnouninexpensive cigarette tobacco given free to prisoners An

abbreviation of R.J Reynolds, a major tobacco companyUS , 1990

R ’n’ Rnounrock ’n’ roll An initialismUK , 1999

roachnoun1a cockroachAUSTRALIA , 1985.2the butt of a marijuana

cigarette The variant ‘roche’ also existsUS , 1938.3a still-lit and

smokeable cigarette end From the previous senseUK , 1996.

4Rohypnol™ (flunitrazepam), popularly known as the ‘date-rape

drug’ From the manufacturer, Hoffman-La Roche The variant

‘roachie’ also existsUS , 1995.5a police officer A disliked insect

found nearly everywhereUS , 1963.6an unpopular girlUS , 1959.7in

new car sales, a bad credit riskUS , 1989

roachverb1to smoke a marijuana cigaretteUK , 2004.2to have sexwith someone’s spouse or lover; to cuckold someoneBAHAMAS , 1982.

3in computing, to destroy a programUS , 1991

roachanounmarijuanaUK , 2003

roach and dacenounthe face Rhyming slang A less common ation ofKIPPER AND PLAICE UK , 1874

vari-roach bendernounsomeone who smokes marijuana An ation of the noun and verb senses ofROACH US , 1942

elabor-roach clipnouna device, improvised or manufactured, designed tohold the butt of a (marijuana) cigarette and make smoking thefinal portion possibleUS , 1997

roach coachnoun1a dustcartUK , 1981.2a catering truck Thereduplicative suggestion is of a lack of hygiene that attractscockroachesUS , 1985

Roachdale Collegenicknamean ‘alternative’ institution within theUniversity of Toronto, officially named Rochdale College Founded

in the 1960s, this irreverent nickname captured the flavour of thespirit of the place Its history is memorialised in an exhibit whichincludes memoirs of drug use, a Can-Cannabis flag and other

‘Counter-Cultural Ephemera’CANADA , 1969

roachedadjectiveunder the influence of Rohypnol™ (flunitrazepam),popularly known as the ‘date-rape drug’ From the name of themanufacturer, Hoffman-La RocheUS , 1996

roach havennouna hotel/motel lacking in hygieneUS , 1995

roach killersnounpointed shoesUS , 1974

roach motelnouna used car dealership that targets customers withpoor creditUS , 1997

roach wagonnouna catering truckUS , 1984

roachynounthe penisBAHAMAS , 1982

roadnounthe realities of contemporary urban existence Arefinement ofSTREET UK , 2005.< the roadin Roller Derby,anywhere outside the nine San Francisco Bay Area counties, thehome of the gameUS , 1999.< up the roadcommitted for trialbefore a judge and juryUK , 1977

roadverbto ride a bicycle on the road in a large Canadian city

roadblock dancenounan unofficial street partyUK , 1994

road burnnounin the language surrounding the Grateful Dead, thedeteriorated grooming and personal hygiene that serve as physicalmanifestations of a long tour following the bandUS , 1994

road dognoun1an extremely close friendUS , 1989.2in sportsbetting, a team picked as the underdog playing away from home

US , 1989

road dopenounamphetamines Derives from the drug’s use bylong-distance driversUK , 2003

road engineernouna long-haul truck driverUS , 1963

road facenouna stoic expression giving no sign of emotionTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 2003

road gamenouna criminal’s field of expertiseUS , 1984

road headnounoral sex received while drivingUS , 2001

road helpernounan amphetamine or other central nervous systemstimulantUS , 1969

roadienoun1a member of a rock band’s entourage who is sible for setting up and dismantling the band’s equipment while

respon-on tourUK , 1968.2among mountain-bikers, a derogatory term for acyclist who only rides on paved surfacesUS , 1996.3a final drink

before starting a road journey From ‘one for the road’ AUSTRALIA ,

1996.4a can or bottle of beer drunk while driving Also used as ameasure of distance, as in ‘It’s a three roadie trip’AUSTRALIA , 1996

roadie’s screwdrivernouna hammer or any blunt instrumentused to strike something that is not workingUK , 1985

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road killnounliterally, an animal or bird carcass on the side of the

road; figuratively, an unattractive messUS , 1979

road lousenouna chorus dancer who can no longer get work in the

major metropolitan dance hallsUS , 1948

road mapnoun1multiple facial lacerationsUS , 1989.2in craps, the

dice placed before the shooter with the point needed to win face

upUS , 1983.3a peace plan Originally, and especially, applied to the

Israel–Palestine conflictUS , 2002

road pizzanounan animal carcass on the roadCANADA , 1987

road ragenouna driver’s violent reaction to the frustrations of

traffic hindrances and the discourtesies of other road usersUS , 1988

road rashnoun1scraped, bruised and/or cut skin earned in falls

while skateboarding or engaging in activity on the roadUS , 1976.

2scraped, bruised and/or cut skin earned by moped riders in road

accidentsUK , 2003

road rocket; rocketnounan extremely fast motorcycleUK , 1978

road sodanounalcohol drunk in a car on the way to a party or

concertUS , 2004

road stakenounenough money to get someone to their next job

US , 1965

roadsternouna trampUS , 1890

road talknoungossip; a rumourBAHAMAS , 1982

road tarnouncoffee, especially strong and bitter coffeeUS , 1976

road troublenounproblems encountered on the street, usually

between a pimp and prostituteUS , 1973

roamnoun< on the roamaway from homeUS , 1976

roarernounin horse racing, a horse that coughes loudly while

gallopingUS , 1947

roaring fortiesnicknamethe latitudes between 40 and 49 degrees

south Strong winds from the west produce choppy ocean

con-ditionsANTARCTICA , 1897

roaring gamenounthe sport of curlingCANADA , 2002

roaring twentynouna type of amphetamine tabletUK , 1998

roar upverb(of a male) to have sexUK , 1995

roastnouna person killed by a fireUS , 1976

roastverb1(from an active perspective) to have sex with someone

UK , 2002.2to criticise someone or something severely; to be

mercilessly disparaging of someone or something; to denounce

someoneUK , 1782.3to earn money after hours, especially when

doing so with some degree of dishonestyJAMAICA , 1990

roast beefnounthe teeth Rhyming slangUK , 1992

roast beefverbin the used car business, to suggest a higher

trade-in value to the dealer management than will be approved, givtrade-ing

the salesman who does so a cushion to fall to the value he

expects will be approvedUS , 1975

roastedadjectivedrunk or drug-intoxicatedUS , 1989

roastienoun1a roast potatoUK , 2001.2a traditional English roast

dinnerUK , 2002

roastingadjective1of an ambient temperature, very hotUK , 1768.

2anxious; unhappyUK , 1996

roast pork; roastnouna fork Rhyming slangUK , 1992

roast pork; roastverbto talk Rhyming slangUK , 1961

roast potato; roastienouna waiter Rhyming slangUK , 1992

robnoun< on the robengaged in thieveryUK , 1999

robverbto steal Unconventional passive usageUK , 1999.< rob the

cradleto be romantically involved with a young personUS , 1978.

< we wuz robbed; we woz robbedused as an excuse for

losing As a jocular exclamation this is a fine example of ‘many a

true word spoken in jest’; widely used (with serious intent) as an

indignant cliché Apparently coined in 1932 by boxing manager

Joe Jacobs when his client, Max Schmeling, lost the world

heavyweight title as the result of a controversial split-decisionUS ,

1988

robber talknounthreatening talkTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1985

robenounin circus and carnival usage, a judge in criminal courtUS , 1981

Roberta Flacknoundismissal from employment Rhyming slang for

SACK, formed from the name of the US singer (b.1939)UK , 1998

Robert E Leenoun1a quay Dockers’ rhyming slang, formed onthe name of the Confederate army general (1807–70)UK , 1961.

2the knee Sometimes abbreviated to ‘Robert E.’ or the simple

‘Robert’UK , 1992.3urine; an act of urination Rhyming slang forPEE

Robin Hoodadjectivegood Rhyming slang, formed on the name ofthe legendary hero of Sherwood ForestUK , 1932

Robin Hoodsnounmerchandise, goods Rhyming slangUK , 1992

robin runnounin Canadian maple sugaring, the first flow of themaple tree sap, which is especially sweetCANADA , 1995

Robinson Crusoeverbto do so Rhyming slang, formed from theeponymous hero of Daniel Defoe’s 1719 bookUK , 1960

rob my palnouna girl Rhyming slang forGAL UK , 1960

robonoundextromethorphan (DXM), an active ingredient in scription cold and cough medication, often abused for non-medicinal purposesUS , 2003

non-pre-roboverbto drink Robitussin™ (a branded cough medicine withcodeine)US , 1993

robodoseverbto abuse cough syrups for recreational purposes.From the name of the most popular syrup of abuse, Robitussen™

US , 1995

robotardnouna person who abuses for non-medicinal purposesnon-prescription medication containing dextromethorphan (DXM).From the branded cough syrup, Robitussen™US , 2003

robotripverbto abuse for non-medicinal purposes non-prescriptionmedication containing dextromethorphan (DXM) From thebranded cough syrup, Robitussin™US , 2003

ROCnounthe rest of Canada, i.e all of Canada except Quebec

CANADA , 2002

rocanoun1MDMA, the recreational drug best known as ecstasyUK ,

2003.2crack cocaine Corrupted Spanish-English for ‘rock’US , 1994

Roche; La Roche; rochienounRohypnol™ (flunitrazepam),popularly known as the ‘date-rape drug’ Because RochePharmaceuticals markets the Rohypnol™ sleeping pillUS , 2004

rocknoun1a rhythmic style of (usually) amplified music thatprovides the umbrella for any number of music genres Originallyabbreviated fromROCK ’N’ ROLL; in the US it has continued in usefor all forms of driving, rhythmic music Meanwhile, in the UKearly variant forms were called ‘beat’ orPOP; not until the mid-1960s was ‘rock’ used as a title for some contemporary music andthen only applied to the more serious music that derived fromrock ’n’ rollUS , 1957.2a diamondUS , 1908.3cocaineUS , 1973.4crackcocaine Describes the crystalline lumps of purified cocaineUS ,

1983.5a pool ballUS , 1990.6in the usage of youthful model roadracers (slot car racers), a slow carUS , 1997.7a solid, reliable,dependable fellow prisonerUS , 1976.8in prison, a predatory homo-sexualUS , 1967.9a frugal and stingy personUS , 1950.10a dollarUS ,

1950.11a packet of brand name manufactured cigarettes, used as abasic medium of exchange in prisonUS , 1992.12a crystal tuningdevice used in a citizens’ band transceiverUS , 1976

Rocknickname< the Rock1Gibraltar From Gibraltar’s mainfeatureUK , 1829.2the Alcatraz federal penitentiary, located in SanFrancisco bayUS , 1970.3Rocky Marciano (1923–69), the onlyundefeated heavyweight champion in boxing historyUS , 1975.

4Guam A nickname used by US military pilots during theVietnamese warUS , 1990.5Riker’s Island jail, New YorkUS , 1975.6theisland of Newfoundland This term, almost universal in use in

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both Newfoundland and the rest of Canada, derives from the

stony soil of the islandCANADA , 2001

rockverb1to have sexUS , 1922.2to excelUS , 1996.3to excite

someoneUS , 1955.4to workUK , 2001.5to prepare crack cocaine

from powdered cocaineUS , 1995.6to distress someone; to disturb

someone; to startle someoneUS , 1940.< rock assto produce rock

music that inspires a vigorous audience response On the model

ofKICK ASS(to behave energetically)US , 1979.< rock the boatto

upset the status quo; to make difficulties; to cause troubleUK , 1931.

< rock the clockin the used car business, to spin the odometer

(mileometer) backwardsUS , 1997.< rock the groove(of hip-hop

music or musicians) to give pleasureUK , 1998

rockadjectivehardUK , 2001

rockabillynouna mid-1950s US fashion; a late 1970s British youth

fashion and music genre identified as an exaggeration of hillbilly

country and western style An ellision ofROCK ’N’ ROLLand ‘hillbilly’

US , 1993

rock and bouldernounthe shoulder Rhyming slangUK , 1931

rock and rollnounused of an automatic or semi-automatic

weapon, full automatic fireUS , 1979

rock and roll; rock ’n’ rollverbto begin and perform the task at

handUS , 1990

rock apenoun1a black person OffensiveAUSTRALIA , 1972.2a lout or

hooliganAUSTRALIA , 1994

rock attacknouncrack cocaine An elaboration ofROCK UK , 2003

rock budnouna powerful variety of marijuanaUK , 2003

rock cakenouna small bet Possibly rhyming slang for ‘stake’; or

possibly a dismissive comparison to an article of little valueUK , 1991

rock candynoundiamondsUS , 1970

rockchoppernouna Roman Catholic A derogatory term originating

amongst Protestants In earlier use (1908, Australian National

Dictionary) used of a ‘navvy’ (i.e one who breaks up rock), and

thus in origin probably a slur labelling all Australian Catholics

descendants of Irish Catholic convictsAUSTRALIA , 1981

rock collegenounprisonNEW ZEALAND , 1998

rock crushernounin poker, a hand that is certain to winUS , 1988

rockdancenounwalking barefoot over a rocky surface to retrieve a

surfboardUS , 1963

rocked outadjectiveunder the influence of crack cocaineUS , 1991

rockernoun1any of the several curved stripes below the three

chevrons on the insignia of a sergeant in the US Army or Marine

CorpsUS , 1944.2a curved patch designating a motorcyle gang or

the gang-member’s home city or country, worn as part of the

colours A borrowing from the militaryUS , 1971.3a member of the

1960s youth cult that is characterised by the use of motorcycles

and leathers, and chiefly remembered as the opposite to ModUK ,

1971.4a non-surfer who associates with surfers and poses as a

surferAUSTRALIA , 1964.5a rock musician/singerUK , 2003.6a song, or

instrumental, exhibiting the rhythmic characteristics of rock ’n’

rollUK , 1975.7the convex curvature of the bottom of a surfboard

US , 1965.< off your rockercrazyUK , 1897

rocker; rokkerverbto speak Romany; to talk English gypsy use

from Romany roker (to speak) UK , 2000

rocketnoun1a marijuana cigaretteUS , 1942.2a hypodermic needle

and syringeUS , 1989.3a bulletUS , 1965.4an Oldsmobile V-8 engine

US , 1965.5a tampon From the shapeUS , 2001 8see:ROAD ROCKET

rocket alleynicknamePhuoc Binh, South Vietnam The nickname

came from the frequent Viet Cong rocket attacksUS , 1990

rocket burnsnounfaecal stains in the underwear or on a toilet bowl

rocket fuelnoun1phencyclidine, the recreational drug known as

PCP or angel dustUS , 1976.2a combination of assorted alcoholic

beveragesNEW ZEALAND , 1997

rocket mannouna person who sells syringes to drug addicts Illegal

in the US, but profitableUS , 1989

rocket ripplenouna barrage of 144 rockets fired from a small cart.Korean war usageUS , 1957

rocket sciencenounany difficult, demanding taskUS , 1997

rocket stainsnounfaecal stains in the underwear or on a toiletbowlCANADA , 2002

rock fiendnouna crack cocaine addict FromROCK(crack cocaine)

rock-hognounin mining, a tunneller or drillerCANADA , 1954

rockhoppernounan angler who fishes from coastal rocksAUSTRALIA , 1966

rock houndnounin oil drilling, a geologist, especially one whofocuses on the earth’s surfaceUS , 1954

rock housenouna premises used for the sale and consumption ofcrack cocaineUS , 1985

rocking chairnoun1retirement with a pensionUS , 1946.2in a group

of trucks travelling together, the truck in the middleUS , 1976

rocking chair moneynoununemployment insurance or Old AgeSecurityCANADA , 1959

rocking horsenounsauce, whether the condiment, garnish orimpudence Rhyming slangUK , 1979

Rock JawnicknameRach Gia, South VietnamUS , 1990

rock jockeynounin the language of paragliding, the pilot of a hanggliderUS , 1992

rockmannouna dealer in crack cocaineUS , 1989

rock mednounmedical treatment targeted for rock ’n’ roll concertgoersUS , 1994

rock ’n’ rollnoun1a genre of music with a driving rhythm; anumbrella for most simply rhythmic music produced since the1950s The etymology is laden with sexual overtones, thus ‘MyMan Rocks Me With One Steady Roll’, sung by blues singer TrixieSmith in 1924, and a song entitled ‘Rock and Roll’ is recorded in

1934 It is not until 1954 that the music now recognised as ‘rock

’n’ roll’ is given its identity; coinage is generally credited to US discjockey Alan FreedUS , 1924.2a hole Rhyming slang, used practically

or figurativelyUK , 1992.3unemployment benefit; any governmentoffice from which it is administrated Rhyming slang forTHE DOLE

UK , 1994

rock ’n’ roll!used as an good-humoured exclamation of dismissal

UK , 2000

rock of ages; rocksnounwages Rhyming slangUK , 1937

rock of Gibraltarnounin shuffleboard, a disc that is well hiddenand guardedUS , 1967

rock-onnounan erection A variation ofHARD-ON(an erection)UK , 1999

rock on the chest; rock on the boxnounsilicosisUS , 1951

rockpilenounany prison jobUS , 1984

rocksnoun1saltUS , 1981.2moneyUS , 1950.3dominoesUS , 1959.

4jewels; pearls From the US sense (diamonds)UK , 1937.5thetesticlesUS , 1948.6courageUS , 1977 8see:ALMOND ROCKS, MINTROCKS.< get your rocks off1to ejaculateUS , 1969.2to be satis-fied with or excited about something Figurative application of thesense ‘to ejaculate’US , 1995.< on the rocks1used of a drink,served over iceUS , 1946.2in severe troubleUK , 1889.< shoot your rocksto ejaculateUS , 1975.< the rocksa confidence swindleinvolving fake diamondsUS , 1969

rock slingernouna seller of crack cocaineUS , 1993

rocks of hellnouncrack cocaine An elaboration ofROCK UK , 1998

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rock solventnounin caving and pot-holing, any explosive This is

slang with a euphemistic purpose: when communicating by

telephone, e-mail, etc., it is thought ill advised to use words like

‘explosive’UK , 2004

rockspidernoun1an Afrikaner Derogatory Sometimes shortened to

‘spider’SOUTH AFRICA , 1970.2a child molester Originally in prison

use, but now part of general slangAUSTRALIA , 1984

rock starnoun1a crack cocaine dealerUS , 1988.2a woman who

engages in sex for payment in crack cocaine or money to buy

crack cocaine; a prostitute addicted to crack cocaineUS , 1993

rock starringnounan act of having sex with a partner in exchange

for a payment of crack cocaineUK , 2002

rock whorenouna woman who will trade sex for crack cocaineUS ,

RockynounCoors™ beer Coors boasts of being brewed with ‘pure

Rocky Mountain spring water’US , 1967

rocky black; rockynouna type of marijuanaUK , 1996

rocky hashnouna type of marijuanaUK , 1997

Rocky IIInouncrack cocaine An elaboration ofROCK, using the title

of a 1982 filmUK , 1998

Rocky Mountain deadshotnounpancakes; hotcakes; griddle cakes;

flapjacksCANADA , 1989

Rocky Mountain Kool AidnounCoors™ beer Once available only

in Colorado, where it is brewedUS , 1977

Rocky Mountain oysternounan animal testicle, usually that of a

steer formerly known as a bull, prepared for eating as a regional

delicacyUS , 1986

rocynoun any variety of hashish from Morocco UK , 2003

rodnoun1the penis; the erect penisUK , 1902.2a gun, usually a

pistol A perfect example for those who like to ascribe phallic

symbolism to the tools of man’s aggressionUS , 1903.3a hired

gunmanUS , 1964.4a car modified for speed or looks; a hot rodUS ,

1945.5the draw-rod underneath a railway goods wagonUS , 1904.

< had the rodwrecked; ruined Variant ofHAVE HAD THE DICK

AUSTRALIA , 1975

rodadionouna radio Trucker embellishmentUS , 1976

roddanouna Cadillac El Dorado carUS , 1972

rodded upadjectivearmed with a handgun or handgunsUS , 1950

roddernouna hot rod enthusiastUS , 1949

rodeo fucknounused for describing sex between a man and

woman; the man enters the woman from behind, insults her

(‘you’re almost as good as your sister’ for example) and then holds

on A term heard mostly in jokesUS , 2002

Rodinonouna Mexican citizen permitted to stay in the US during

an immigration amnesty period in the late 1980s After

Congressman Peter Rodino, sponsor of the legislation that made

the amnesty possibleUS , 1993

Rodney boaternouna boat-dweller who does not care for the

upkeep of the boat-homeUK , 1987

rod outverbto install high performance equipment in a car’s

engineUS , 1994

Rods; Rod’snicknameHarrod’s, a department store in Knightsbridge,

London An abbreviation that seems to be a diminutive

Upper-class society useUK , 1982

Rod the Bod; Rod the Modnicknamerock singer Rod StewartUS ,

1993

rod wallopernouna male masturbator Formed onROD(the penis)

with a variation of ‘beater’AUSTRALIA , 1971

rod-wallopingnounmale masturbationAUSTRALIA , 1971

rogerverb1from a male perspective, to have sex From its, nowobsolete, use as a slang term for ‘the penis’UK , 1711.2toacknowledge receipt of a messageUS , 2001

roger!used for expressing agreement or affirmation ‘R’ or ‘roger’signified that a message or command had been receivedUS , 1941

roger dodger; roger dodge; roger D; roger splodgeyes;affirmative Variations ofROGER!(yes)US , 1976

Roger Huntnouna cunt in all senses Rhyming slang, formed, for

no apparent reason other than the rhyme, from the name of aLiverpool and England footballerUK , 1998

rogeringnounfrom a male perspective, sexual intercourse From theverbROGER(to have sex)UK , 1998

Roger ramjetnounany speeding and reckless driverUS , 1976

roguenoun1a horse that is difficult to handleAUSTRALIA , 1947.2insurfing, a wave that appears without warningUS , 1977

rogueverbto take something without permissionUS , 1984

rogueadjectivestrange; threateningUS , 2003

rogue’s badgenounin horse racing, blinkers Usually worn byhorses that do not behave well, hence the label of ‘rogue’US , 1947

rogue’s gallerynouna collection of photographs of criminalsUS , 1859

roidheadnoun a habitual user of steroids An abbreviation of ‘steroid’

combined with-HEAD(a user)UK , 2001

roid rage; ’roid ragenounviolently ill-tempered behaviour resulting

from excessive steroid use An abbreviation of ‘steroid’, playing on

ROAD RAGE US , 1987

roidsnounanabolic steroidsUS , 1980

rojasnounMalboro™ cigarettes Spanish for ‘red’, which is thecolour of the packagingUS , 1990

rojitonouna red central nervous system depressant, especiallySeconal™ From the Spanish for ‘little red one’US , 1971

rojonoundextromethorphan (DXM), an active ingredient in scription cold and cough medication, often abused for non-medicinal purposes Spanish for ‘red’, which is the colour of thecough syrupUS , 2003

non-pre-rojo flownounthe bleed period of the menstrual cycle A use of the

Spanish word rojo (red) US , 2001

rokonouna riot, protest or demonstrationINDIA , 2003

rolfverbto vomitUS , 1982

rollnoun1an act of sexual intercourse An abbreviation ofROLL IN

THE HAY US , 1962.2a roll of moneyUS , 1965.3a single cigarette ormarijuana cigaretteFIJI , 1993.4MDMA, the recreational drug bestknown as ecstasyUK , 2003.5ten barbiturate capsules sold as a unit

US , 1973.6a double-breasted suitUS , 1970.< on a rollenjoyingcontinuing successUS , 1976

rollverb1to rob someone, especially with force and especiallysomeone bemused with drinkUS , 1873.2to avoid paying a bill forservices provided by an establishment such as a hotel orrestaurantUS , 1977.3to betray friends by changing sides; to inform

on someone A variation ofROLL OVER US , 1997.4to leaveUS , 1982.

5to arrive on the sceneAUSTRALIA , 1861.6to ride in a carUS , 1990.

7(used of a woman) to walk with a rolling motion of the pelvis

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1973.8in prison, to open a cellUS , 1976.9totake MDMA, the recreational drug best known as ecstasyUS , 2001.

< roll bonesto play diceUS , 1950.< roll in on someonetoattack someoneUS , 2000.< roll it backto decelerate amotorcycle; to close the throttle-twist gripUK , 1979.< roll onlet itproceed or happen swiftly Often used in an imperative orexclamatory mannerUK , 1901.< roll the diceto take a chance onsomethingUS , 1992.< roll the drumsin betting, to double thebet in effectUS , 1986.< roll your ownto reload your ownammunitionUS , 1957

roll deepverbto go somewhere with a large group of friends; tohave a large group of friendsUS , 2001

rollernoun1a police officerUS , 1964.2a robber who relies on bruteforceUS , 1975.3a prostitute who takes a client’s money withoutdelivering a service FromROLL(to rob someone)UK , 1996.4a RollsRoyce carUK , 1975.5in the car sales business, a car that can be

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driven home the same day it is boughtUS , 1966.6a car that is

being drivenUS , 1970.7a machine used to start the engine of a

drag racer by spinning the rear wheels while the driver turns on

the ignitionUS , 1970.8a waveUS , 1988.9a vein that tends to roll

away from a needleUS , 1970.10a bowlerUS , 1953.11a tablet of

MDMA, the recreational drug best known as ecstasyUS , 2002.12a

hot dogUS , 1991

roller-ringsnounthe policeUS , 1987

rollersnoundice with rounded edges A roller may be intentionally

crafted or not; a naturally occurring roller makes a controlled shot

by a cheat difficultUS , 1950

rollerskate; skatenouna small carUK , 1951

roll for the bowlnountoilet paperUS , 1991

rollickingnouna telling-off Probably a euphemistic replacement for

synonymousBOLLOCKING UK , 1938

rollienoun1a hand-rolled cigaretteAUSTRALIA , 1981.2a marijuana

ciga-rette A variation of the previous senseUK , 1999.3a tablet of

Rolypnol™, a brand name for flunitrazepan, a sedativeNEW ZEALAND ,

1989

rolliesnounloose tobacco, used for hand-rolling cigarettes Prison

usageUS , 1967

rollingadjective1very rich Variants include ‘rolling in it’ and ‘rolling

in money’UK , 1782.2under the influence of MDMA, the

rec-reational drug best known as ecstasyUS , 1996

rolling bonesnoundiceUS , 1950

rolling hot!used by helicopter gunship pilots in Vietnam to

announce that a strafing attack was about to beginUS , 1990

rolling lighthousenounin trucking, a tractor and trailer

embellished with many extra running lightsUS , 1971

rollingsnounloose cigarette tobaccoUS , 1945

roll in the haynounan act of sexual intercourseUS , 1945

roll me in the gutter; roll menounbutter Rhyming slangUK , 1925

rollocksnounthe testicles Rhyming slang forBOLLOCKS The reduced

form ofJIMMY ROLLOCKS,JOHNNY ROLLOCKSandTOMMY ROLLOCKS UK ,

1984

roll-onnouna secret lover in addition to your regular partner Teen

slangSOUTH AFRICA , 2003

roll onverbto travel; to go Wheeled transport is probably implied

US , 2001

roll-on, roll-offnouna used, sometimes stolen, car imported for

saleTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 2002

rolloutnounin handball, a ball hit off the front wall so low that the

ball does not bounce off the floorUS , 1977

roll outverbto leaveUS , 1997

rollovernounan informantUS , 2000

roll oververbto turn against or inform against someoneAUSTRALIA ,

1995

Rollsnouna Rolls-Royce carUS , 1928

Rolls Roycenounthe voice, especially a good singing voice

Rhyming slangUK , 1960

roll-upnoun1a hand-rolled cigarette A prison coinage UK , 1950.2a

type of bet where the amount won on one event becomes the

stake for the next event Better known as an ‘accumulator’UK , 2001

roll upverb1to arriveAUSTRALIA , 1920.2to roll a marijuana cigarette

US , 1971

rollynouna match Rhyming slang, from Rolly Hatch, a prominent

and popular horse racing figure in New Zealand and later Australia

AUSTRALIA , 1989

roll-your-ownnouna hand-rolled cigaretteNEW ZEALAND , 2002

rolynouna hand-rolled cigarette FromROLL-UP UK , 2002

roly-polyadjectiveoverweightUK , 1820

Roman candlenoun1in homosexual usage, the penis of an Italian

or Italian-AmericanUS , 1987.2in target shooting, a poorly loaded

cartridge that produces a spray of red sparks when detonatedUS ,

1957.3a burst of tracer bulletsUS , 1962.4a sandal Rhyming slang,formed from a fireworkUK , 1992

Roman culturenoungroup sexUS , 1967

Roman engagementnounin homosexual usage, anal sex with awomanUS , 1987

Roman fingersnounthe hands of a boy wandering over a girl’sbodyNEW ZEALAND , 1984

Roman roulettenounbirth control by the rhythm method A ation ofVATICAN ROULETTE UK , 1969

vari-romantic balladnouna salad Rhyming slangUK , 1998

rom-comnoun romantic comedy Media jargon that has insinuated

itself into mainstream consciousnessUK , 2002

romonouna follower of the New Romantic youth fashion of theearly 1980sUK , 2003

rompnounin horse racing, an easy victoryUS , 1976

rompverb1to excite; to excel; to be livelyUS , 1946.2to win easily.Also as ‘romp home’UK , 1881

romperednounseverely beaten Derives from ‘romper room’; used

by the British military in Northern Ireland to describe a brand ofjustice dispensed by illegal kangaroo courtsUK: NORTHERN IRELAND , 1974

rompumsnounmarijuanaUK , 2003

Romulannounin British Columbia, a local variety of marijuana A

Star Trek inspired term CANADA , 2002

ronnouna homosexual Mafia donUS , 2002

Ronan Keatingnouna beating Rhyming slang, formed from thename of the popular Irish singer (b.1977)UK , 2004

roniesnounpepperoniUS , 1996

Ronnie Biggsnounlodgings Rhyming slang forDIGS, formed fromthe name of the ‘Great Train Robber’ (1929–2005)UK , 1992

Ronnie RayGunnicknameRonald Reagan (1911–2004), US President1981–89 A neat pun that refers particularly to Reagan’s ‘StarWars’ initiativeUK , 2000

ronsonnoun1a ponce, a man who lives on the earnings of aprostitute Very imperfect rhyming slang, apparently adoptedunder the influence of high-powered advertising for the brandedcigarette lightersUK , 1984.2a despised or unpleasant person.Rhyming slang, formed on a very weak rhyme forPONCE UK , 1960

roonoun1a kangaroo By front clippingAUSTRALIA , 1898.2anapprentice station hand working on, and learning how to manage,

a cattle or sheep station An abbreviation of ‘jackaroo’AUSTRALIA , 1891

-roosuffixused as an meaningless, affected embellishment of a noun

US , 1984

roo barnouna metal grille attached to the front of a vehicle asprotection from kangaroos when driving in the countryAUSTRALIA , 1973

roodleadjectivein poker, said of a hand in which the stakes havebeen temporarily raisedUS , 1947

roody-poonounsomeone who is ignorant or unsophisticatedUS , 1999

roody-pooadjectivesecond-rate; shallowUS , 1998

roofnounthe flight deck of an aircraft carrierUK , 1998.< on the roofpaid for by the management of the establishment A vari-ation ofON THE HOUSE UK , 2002

roofverbto break into a building through the roofUS , 1972

roofernounRohypnol™ (flunitrazepam), popularly known as the

is then included in that journalist’s reportUK , 2005

roof-sniffingnounin caving and pot-holing, the act of moving onyour back along a small, water-filled passage with only sufficientair-space for the eyes and noseUK , 2004

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rooknouna beginner An abbreviation ofROOKIE US , 1905

rookverbto cheat someone; to swindle someone; to defraud

someoneUK , 1590

rooketyadjectiverocky; bumpyBARBADOS , 1965

rookienoun1a raw recruit, especially a new recruit in the army or

police Probably a perversion of ‘recruit’UK , 1892.2a novice at a

sport; a player in his or her first year with a particular team From

the wider sense as a ‘recruit’US , 1913.3a college freshmanUS , 1979

rooly; roollyadverbreally Representing a pronunciation of young

children, though also used to represent supposed uneducated

roomdognouna roommateUS , 1996

roomienoun1a roommateUS , 1918.2a prison cellmateUS , 1982

room-riflernouna thief who steals from hotel roomsUS , 1954

’roomsnounmushroomsUS , 1969

roomsnouna roommateUS , 1970

room temperature IQnouna very low intelligenceUS , 1981

room timenountime spent surfing in the breaking hollow of a wave

US , 1991

rooneynounthe penisUS , 1968

roostnoun1the highest rows in the highest gallery in a theatreUK ,

1952.2a residence, be it room, apartment or houseUS , 1945

roostverbto sitUS , 1983

roosternoun1the buttocksUS , 1946.2crack cocaineUS , 1994.3a

member of the Piru youth gangUS , 1994

rooster combnouna swath of unmown hay left in the field after

cuttingCANADA , 1992

rooster tailnouna spray of water directly behind an object or

person moving fast through the waterUS , 1965

rootnoun1the penisUS , 1968.2an act of sexual intercourseAUSTRALIA ,

1959.3a sexual partner Especially used in contexts where a

person’s sexual abilities are rated; seeDUD ROOT AUSTRALIA , 1969.

4marijuana; a marijuana cigaretteUS , 1959.5an amphetamine or

other central nervous system stimulantUS , 1971.6a kick The

variant ‘rooter’ also existsIRELAND , 1962

rootverb1to copulate with someoneAUSTRALIA , 1958.2to confound

someone; to defeat someoneAUSTRALIA , 1944.3to give a hefty blow

to someone or somethingAUSTRALIA , 1975.< get rootedgo away;

piss off An analogue to ‘get fucked’AUSTRALIA , 1961.< root like a

rattlesnake(usually of a woman) to have sex with vigour and

uninhibited enthusiasmAUSTRALIA , 1969

rootableadjectivesexually desirableAUSTRALIA , 1973

root aroundverbto be sexually promiscuousAUSTRALIA , 2001

rootedadjectivewrecked; ruinedAUSTRALIA , 1944

rooternouna person who copulates promiscuouslyAUSTRALIA , 1975

root forverbto support someone ardentlyUS , 2000

rootin’ tootin’ oilnounsemenUS , 1962

root upverbto mess something upAUSTRALIA , 1992

root utenouna panel van or the like used for sexual encounters

AUSTRALIA , 2000

rooty-ma-tootnouna suit Glasgow rhyming slangUK: SCOTLAND , 1988

roovlenounamong Nova Scotians of German descent, a wrinkle In

Lunenburg County, the descendants of German soldiers of fortune

who were awarded land by King George in the late C18 use

unconventional, slightly altered German words in their English

conversation This term is close in sound to ‘rivvel’ and thus may

also come from German runzeln (to wrinkle) CANADA , 1999

ropenoun1marijuana; hashish; a marijuana cigarette Conventional

‘rope’ is often made from Indian hemp Cannabis sativa, a plant

genus that gives us marijuana, is trueHEMPbut sometimes called

INDIAN HEMPwhich may well explain the origins of this usage; it islikely that the sense as ‘a marijuana cigarette’ is influenced byappearanceUS , 1944.2Rohypnol™ (flunitrazepam), popularly known

as the ‘date-rape drug’US , 1995.3a vein used for drug injectionsUK ,

1996.4a thick gold chain necklaceUS , 1989.5an Afrikaner

Contemptuous, insulting; a reference to a rope that is, according

to a 1975 informant, ‘thick, coarse, twisted, hairy’SOUTH AFRICA , 1970.

6tough talkTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1983

ropeverb1to lure someone into a swindleUS , 1848.2in a card game,

to cheat or mislead someoneUS , 1985

ropeableadjectivelivid; splenetic; furiousAUSTRALIA , 1874

rope-a-dopenoun1a defensive tactic employed by Muhammed Ali,resting against the ropes and letting his opponent exhaust himselfwith punches that Ali evaded or absorbedUS , 1975.2a tactic offeigning weakness in order to lure an opponent into an ill-advisedoffensive From the boxing senseUS , 1979

rope dopenounlow grade marijuanaUS , 1995

ropeheadnoun1a Rastafarian with long matted braidsJAMAICA , 1987.

2a dark-skinned person Prison usageNEW ZEALAND , 1997

ropernounin a confidence swindle, a confederate who identifies andlures the victim into the swindle Originally used in the context ofgambling houses, and then in confidence swindlesUS , 1840

rophienounRohypnol™ (flunitrazepam), popularly known as the

ro-roadjectiveroll on, roll off Said of a containerisation system used

to ship military cargo during the Vietnam warUS , 1990

rortnoun1a confidence trick; an illicit scheme or dodge; a swindle.Also used of legitimate practices imputing that they are unfair or arip-offAUSTRALIA , 1926.2a wild party; an unrestrained good time; adrunken orgyAUSTRALIA , 1950.3in horse or greyhound racing, a largeand unexpected betAUSTRALIA , 1989

rortverb1to fraudulently manipulate an organisation, system or thelike; to rip someone off; to rig an electionAUSTRALIA , 1919.2to partyboisterouslyAUSTRALIA , 1960.3to engage in petty crimeAUSTRALIA , 1919

rorternouna swindler; a cheatAUSTRALIA , 1926

rortyadjectivewild, boisterousAUSTRALIA , 1929

Rory O’More; rorynoun1a floor Rhyming slang, on the name of alegendary Irish rebel The earliest of three uses for the rhyme;however, the second sense, ‘a whore’ is obsoleteUK , 1857.2a door.Rhyming slang, on the name of a legendary Irish rebel This is theonly sense of the word also recorded in the US, where it issometimes misspelt Rory O’MooreUK , 1892

rosanounan amphetamine tabletUS , 1994

Rosa Maria; rosa marianounmarijuanaUS , 1938

roscoenouna handgunUS , 1914

roscoeverbto point a handgun at someone and order them not tomoveUS , 1974

rosenouna tablet of Benzedrine™ (amphetamine sulphate), a centralnervous system stimulantUS , 1967

Roseanne Barrnouna bra Rhyming slang, formed from the name

of the US actress, comedienne and producer (b.1952)UK , 1998

rosebudnoun1the anusUS , 1965.2a textbook example of a primarylesionUS , 1981.3following a colostomy, the pink tissue that marksthe opening of the intestine on the abdomenUS , 1980.4a potato.Rhyming slang forSPUD Sometimes shortened to ‘rose’UK , 1943

rosebudverb(of the anus) to become puffy and pronouncedUK , 1996

rose gardennoun1in prison, a solitary confinement cellUK , 1978.2agroup of neurologically depressed hospital patientsUS , 1978

Rose Marienounmarijuana An anglicisation ofROSA MARIA UK , 2003

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rose tree trimmernouna person hired to clean latrinesBARBADOS ,

1965

rosewoodnouna police nightstickUS , 1970

rosey lee; rosie lee; rosienountea Rhyming slang; originally

military, probably from the 1914–18 warUK , 1925

rosienouna rubbish binUK , 2002

Rosie O’Grady’snoun a ladies’ toilet Rhyming slang, originally

‘Rosie O’Grady’ (a lady) but now used only of a public

conven-ience, formed from the film musical Sweet Rosie O’Grady, 1943 UK ,

1998

Rosie Palm and her five sisters; Rosie Palm; Rosienounthe

male hand as the instrument of masturbationUS , 1977

rosiner; roziner; rozenernouna large serving of an alcoholic drink

AUSTRALIA , 1933

rossernouna police officerAUSTRALIA , 1944

Rossy Docksnounsocks Glasgow rhyming slang, based on local

pronunciation of RothesayUK: SCOTLAND , 1985

rotnoun1nonsense, rubbish In Eats, Shoots & Leaves, 2003, Lynne

Truss records the following marginal note, made by a long-ago

reader, in the 1st edition of Partridge’s You Have a Point There:

‘Rot! You lazy swine Partridge’UK , 1848.2an unidentifed disease or

maladyUS , 1947

rotverbto be terribleUS , 1997

rotaryadjectivein circus and carnival usage, emotionally unbalanced

US , 1981

rot corpsnounthe ROTC, or Reserve Officer Training Corps, found at

many collegesUS , 1972

rote; routnounin Nova Scotia, the sound of the surf on the shore,

a fisherman’s locating device This word, not long in print,

descended orally from an Old Norse word rauta meaning ‘roar’.

The different sounds of the surf tell fishermen whose GPS has

broken down whether they are near sand, cliff, shingle or gravel

beach, and their knowledge of the coastline does the restCANADA ,

1975

ROTFused in computer message shorthand to mean ‘rolling on the

floor (laughing)’ US , 1991

rotgutnounany unwholesome alcoholUK , 1633

rothenountwo hundred pounds Ticket-touting slang, recorded

August 2002; possibly an ironic abbreviation of Rothschild (a rich

man)UK , 2002

rotheonountwenty pounds Ticket-touting slang, recorded August

2002 FromROTHE UK , 2002

Rothman’s-signnounnicotine-stained fingers as a diagnostic

indi-cator An informal medical term, formed on the name of a

ciga-rette manufacturerUK , 2002

roti and rum; rum and rotinouna tactic in a political campaign in

which voters are given food and drink to encourage their vote

‘Roti’ is an Indian breadTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1960

rotorheadnouna helicopter pilot or crew memberUS , 1991

roto-rooternouna person who kisses with an active and probing

tongueUS , 1963

rottedadjectivedrunk or drug-intoxicatedUS , 1993

rottenadjective1unpleasantUK , 1964.2ill; depressed; worthlessUK ,

1881.3drunkAUSTRALIA , 1864.4used to intensify a negative quality

UK , 1964

rotten rownouna blow Rhyming slang, from the name given to

the ride in London’s Hyde ParkUK , 1992

rotten squashnounbrain damageUS , 1985

rotternouna despised personUK , 1894

rottienoun1a Rottweiler dog US , 1987.2a foul moodNEW ZEALAND , 1998

roufnounfour; in betting, odds of 4–1 Back slang; pronounced as

‘loaf’UK , 1851

rouf and a halfnounin betting, odds of 9–2 In bookmaker slang

‘rouf’ is 4–1; here the addition of ‘a half’ increases the odds to 4½

– 1 or 9–2UK , 1991

roughnounturbulent seas following a stormCANADA , 1979

roughverb1to rob someone with force or threat of forceUS , 1973.

2to jostle or shove a member of a rival gangUS , 1955.< rough it

to have sex al fresco To voluntarily go without such creature

comforts as a bedUK , 2001.< rough it upin poker, to bet heavily

US , 1979.< rough up the suspect(of a male) to masturbateUS , 2001

roughadjective1unwell DialectUS , 1883.2good On theBAD(good)modelUK , 2003.3excellent; fashionable, trendyUS , 1963.4in lowballpoker, unfavourableUS , 1967

rough as a badger’s arseadjectiveugly; unsophisticated; unwell,especially as a result of too much drinkingUK , 1998

rough as bagsadjectiveextremely rough; unrefined, uncouth; also,

of shabby appearanceAUSTRALIA , 1927

rough as diamondsadjectiveunsophisticated; unpolished A play on

ROUGH DIAMOND AUSTRALIA , 1971

rough as gutsadjectiveextremely rough; unrefined; uncouth

roughienoun1an unrefined person or thing Arthur Chipper notes,

in The Aussie Swearer’s Guide, 1972, that the term is ‘Perhaps

most commonly assigned to young ladies who aren’t good-looking

or too well-mannered’AUSTRALIA , 1907.2a racehorse or greyhoundnot expected to win; an outsiderAUSTRALIA , 1922.3a sheep with twoseasons of wool growthFALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS) , 1993

roughnecknoun1a thug, a lout, a rowdy personUS , 1836.2in oildrilling, a skilled oil field workerUS , 1954.3on the railways, abrakeman on a goods trainUS , 1946

rough offverbto steal something using brute forceUS , 1985

rough ridernoun1a condom of any style or brand thought to bringextra satisfaction to the female partner West Indian and UK blackusageJAMAICA , 2002.2an armed guard on a vehicleUS , 1991

rough ridingnounsexual intercourse without the protection of acondomUK , 1961

rough stuffnoun1violent or sadistic sexual behaviourUS , 1925.

2marijuana that contains unusable detritusUS , 1972

rough tradenouna tough, often sadistic male homosexual,especially as a casual sex-partnerUS , 1927

rough tripnounan unpleasant experience with LSD or anotherhallucinogenUK , 1983

rough trotnouna difficult periodAUSTRALIA , 1944

rough upverbto beat or intimidate someone; to facilitate a streetrobbery with violenceUS , 1996

roughynouna manual labourer in a carnivalUS , 1966

roundnounan ejaculationTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 2003

roundverbto make the roundsUS , 1961

roundabout; roundernouna conditional bet on three selectionsUK , 2001

round-brownnounthe anusUS , 1972

roundernoun1a migratory, transient worker, especially one living onthe edges of legality Originally applied to railway workersUS , 1908.

2a street criminalCANADA , 1987.3a prisoner associated with ditional Italian-American organised crimeUS , 1992.4a highly skilledprofessional poker player who travels and plays less skilled players

tra-US , 1979

roundersnounconfusing talkTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO , 1977 8see:ROUNDTHE HOUSES

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