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Tiêu đề Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy
Tác giả Feneis
Trường học Thieme
Chuyên ngành Human Anatomy
Thể loại Book
Năm xuất bản 2000
Thành phố Stuttgart
Định dạng
Số trang 51
Dung lượng 1,38 MB

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F Bones Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved.. 35 Facies anterior.Anterior surface of the patella.C Bones Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000

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1 Ischium.Os ischii Bone which forms the

poste-rior and infeposte-rior boundary of the obturator

foramen A B

2 Body of ischium.Corpus ossis ischii The

por-tion of the ischium situated behind the

obtura-tor foramen A B

3 Ramus of ischium.Ramus ossis ischii The

por-tion of the ischium situated below the

obtura-tor foramen The anterior end unites with the

inferior ramus of the pubis A B

4 Ischial tuberosity. Tuber ischiadicum

(ischiale) Ischial process at the lower end of

the lesser sciatic notch A B

5 Ischial spine.Spina ischiadica (ischialis) Bony

prominence between the greater and lesser

sci-atic notches B

6 Greater sciatic notch Incisura ischiadica

(ischialis) major Large notch between the

post-erior infpost-erior iliac spine and the ischial spine B

7 Lesser sciatic notch Incisura ischiadica

(ischialis) minor Notch between the ischial

spine and the ischial tuberosity B

8 Pubis.Os pubis Bone which forms the anterior

and inferior borders of the obturator foramen

A B

9 Body of the pubis.Corpus ossis pubis A B

10 Pubic tubercle Tuberculum pubicum

Pro-tuberance located anterolateral to the

symphy-sis A B

11 Symphyseal surface Facies symphysialis The

median surface of the symphysis facing the

contralateral pubis B

12 Pubic crest Crista pubica Ridge extending

medially from the pubic tubercle to the

sym-physis Attachment site of the rectus abdominis

muscle A B

13 Superior ramus of the pubis.Ramus superior

ossis pubis The part of the pubis situated above

the obturator foramen A B

14 Iliopubic (iliopectineal) eminence

Eminen-tia iliopubica [e iliopectinea] Flat prominence

at the proximal portion of the pubis A B

15 Pecten (pectineal line) of the pubis Pecten

ossis pubis Sharp, bony ridge which passes to

the pubic tubercle as a continuation of the

ar-cuate line Origin of the pectineus muscle A B

16 Obturator crest Crista obturatoria It extends

from the pubic tubercle to the acetabulum

Origin of the pubofemoral ligament A

17 Obturator groove Sulcus obturatorius Sulcus

above the obturator foramen A B

18 Anterior obturator tubercle Tuberculum

ob-turatorium anterius Small protuberance

ante-rior to the obturator groove A B

19 Posterior obturator tubercle [Tuberculum

obturatorium posterius] Prominence

occasion-ally present behind the obturator groove A B

20 Inferior ramus of pubis.Ramus inferior ossispubis The portion of the pubis located anter-oinferior the obturator foramen between thesymphysis and the suture line with theischium A B

21 PELVIS.Portion of the body located between thestomach and lower extremities, i.e., a bony ringcomprised of the sacrum, ilium, pubis andischium C D E F

21 a Pelvic cavity Cavitas pelvis (pelvica)

22 Pubic arch.Arcus pubis The arch below thesymphysis formed by the right and left pubicbones D

23 Subpubic angle Angulus subpubicus The

angle between the right and left inferior ramus

of the pubis (average of 75° in men and 90°−100° in women) C

24 Greater pelvis Pelvis major The space tween the two alae of the ilium above the lineaterminalis

be-25 Lesser pelvis.Pelvis minor The space belowthe linea terminalis

26 Terminal line.Linea terminalis Line extendingalong the arcuate line from the promontory tothe upper margin of the symphysis It marksthe boundary between the greater pelvis andlesser pelvis as well as the plane of the pelvicinlet C D E

27 Upper pelvic aperture (pelvic inlet).Aperturapelvis (pelvica) superior Upper opening of thelesser pelvis in the plane of the linea terminalis.D

28 Lower pelvic aperture (pelvic outlet).tura pelvis (pelvica) inferior Lower opening ofthe lesser pelvis between the coccyx, pubicarch and sacrotuberous ligaments F

Aper-29 Pelvic axis.Axis pelvis Imaginary line passingthrough all median connecting lines betweenthe symphysis and the anterior surface of thesacrum The fetal head follows its course duringbirth F

30 Conjugate diameter.Diameter conjugata teroposterior diameter of the pelvis, measuredfrom the sacral promontory to the posteriorsurface of the symphysis (about 11 cm) E F

An-31 Transverse diameter of pelvis.Diameter versa Widest part of the inlet (ca 13 cm) E

trans-32 Oblique diameter Diameter obliqua It ismeasured from the iliosacral joint obliquelyforward to the iliopubic eminence of the op-posite side (ca 12.5 cm) E

33 Pelvic inclination.Inclinatio pelvis The anglebetween the plane of the pelvic inlet and thehorizontal plane F

Bones

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Lower half of right hip bone,

external surface

internal surface B

Male pelvis, anterior view

Pelvis, superior view

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1 FREE LOWER LIMB.Pars libera membri inferioris.

2 Femur Thigh bone.(Os femoris) A B

3 Head of femur.Caput femoris A B

4 Pit (fovea) in the head of the femur Fovea

capitis femoris Depression for attachment of

the ligament of the head of the femur A B

5 Neck of femur.Collum femoris Portion of the

femur between the femoral head and greater

trochanter A B

6 Greater trochanter Trochanter major Large

prominence on the superolateral aspect of the

femur shaft for attachment of the gluteus

me-dius, gluteus minimus, and piriformis muscles

A B

7 Trochanteric fossa Fossa trochanterica

De-pression medial to the root of the greater

tro-chanter Origin of the internal obturator and

gemelli muscles A B

8 Lesser trochanter Trochanter minor Small

prominence on the posteromedial aspect of the

proximal femur shaft for attachment of the

il-iopsoas muscle A B

9 /Trochanter tertius}.Process occasionally

pre-sent posteriorly at the lateral end of the linea

aspera at the level of the lesser trochanter for

attachment of a part of the gluteus maximus B

10 Intertrochanteric line.Linea

intertrochanter-ica Rough anterior line between the shaft and

neck of the femur, extending from the greater

to the lesser trochanter A

10 a Quadrate tubercle Tuberculum quadratum

Rounded elevation on the intertrochanteric

crest B

11 Intertrochanteric crest.Crista

intertrochanter-ica Posterior bony ridge between the shaft and

neck of the femur, running from the greater to

the lesser trochanter B

12 Shaft of femur.Corpus femoris A B

13 Linea aspera Rough double line on the

poste-rior aspect of the femur for attachment of two

vasti muscles and the short head of the biceps

Insertion of the adductors, gluteus maximus,

and pectineus muscles B

14 Lateral lip of the linea aspera Labium laterale B

15 Medial lip of the linea aspera Labium mediale B

16 Pectineal line Linea pectinea Bony ridge

ex-tending downward from the lesser trochanter,

nearly reaching the linea aspera Gives

attach-ment to the pectineus muscle B

17 Gluteal tuberosity Tuberositas glutaealis.

Rough, oblong field continuous with the linea

aspera superolaterally Insertion of the gluteus

maximus B

18 Intercondylar fossa Fossa intercondylaris

Posterior notch between the femoral condyles B

19 Intercondylar line.Linea intercondylaris

Post-erior ridge between the roots of the condyles B

20 Popliteal surface Facies poplitea Triangular

field on the posterior aspect of the femur

be-tween the intercondylar line and the diverging

lips (supracondylar lines) of the linea aspera B

20 aMedial supracondylar line Linea

supracon-dylaris medialis Continuation of the medial lip

of the linea aspera toward the medial condyle.B

20 bLateral supracondylar line Linea

supracon-dylaris lateralis Continuation of the lateral lip

of the linea aspera toward the lateral condyle B

21 Medial condyle Condylus medialis Medialknee joint surface of the femur A B

22 Medial epicondyle Epicondylus medialis.

Bony elevation on the medial aspect of the dial condyle A B

me-23 Adductor tubercle Tuberculum adductorium.

Small process situated above the medial condyle for attachment of the adductor magnusmuscle A B

epi-24 Lateral condyle.Condylus lateralis Articularsurface of the femur on the lateral aspect of theknee joint A B

25 Lateral epicondyle Epicondylus lateralis.

Bony elevation on the lateral aspect of thelateral condyle A B

25 aGroove for popliteus. Sulcus popliteus.Groove between the lateral condyle and thelateral epicondyle B

26 Patellar surface.Facies patellaris Surface thatarticulates with the patella A

27 Tibia.C D

28 Superior articular surface.Facies articularissuperior Tibial articular surface of the kneejoint C D

29 Medial condyle.Condylus medialis Medial pansion at the proximal end of the tibia C D

ex-30 Lateral condyle.Condylus lateralis Lateral pansion at the proximal end of the tibia C D

ex-31 Articular facet for the fibula Facies

articu-laris fibuarticu-laris Articular surface for the head ofthe fibula on the posterolateral aspect of thelateral condyle C D

32 Anterior intercondylar area.Area laris anterior Area between the knee joint sur-faces of the tibia and in front of the intercondy-lar eminence C D

intercondy-33 Posterior intercondylar area.Area laris posterior The region between the kneejoint surfaces of the tibia and behind the inter-condylar eminence D

intercondy-34 Intercondylar eminence.Eminentia dylaris Bony elevation between the articularsurfaces of the tibia, for attachment of thecruciate ligaments and menisci C D

intercon-35 Medial intercondylar tubercle Tuberculum

intercondylare mediale Elevation of the medialarticular surface at the margin facing the inter-condylar eminence C D

36 Tuberculum intercondylare laterale

Eleva-tion of the lateral articular surface at the gin facing the intercondylar eminence C DBones

mar-Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme

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Head of right tibia, anterior view

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1 Shaft of tibia.Corpus tibiae (tibiale) A B D

2 Tibial tuberosity Tuberositas tibiae

Rough-ened area on the upper end of the anterior

mar-gin of the tibia Attachment site of the patellar

ligament A

3 Medial surface Facies medialis Surface of

tibia directed anteromedially A D

4 Posterior surface of tibia Facies posterior B

D

5 Soleal line of tibia Linea musculi solei Line

ex-tending obliquely from the upper, lateral part of

the tibia, downward and across to the medial

part, giving attachment to the soleus muscle B

6 Facies lateralis Lateral surface of tibia facing

anterolaterally A D

7 Medial (inner) margin Margo medialis A B D

8 Anterior margin Margo anterior A D

9 Interosseous margin. Margo interosseus

Border facing the fibula and providing

attach-ment to the interosseus membrane along most

of its margin A B D

10 Medial malleolus.Malleolus medialis A B

11 Malleolar groove Sulcus malleolaris Small

groove on the posterior aspect of the medial

malleolus for the tendon of the tibialis

poste-rior muscle B

12 Articular surface of malleolus Facies

articu-laris malleoli Lateral surface of the medial

mal-leolus facing the talus A B

13 Fibular notch.Incisura fibularis Depression on

the lateral surface of the distal end of the tibia

Articulates with the fibula B

14 Inferior articular surface.Facies articularis

in-ferior Inferior joint surface facing the talus A B

15 Fibula.A B D

16 Head of fibula.Caput fibulae (fibulare) The

proximal end of the fibula A B

17 Facies articularis capitis fibulae Articular

surface facing the tibia at the proximal end of

the fibula A B

18 Apex (styloid process) of head of fibula.

Apex capitis fibulae Upward pointing process

on the head of the fibula A B

19 Neck of fibula.Collum fibulae A

20 Shaft of fibula.Corpus fibulae A

21 Facies lateralis Lateral surface that faces

slightly upward A D

22 Facies medialis Medial surface between the

anterior and interosseous margins It faces the

tibia A B D

23 Facies posterior Posterior surface between

the posterior and interosseous margins B D

24 Medial crest Crista medialis Bony ridge on the

posterior surface at the border between the

origins of the tibialis posterior and flexor

hal-lucis longus muscles B D

25 Anterior margin Margo anterior A D

26 Interosseous margin Margo interosseus

Os-seous ridge located between the anterior gin and the medial crest for attachment of aportion of the interosseous membrane A B D

mar-27 Margin posterior Margo posterior, directed

posterolaterally B D

28 Lateral malleolus.Malleolus lateralis A B

29 Articular surface of malleolus Facies

articu-laris malleoli Articular surface on the lateralmalleolus facing the talus A B

30 Lateral malleolar fossa Fossa malleoli

later-alis Depression on the posteromedial aspect ofthe lateral malleolus for attachment of theposterior talofibular ligament B

30 aSulcus malleolaris Groove lateral to the

malleolar fossa

31 Patella.The knee cap, which is embedded inthe quadriceps tendon C

32 Base of patella Basis patellae Broad, superior

border of the patella C

33 Apex of patella.Apex patellae Inferior, pointedborder of the patella C

34 Facies articularis.Cartilage-covered articularsurface of the patella facing the femur

35 Facies anterior.Anterior surface of the patella.C

Bones

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Patella, anterior view

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OSSA PEDIS.Bones of the foot.

1 TARSUS.The region of articulation extending

from the heel to the metatarsals E

2 TARSAL BONES.Ossa tarsi (tarsalia) The seven

bones of the ankle, including the talus,

cal-caneus, os cuboideum, and three cuneiform

bones E

3 Talus The ankle bone, which is located

be-tween the tibia, calcaneus, navicular bone, and

fibula A B E

4 Head of talus.Caput tali (talare) It articulates

with the navicular bone A B

5 Neck of talus.Collum tali Proximal tapering

part of the head of the talus A B

6 Body of talus.Corpus tali B

7 Trochlea tali (talare).Cylindrical surface of the

talus that articulates with the tibia and fibula A

8 Superior surface Facies superior Upper

sur-face of the talus that articulates with the

infe-rior articular surface of the tibia A

9 Medial malleolar surface.Facies malleolaris

medialis Almost sagittaly oriented surface of

the talus that articulates with the medial

malleolus A

10 Lateral malleolar surface.Facies malleolaris

lateralis Surface on the lateral part of the talus

that articulates with the lateral malleolus A

11 Lateral process of the talus Processus

later-alis tali Bony projection below the lateral

malleolar surface A

12 Posterior calcanean facet Facies articularis

calcanea posterior Posteroinferior surface that

articulates with the calcaneus B

13 Sulcus of talus Sulcus tali A groove between

the middle and posterior articular facets for the

calcaneus B

14 Middle calcanean facet.Facies articularis

cal-canea media Middle articular surface of the

calcaneus B

15 Anterior calcanean facet.Facies articularis

cal-canea anterior Anterior articular surface of the

calcaneus below the head of the talus B

16 Facies articularis navicularis Surface on the

anterior part of the head of the talus that

ar-ticulates with the navicular bone A B

17 Posterior process of talus.Processus posterior

tali Broad process below the posterior margin

of the trochlea It bears the medial and lateral

tubercles with the groove for the tendon of the

flexor hallucis longus between them A B

18 Sulcus tendinis m flex hall longi Groove

for the flexor hallucis longus tendon

post-eromedial to the posterior process of the talus

A B

19 Medial tubercle Tuberculum mediale Bony

process anteromedial to the groove for the

flexor hallucis longus tendon A B

20 Lateral tubercle Tuberculum laterale Bony

process lateral to the groove for the flexor lucis longus tendon A

hal-21 [Os trigonum].Independent bone occasionallyformed by the lateral tubercle of the posteriorprocess of the talus due to a separate ossificcenter E

22 Calcaneus.Heel bone C D E

23 Tuber calcanei Tuberosity on the posterioraspect of the calcaneus C D

24 Medial process of calcaneus Processus

me-dialis tuberis calcanei Weak process anterior,medial and inferior to the tuberosity of the cal-caneus D

25 Lateral process of calcaneus Processus

later-alis tuberis calcanei Weak process inferolateral

to the tuberosity of the calcaneus C

26 Anterior tubercle of calcaneus.Tuberculumcalcanei Eminence on the anterior aspect ofthe inferior surface of the calcaneus Attach-ment site of the plantar calcaneocuboid liga-ment C

27 Sustentaculum tali.Medial prolongation of thecalcaneus bearing the medial posterior facet ofthe calcaneus D E

28 Sulcus tendinis m flex hall longi Bony

groove for the flexor hallucis longus tendon cated below the sustentaculum tali D

lo-29 Sulcus calcanei.Groove between the middleand posterior articular facets C D

30 Sinus tarsi.Laterally opening, funnel-shapedspace forming a continuation of the calcanealsulcus and the sulcus of the talus The inferiorankle joint is palpable here B C See also

pp 53C, 71 A CBones

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Right talus, superior view

Right calcaneus, lateral view

Right foot, medial view

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1 Anterior facet for the talus.Facies articularis

talaris anterior Small anterior articular surface

for the head of the talus A B

2 Middle facet for the talus.Facies articularis

talaris media Middle articular surface for the

talus separated from the posterior facet by the

sulcus calcanei A B

3 Posterior facet for the talus.Facies articularis

talaris posterior Large posterior surface for

ar-ticulation with the talus A B

4 Sulcus tendinis m peronei (fibularis) longi

Groove for the tendon of the peroneus longus

muscle on the lateral aspect of the calcaneus

below the peroneal trochlea B

5 Peroneal trochlea.Trochlea peronealis

(fibu-laris) Bony eminence above the groove for the

tendon of the peroneus longus It functions like

a pulley for this muscle and attaches a part of

the peroneal retinaculum The peroneal brevis

runs cranial to the trochlea B

6 Facies articularis cuboidea.Cuboid articular

surface forming the anterior aspect of the

cal-caneus A B

7 Navicular bone.Os naviculare Bone medial to

the head of the talus and the three cuneiform

bones C D

8 Tuberosity of navicular bone Tuberositas

ossis navicularis Rough area on the

inferome-dial aspect of the navicular bone, for

attach-ment of the tibialis posterior muscle It is

pal-pable through the skin D

9 Medial cuneiform Os cuneiforme mediale

Most medial of the cuneiform bones, located

between the navicular and the 1stmetatarsal

bones Its wedge-shaped base is directed

downward C D

10 Intermediate cuneiform.Os cuneiforme

inter-medium Middle cuneiform bone located

be-tween the navicular and 2ndmetatarsal bones

Its wedge-shaped base is directed upward C D

11 Lateral cuneiform Os cuneiforme laterale

Most lateral cuneiform bone located between

the navicular and 3rd metatarsal bones Its

wedge-shaped base is directed upward C D

12 Cuboid bone.Os cuboideum Bone found

be-tween the calcaneus and the fourth and fifth

metatarsals C D

13 Groove for tendon of peroneus longus.Sulcus

tendinis musculi peronei (fibularis) longi

Groove on the inferolateral aspect of the cuboid

that serves as a guide for the tendon D

14 Tuberosity of cuboid Tuberositas ossis

cuboidei Bony elevation on the inferior aspect

of the cuboid bone proximal to the groove for

the peroneus longus D

15 Calcanean process.Processus calcaneus

Plan-tar process of the cuboid bone The inferior

seg-ment of the proximal articular surface projects

upwardly and obliquely to support the

cal-caneus D

16 METATARSUS.The part of the foot situated tween the tarsus and the toes It comprises fivemetatarsal bones C D

be-17 METATARSAL BONES.Ossa metatarsi salia) [I−V] The five metatarsal bones D

(metatar-18 Base of metatarsal bone.Basis metatarsalis.The thickened proximal end of the metatarsalbones D

19 Shaft of metatarsal bone.Corpus metatarsale.D

20 Head of metatarsal bone.Caput metatarsale CD

21 Tuberosity of first metatarsal Tuberositasossis metatarsalis primi (I) Protuberance pro-jecting downward and laterally from the proxi-mal part of the first metatarsal bone D

22 Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Tuberositasossis metatarsalis quinti (V) Protuberance pro-jecting laterally from the proximal part of thefifth metatarsal bone Attachment site of theperoneus brevis muscle C D

23 PHALANGES OF TOES.Ossa digitorum pedis CD

24 PHALANGES.Osseous segments or bones thatcomprise the toes C D

25 Proximal phalanx.Phalanx proximalis First orproximal phalanx of the toes D

26 Middle phalanx.Phalanx media Middle ment of the toes D

seg-27 Distal phalanx.Phalanx distalis Distal or minal nail-bearing bone of the toe D

ter-28 Distal tuberosity of toes Tuberositas

phalan-gis distalis Roughened area located on theplantar aspect of the distal end of the distalphalanx for attachment of the tactile pads D

29 Base of phalanx.Basis phalangis Proximal end

of each phalanx with an acetabular articularsurface D

30 Shaft of phalanx.Corpus phalangis D

31 Head of phalanx.Caput phalangis Distal, ular end of the phalanx D

artic-32 Sesamoid bones.Ossa sesamoidea Wormianbones embedded in tendons or ligaments Theyregularly occur below the head of the firstmetatarsal on both sides of the tendon of theflexor hallucis longus muscle D

Bones

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Right calcaneus, superior view

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2 Coronal suture.Sutura coronalis It lies

be-tween the frontal bone and the two parietal

bones A C D

3 Sagittal suture.Sutura sagittalis The median

suture situated between the right and left

parietal bones C

4 Lambdoidal suture.Sutura lamboidea It is

lo-cated between the occipital bone and the two

parietal bones A D

5 Occipitomastoid suture.Sutura

occipitomas-toidea Continuation of the lambdoidal suture

that extends to the base of the skull A D

6 Sphenofrontal suture.Sutura sphenofrontalis

Smooth suture that extends flatly upward and

backward lateral to the skull to join the greater

wing of the sphenoid bone and the frontal

bone In the skull, it joins the frontal bone and

the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone A B D

7 Sphenoethmoidal suture.Sutura

sphenoeth-moidalis Short line in front of the jugum

sphe-noidale that connects the body of the sphenoid

and the ethmoid D

8 Sphenosquamosal suture.Sutura

sphenosqua-mosa Line of junction between the squamous

portion of the temporal bone and the greater

wing of the sphenoid A C D

9 Sphenoparietal suture Sutura

spheno-parietalis Line of junction between the greater

wing of the sphenoid and the parietal bone A C D

10 Squamous suture.Sutura squamosa Line of

junction between the squamous temporal and

parietal bones A C D

11 Frontal (metopic) suture.[Sutura frontalis

(su-tura metopical)] Suture connecting the right

and left halves of the frontal bone It generally

fuses within 2 to 3 years after birth, but persists

in 7−8% of all Central Europeans C

12 Parietomastoid suture Sutura

parietomas-toidea Posterior suture connecting the parietal

bone and the mastoid process of the temporal

bone A

13 Squamosomastoid suture [Sutura

squamo-somastoidea] Line of junction between the

squamous and mastoid portions of the temporal

bone that generally fuses early in life A

14 Frontonasal suture.Sutura frontonasalis

Ante-rior line of junction between the frontal and

nasal bones C

15 Frontoethmoidal suture Sutura

frontoeth-moidalis Internal line of junction between the

ethmoid and frontal bones B D

16 Frontomaxillary suture.Sutura

frontomaxil-laris Suture lateral to the nasal bone that

con-nects the nasal portion of the frontal bone and

the frontal process of the maxilla A B C

17 Frontolacrimal suture.Sutura frontolacrimalis

Line of junction between the frontal and lacrimal

bones A B C

18 Frontozygomatic suture.Sutura matica Suture at the lateral margin of the orbitbetween the frontal and zygomatic bones A B C

frontozygo-19 Zygomaticomaxillary suture.Sutura icomaxillaris Suture in the floor of the orbit con-necting the zygomatic bone and the maxilla A BC

zygomat-20 Ethmoidomaxillary suture Sutura domaxillaris Suture in the medial wall of theorbit connecting the orbital plate of the ethmoidbone and the maxilla B C

ethmoi-21 Ethmoidolacrimal suture Sutura moidolacrimalis Suture in the medial wall of theorbit between the ethmoid and lacrimal bones B

eth-22 Sphenovomerine suture.Sutura iana Suture at the nasal septum connecting thesphenoid bone and the vomer

sphenovomer-23 Sphenozygomatic suture.Sutura matica Suture in the lateral wall of the orbit con-necting the greater wing of the sphenoid and zy-gomatic bone B C

sphenozygo-24 Sphenomaxillary suture.Sutura laris Inconstant suture connecting the ptery-goid process and the maxillae lateral to thepalatine bone A

sphenomaxil-25 Temporozygomatic suture.Sutura gomatica Suture connecting the zygomaticprocess of the temporal bone and the zygomaticbone on the lateral aspect of the zygomatic arch.A

temporozy-26 Internasal suture.Sutura internasalis Sutureconnecting the right and left nasal bones C

27 Nasomaxillary suture.Sutura nasomaxillaris.Suture connecting the nasal bone and the frontalprocess of the maxilla A C

28 Lacrimomaxillary suture.Sutura illaris Suture connecting the anterior margin ofthe lacrimal bone and the maxilla A B C

lacrimomax-29 Lacrimoconchal suture Sutura conchalis Suture within the nasal cavity con-necting the lacrimal bone and the inferior nasalconcha

lacrimo-30 Intermaxillary suture.Sutura intermaxillaris.Medial line of junction between the right and leftmaxillary bones, located just below the anteriornasal spine C

31 Palatomaxillary suture.Sutura laris Line of junction between the palatine boneand the maxilla situated posteriorly in the orbitand on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity B

palatomaxil-32 Palatoethmoidal suture Sutura moidalis Suture in the back of the orbit connect-ing the palatine and ethmoid bones B

palatoeth-33 Median palatine suture.Sutura palatina ana Suture within the oral cavity connectingboth halves of the palatine bone E

medi-34 Transverse palatine suture.Sutura palatinatransversa Line of junction between the palatineprocess of the maxilla and the palatine bone ESutures, joints and ligaments

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Skull, anterior view

C

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1 CRANIAL SYNCHONDROSES Synchondroses

cranii (craniales) Cartilaginous joints between

skull bones Most are temporary and become

ossified

2 Spheno-occipital synchondrosis

Synchondro-sis spheno-occipitalis Developmental

car-tilaginous joint postero-inferior to the sella

tur-cica between the sphenoid and occipital bones A

3 Sphenopetrosal synchondrosis.Synchondrosis

sphenopetrosa Cartilaginous union between

the sphenoid and petrous bones in the lateral

continuation of the foramen lacerum, for

trans-mission of the lesser petrosal nerve A

4 Petro-occipital synchondrosis.Synchondrosis

petro-occipitalis Anteromedial cartilaginous

continuation of the jugular foramen A

4 a Intraoccipital synchondroses Synchondroses

intraoccipitalis Cartilaginous joints between

developmental parts of the occipital bone

5 Posterior intraoccipital synchondrosis

[Syn-chondrosis intra-occipitalis posterior]

Develop-mental synchondrosis between the posterior

and lateral ossific centers of the occipital bone It

usually disappears within 1−2 years after birth

A

6 Anterior intraoccipital synchondrosis

[Syn-chondrosis intra-occipitalis anterior]

Develop-mental cartilaginous joint between the anterior

and lateral ossific centers of the occipital bone

beginning at the anterior circumference of the

foramen magnum Disappears during the 6th

year of life A

7 Sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis

Synchon-drosis spheno-ethmoidalis Cartilaginous

pre-cursor of the spheno-ethmoidal suture See

page 54.7

8 JOINTS OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN THORAX

AND SKULL.Articulationes columnae

verte-bralis Thoracis et cranii The connections of the

vertebral column, thorax and skull

9 Intervertebral symphysis Symphysis

inter-vertebralis Union between adjacent vertebral

bodies

10 Intervertebral disc.Discus intervertebralis An

elastic plate consisting of ring-shaped fibrous

lamellae, fibrocartilage, and a central gelatinous

nucleus located on either side of a vertebral

body, between the adjacent vertebrae B C

11 Anulus fibrosus Annular fibrous connection

between adjacent vertebral bodies consisting of

obliquely oriented connective tissue fibers

ar-ranged in alternating directions B

12 Nucleus pulposus Gelatinous, semifluid mass

forming the central core of an intervertebral

disc B

13 Ligamenta flava.Yellow ligaments Elastic

net-works of roughly parallel fibers between the

vertebral arches B

14 Zygapophysial joints Articulationes

zy-gapophysiales Joints between articular

processes of vertebrae C

15 Intertransverse ligaments.Ligg saria Narrow ligaments between transverseprocesses of vertebrae C

intertransver-16 Interspinal ligaments.Ligg interspinalia Broadligaments between adjacent spinous processes.B

17 Supraspinal ligaments Ligg supraspinalia.Longitudinal ligaments connecting the tips ofthe spinous processes C

18 Ligamentum nuchae.Sagittal extension of thesupraspinal ligaments in the upper neck region B

19 Anterior longitudinal ligament.Lig nale anterius Longitudinal ligament attached tothe ventral surface of the vertebral bodies B

longitudi-20 Posterior longitudinal ligament.Lig nale posterius Longitudinal ligament connect-ing the intervertebral discs It is attached to thedorsal surface of the vertebral bodies and thuslies on the anterior wall of the vertebral canal Itfuses with the tectorial membrane from the 3rd

longitudi-cervical vertebrae upward B

21 Sacrococcygeal joint.Articulatio gea Connection between the sacrum and coc-cyx; it is frequently a true joint, but often occurs

sacrococcy-as a synchondrosis D

22 Superficial dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament.Lig sacrococcygeum posterius (dorsale) superfi-ciale D

23 Deep dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament Lig.sacrococcygeum posterius (dorsale) profun-dum D

24 Ventral sacrococcygeal ligament.Lig coccygeum anterius (ventrale)

sacro-25 Lateral sacrococcygeal ligament.Lig coccygeum laterale D

sacro-26 Atlanto-occipital joint Articulatio occipitalis Joint between the atlas and the occip-ital bone See page 59 A B

atlanto-27 Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane.brana atlanto-occipitalis anterior Membranousconnection between the arch of the atlas and theoccipital bone It lies in front of the apical liga-ment of the dens B

Mem-28 Anterior atlanto-occipital ligament [Lig.

atlanto-occipitale anterius] Thickened portion

of the atlanto-occipital membrane emanatingfrom the anterior tubercle

29 Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane.brana atlanto-occipitalis posterior Connectionbetween the arch of the atlas and the occipitalbone situated in the posterior wall of the verte-bral canal B

Mem-30 Lateral atlanto-occipital membrane Lig.atlanto-occipitale laterale Oblique tract of fibersextending from the transverse process of theatlas to the jugular process of the occipital bone.Sutures, joints and ligaments

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axialislateralis.Jointbetweentheinferiorarticu-lar facet of the atlas and the superior articuaxialislateralis.Jointbetweentheinferiorarticu-lar

facet of the axis A B

2 Median atlanto-axial joint.Articulatio

atlanto-axialis mediana Articulation between the atlas

and the dens of the axis C

3 Alar ligaments.Ligg alaria Paired ligaments

ex-tending from the dens of the axis to the lateral

margin of the foramen magnum A B

4 Apical ligament of the dens.Lig apicis dentis

Unpaired ligament extending from the apex of

the dens to the anterior margin of the foramen

magnum A C

5 Cruciform ligament of atlas.Lig cruciforme

atlantis Cruciate ligament consisting of the two

following ligamentous bands (6, 7) located

be-tween the dens and the tectorial membrane B

6 Longitudinal fasciculi of cruciform

liga-ment Fasciculi longitudinales Connective

tissue tracts from the body of the axis to the

ante-rior margin of the foramen magnum They are

sit-uated behind the dens and its apical ligament B C

7 Transverse ligament of atlas Lig

transver-sum atlantis Part of the cruciform ligament of

the atlas passing behind the dens and extending

transversely from one side of the atlas to the

other It holds the dens in position B C

8 Tectorial membrane Membrana tectoria

Bilayered continuation of the posterior

longi-tudinal ligament It passes from the axis to the

anterior margin of the foramen magnum and is

continuous with the dura-periosteal layer of the

skull base C

9 JOINTS OF THORAX.Articulationes thoracis

Ar-ticular connections of the skeleton of the thorax

10 COSTOVERTEBRAL JOINTS.Articulationes

cos-tovertebrales Joints between the ribs and

verte-brae D

11 Joints of rib heads.Articulatio capitis costae

(costalis) Articular unions that connect the

heads of the ribs with the vertebral bodies and

in-tervertebral discs D

12 Radiate ligament of head of rib.Lig capitis

costae radiatum Ligament radiating

predomi-nantlyfromtheanteriorsideoftheheadofaribto

the adjacent vertebral body and intervertebral

disc D E

13 Intra-articular ligament of head of rib.Lig

capitis costae intra-articulare Ligament

extend-ing from the crest of the head of the rib to the

in-tervertebraldisc.Itliesbetweenthetwoarticular

facets of the head of the rib E

14 Costotransverse joint.Articulatio

costotrans-versaria Joint between the articular surface of

the tubercle of the rib and the transverse process

of the corresponding vertebra D

15 Costotransverse ligament.Lig

costotransver-sarium Ligament between the neck of a rib and

the transverse process of the corresponding

vertebra D

16 Superior costotransverse ligament.Lig stotransversarium superius Ligament extend-ing from a rib to the next higher transverseprocess E

co-17 Lateral costotransverse ligament.Lig ansversarium laterale Ligament extending fromthe end of a transverse process to the corre-sponding rib D

costotr-18 Lumbocostal ligament.Lig lumbocostale Deeplayer of the thoracolumbar fascia Fibrous con-nection between the costal process of the lumbarvertebrae, the twelfth rib, and the edge of the pel-vis

19 Costotransverse foramen.Foramen versarium.Openingfortheintercostalnervesbe-tween the superior costotransverse ligamentand the neck of the rib E

costotrans-20 Sternocostal joint Articulationes costales Articulations between the costal car-tilage and sternum F

sterno-21 Intra-articular sternocostal ligament.Lig nocostale intra-articulare Ligament within thearticular cavity between the costal cartilage andsternum, especially pronounced at the 2ndrib F

ster-22 Radiate sternocostal ligaments.Ligg costalia radiata Fiber tracts located in front of thesternocostal joint and radiating from the end ofthe costal cartilage to the sternum F

sterno-23 Sternal membrane.Membrana sterni branous covering of the anterior surface of thesternum formed by the fibers of the radiate ster-nocostal ligaments F

Mem-24 Costoxiphoid ligaments.Ligg costoxiphoidea.Fiber tracts extending downward from the 7th

costal cartilage to the xiphoid process

25 External intercostal membrane.Membrana tercostalis externa Continuation of the externalintercostal muscles at the sternal end of the in-tercostal space F

in-26 Internal intercostal membrane.Membrana tercostalis interna Continuation of the internalintercostal muscles near the vertebral end of theintercostal space E

in-26 a Sternocostal synchondrosis of the first rib.Synchondrosis sternocostalis costae primae

27 Interchondral joints.Articulationes drales Articulations between the costal car-tilages, usually between those of ribs 6−9 Seepage 7 D

interchon-28 Costochondral joints.Articulationes ondrales Unions between the bony and car-tilaginous parts of ribs without an articular cav-ity

costoch-Sutures, joints and ligaments

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Ligaments between atlas,

axis and occipital bone

on right in cross section D

Ligaments of vertebral column and ribs

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3 Articular disc.Discus articularis Biconcave disc

of fibrous tissue and fibrocartilage positioned

betweenthehead of the mandible and the

articu-lar fossa Since it is connected with the articuarticu-lar

capsule on all sides, it divides the joint into two

compartments, both of which are functional

units of the discocapsular system C

4 Lateral (temporomandibular) ligament.Lig

laterale A strong fibrous band occasionally

pre-sent on the lateral surface of the joint It passes

obliquely upward and forward from the neck of

the mandible A

5 Medial ligament.Lig.mediale.Reinforcementof

the medial wall of the capsule B

6 Superior synovial membrane.Membrana

syn-ovialis superior Synovial lining of the superior

articular cavity C

7 Inferior synovial membrane.Membrana

syn-ovialis inferior Synovial lining of the inferior

ar-ticular cavity C

8 Sphenomandibular ligament Lig

spheno-mandibulare.Flatligamentontheinneraspectof

the mandibular ramus extending from the

man-dibular foramen to the spine of the sphenoid

bone lateral to the foramen spinosum B

9 Stylomandibular ligament.Lig

stylomandibu-lare Ligament passing from the anterior surface

of the styloid process to the angle of the

mandible A B

10 Pterygospinal ligament.Lig pterygospinale

Broad connective tissue band extending from the

upper part of the lateral plate of the pterygoid

process to the spine of the sphenoid B

11 Stylohyoid ligament.Lig stylohyoideum

Liga-ment running between the styloid process and

the lesser horn of the hyoid bone Vestige of the

second pharyngeal arch B

12 JOINTS OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE

Articula-tiones cinguli pectoralis D E F G

13 Coracoacromial ligament Lig

cora-coacromiale Strong band extending from the

coracoid process to the acromion It forms the

roof of the shoulder joint D

14 Superior transverse scapular ligament.Lig

transversum scapulae superius Ligament lying

medial to the coracoid process and bridging the

scapular notch D

15 Inferior transverse scapular ligament.[Lig

transversum scapulae inferius] Weak fibrous

band passing from the root of the spine of the

scapula to the posterior margin of the glenoid

cavity F

16 Acromioclavicular joint.Articulatio

acromio-clavicularis Joint between the acromion and the

clavicle D

17 Acromioclavicular ligament Lig claviculare Strong fibrous band within andabove the articular capsule serving to protect andhold together the clavicle and acromion D

acromio-18 Articular disc Discus articularis tilaginous interarticular disc D

Fibrocar-19 Coracoclavicular ligament.Lig lare Two-part band connecting the coracoidprocess and the clavicle D

coracoclavicu-20 Trapezoid ligament Lig trapezoideum The

portion of the coracoclavicular ligament taking

an upward and lateral course from the coracoidprocess to the clavicle It lies between the conoidand coraco-acromial ligaments D

21 Conoid ligament Lig conoideum The portion

of the coraco-clavicular ligament medial to thetrapezoid ligament It arises from the root of thecoracoid process D

22 Sternoclavicular joint.Articulatio ularis Two-chambered joint between the ster-num and clavicle G

sternoclavic-23 Articular disc.Discus articularis Interarticulardisc anchored below to the first rib and above tothe clavicle G

24 Anterior sternoclavicular ligament.Lig noclaviculare anterius Band that reinforces theanterior wall of the joint capsule G

ster-25 Posterior sternoclavicular ligament.Lig noclaviculare posterius Band that reinforces theposterior wall of the joint capsule

ster-26 Costoclavicular ligament.Lig costoclaviculare.Ligamentous union between the first rib and theclavicle lateral to the sternoclavicular joint G

27 Interclavicular ligament.Lig interclaviculare.Ligament passing across the suprasternal notchand uniting both clavicles G

28 JOINTS OF THE FREE UPPER LIMB.Articulationesmembri superioris liberi

29 Shoulder (glenohumeral) joint Articulatiohumeri (glenohumeralis) D E F

30 Glenoid lip.Labrum glenoidale The tilaginous margin of the bony glenoid cavity E

fibrocar-31 Coracohumeral ligament.Lig coracohumerale.Thickened portion of the capsule passing fromthe root of the coracoid process to the upper mar-gin of the greater and lesser tubercles D E

32 Glenohumeral ligaments.Ligg alia Three thickened bands (superior, middle, in-ferior) within the anterior wall of the capsule D ESutures, joints and ligaments

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Temporomandibular joint, sagittal section

C

Lateral ligaments of shoulder, anterior view

lateral view

E

Shoulder joint, posterior view

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1 Elbow joint.Articulatio cubiti (cubitalis)

Artic-ular connection between the upper arm and

forearm A

2 Humeroulnar joint Articulatio

humero-ul-naris Joint between the humerus and ulna

3 Humeroradial joint Articulatio

humero-radialis Joint between the humerus and radius

4 Proximal radioulnar joint.Articulatio

radio-ul-naris proximalis Joint formed by the articular

circumference of the radius and the radial notch

of the ulna

5 Ulnar collateral ligament.Lig collaterale

ul-nare Collateral ligament on the medial part of

the arm between the ulna and humerus A

6 Radial collateral ligament Lig collaterale

radiale Ligament which spreads from the lateral

epicondyle to the annular ligament of the radius

and the ulna A

7 Annular ligament of the radius.Lig anulare

radii Circular band embracing a part of the

artic-ular circumference of the radius It is attached to

the anterior and posterior margins of the radial

notch of the ulna A

8 Quadrate ligament.Lig quadratum Thin band

of fibers passing from the distal margin of the

radial notch of the ulna to the neck of the radius

9 Radioulnar syndesmosis (joint).Syndesmosis

[articulatio] radioulnaris Fibrous joint between

the radius and ulna

10 Interosseous membrane of forearm

Mem-brana interossea antebrachii Membranous

sheet which spreads between the interosseous

margins of the radius and ulna A

11 Oblique cord Chorda obliqua Ligamentous

band extending obliquely downward from the

ulnar tuberosity to the radius It runs in an

op-posite direction to most fibers of the

interos-seous membrane A

12 Distal radioulnar joint.Articulatio radioulnaris

distalis B

13 Articular disc.Discus articularis Interarticular

disc between the ulna and carpus It is attached at

the radius and styloid process of the ulna and, as

an intra-articular ligament, it connects the

radius and ulna B

14 Recessus sacciformis.Proximal extension of the

flaccid articular capsule B

15 Radiocarpal joint Articulatio radiocarpalis

Proximal wrist joint between the proximal row

of carpal bones and the radius including the

ar-ticular disc B

15 a Carpal joints.Articulationes carpi

16 Intercarpal joints.Articulationes intercarpales

Joints between the carpal bones permitting only

slight movement B

17 Midcarpal joint.Articulatio mediocarpalis The

distal wrist joint between the proximal and distal

rows of carpal bones B

18 Dorsal radiocarpal ligament.Lig radiocarpaledorsale Ligament on the dorsum of the wrist ex-tending from the radius to the triquetrum bone C

19 Palmar radiocarpal ligament.Lig radiocarpalepalmare Ligament on the flexor side radiatingfrom the radius to the lunate and capitate bones.D

20 Palmar ulnocarpal ligament.Lig ulnocarpalepalmare Ligament extending from the flexorside of the head of the ulnar chiefly to the capitatebone It often unites with fibers of the palmarradiocarpal ligament D

21 Radiate carpal ligament.Lig carpi radiatum.Groups of fibers radiating to both sides of thewrist mainly from the head of the capitate bone.D

22 Ulnar carpal collateral ligament Lig laterale carpi ulnare Collateral ligament extend-ing from the styloid process of the ulna to thetriquetrum and pisiform bones C D

col-23 Radial carpal collateral ligament.Lig laterale carpi radiale External collateral liga-ment passing from the styloid process of theradius to the scaphoid bone C D

col-24 Dorsal intercarpal ligaments.Ligg palia dorsalia Ligamentous bands extending be-tween the proximal and distal rows of carpalbones on the dorsum of the wrist C

intercar-25 Palmar intercarpal ligaments.Ligg palia palmaria Groups of ligaments between thecarpal bones on the palmar aspect below theradiate carpal ligament D

intercar-Sutures, joints and ligaments

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Elbow joint, anterior view

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B

Carpal ligaments, dorsal view

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2 Interosseous intercarpal ligaments.Ligg

in-tercarpalia interossea Ligaments penetrating

directly through the joint clefts between the

car-pal bones within a row A

3 Pisotriquetral joint.Articulatio ossis pisiformis

Articulation between the pisiform and

triquetrum bones A

4 Pisohamate ligament.Lig pisohamatum

Me-dial continuation of the tendon of the flexor carpi

ulnaris to the hook of the hamate bone B

5 Pisometacarpal ligament Lig

pisometacar-pale Lateral continuation of the tendon of the

flexor carpi ulnaris to the base of the fifth

meta-carpal B

6 Carpal canal or tunnel.Canalis carpi (carpalis)

Palmar canal located between the tubercles of

the scaphoid and trapezium on the one side and

thepisiformboneandthehookofthehamuluson

the other side It is bridged over by the flexor

reti-naculum (93.26) B

7 Metacarpal articulations.Articulationes

car-pometacarpales Slightly movable joints

be-tween the distal carpal bones and the

metacar-pals A

8 Dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments.Ligg

car-pometacarpalia dorsalia Rigid ligaments on the

dorsum of the hand between the distal carpal

bones and the metacarpal bones C

9 Palmar carpometacarpal ligaments.Ligg

car-pometacarpalia palmaria Ligaments on the

pal-mar side of the hand between the distal carpal

bones and the metacarpal bones B

10 Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Articula-tio carpometacarpalis pollicis Saddle joint

be-tweenthefirstmetacarpalandthetrapezium.AB

11 Intermetacarpal joints.Articulationes

inter-metacarpales Joints between the bases of the

metacarpal bones A

12 Dorsal metacarpal ligaments.Ligg

metacar-palia dorsalia Ligaments between the proximal

ends of the metacarpals on the extensor side C

13 Palmar metacarpal ligaments.Ligg

metacar-palia palmaria Ligaments between the bases of

the metacarpal bones on the palmar side B

14 Interosseous metacarpal ligaments Ligg

metacarpalia interossea Short, tense ligaments

at the bases of the metacarpal bones They lie in

the intracapsular spaces between the dorsal and

palmar metacarpal ligaments A

15 Interosseous spaces of metacarpus.Spatia

in-terossea metacarpi Spaces between the

meta-carpal bones A C

16 Metacarpophalangeal joints Articulationes

metacarpophalangeales Joints between the

heads of the metacarpal bones and the bases of

the proximal phalanges B

17 Collateral ligaments Ligg collateralia lateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangealjoints They slacken during extension of the fin-gers and become tense when making a closedfirst B

Col-18 Palmar ligaments.Ligg palmaria Fibers in thefloor of the tendon sheaths extending from theroot of the collateral ligaments to the palmarside They should not be confused with the annu-lar parts of the fibrous sheaths See page 92.28 B

19 Deep transverse metacarpal ligament.Lig.metacarpale transversum profundum Trans-versely oriented fibrous tracts on the palmar side

of the heads of the metacarpal bones at the level

of the joint spaces They hold the distal parts ofthe metacarpus together B

20 Interphalangeal joints Articulationes phalangeales manus Middle and distal joints be-tween the phalanges B

inter-21 Collateral ligaments of the interphalangealjoints.Ligg collateralia B

22 Palmar ligaments.Ligg palmaria Fibers whichpass into the floor of the tendon sheaths abovethe interphalangeal joints B

Sutures, joints and ligaments

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2 Obturator membrane.Membrana obturatoria.

Membrane which closes off the obturator

fora-men except for the obturator canal It is covered

by the obturator externus and internus muscles

A B C D

3 Obturator canal.Canalis obturatorius Opening

in the supralateral part of the obturator

mem-brane It corresponds to the obturator groove

be-tween the two obturator tubercles and is

traversed by the obturator artery, vein and nerve

A C D

4 Lumbosacral joint.Articulatio lumbosacralis

Articulation between the sacrum and lumbar

vertebra 5 (4) A

5 Iliolumbar ligament.Lig iliolumbale Strong

ligament that passes to the ilium mainly from the

transverse processes of L4 and 5 A B

6 Sacrotuberous ligament Lig sacrotuberale

Strong ligament that extends from the medial

margin of the ischial tuberosity to the sacrum

and ilium B D

7 Falciform process. Processus falciformis

Slender extension of fibers from the

sacro-tuberous ligament to the inner aspect of the

ischium B D

8 Sacrospinous ligament Lig sacrospinale

Fibrous band medial to the sacrotuberous

liga-ment It passes from the ischial spine to the

sacrum and coccyx and separates the greater

from the lesser sciatic foramen B D

9 Greater sciatic foramen.Foramen sciaticum

(ischiadicum) majus Foramen between the

greater sciatic notch, sacrum, sacrospinous

liga-ment and the upper part of the sacrotuberous

ligament It is traversed by the piriformis muscle,

superior and inferior gluteal arteries, veins and

nerves, the internal pudendal vein, pudendal

nerve, sciatic nerve and posterior femoral

cu-taneous nerve A B D

10 Lesser sciatic foramen Foramen sciaticum

(ischiadicum) minus Foramen between the

lesser sciatic notch and the sacrospinous and

sacrotuberous ligaments It transmits the

obtu-rator internus muscle as well as the internal

pu-dendal artery and vein and the pupu-dendal nerve to

the ischiorectal fossa B D

11 Sacroiliac joint Articulatio sacroiliaca Joint

connected by fibers that permits little motion

[[amphiarthrosis]] It is located between the

sacrum and the ilium and may become

syn-osteotic A

12 Ventral sacroiliac ligaments.Ligg sacroiliaca

anteriora (ventralia) Thin but broad fibrous

bandsthatextendfromtheanteriorsurfaceofthe

first and second sacral vertebrae to the ilium A D

13 Interosseous sacroiliac ligaments Ligg

sacroiliaca interossea Dorsal mass of ligaments

that pass from the tuberosity of the sacrum to the

tuberosity of the ilium B

14 Dorsal sacroiliac ligaments.Ligg sacroiliacaposteriora (dorsalia) Superficial bundle of liga-ments attached dorsally to the interosseoussacroiliac ligaments between the sacrum andilium B

15 Pubic symphsis.Symphysis pubica drosis that articulates with the interpubic disc A

Synchon-16 Superior pubic ligament Lig pubicum perius Fibrous connection between the twohalves of the symphysis emanating from the pec-ten ossis pubis on either side A

su-17 Arcuate pubic ligament.Lig arcuatum pubis.Strong, curved ligament below the symphysis A

18 Interpubic disc.Discus interpubicus tilage plate with a synovia-filled median groove,located between the articular surfaces made ofhyaline cartilage on the right and left pubicbones A

Fibrocar-19 JOINTS OF THE FREE LOWER LIMB.tiones membri inferioris liberi

Articula-20 HIP JOINT.Articulatio coxae (iliofemoralis) Jointformed by the acetabulum and the head of thefemur A B C

21 Joint capsule.Capsula articularis It is attachedanteriorly to the intertrochanteric line, posteri-orly above to the intertrochanteric crest A frac-ture of the neck of the femur can therefore be in-tracapsular when in the anterior region or extra-capsular when in the posterior region A

22 Orbicular zone.Zona orbicularis Ligamentousfibers encircling the neck of the femur B

23 Iliofemoral ligament.Lig iliofemorale Stronganterior ligament of the hip joint capsule extend-ing from the ilium to the intertrochanteric line AB

24 Ischiofemoral ligament.Lig ischiofemorale Itradiates into the orbicular zone from the poste-rior margin of the acetabulum and is also at-tached to the anterior margin of the greater tro-chanter and to the intertrochanteric line B

25 Pubofemoral ligament Lig pubofemorale.Ligament that arises medially from the joint cap-sule of the pubic bone and extends to the orbicu-lar zone and to the part of the femur proximal tothe lesser trochanter A

26 Acetabular lip.Labrum acetabulare A ring of brocartilage and connective tissue thatcompletes and deepens the bony acetabulum C

fi-27 Transverse acetabular ligament Lig

trans-versumacetabuli.Itbridgestheacetabularnotch.C

28 Ligament of head of femur.Lig capitis femoris

A smooth ligament extending from the lar notch to the pit on the head of the femur Ittransmits blood vessels and has no direct me-chanical action C

acetabu-Sutures, joints and ligaments

Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme

All rights reserved Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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2324

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1286.10

163

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15

1817

B

Hip joint, opened

C

Pelvic ligaments, medial view

D

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