Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy 4th edition - part 5 doc

It extends branchless from the bifurcation of the common carotid to the base of the skull where it extends through the carotid canal up to its terminal division into the anterior and mid

Trang 1

1 Lingual artery.A lingualis Second anterior

branch of external carotid artery It is covered

by the hyoglossus muscle and passes laterally

into the tongue A B C

2 Suprahyoid branch of lingual artery.Ramus

suprahyoideus It anastomoses at the hyoid

bone with the infrahyoid branch and the

branch from the opposite side B

3 Sublingual artery.A sublingualis Arising at

the anterior margin of the hyoglossus, it passes

between the mylohyoid and the sublingual

gland and extends up to the gingiva B

4 Rami dorsales linguae.Dorsal lingual branches

of lingual artery that supply the base of the

tongue B

5 Deep lingual artery.A profunda linguae As

the main branch of the lingual artery, it passes

between the genioglossus and inferior

longi-tudinal muscles of the tongue to the apex of the

tongue and anastomoses with the artery from

the opposite side B

6 Linguofacial trunk [Truncus linguofacialis]

Occasionally present common trunk of lingual

and facial arteries A

7 Facial artery.A facialis Third anterior branch

of external carotid artery It runs below the

sty-loyoid muscle, first upward, then laterad, and

crosses the mandible at the anterior margin of

the masseter A B C

8 Ascending palatine artery.A palatina

ascen-dens Arising from the proximal portion of the

facial artery, it passes medial to the

styloglos-sus muscle at the lateral wall of the pharynx to

supply the palatal arches and adjacent

muscu-lature, often also the tonsils from above It and

the ascending pharyngeal artery can replace

each other C

9 Tonsillar branch Ramus tonsillaris Branch

frequently arising from the ascending palatine

artery and supplying the palatine tonsils C

10 Submental artery A submentalis It lies

caudal to the mylohyoid muscle and supplies

mainly this muscle and the submandibular

gland It anastomoses with the sublingual

artery C

11 Glandular branches.Rami glandulares Direct

branches for the submandibular gland C

12 Inferior labial artery.A labialis inferior Artery

for the lower lip situated between the muscle

and the mucosa It anastomoses with the

sub-mental and sub-mental arteries as well as the

artery of the opposite side C

13 Superior labial artery A labialis superior

Artery for the upper lip situated between the

muscle and mucosa It anastomoses with the

transverse facial and infra-orbital arteries as

well as the artery of the opposite side C

13 a Nasal septal branch Ramus septi nasi It

con-nects with the cavernous body of the septum

(Kiesselbach’s area) C

13 b Lateral nasal branch Ramus lateralis nasi Itsupplies the base of the nasal ala C

14 Angular artery.A angularis Terminal branch

of facial artery It anastomoses with the thalmic artery C

oph-15 Occipital artery.A occipitalis Second dorsalbranch of external carotid artery It passes me-dial to the mastoid process at the occiput andanastomoses with the superficial temporal,vertebral, deep cervical and posterior auriculararteries C D

16 Mastoid branch of occipital artery.Ramusmastoideus It passes through the mastoidforamen to the diploë and dura It also suppliesmastoid cells C

17 Auricular branch of occipital artery.Ramusauricularis It passes beneath the sternoclei-domastoid muscle and runs obliquely behindthe pinna C

18 Sternocleidomastoid branch Ramus cleidomastoidei Small branches of occipitalartery that supply the sternocleidomastoidmuscle C

sterno-19 Meningeal branch [Ramus meningeus] constant branch of the occipital artery that oc-casionally passes through the parietal foramenand supplies the dura mater C

In-20 Occipital branches.Rami occipitales Usuallyvery tortuous branches of occipital artery thatpenetrate the trapezius and supply the occiput C

21 Descending branch of occipital artery.Ramusdescendens It passes beneath the spleniuscapitis to supply the muscles there C

22 Posterior auricular artery.A auricularis rior Third dorsal branch of external carotidartery It lies under the parotid gland on the sty-loid process between the mastoid process andthe ear C D

poste-23 Stylomastoid artery.A stylomastoidea der companion artery of facial nerve It courseswith it through the stylomastoid foramen to thehiatus of the canal for the greater petrosal nerve,and then into the middle and inner ear D

Slen-24 Posterior tympanic artery.A tympanica rior It passes with the chorda tympani from thefacial canal to the tympanic membrane D

poste-25 Mastoid branches Rami mastoidei Branches

of posterior tympanic artery that supply themastoid cells D

26 Stapedial branch [Ramus stapedialis] Slender

branch that supplies the stapedial muscle

27 Auricular branch.Ramus auricularis It suppliesthe posterior side of the pinna with perforatingbranches as well as the anterior side and thesmall auricular muscles D

28 Occipital branch.Ramus occipitalis Branch thatcourses above the mastoid process and anasto-moses with the occipital artery D

28 a Parotid branch Ramus parotideus It suppliesthe parotid gland D

Arteries

Trang 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

10

715

1816

1420

1722

9

111

13a13b

13

4

53

2

1

7194.17

1194.96

Trang 3

1 Superficial temporal artery.A temporalis

su-perficialis One of two terminal branches of the

external carotid artery It passes upward in front

of the pinna accompanied by the

auriculotem-poral nerve A B

2 Parotid branch.Ramus parotideus It supplies

the parotid gland A

3 Transverse facial artery.A transversa faciei

(facialis) Branch that is covered by the parotid

gland and passes below the zygomatic arch to

the cheek A

4 Anterior auricular branches.Rami auriculares

anteriores Several small branches to the pinna

and the external acoustic meatus A

5 Zygomatico-orbital artery A

zygomatico-orbitalis It passes above the zygomatic arch to

the lateral margin of the orbit A

6 Middle temporal artery.A temporalis media It

passes above the zygomatic arch beneath the

temporalis muscle A

7 Frontal branch Ramus frontalis Anterior

branch of superficial temporal artery It

anasto-moses with its counterpart from the opposite

side as well as with the supra-orbital and

su-pratrochlear arteries from the internal carotid

A

8 Parietal branch Ramus parietalis Posterior

branch of superficial temporal artery It

anasto-moses with its counterpart from the opposite

side as well as with the posterior auricular and

occipital arteries A

9 Maxillary artery.A maxillaris Larger terminal

branch of external carotid artery It arises

beneath the temporomandibular joint, passes

lateral or medial to the lateral pterygoid muscle

and ramifies in the pterygopalatine fossa A B

10 Deep auricular artery.A auricularis profunda

It passes backward and upward to the

temporo-mandibular joint, external acoustic meatus and

tympanic membrane B

11 Anterior tympanic artery.A tympanica

ante-rior Accompanied by the chorda tympani, it

passes through the petrotympanic fissure into

the tympanic cavity B

12 Inferior alveolar artery.A alveolaris inferior It

passes between the medial pterygoid muscle

and mandibular ramus into the mandibular

canal up to the mental foramen B

13 Dental rami Rami dentales Branches to roots

of the teeth B

13 a Peridental branches Rami peridentales.

14 Mylohyoid branch Ramus mylohyoideus.

Branch that exits in front of the mandibular

canal and accompanies the mylohyoid nerve in

the mylohyoid groove; it runs anteriorly

beneath the mylohyoid muscle and

anasto-moses with the submental artery B

15 Mental branch Ramus mentalis Terminal

branch of inferior alveolar artery It supplies the

chin B

16 Middle meningeal artery.A meningea media

It passes medial to the lateral pterygoid muscleand through the foramen spinosum into themiddle cranial fossa where it ramifies B C

17 Accessory ramus Ramus accessorius

Acces-sory branch from the middle meningeal artery

or from the maxillary artery that extends to theadjacent muscles, the auditory tube andthrough the foramen ovale to the dura up to thetrigeminal (semilunar) ganglion B

18 Petrosal branch Ramus petrosus Small

branch that arises directly after the entrance ofthe middle meningeal artery into the cranialcavity and anastomoses with the stylomastoidartery via the hiatus of the canal for the greaterpetrosal nerve C

19 Superior tympanic artery A tympanica

su-perior It arises close to the petrosal branch andpasses into the tympanic cavity with the lesserpetrosal nerve C

20 Frontal branch Ramus frontalis Anterior,

large terminal branch in the cranium It lies in abony groove often closed to form a canal C

21 Parietal branch Ramus parietalis Terminal

branch passing to the posterior half of thecranium C

22 Orbital branch Ramus orbitalis It runs

through the superior orbital fissure in thedirection of the lacrimal gland C

23 Anastomotic branch connecting the orbital branch and the lacrimal artery Ramus anas-

tomoticus [[cum a lacrimalis]] C

23 a Pterygomeningeal artery A meningea Artery that supplies the pterygoidmuscles, the tensor veli palatini, and the audi-tory tube; it emerges from the maxillary andmiddle meningeal arteries and passes throughthe foramen ovale to the trigeminal ganglionand the dura mater

pterygo-24 Masseteric artery.A masseterica Artery thatsupplies the masseter muscle passing laterallythrough the mandibular notch B

25 Anterior deep temporal artery.A temporalisprofunda anterior Artery passing upwards intothe temporalis muscle B

25 a Posterior temporal artery A temporalis erior

post-26 Pterygoid branches. Rami pterygoidei.Branches that supply the pterygoid muscles B

27 Buccal artery.A buccalis Artery that passesdownward and forward onto the buccinatormuscle to supply the cheek and gingiva B

28 Posterior superior alveolar artery.A olaris superior posterior It passes posteriorlyinto the maxilla and the maxillary sinus andsupplies the upper molar teeth and their ging-iva B

alve-29 Dental branches Rami dentales They supply

the maxillary molars B

29 aPeridental branches Rami peridentales.

Arteries

Trang 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

20

22

2123

19

1816

19

16 1711

25

2829

24

2627

13 1512

Trang 5

1 Infraorbital artery.A infraorbitalis Terminal

branch of maxillary artery It passes to the face

via the inferior orbital fissure, groove and canal

A

2 Anterior superior alveolar arteries Aa

alve-olares superiores anteriores They leave the

in-fraorbital artery in the inin-fraorbital canal and

pass through bone to the anterior teeth A

3 Dental branches Rami dentales Terminal

branches passing to the teeth A

3 aPeridental branches Rami peridentales.

4 Artery of pterygoid canal.A canalis

ptery-goidei It traverses the pterygoid canal and

passes posteriorly to the auditory tube and its

environment A B

4 aPharyngeal branch. Ramus pharyngeus

Branch to the pharyngeal mucosa

5 Descending palatine artery.A palatina

de-scendens It descends through the greater

palatine canal A B

6 Greater palatine artery A palatina major It

passes through the greater palatine foramen to

the anterior palate and the neighboring

ging-iva B

7 Lesser palatine arteries. Aa palatinae

minores They leave the greater palatine artery

and canal and pass through the lesser palatine

foramina to the soft palate B

7 aPharyngeal branch. Ramus pharyngeus

Branch that supplies the pharyngeal mucosa up

to the level of the tonsil and gingiva

8 Sphenopalatine artery.A sphenopalatina It

passes through the sphenopalatine foramen

into the nasal cavity B

9 Lateral posterior nasal branches Aa nasales

posteriores laterales As the terminal branches

of the sphenopalatine artery, they supply the

nasal cavity laterally and posteriorly B

9 aPosterior septal branches Rami septales

posteriores Branches of the sphenopalatine

artery that supply the posteroinferior part of

the nasal septum B

10 INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY (ICA) Arteria

carotis interna It extends branchless from the

bifurcation of the common carotid to the base

of the skull where it extends through the

carotid canal up to its terminal division into the

anterior and middle cerebral arteries B C

11 Cervical part of internal carotid artery.Pars

cervicalis Branchless segment that extends up

to the site where it enters the carotid canal in

the petrous part of the temporal bone B C

12 Carotid sinus.Sinus caroticus It is occasionally

displaced from the end of the common carotid

artery (p 194.8) to the beginning of the

inter-nal carotid Site of baroreceptors B

13 Petrous part of internal carotid artery.Pars

petrosa Segment coursing through the carotid

canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone

C

14 Caroticotympanic arteries Aa

caroticotym-panicae Slender arteries extending from thecarotid canal to the tympanic cavity C

15 Pterygoid branch. Ramus pterygoideus.Branch that accompanies the nerve of the pter-ygoid canal in the lateral wall of the sphenoidsinus C

16 Cavernous part of internal carotid.Pars nosa Segment in the cavernous sinus; it ex-tends up to the vicinity of the optic canal C

caver-17 Basal tentorial branch Ramus basalis

ten-torii Branch of ICA that extends across thepetrosal ridge to the tentorium C

18 Marginal tentorial branch Ramus marginalis

tentorii Branch of ICA located near the torial notch C

ten-19 Meningeal branch Ramus meningeus Branch

of ICA that supplies the dura mater of themiddle cranial fossa C

20 Branch to trigeminal ganglion Ramus

gan-glionis trigeminalis C

21 Nerve branches Rami nervorum.

22 Cavernous sinus branch Ramus sinus

caver-nosi Twig from the cavernous part of the ICA C

23 Inferior hypophysial artery.A hypophysialisinferior It supplies the posterior lobe of the hy-pophysis C

24 Cerebral part of internal carotid artery.Parscerebralis As the terminal intradural segment,

it extends from the exit of the ophthalmicartery at the last bend of the carotid up to theterminal branches that form the anterior andmiddle cerebral arteries C

25 Superior hypophysial artery.A hypophysialissuperior It supplies the hypophysial stalk, in-fundibulum and part of the lower hy-pothalamus C

26 Clival branch Ramus clivi Branch that

sup-plies the clivus CArteries

Trang 6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

1115

2026

23222119

10

4

765

202.16b

99a98

12

11

4

51

31

2Infraorbital artery

A

Lateral nasal artery

B

Branches of internal carotid artery

C

Trang 7

1 Ophthalmic artery A ophthalmica It passes

from the anterior convex arch of the internal

carotid artery through the optic canal into the

orbit accompanied by the optic nerve A

2 Central retinal artery.A centralis retinae It

passes into the optic nerve from below about

1 mm behind the eyeball Distribution: internal

layers of the retina A

3 Lacrimal artery.A lacrimalis Exits lateral to the

ophthalmic artery and passes to the lacrimal

gland along the upper margin of the lateral rectus

muscle A

4 Anastomotic branch [with middle meningeal

artery].Ramus anastomoticus [cum a meningea

media] Branch that anastomoses with the orbital

branch of the middle meningeal artery It

oc-casionally replaces the ophthalmic artery A

5 Lateral palpebral arteries. Aa palpebrales

laterales They arises from the lacrimal artery and

pass lateral to the eyelids A B

5 aRecurrent meningeal branch.Ramus

mening-eus recurrens Branch of the lacrimal artery that

runs through the superior orbital fissure into the

cranial cavity It anastomoses with the

anasto-motic branch

6 Short posterior ciliary arteries.Aa ciliares

post-eriores breves 10−15 arteries which penetrate

the sclera circumferentially around the optic

nerve and supply the choroid A

7 Long posterior ciliary arteries.Aa ciliares

poste-riores longae Lateral and medial arteries which

pass between the sclera and choroid to the ciliary

body A B

8 Muscular arteries.Branches that supply the eye

muscles

9 Anterior ciliary arteries.Aa ciliares anteriores

They arise from the lacrimal artery or muscular

branches, penetrate the sclera and supply the

choroid and ciliary body A B

10 Anterior conjunctival arteries Aa

conjuncti-vales anteriores Branches arising from the

ante-rior ciliary arteries and supplying the

conjunc-tivae B

11 Posterior conjunctival arteries.Aa

conjuncti-vales posteriores They arise from the lacrimal

and supraorbital arteries A

12 Episcleral arteries.Aa episclerales Twigs of the

anterior ciliary arteries situated on the sclera B

13 Supraorbital artery A supraorbitalis [[a

frontalis lat.]] It passes below the roof of the orbit

and through the supraorbital notch to the

fore-head A B

13 a Diploic branch. Ramus diploicus Branch to

bone

14 Posterior ethmoidal artery.A ethmoidalis

post-erior It passes below the superior oblique muscle

and through the posterior ethmoidal foramen to

the posterior ethmoidal air cells and the posterior

part of the nasal cavity A

15 Anterior ethmoidal artery.A ethmoidalis

ante-rior It passes upward through the anterior

eth-moidal foramen into the anterior cranial fossa

and through the cribriform plate into the nasal

cavity and frontal sinus as well as the anterior

ethmoidal cells A

16 Anterior meningeal branch.Ramus meningeusanterior Branch from the part of the anterior eth-moidal artery lying in the cranial fossa It suppliesthe dura A

16 a Anterior septal branches.Rami septales ores Branches that extend from the anterior eth-moidal artery to the upper portion of the nasalseptum

anteri-16 b Lateral anterior nasal branches.Rami nasalesanteriores lateralis Branches of the anterior eth-moidal artery that extend to the upper lateralwall of the nasal septum and the anterior upperethmoidal air cells See p 201 B

17 Medial palpebral arteries.Aa palpebrales ales Paired arteries for each eyelid, upper andlower They arise from the ophthalmic artery andanastomose with the lateral palpebral artery viathe superior and inferior palpebral arches A B

medi-18 Superior palpebral arch.Arcus palpebralis perior Connects the medial and lateral palpebralarteries superiorly on the tarsal plate B

su-19 Inferior palpebral arch.Arcus palpebralis rior Connects the medial and lateral palpebral ar-teries inferiorly on the tarsal plate B

infe-20 Supratrochlear artery.A supratrochlearis [[a.frontalis med.]] Terminal branch of the ophthal-mic artery which passes through the frontalnotch to the forehead Anastomoses with thecontralateral, supraorbital and superficial tem-poral arteries A B

21 Dorsal nasal artery.A dorsalis nasi (a nasi terna) It penetrates the orbicularis oculi andpasses downward to the bridge of the nose Anas-tomoses with the facial artery A B

ex-22 Anterior choroidal artery [[AChA]] Arteriachoroidea anterior Usually arises from the inter-nal carotid artery It follows the optic tract andenters the choroid plexus of the inferior horn ofthe lateral ventricle, where it occasionally passes

up to the interventricular foramen C D

23 Choroidal branches of lateral ventricle.Ramichoroidei ventriculi lateralis Branches thatsupply the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle

C D

24 Choroidal branches to third ventricle Ramichoroidei ventriculi tertii Branches that supplythe choroid plexus of the third ventricle C

25 Branches to anterior perforated substance.Rami substantiae perforatae anterioris AChAbranches that supply internal capsule D

26 Branches of optic tract Rami tractus optici.Branches to the AchA that supply the optic tract.D

27 Branches to lateral geniculate body.Rami poris geniculati lateralis AChA branches thatsupply the lateral genticulate body D

cor-28 Branches to internal capsule.Rami capsulae ternae AChA branches that supply the posteriorpart of the internal capsule

in-29 Branches to globus pallidus.Rami globi pallidi.AChA branches that supply the globus pallidus

30 Branches to tail of caudate nucleus Ramicaudae nuclei caudati AChA branches that supplythe tail of the caudate nucleus

31 Branches to tuber cinereum.Rami tuberis erei AChA branches that supply the tuber cin-ereum D

cin-Arteries

Trang 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

3433

31

2625

2723

5

19

712

9 10

1

521

16

7

111320

Ophthalmic artery

Anterior choroidal artery

from above

from below

D

32 Branches to hypothalamic nuclei Rami

nu-cleorum hypothalamicorum AChA branches that

supply the hypothalamic nuclei

33 Branches to substantia nigra.Rami substantiae

34 Branches to red nucleus.Rami nuclei rubri AChAbranches that pass through the crus cerebri andsupply the red nucleus D

35 Branches to amygdaloid body.Rami corporis

Trang 9

1 Anterior cerebral artery.A cerebri anterior.

One of the two terminal arteries of the internal

carotid artery It runs posteriorly above the

cor-pus callosum and supplies the greater part of

the medial surface of the cerebrum A

2 Precommunical part Pars precommunicalis

Portion of the anterior cerebral artery proximal

to the anterior communicating branch A

3 Anteromedial central arteries (anteromedial

thalamostriate arteries) Aa centrales

an-teromediales (aa thalamostriatae

anterome-diales) Branches arising from the anterior

cere-bral arteries and passing into the thalamus and

curpus striatum from below A

4 Short central artery.A centralis brevis Short

branch of anterior cerebral artery passing into

the cerebrum A

5 Long central artery (recurrent artery) A

centralis longa (a recurrens) [[Heubner]]

Ret-rograde branch that runs parallel to the

ante-rior cerebral artery It penetrates the anteante-rior

perforated substance and supplies the middle

and lateral parts of the lentiform nucleus, the

head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior

limb of the internal capsule A

6 Anterior communicating artery.A

communi-cans anterior Unpaired connection between

the right and left anterior cerebral arteries A

7 Anteromedial central branches Rami

cen-trales anteromediales Anteromedial central

branches that penetrate uniformly into the

cerebral substance A

8 Postcommunical part of anterior cerebral

artery.Pars postcommunicalis (r pericallosa)

The part distal to the anterior communicating

artery B

9 Medial frontobasal artery (medial

orbito-frontalis branch).A frontobasalis medialis (r

orbitofrontalis medialis) Branch to the lower

surface of the frontal lobe B

10 Callosomarginal artery.A callosomarginalis

Segment of the anterior cerebral artery located

in the sulcus of the corpus callosum B

11 Anteromedial frontal branch. Ramus

frontalis anteromedialis Branch to the lower

half of the medial side of the frontal lobe B

12 Mediomedial frontal branch Ramus frontalis

mediomedialis Branch to the middle portion of

the medial side of the frontal lobe B

13 Posteromedial frontal branch. Ramus

frontalis posteromedialis Branch to the

poste-rior portion of the medial surface of the frontal

lobe B

14 Cingular branch Ramus cingularis Branch

that supplies the cingulate sulcus B

15 Paracentral artery.A paracentralis Branch of

the anterior cerebral artery that supplies the

area behind the central sulcus B

16 Precuneal artery.A precunealis It supplies the

region in front of the cuneus B

17 Parieto-occipital artery.A parieto-occipitalis.Branch of the anterior cerebral artery that sup-plies the parieto-occipital sulcus B

18 Middle cerebral artery.A cerebri media ond terminal branch of internal carotid artery

Sec-It lodges in the lateral sulcus between the tal and temporal lobes and supplies the greaterpart of the lateral cerebral surface A

fron-19 Sphenoidal part.Pars sphenoidalis First part

of the middle cerebral artery It takes a tal course somewhat parallel to the lesser wing

horizon-of the sphenoid bone A

20 Anterolateral central arteries Aa centralesanterolaterales (aa thalamostriatae anter-olaterales) Branches that penetrate the ante-rior perforated substance

21 Medial branches Rami mediales They pass

through the lentiform nucleus to the caudatenucleus and internal capsule A

22 Lateral branches Rami laterales They course

laterally around the lentiform nucleus to theinternal capsule and caudate nucleus A

23 Insular part.Pars insularis Collective term forbranches of the middle cerebral artery thatsupply the insula D

24 Insular arteries.Aa insulares Branches thatsupply the insula D

25 Lateral frontobasal artery A frontobasalislateralis (ramus orbitofrontalis lateralis).Branch that supplies the lateroinferior frontallobe C D

26 Anterior temporal artery.A temporalis rior Branch that supplies the frontal end of thetwo upper temporal gyri C D

ante-27 Middle temporal artery.A temporalis media.Branch supplying the middle portion of thetemporal lobe C D

28 Posterior temporal artery.A temporalis erior Branch supplying the posterior portion ofthe temporal lobe C D

post-29 Terminal part.Pars terminalis (pars corticalis).Terminal ramifications of the middle cerebralartery

30 Artery of central sulcus.A sulci centralis C D

31 Artery of precentral sulcus A sulci centralis C D

pre-32 Artery of postcentral sulcus A sulci centralis C D

post-33 Anterior and posterior parietal arteries.Aa.parietales anterior et posterior Branches thatsupply the parietal lobe C D

34 Artery of angular gyrus.A gyri angularis C DArteries

Trang 10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

2726

21; 2219

Anterior and middle cerrebral arteries

Trang 11

1 SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY Arteria subclavia It

lodges between the scalenus anterior and

me-dius in the groove for the subclavian artery on

the 1strib At the lateral margin of the 1strib it

continues as the axillary artery A

2 Vertebral artery.A vertebralis It originates

be-hind the scalenus anterior, passes through the

foramina transversaria cranially from C6−C1,

and then, after proceeding over the arch of the

atlas behind its lateral mass, runs anteriorly

through the posterior atlanto-occipital

mem-brane and the foramen magnum into the cranial

cavity A B D

3 Prevertebral part of vertebral artery.Pars

pre-vertebralis This short segment lies in front of the

entrance into the foramen transversarium of C6

A

4 Vertebral part of vertebral artery.Pars

trans-versaria (cervicalis) It ascends through the

foramina transversia of C6 to C1 A

5 Spinal branches.Rami spinales (radiculares)

Branches passing with the spinal nerves to

supply the spinal cord, the meningeal coverings

of the spinal cord and the vertebral bodies A

6 Muscular branches Rami musculares They

supply the surrounding muscles A

7 Atlantal (suboccipital) part.Pars atlantica

Por-tion of the vertebral artery that winds around the

atlas and occupies the suboccipital triangle A

8 Intracranial part of vertebral artery.Pars

in-tracranialis It lies within the cranium A

9 Anterior meningeal branch.Ramus meningeus

[anterior] Branch at the anterior circumference

of the foramen magnum It supplies bone and

dura A

10 Posterior meningeal branch.Ramus

mening-eus [posterior] Branch at the posterior

cir-cumference of the foramen magnum It supplies

bone and dura A

11 Anterior spinal artery.A spinalis anterior The

right and left arteries join to form an unpaired

vessel in the anterior median fissure of the spinal

cord A B

12 Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA).A

inferior posterior cerebelli It mainly supplies

the lower posterior portion of the cerebellum A

B D

13 Choroid branch of PICA.Ramus choroideus

ventriculi quarti It supplies the choroid plexus

of the fourth ventricle

14 Tonsillar branch of PICA.Ramus tonsillae

belli Branch that supplies the tonsil of the

cere-bellum

15 Medial and lateral medullary branches of

PICA.Rami medullares medialis et lateralis

Branches that supply the medulla oblongata and

the inferior cerebellar peduncle

16 Posterior spinal artery.A spinalis posterior

Slender longitudinal vessel, occasionally paired,

behind the spinal cord It arises intracranially

from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery or

the vertebral artery B D

17 Basilar artery.A basilaris Unpaired, thick trunkthat extends from the right and left vertebral ar-teries to its termination as the posterior cerebralarteries A B D

18 Anterior inferior cerebellar artery.A inferioranterior cerebelli It supplies the anterior part ofthe inferior surface of the cerebellum B D

19 Labyrinthine artery A labyrinthi [ramus

mea-tus acustici interni] Branch of the anterior rior cerebral artery (or basilar artery) that ac-companies the vestibulocochlear nerve into theinner ear B D

infe-20 Pontine arteries Aa pontis Branches thatsupply the pons B D

21 Mesencephalic arteries.Aa mesencephalicae

22 Superior cerebellar artery.A superior belli It passes around the mesencephalon andthrough the cisterna ambiens to the surface ofthe cerebellum below the tentorium B D

cere-23 Posterior cerebral artery.A cerebri posterior.Terminal branch of basilar artery It supplies theoccipital lobe and 2/3 of the temporal lobe of thecerebrum B C D

24 Precommunical part of posterior cerebralartery Pars precommunicalis Short trunkwhich extends up to the entrance of the poste-rior communicating artery B

25 Posteromedial central arteries.Aa centralesposteromediales Branches in the posterior per-forated substance that supply the thalamus,lateral wall of third ventricle and globus pallidus.B

26 Postcommunical part of posterior cerebralartery.Pars postcommunicalis It is that portionfollowing the posterior communicating artery Itcurves around the mesencephalon and passesthrough the cisterna ambiens and tentorialnotch to the inferior surface of the cerebrum B

27 Posterolateral central arteries.Aa centralesposterolaterales Individual branches thatsupply the posterior portion of the thalamus, thequadrigeminal plate, pineal body and the medialgeniculate body C

28 Thalamic branches.Rami thalamici Branches toposterior portion of thalamus C

29 Posteromedial choroid branches Ramichoroidei posteriores mediales Branches in theroof of the third ventricle C

30 Posterolateral choroid branches Ramichoroidei posteriores laterales Branches thatsupply the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle.C

31 Peduncular branches Rami pedunculares.Branches that supply the cerebral peduncles DArteries

Trang 12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

302923

31

1722

N III

18

N VI

1920

12216

28

29

302723

12911

162

N VI

N III

2023; 2426

2

1

11

1712

Posterior cerebral artery

Trang 13

1 Terminal portion of posterior cerebral artery.

Pars terminalis (corticalis) It supplies almost

ex-clusively the posterior cerebral cortex mainly at

the base of the brain

2 Lateral occipital artery.A occipitalis lateralis

Trunk for the three temporal lobe arteries A B

3 Anterior temporal branches Rami

6 Medial occipital artery.A occipitalis medialis

Twig for the sagittal surface of the posterior half

of the cerebrum A B

7 Dorsal branch to corpus callosum Ramus

corporis callosi dorsalis Small, short branch to

the splenium of the corpus callosum A

8 Parietal branch Ramus parietalis Anterior

branch to posterior portion of the parietal lobe A

9 Parieto-occipital branch Ramus

parieto-occipitalis It supplies the parieto-occipital

sul-cus A B

10 Calcarine branch Ramus calcarinus It

sup-plies the calcarine sulcus A B

11 Occipitotemporal branch Ramus

occipi-totemporalis Lower branch extending into the

temporal lobe A B

12 Cerebral arterial circle [[Circle of Willis]]

Cir-culus arteriosus cerebri [[Willisii]]

Anastomos-ing arterial circle between the main tributaries

of the cerebrum, i e., between the internal

carotid and the posterior cerebral arteries B C

13 Internal carotid artery.A carotis interna Main

anterior tributary in the cranial cavity B C

14 Anterior cerebral artery.A cerebri anterior

Anterior terminal branch of internal carotid

artery It supplies chiefly the greater portion of

the medial and orbital surfaces of the cerebrum

C

15 Anterior communicating artery A

com-municans anterior Anastomosis between right

and left anterior cerebral arteries C

16 Anteromedial central arteries Aa centrales

anteromediales Short branches penetrating

equally into the base of the brain C

17 Middle cerebral artery A cerebri media

Lateral terminal branch of internal carotid

artery It frequently gives off the posterior

com-municating artery C

18 Posterior communicating artery A

com-municans posterior Paired anastomoses

be-tween the internal carotid or middle cerebral

artery and the posterior cerebral artery A C

19 Chiasmatic branch Ramus chiasmaticus.

Branch to the optic chiasm C

20 Oculomotor nerve branch Ramus nervi

oculomotorii C

21 Thalamic branch Ramus thalamicus Long

branch which passes to the thalamus frombelow A C

22 Hypothalamic branch Ramus

hypothalami-cus Branch to the hypothalamus A C

23 Branch to tail of caudate nucleus Ramus

caudae nuclei caudati It is located medial to thechoroid fissure C

24 Posterior cerebral artery.A cerebri posterior.Paired terminal branch of basilar artery Sincethe latter is formed by the union of the right andleft vertebral arteries, this produces a stronganastomosis of both vertebral arteries A CArteries

Trang 14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

14

13 17

23

201819

162122

11543

22418

Trang 15

1 Internal thoracic [[mammary]] artery A.

thoracica interna [[a mammaria interna]] It

arises from the subclavian artery and descends

along the anterior, inner surface of the thorax as

far as the diaphragm A B

2 Mediastinal branches Rami mediastinales

Branches that supply the mediastinum B

3 Thymic branches.Rami thymici Branches that

supply the thymus B

4 Bronchial branches [Rami bronchiales]

Branches to the bronchi B

4 a Tracheal branches [Rami tracheales] Branches

to the trachea

5 Pericardiophrenic artery A

pericardiaco-phrenica Accompanies the phrenic nerve and

supplies the pericardium and the diaphragm B

6 Sternal branches.Rami sternales Branches that

supply the sternum B

7 Perforating branches.Rami perforantes

Ves-sels that extend through intercostal spaces 1−6

to the surface of the thorax B

8 Medial mammary branches Rami mammarii

mediales Larger perforating branches that

supply the mammary gland B

9 Lateral costal branch.[Ramus costalis lateralis]

Normal variant Arises from the internal thoracic

artery and runs lateral and parallel to it B

10 Anterior intercostal branches Rami

inter-costales anteriores Anterior tributaries in the

intercostal spaces B

11 Musculophrenic artery.A musculophrenica

Passing behind the costal arch, it gives off

addi-tional anterior intercostal branches from the 7th

intercostal space onward B

12 Superior epigastric artery.A epigastrica

su-perior Continuation of the internal thoracic

artery after entering the abdominal cavity

be-tween the sternal and costal parts of the

dia-phragm [[Larrey’s space = sternocostal triangle]]

B

13 Thyrocervical trunk.Truncus thyrocervicalis

Variably common stem of the inferior thyroid,

transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries A

B

14 Inferior thyroid artery.A thyroidea inferior It

passes along the anterior margin of the scalenus

anterior as far as the level of C6 and then behind

the common carotid artery to the thyroid gland

A B

15 Inferior laryngeal artery A laryngealis

infe-rior It passes upward behind the trachea,

pene-trates the inferior pharyngeal constrictor and

supplies part of the larynx A B

16 Glandular branches Rami glandulares They

supply the inferior and posterior surfaces of the

thyroid gland and the parathyroids via inferior

and ascending branches A

17 Pharyngeal branches Rami pharyngeales.

They supply the wall of the pharynx A B

18 Esophageal branches Rami oesophageales A

B

19 Tracheal branches Rami tracheales A B

20 Ascending cervical artery A cervicalis

ascen-dens It lies medial to the phrenic nerve and thescalenus anterior and can reach as far as the base

of the skull A B

21 Spinal branches Rami spinales They pass

through the intervertebral foramina to the nal cord A B

spi-22 Transverse cervical (colli) artery.A transversacervicis (colli) The vessel may vary greatly Thesecond most frequent variant (25%) is repre-sented here Originating usually (75%) from thesubclavian artery, it frequently passes throughthe brachial plexus, supplies the upper part ofthe trapezius with its branches and ramifiesalongside the dorsal scapular nerve A B

23 Superficial branch Ramus superficialis It

arises either as a superficial ramus from thetransverse cervical artery or as an independentsuperficial cervical artery from the thyrocervicaltrunk and passes beside the accessory nerve tothe descending part of the trapezius and the le-vator scapulae and splenius muscles A B

23 aAscending branch Ramus ascendens.

23 bDescending branch Ramus descendens.

24 Deep branch (dorsal scapular artery).

Ramus profundus (a dorsalis scapulae) Thisvessel arises either as a deep branch of the trans-verse cervical artery or directly from the sub-clavian artery (67%) and accompanies the dorsalscapular nerve It supplies the medial border ofthe scapula and adjacent muscles A B

24 a Dorsal scapular artery [A dorsalis scapulae].Old designation for the deep branch.Arteries

Trang 16

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

1520

2223

910

5

7

1211

6

8

171418

21

1424

191824

2320

1

161521

17

142213

Thyrocervical trunk

A

Internal thoracic [[mammary]]

artery and thyrocervical trunk

B

Trang 17

1 Suprascapular artery A suprascapularis.

Generally arises from the thyrocervical trunk,

crosses over the scalenus anterior, runs above

the superior transverse scapular ligament into

the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae and

anastomoses with the circumflex scapular

artery A

2 Acromial branch Ramus acromialis It

pene-trates the attachment of the trapezius and

passes to the acromion A

3 Costocervical trunk.Truncus costocervicalis

Origin: posterior wall of subclavian artery

be-hind the scalenus anterior B

4 Deep cervical artery.A cervicalis profunda It

courses posteriorly between the transverse

processes of C7 and T1, then upwards on the

semispinalis It supplies the nuchal

muscula-ture B

5 Highest intercostal artery.A intercostalis

su-prema Common trunk for the first two

inter-costal arteries B

6 First and second posterior intercostal

arter-ies. Aa intercostalis posterior prima et

secunda They pass in the first two intercostal

spaces, respectively B

7 Dorsal branches Rami dorsales Branches for

the muscles and skin of the back B

8 Spinal branches Rami spinales Branches to the

spinal cord via intervertebral foramina T1−2 B

ARTERIES OF THE UPPER LIMB.Arteriae

mem-bri superioris

9 Axillary Artery.Arteria axillaris Continuation

of the subclavian artery as far as the lower

margin of the pectoralis major A B

10 Subscapular branches Rami subscapulares

Individual branches to the subscapularis

muscle A

11 Superior thoracic artery.A thoracica superior

Variable branch to the subclavius, intercostals

1−2 and serratus anterior muscles A

12 Thoracoacromial artery.A thoracoacromialis

It arises at the upper margin of the pectoralis

minor and ramifies in all directions A

13 Acromial branch Ramus acromialis Branch

passing superolaterally through the deltoid

muscle to the acromion A

14 Acromial network Rete acromiale Arterial

network on the acromion A

15 Clavicular branch Ramus clavicularis Small

branch to the clavicle and the subclavius

muscle A

16 Deltoid branch Ramus deltoideus Branch

passing posterolaterally for the deltoid and

pectoralis major muscles A

17 Pectoral branches Rami pectorales Branches

passing inferiorly for the serratus anterior and

pectoral muscles A

18 Lateral thoracic artery.A thoracica lateralis It

passes downward at the lateral margin of the

pectoralis minor to supply the pectoral and

serratus anterior muscles A

19 Lateral mammary branches Rami mammarii

laterales A

20 Subscapular artery.A subscapularis Arises atthe lateral margin of the subscapularis muscleand supplies it, the latissimus dorsi and teresmajor muscles A

21 Thoracodorsal artery A thoracodorsalis.

Branch to the latissimus dorsi and teres major.A

22 Circumflex scapular artery A circumflexascapulae It passes through the triangularspace to the infraspinous fossa and anasto-moses with the suprascapular artery A

23 Anterior circumflex humeral artery.A cumflexa anterior humeri It arises below thelatissimus dorsi at the same level or deeperthan the posterior circumflex humeral arteryand passes in front of the surgical neck of thehumerus to the coracobrachialis and biceps Itanastomoses with the posterior circumflexhumeral artery A

cir-24 Posterior circumflex humeral artery.A cumflexa posterior humeri It passes with theaxillary nerve through the quadrangular space

cir-to the shoulder joint and the delcir-toid muscle Itanastomoses with the anterior circumflexhumeral, suprascapularis and thoracoacromialarteries A

25 Brachial artery.A brachialis It forms a tinuation of the axillary artery from the lowermargin of the pectoralis major in the medialbicipital groove up to its division into the radialand ulnar arteries A

con-26 Superficial brachial artery.[A brachialis perficialis] Anatomic variant in which thebrachial artery lies on the median nerve in-stead of below it A

su-27 Profunda brachii artery.A profunda brachii.Companion artery of the radial nerve in thegroove for the radial nerve A

28 Nutrient arteries of humerus Aa nutriciae

(nutrientes) humeri Branches to the bonemarrow of the humerus A

29 Deltoid branch Ramus deltoideus Branch

coursing laterally behind the humerus, then periorly and externally to the deltoid muscle A

su-30 Middle collateral artery A collateralis media.

It arises behind the humerus and descends tothe articular network of the elbow A

31 Radial collateral artery. A collateralisradialis It passes with the radial nerve to thearticular network of the elbow and gives off ananterior branch to the radial recurrent artery A

32 Superior ulnar collateral artery.A collateralisulnaris superior Often arising near the pro-funda brachii artery, it passes with the ulnarnerve to the articular network of the elbow A

33 Inferior ulnar collateral artery.A collateralisulnaris inferior Originating above the medialepicondyle of the humerus, it passes on thebrachialismuscleandthroughtheintermuscularseptum to the articular network of the elbow AArteries

Trang 18

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

43

210.13206.2194.6

867

5

9

6210.1

1152

15

11121813

10

19

1720

2221

1624

Trang 19

1 Radial artery.A radialis It begins at the division

of thebrachial arteryand courses on the pronator

teres, then lateral to the flexor carpi radialis

(where its pulsations are readily palpable) up to

the hand B

2 Radial recurrent artery.A recurrens radialis

Retrograde artery ascending medial to the radial

nerve to anastomose with the radial collateral

artery B

3 Palmar carpal branch.Ramus carpalis palmaris

Small branch at the distal margin of the pronator

quadratus It joins the carpal network B

4 Superficial palmar branch.Ramus palmaris

su-perficialis Small arterial branch coursing

through the thenar eminence to the superficial

palmar arch B

5 Dorsal carpal branch.Ramus carpalis dorsalis

Branch passing transversely across the dorsum

of the wrist below the long extensor tendons A

6 Dorsal carpal network Rete carpale dorsale.

Arterial network on the dorsum of the wrist A

7 Dorsal metacarpal arteries Aa metacarpales

dorsales Four arteries arising from the dorsal

carpal branch or the dorsal carpal network and

passing dorsally in the direction of the

interdigi-tal spaces A

8 Dorsal digital arteries Aa digitales dorsales.

Two short arteries arising from each of the dorsal

metacarpal arteries and supplying the dorsum of

the individual fingers A

9 Princeps pollicis artery.A princeps pollicis It

originates from the radial artery after its

en-trance into the 1stdorsal interosseus muscle and

divides at the flexor side of the thumb B

10 Radialis indicis artery A radialis indicis

Frequent branch of the princeps pollicis artery

the radial side of the index finger B

11 Deep palmar arch.Arcus palmaris profundus

Continuation of the radial artery beneath the

long flexor tendons In anastomoses with the

ulnar artery B

12 Palmar metacarpal arteries Aa metacarpales

palmares Small branches of the deep palmar

arch passing toward the interdigital spaces B

13 Perforating branches Rami perforantes

Anas-tomosewiththedorsalmetacarpalarteriesatthe

dorsum of the hand A B

14 Ulnar artery.A ulnaris Second terminal branch

of brachial artery It runs beneath the pronator

teres, then accompanies the flexor carpi ulnaris

to terminate as the superficial palmar arch B

15 Ulnar recurrent artery.A recurrens ulnaris

Retrograde branch of the ulnar (or brachial)

artery with the two branches listed below B

16 Anterior branch Ramus anterior It ascends

medial to the brachialis muscle to anastomose

with the inferior ulnar collateral artery B

17 Posterior branch Ramus posterior Together

withtheulnarnerveitascendsbehindthemedialepicondyle to anastomose with the articular net-work of the elbow and the superior ulnar col-lateral artery B

18 Articular network of elbow.Rete articulare biti Arterial plexus around the elbow joint, espe-cially behind it B

cu-19 Common interosseous artery.A interosseacommunis Short segment that extends from itsorigin from the ulnar artery to its division into theanterior and posterior interosseous arteries B

20 Posterior interosseous artery A interossea

posterior It passes between the interosseousmembraneandtheobliquecordtothedorsalsur-face and supplies the extensor muscles of theforearm A B

21 Recurrent interosseous artery A interossea

recurrens It passes deep to the anconeus muscle

to anastomose with the middle collateral artery.B

22 Anterior interosseous artery A interossea

anterior It runs on the interosseous membraneand then beneath the pronator quadratus toanastomose with the dorsal carpal network B

23 Accompanying artery of median nerve A

combi-tans nervi mediani Long, slender vessel (medianartery) which accompanies the median nerve B

24 Palmar carpal branch.Ramus carpalis palmaris.Branch distal to the pronator quadratus that sup-plies the wrist B

25 Dorsal carpal branch.Ramus carpalis dorsalis.Branch passing laterally around the wrist to thedorsal carpal network A B

26 Deep palmar branch.Ramus palmaris dus Weaker ulnar contributor to the deep pal-mar arch arising at the level of the pisiform bone.B

profun-27 Superficial palmar arch.Arcus palmaris ficialis It lies between the palmar aponeurosisand the long flexor tendons with the main influxfrom the ulnar artery It anastomoses with theradial artery B

super-28 Common palmar digital arteries Aa digitales

palmares communes Three to four arteries ning along the sides of the fingers, which theyprincipally supply B

run-29 Proper palmar digital arteries Aa digitales

pal-mares propriae Thick arteries on the ulnar andradial sides of each finger, palmar aspect BArteries

Trang 20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

14

1

29

1328

9

1012

27

26

11

2524

43

2322

B

Trang 21

1 DESCENDING AORTA.Pars descendens aortae.

Descending portion of the aorta beginning at the

isthmus of the arch of the aorta and terminating

at its bifurcation at the level of the body of L4

2 THORACIC AORTA.Pars thoracica aortae Part of

the descending aorta extending down to its

en-trance into the diaphragm A B

3 Bronchial branches.Rami bronchiales Their

origin is very variable but often at the level of the

bifurcation of the trachea They supply the

air-ways up to the respiratory bronchioles including

the interlobular connective tissue and the

visceral pleura A

4 Esophageal branches Rami oesophageales

Small branches to the esophagus A

5 Pericardial branches.Rami pericardiaci Small

branches to the posterior wall of the

peri-cardium A

6 Mediastinal branches Rami mediastinales

Numerous fine branches to the lymph nodes and

the connective tissue of the posterior

medi-astinum A

7 Superior phrenic arteries.Aa phrenicae

super-iores Small branches from the lower thoracic

aorta to the adjacent parts of the diaphragm A

8 Posterior intercostal arteries.Aa intercostales

posteriores Posterior supply of intercostal

spaces 3−9 A B

9 Dorsal branch Ramus dorsalis Posterior

branch for the supply of the muscles and skin of

the back B

10 Spinal branches Rami spinales Branches

pass-ing through the intervertebral foramina to

supply the spinal cord and its membranes B

10 a Postcentral branch Ramus postcentralis.

10 bPrelaminar branch Ramus praelaminaris.

10 c Posterior radicular artery A radicularis posterior.

10 dAnterior radicular artery A radicularis anterior.

10 e Segmental medullary artery A medullaris

segmentalis

11 Medial cutaneous branch Ramus cutaneus

medialis Branch that runs alongside the spinous

process to the skin B

12 Lateral cutaneous branch Ramus cutaneus

lateralis Branch of the dorsal ramus running

beneath the skin further laterally B

13 Collateral branch [[supracostal branch]].

Ramus collateralis [[ramus supracostalis]]

Branch arising in the vicinity of the costal angle

and running parallel to the intercostal artery It

proceeds anteriorly along the upper margin of

the next lowest rib and anastomoses with the

in-ternal thoracic artery A B

14 Lateral cutaneous branch Ramus cutaneus

lateralis Branch running laterally beneath the

skin and ramifying both anteriorly and

posteri-orly B

15 Lateral mammary branches Rami mammarii

laterales Branches from the lateral cutaneousbranches to the mammary gland B

16 Subcostal artery A subcostalis Segmentalarterial branch lying below the 12thrib It corre-sponds to an intercostal artery

17 Dorsal branch Ramus dorsalis It passes to the

muscles and skin of the back B

18 Spinal branch Ramus spinalis It passes

through the 12th intervertebral foramen tosupply the spinal cord and its membranes B

19 ABDOMINAL AORTA.Pars abdominalis aortae.Portion of the aorta extending from its entranceinto the diaphragm to its bifurcation at the level

of the body of L4 A

20 Inferior phrenic artery.A phrenica inferior.Paired arteries that supply the diaphragm, whichthey enter from below A

21 Superior suprarenal arteries.Aa suprarenales(adrenales) superiores Uppermost group ofthree suprarenal arteries A

22 Lumbar arteries.Aa lumbales Four segmentalarteries which correspond to the intercostal ar-teries A

23 Dorsal branch Ramus dorsalis Branch that

supplies the muscles of the back and the medialskin segments A

24 Spinal branch Ramus spinalis Branch passing

through the intervertebral foramen to supply thespinal cord and its membranes

25 Median sacral artery.A sacralis mediana Thinmedian continuation of the aorta A

26 Lowest lumbar arteries.Aa lumbales imae.Paired lateral branches of the median sacralartery They correspond to a 5thlumbar artery A

26 aLateral sacral branches Rami sacrales

later-ales They anastomose with the lateral sacral teries of the internal iliac artery

ar-27 Coccygeal body.Glomus coccygeum Mass taining arteriovenous anastomoses andepithelioid cells located at the end of the mediansacral artery in front of the tip of the coccyx A

con-28 Celiac trunk.Truncus coeliacus Common stem

of the left gastric, common hepatic and splenicarteries at the level of T12 A

29 Left gastric artery.A gastrica sinistra Artery cending in the left gastropancreatic fold to thecardiac portion of the stomach and continuingalong the lesser curvature A

as-30 Esophageal branches Rami oesophageales.

Small branches that supply the esophageal ment above the cardia of the stomach AArteries

Trang 22

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

9; 17828

19

2

3

64

57

13

8

302120

Trang 23

1 Common hepatic artery.A hepatica communis.

Branch of the celiac trunk (occasionally also the

superior mesenteric artery) passing to the right

side toward the liver and dividing into the

gastroduodenal artery and the hepatic artery

proper Besides supplying the liver, it also

par-tially supplies the stomach, duodenum and

pan-creas A C

2 Hepatic artery proper.A hepatica propria One

of the two terminal branches of the common

he-patic artery It passes into the liver A B C

3 Right gastric artery.A gastrica dextra It passes

to the upper margin of the pylorus, then along the

lesser curvature of the stomach to anastomose

with the left gastric artery A

4 Right branch of hepatic artery proper (right hepatic

artery).Ramus dexter It passes to the right side of

the hilum of the liver and supplies the right lobe

It frequently also arises from the superior

mesen-teric artery A B

5 Cystic artery.A cystica Originating from the

right branch of the hepatic artery proper, it

passes to the anterior and posterior surfaces of

the gallbladder A B

6 Artery to caudate lobe.A lobi caudati B

7 Anterior segmental artery.A segmenti anterioris

It supplies the anterior segment of the liver B

8 Posterior segmental artery.A segmenti

posteri-oris It supplies the posterior segment of the liver

B

9 Left branch of hepatic artery proper (left hepatic

artery.)Ramus sinister It supplies the left lobe of

the liver A B

10 Artery to caudate lobe.A lobi caudati B

11 Medial segmental artery.A segmenti medialis It

supplies the medial segment of the liver B

12 Lateral segmental artery.A segmenti lateralis It

supplies the lateral segment of the liver B

12 a Intermediate branch.Ramus intermedius It

sup-plies the quadrate lobe B

13 Gastroduodenal artery.A gastroduodenalis

Be-hind the lower margin of the pylorus, it divides

into an anterior supraduodenal artery and the

right gastro-omental artery A C

14 Supraduodenal artery.[A supraduodenalis]

In-constant first branch that supplies the anterior

2/3 and the posterior 1/3 of the duodenum

15 Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery.A

pacreaticoduodenalis superior posterior Arising

behind the pancreas it follows the duodenum

somewhat and anastomoses with the inferior

pancreaticoduodenal artery C

16 Pancreatic branches.Rami pancreatici Branches

to the head of the pancreas

17 Duodenal branches.Rami duodenales

18 Retroduodenal arteries. Aa retroduodenales

Branches of gastroduodenal artery that supply

posterior surface of duodenum and head of

pan-creas They cross over the bile duct and

con-tribute with a small vessel to its supply

19 Right gastro-omental [[gastroepiploic]] artery.A.gastro-omentalis dextra It originates at the level

of the inferior margin of the pylorus and, as thecontinuation of the gastroduodenal artery, passes

in the greater omentum different distances fromthe greater curvature of the stomach It anasto-moses with the left gastro-omental artery A C

20 Gastric branches.Rami gastrici Short branchesascending to the stomach A

21 Omental branches Rami omentales Longbranches that supply the greater omentum A

22 Anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery.A.pancreaticoduodenalis superior anterior Termi-nal branch that passes inferiorly on the pancreasand anastomoses to the inferior pancreati-coduodenal artery A C

23 Panreatic branches.Rami pancreatici A C

24 Duodenal branches.Rami duodenales A C

25 Splenic (lineal) artery A splenica (lienalis).Third branch of the celiac trunk It runs along theupper margin of the pancreas then through thesplenorenal ligament to the spleen C

26 Pancreatic branches.Rami pancreatici Numeroussmall and several large branches to pancreas A C

27 Dorsal pancreatic artery.A pancreatica dorsalis.Arising just at the beginning of the splenic artery,

it passes downward behind the neck of the creas partially embedded in pancreatic tissue C

pan-28 Inferior pancreatic artery.A pancreatica inferior.Branch of the dorsal pancreatic artery passingtoward the left to the lower posterior surface ofthe body of the pancreas C

28 aPrepancreatic artery.A praepancreatica mosis between the main branch of the dorsalpancreatic artery and the anterior superior pan-creaticoduodenal artery C

Anasto-29 A pancreatica magna.It passes from near themiddle of the splenic artery downward onto theposterior surface of the pancreas, which it sup-plies, and anastomoses with the inferior pan-ceatic artery C

30 Artery to tail of pancreas.A caudae pancreatis Itoriginates from the distal end of the splenicartery or from one of its terminal branches andanastomoses with the inferior pancreatic artery

in the tail of the pancreas C

31 Left gastro-omental (gastro-epiploic) artery. A.gastro-omentalis (epiploica) sinistra Arises fromthe gastrosplenic ligament, then passes in thegreater omentum to anastomose with the rightgastro-omental artery A C

32 Gastric branches.Rami gastrici Long branches tothe stomach

33 Omental branches Rami omentales Longbranches that supply the greater omentum A

34 Short gastric arteries.Aa gastrici breves Smallvessels from the splenic artery or its branchesthat mainly supply the fundus of the stomach A

35 Splenic branches. Rami splenici Five to sixbranches of the splenic artery arising in front ofthe entrance into the spleen A

35 aPosterior gastric artery. A gastrica posterior.Branch to the posterior wall of the stomach A

Arteries

Trang 24

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

13 27

25

31 3028

292619

28a

220.2b220.2a

2324

22

15

1062

78

5

491112a1211

26

35a

34

354

Trang 25

1 Superior mesenteric artery.A mesenterica

su-perior Unpaired branch of the aorta arising

about 1 cm below the celiac trunk It extends

from behind the pancreas to the uncinate

process and passes with its branches into the

mesentery and mesocolon A B

2 Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.A

pan-creaticoduodenalis inferior It arises behind the

pancreas and passes between the duodenum

and pancreas to anastomose with the superior

pancreaticoduodenal artery A

2 aAnterior branch Ramus anterior It

anasto-moses with the anterior superior

pancreati-coduodenal artery See p 219 C

2 bPosterior branch Ramus posterior It

anasto-moses with the posterior superior

pancreati-coduodenal artery See p 219 C

3 Jejunal branches Aa jejunales Branches

coursing in the mesentery to supply the

je-junum A

4 Ileal branches.Aa ileales Branches coursing in

the mesentery to supply the ileum A

5 Ileocolic artery.A ileocolica It passes in the

root of the mesentery downward and to the

right toward the ileocecal junction A

6 Colic branch. Ramus colicus Ascending

branch to the ascending colon It anastomoses

with the right colic artery A

7 Anterior cecal artery A caecalis (cecalis)

anterior It passes in the vascular cecal fold to

the anterior surface of the cecum A

8 A caecalis (cecalis) posterior It courses

be-hind the ileocecal junction to the posterior

sur-face of the cecum A

9 Appendicular artery A appendicularis It

ex-tends from behind the ileum to the free margin

of the meso-appendix It varies greatly in its

origin and is often doubled A

9 aIleal branch Ramus ilealis Descending branch

to the ileum It anastomoses with the

lower-most ileal artery A

10 Right colic artery A colica dextra It passes

retroperitoneally to the ascending colon

Anas-tomoses with the a scending branch of ileocolic

artery and middle colic artery A

10 a Artery to right colic flexure A flexura dextra

A

11 Middle colic artery.A colica media It passes in

the mesocolon to the transverse colon A

11 a Marginal colic artery [[of Drummond]] A

marginalis coli Anastomosis between the left

colic artery and the sigmoid arteries B

12 Inferior mesenteric artery.A mesenterica

in-ferior Arising at the level of L3−4, it passes to

the left to supply the descending colon,

sig-moid colon and rectum B

12 a Ascending [intermesenteric] artery A

ascen-dens [A intermesenterica] Anastomosis

be-tween the left colic artery and the middle colic

16 Middle suprarenal artery A suprarenalis(adrenalis) media It originates directly fromthe aorta and supplies the suprarenal gland C

17 Renal artery.A renalis It arises from the aorta

in front of L1 and divides into several brancheswhich enter the kidney C D

17 a Capsular arteries Aa capsulares (perirenales).C

18 Inferior suprarenal artery.A suprarenalis ferior Artery to the suprarenal gland C

in-19 Anterior branch.Ramus anterior It suppliesthe upper, anterior and lower segments of thekidney C D

20 Superior segmental artery A segmenti

su-perioris It supplies the upper segment of thekidney as far as the posterior surface C

21 Superior anterior segmental artery A.

segmenti anterioris superioris It supplies thesuperior anterior segment of the kidney C

22 Inferior anterior segmental artery. A.segmenti anterioris inferioris It supplies theinferior anterior segment of the kidney C

23 Inferior segmental artery A segmenti

inferi-oris It supplies the lower segment of the ney extending up to the posterior surface C

kid-24 Posterior branch.Ramus posterior It suppliesthe larger posterior segment of the kidney C D

25 Posterior segmental artery A segmenti

post-erioris It supplies the posterior segment of thekidney D

26 Ureteric branches Rami ureterici Smallbranches that supply the ureter C

Arteries

Định dạng
Số trang	51
Dung lượng	1,34 MB