F Bones Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved.. 35 Facies anterior.Anterior surface of the patella.C Bones Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000
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Trang 21 Ischium.Os ischii Bone which forms the
poste-rior and infeposte-rior boundary of the obturator
foramen A B
2 Body of ischium.Corpus ossis ischii The
por-tion of the ischium situated behind the
obtura-tor foramen A B
3 Ramus of ischium.Ramus ossis ischii The
por-tion of the ischium situated below the
obtura-tor foramen The anterior end unites with the
inferior ramus of the pubis A B
4 Ischial tuberosity. Tuber ischiadicum
(ischiale) Ischial process at the lower end of
the lesser sciatic notch A B
5 Ischial spine.Spina ischiadica (ischialis) Bony
prominence between the greater and lesser
sci-atic notches B
6 Greater sciatic notch Incisura ischiadica
(ischialis) major Large notch between the
post-erior infpost-erior iliac spine and the ischial spine B
7 Lesser sciatic notch Incisura ischiadica
(ischialis) minor Notch between the ischial
spine and the ischial tuberosity B
8 Pubis.Os pubis Bone which forms the anterior
and inferior borders of the obturator foramen
A B
9 Body of the pubis.Corpus ossis pubis A B
10 Pubic tubercle Tuberculum pubicum
Pro-tuberance located anterolateral to the
symphy-sis A B
11 Symphyseal surface Facies symphysialis The
median surface of the symphysis facing the
contralateral pubis B
12 Pubic crest Crista pubica Ridge extending
medially from the pubic tubercle to the
sym-physis Attachment site of the rectus abdominis
muscle A B
13 Superior ramus of the pubis.Ramus superior
ossis pubis The part of the pubis situated above
the obturator foramen A B
14 Iliopubic (iliopectineal) eminence
Eminen-tia iliopubica [e iliopectinea] Flat prominence
at the proximal portion of the pubis A B
15 Pecten (pectineal line) of the pubis Pecten
ossis pubis Sharp, bony ridge which passes to
the pubic tubercle as a continuation of the
ar-cuate line Origin of the pectineus muscle A B
16 Obturator crest Crista obturatoria It extends
from the pubic tubercle to the acetabulum
Origin of the pubofemoral ligament A
17 Obturator groove Sulcus obturatorius Sulcus
above the obturator foramen A B
18 Anterior obturator tubercle Tuberculum
ob-turatorium anterius Small protuberance
ante-rior to the obturator groove A B
19 Posterior obturator tubercle [Tuberculum
obturatorium posterius] Prominence
occasion-ally present behind the obturator groove A B
20 Inferior ramus of pubis.Ramus inferior ossispubis The portion of the pubis located anter-oinferior the obturator foramen between thesymphysis and the suture line with theischium A B
21 PELVIS.Portion of the body located between thestomach and lower extremities, i.e., a bony ringcomprised of the sacrum, ilium, pubis andischium C D E F
21 a Pelvic cavity Cavitas pelvis (pelvica)
22 Pubic arch.Arcus pubis The arch below thesymphysis formed by the right and left pubicbones D
23 Subpubic angle Angulus subpubicus The
angle between the right and left inferior ramus
of the pubis (average of 75° in men and 90°−100° in women) C
24 Greater pelvis Pelvis major The space tween the two alae of the ilium above the lineaterminalis
be-25 Lesser pelvis.Pelvis minor The space belowthe linea terminalis
26 Terminal line.Linea terminalis Line extendingalong the arcuate line from the promontory tothe upper margin of the symphysis It marksthe boundary between the greater pelvis andlesser pelvis as well as the plane of the pelvicinlet C D E
27 Upper pelvic aperture (pelvic inlet).Aperturapelvis (pelvica) superior Upper opening of thelesser pelvis in the plane of the linea terminalis.D
28 Lower pelvic aperture (pelvic outlet).tura pelvis (pelvica) inferior Lower opening ofthe lesser pelvis between the coccyx, pubicarch and sacrotuberous ligaments F
Aper-29 Pelvic axis.Axis pelvis Imaginary line passingthrough all median connecting lines betweenthe symphysis and the anterior surface of thesacrum The fetal head follows its course duringbirth F
30 Conjugate diameter.Diameter conjugata teroposterior diameter of the pelvis, measuredfrom the sacral promontory to the posteriorsurface of the symphysis (about 11 cm) E F
An-31 Transverse diameter of pelvis.Diameter versa Widest part of the inlet (ca 13 cm) E
trans-32 Oblique diameter Diameter obliqua It ismeasured from the iliosacral joint obliquelyforward to the iliopubic eminence of the op-posite side (ca 12.5 cm) E
33 Pelvic inclination.Inclinatio pelvis The anglebetween the plane of the pelvic inlet and thehorizontal plane F
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Lower half of right hip bone,
external surface
internal surface B
Male pelvis, anterior view
Pelvis, superior view
Trang 41 FREE LOWER LIMB.Pars libera membri inferioris.
2 Femur Thigh bone.(Os femoris) A B
3 Head of femur.Caput femoris A B
4 Pit (fovea) in the head of the femur Fovea
capitis femoris Depression for attachment of
the ligament of the head of the femur A B
5 Neck of femur.Collum femoris Portion of the
femur between the femoral head and greater
trochanter A B
6 Greater trochanter Trochanter major Large
prominence on the superolateral aspect of the
femur shaft for attachment of the gluteus
me-dius, gluteus minimus, and piriformis muscles
A B
7 Trochanteric fossa Fossa trochanterica
De-pression medial to the root of the greater
tro-chanter Origin of the internal obturator and
gemelli muscles A B
8 Lesser trochanter Trochanter minor Small
prominence on the posteromedial aspect of the
proximal femur shaft for attachment of the
il-iopsoas muscle A B
9 /Trochanter tertius}.Process occasionally
pre-sent posteriorly at the lateral end of the linea
aspera at the level of the lesser trochanter for
attachment of a part of the gluteus maximus B
10 Intertrochanteric line.Linea
intertrochanter-ica Rough anterior line between the shaft and
neck of the femur, extending from the greater
to the lesser trochanter A
10 a Quadrate tubercle Tuberculum quadratum
Rounded elevation on the intertrochanteric
crest B
11 Intertrochanteric crest.Crista
intertrochanter-ica Posterior bony ridge between the shaft and
neck of the femur, running from the greater to
the lesser trochanter B
12 Shaft of femur.Corpus femoris A B
13 Linea aspera Rough double line on the
poste-rior aspect of the femur for attachment of two
vasti muscles and the short head of the biceps
Insertion of the adductors, gluteus maximus,
and pectineus muscles B
14 Lateral lip of the linea aspera Labium laterale B
15 Medial lip of the linea aspera Labium mediale B
16 Pectineal line Linea pectinea Bony ridge
ex-tending downward from the lesser trochanter,
nearly reaching the linea aspera Gives
attach-ment to the pectineus muscle B
17 Gluteal tuberosity Tuberositas glutaealis.
Rough, oblong field continuous with the linea
aspera superolaterally Insertion of the gluteus
maximus B
18 Intercondylar fossa Fossa intercondylaris
Posterior notch between the femoral condyles B
19 Intercondylar line.Linea intercondylaris
Post-erior ridge between the roots of the condyles B
20 Popliteal surface Facies poplitea Triangular
field on the posterior aspect of the femur
be-tween the intercondylar line and the diverging
lips (supracondylar lines) of the linea aspera B
20 aMedial supracondylar line Linea
supracon-dylaris medialis Continuation of the medial lip
of the linea aspera toward the medial condyle.B
20 bLateral supracondylar line Linea
supracon-dylaris lateralis Continuation of the lateral lip
of the linea aspera toward the lateral condyle B
21 Medial condyle Condylus medialis Medialknee joint surface of the femur A B
22 Medial epicondyle Epicondylus medialis.
Bony elevation on the medial aspect of the dial condyle A B
me-23 Adductor tubercle Tuberculum adductorium.
Small process situated above the medial condyle for attachment of the adductor magnusmuscle A B
epi-24 Lateral condyle.Condylus lateralis Articularsurface of the femur on the lateral aspect of theknee joint A B
25 Lateral epicondyle Epicondylus lateralis.
Bony elevation on the lateral aspect of thelateral condyle A B
25 aGroove for popliteus. Sulcus popliteus.Groove between the lateral condyle and thelateral epicondyle B
26 Patellar surface.Facies patellaris Surface thatarticulates with the patella A
27 Tibia.C D
28 Superior articular surface.Facies articularissuperior Tibial articular surface of the kneejoint C D
29 Medial condyle.Condylus medialis Medial pansion at the proximal end of the tibia C D
ex-30 Lateral condyle.Condylus lateralis Lateral pansion at the proximal end of the tibia C D
ex-31 Articular facet for the fibula Facies
articu-laris fibuarticu-laris Articular surface for the head ofthe fibula on the posterolateral aspect of thelateral condyle C D
32 Anterior intercondylar area.Area laris anterior Area between the knee joint sur-faces of the tibia and in front of the intercondy-lar eminence C D
intercondy-33 Posterior intercondylar area.Area laris posterior The region between the kneejoint surfaces of the tibia and behind the inter-condylar eminence D
intercondy-34 Intercondylar eminence.Eminentia dylaris Bony elevation between the articularsurfaces of the tibia, for attachment of thecruciate ligaments and menisci C D
intercon-35 Medial intercondylar tubercle Tuberculum
intercondylare mediale Elevation of the medialarticular surface at the margin facing the inter-condylar eminence C D
36 Tuberculum intercondylare laterale
Eleva-tion of the lateral articular surface at the gin facing the intercondylar eminence C DBones
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Head of right tibia, anterior view
Trang 61 Shaft of tibia.Corpus tibiae (tibiale) A B D
2 Tibial tuberosity Tuberositas tibiae
Rough-ened area on the upper end of the anterior
mar-gin of the tibia Attachment site of the patellar
ligament A
3 Medial surface Facies medialis Surface of
tibia directed anteromedially A D
4 Posterior surface of tibia Facies posterior B
D
5 Soleal line of tibia Linea musculi solei Line
ex-tending obliquely from the upper, lateral part of
the tibia, downward and across to the medial
part, giving attachment to the soleus muscle B
6 Facies lateralis Lateral surface of tibia facing
anterolaterally A D
7 Medial (inner) margin Margo medialis A B D
8 Anterior margin Margo anterior A D
9 Interosseous margin. Margo interosseus
Border facing the fibula and providing
attach-ment to the interosseus membrane along most
of its margin A B D
10 Medial malleolus.Malleolus medialis A B
11 Malleolar groove Sulcus malleolaris Small
groove on the posterior aspect of the medial
malleolus for the tendon of the tibialis
poste-rior muscle B
12 Articular surface of malleolus Facies
articu-laris malleoli Lateral surface of the medial
mal-leolus facing the talus A B
13 Fibular notch.Incisura fibularis Depression on
the lateral surface of the distal end of the tibia
Articulates with the fibula B
14 Inferior articular surface.Facies articularis
in-ferior Inferior joint surface facing the talus A B
15 Fibula.A B D
16 Head of fibula.Caput fibulae (fibulare) The
proximal end of the fibula A B
17 Facies articularis capitis fibulae Articular
surface facing the tibia at the proximal end of
the fibula A B
18 Apex (styloid process) of head of fibula.
Apex capitis fibulae Upward pointing process
on the head of the fibula A B
19 Neck of fibula.Collum fibulae A
20 Shaft of fibula.Corpus fibulae A
21 Facies lateralis Lateral surface that faces
slightly upward A D
22 Facies medialis Medial surface between the
anterior and interosseous margins It faces the
tibia A B D
23 Facies posterior Posterior surface between
the posterior and interosseous margins B D
24 Medial crest Crista medialis Bony ridge on the
posterior surface at the border between the
origins of the tibialis posterior and flexor
hal-lucis longus muscles B D
25 Anterior margin Margo anterior A D
26 Interosseous margin Margo interosseus
Os-seous ridge located between the anterior gin and the medial crest for attachment of aportion of the interosseous membrane A B D
mar-27 Margin posterior Margo posterior, directed
posterolaterally B D
28 Lateral malleolus.Malleolus lateralis A B
29 Articular surface of malleolus Facies
articu-laris malleoli Articular surface on the lateralmalleolus facing the talus A B
30 Lateral malleolar fossa Fossa malleoli
later-alis Depression on the posteromedial aspect ofthe lateral malleolus for attachment of theposterior talofibular ligament B
30 aSulcus malleolaris Groove lateral to the
malleolar fossa
31 Patella.The knee cap, which is embedded inthe quadriceps tendon C
32 Base of patella Basis patellae Broad, superior
border of the patella C
33 Apex of patella.Apex patellae Inferior, pointedborder of the patella C
34 Facies articularis.Cartilage-covered articularsurface of the patella facing the femur
35 Facies anterior.Anterior surface of the patella.C
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Patella, anterior view
Trang 8OSSA PEDIS.Bones of the foot.
1 TARSUS.The region of articulation extending
from the heel to the metatarsals E
2 TARSAL BONES.Ossa tarsi (tarsalia) The seven
bones of the ankle, including the talus,
cal-caneus, os cuboideum, and three cuneiform
bones E
3 Talus The ankle bone, which is located
be-tween the tibia, calcaneus, navicular bone, and
fibula A B E
4 Head of talus.Caput tali (talare) It articulates
with the navicular bone A B
5 Neck of talus.Collum tali Proximal tapering
part of the head of the talus A B
6 Body of talus.Corpus tali B
7 Trochlea tali (talare).Cylindrical surface of the
talus that articulates with the tibia and fibula A
8 Superior surface Facies superior Upper
sur-face of the talus that articulates with the
infe-rior articular surface of the tibia A
9 Medial malleolar surface.Facies malleolaris
medialis Almost sagittaly oriented surface of
the talus that articulates with the medial
malleolus A
10 Lateral malleolar surface.Facies malleolaris
lateralis Surface on the lateral part of the talus
that articulates with the lateral malleolus A
11 Lateral process of the talus Processus
later-alis tali Bony projection below the lateral
malleolar surface A
12 Posterior calcanean facet Facies articularis
calcanea posterior Posteroinferior surface that
articulates with the calcaneus B
13 Sulcus of talus Sulcus tali A groove between
the middle and posterior articular facets for the
calcaneus B
14 Middle calcanean facet.Facies articularis
cal-canea media Middle articular surface of the
calcaneus B
15 Anterior calcanean facet.Facies articularis
cal-canea anterior Anterior articular surface of the
calcaneus below the head of the talus B
16 Facies articularis navicularis Surface on the
anterior part of the head of the talus that
ar-ticulates with the navicular bone A B
17 Posterior process of talus.Processus posterior
tali Broad process below the posterior margin
of the trochlea It bears the medial and lateral
tubercles with the groove for the tendon of the
flexor hallucis longus between them A B
18 Sulcus tendinis m flex hall longi Groove
for the flexor hallucis longus tendon
post-eromedial to the posterior process of the talus
A B
19 Medial tubercle Tuberculum mediale Bony
process anteromedial to the groove for the
flexor hallucis longus tendon A B
20 Lateral tubercle Tuberculum laterale Bony
process lateral to the groove for the flexor lucis longus tendon A
hal-21 [Os trigonum].Independent bone occasionallyformed by the lateral tubercle of the posteriorprocess of the talus due to a separate ossificcenter E
22 Calcaneus.Heel bone C D E
23 Tuber calcanei Tuberosity on the posterioraspect of the calcaneus C D
24 Medial process of calcaneus Processus
me-dialis tuberis calcanei Weak process anterior,medial and inferior to the tuberosity of the cal-caneus D
25 Lateral process of calcaneus Processus
later-alis tuberis calcanei Weak process inferolateral
to the tuberosity of the calcaneus C
26 Anterior tubercle of calcaneus.Tuberculumcalcanei Eminence on the anterior aspect ofthe inferior surface of the calcaneus Attach-ment site of the plantar calcaneocuboid liga-ment C
27 Sustentaculum tali.Medial prolongation of thecalcaneus bearing the medial posterior facet ofthe calcaneus D E
28 Sulcus tendinis m flex hall longi Bony
groove for the flexor hallucis longus tendon cated below the sustentaculum tali D
lo-29 Sulcus calcanei.Groove between the middleand posterior articular facets C D
30 Sinus tarsi.Laterally opening, funnel-shapedspace forming a continuation of the calcanealsulcus and the sulcus of the talus The inferiorankle joint is palpable here B C See also
pp 53C, 71 A CBones
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Right talus, superior view
Right calcaneus, lateral view
Right foot, medial view
E
Trang 101 Anterior facet for the talus.Facies articularis
talaris anterior Small anterior articular surface
for the head of the talus A B
2 Middle facet for the talus.Facies articularis
talaris media Middle articular surface for the
talus separated from the posterior facet by the
sulcus calcanei A B
3 Posterior facet for the talus.Facies articularis
talaris posterior Large posterior surface for
ar-ticulation with the talus A B
4 Sulcus tendinis m peronei (fibularis) longi
Groove for the tendon of the peroneus longus
muscle on the lateral aspect of the calcaneus
below the peroneal trochlea B
5 Peroneal trochlea.Trochlea peronealis
(fibu-laris) Bony eminence above the groove for the
tendon of the peroneus longus It functions like
a pulley for this muscle and attaches a part of
the peroneal retinaculum The peroneal brevis
runs cranial to the trochlea B
6 Facies articularis cuboidea.Cuboid articular
surface forming the anterior aspect of the
cal-caneus A B
7 Navicular bone.Os naviculare Bone medial to
the head of the talus and the three cuneiform
bones C D
8 Tuberosity of navicular bone Tuberositas
ossis navicularis Rough area on the
inferome-dial aspect of the navicular bone, for
attach-ment of the tibialis posterior muscle It is
pal-pable through the skin D
9 Medial cuneiform Os cuneiforme mediale
Most medial of the cuneiform bones, located
between the navicular and the 1stmetatarsal
bones Its wedge-shaped base is directed
downward C D
10 Intermediate cuneiform.Os cuneiforme
inter-medium Middle cuneiform bone located
be-tween the navicular and 2ndmetatarsal bones
Its wedge-shaped base is directed upward C D
11 Lateral cuneiform Os cuneiforme laterale
Most lateral cuneiform bone located between
the navicular and 3rd metatarsal bones Its
wedge-shaped base is directed upward C D
12 Cuboid bone.Os cuboideum Bone found
be-tween the calcaneus and the fourth and fifth
metatarsals C D
13 Groove for tendon of peroneus longus.Sulcus
tendinis musculi peronei (fibularis) longi
Groove on the inferolateral aspect of the cuboid
that serves as a guide for the tendon D
14 Tuberosity of cuboid Tuberositas ossis
cuboidei Bony elevation on the inferior aspect
of the cuboid bone proximal to the groove for
the peroneus longus D
15 Calcanean process.Processus calcaneus
Plan-tar process of the cuboid bone The inferior
seg-ment of the proximal articular surface projects
upwardly and obliquely to support the
cal-caneus D
16 METATARSUS.The part of the foot situated tween the tarsus and the toes It comprises fivemetatarsal bones C D
be-17 METATARSAL BONES.Ossa metatarsi salia) [I−V] The five metatarsal bones D
(metatar-18 Base of metatarsal bone.Basis metatarsalis.The thickened proximal end of the metatarsalbones D
19 Shaft of metatarsal bone.Corpus metatarsale.D
20 Head of metatarsal bone.Caput metatarsale CD
21 Tuberosity of first metatarsal Tuberositasossis metatarsalis primi (I) Protuberance pro-jecting downward and laterally from the proxi-mal part of the first metatarsal bone D
22 Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Tuberositasossis metatarsalis quinti (V) Protuberance pro-jecting laterally from the proximal part of thefifth metatarsal bone Attachment site of theperoneus brevis muscle C D
23 PHALANGES OF TOES.Ossa digitorum pedis CD
24 PHALANGES.Osseous segments or bones thatcomprise the toes C D
25 Proximal phalanx.Phalanx proximalis First orproximal phalanx of the toes D
26 Middle phalanx.Phalanx media Middle ment of the toes D
seg-27 Distal phalanx.Phalanx distalis Distal or minal nail-bearing bone of the toe D
ter-28 Distal tuberosity of toes Tuberositas
phalan-gis distalis Roughened area located on theplantar aspect of the distal end of the distalphalanx for attachment of the tactile pads D
29 Base of phalanx.Basis phalangis Proximal end
of each phalanx with an acetabular articularsurface D
30 Shaft of phalanx.Corpus phalangis D
31 Head of phalanx.Caput phalangis Distal, ular end of the phalanx D
artic-32 Sesamoid bones.Ossa sesamoidea Wormianbones embedded in tendons or ligaments Theyregularly occur below the head of the firstmetatarsal on both sides of the tendon of theflexor hallucis longus muscle D
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Right calcaneus, superior view
D
Trang 122 Coronal suture.Sutura coronalis It lies
be-tween the frontal bone and the two parietal
bones A C D
3 Sagittal suture.Sutura sagittalis The median
suture situated between the right and left
parietal bones C
4 Lambdoidal suture.Sutura lamboidea It is
lo-cated between the occipital bone and the two
parietal bones A D
5 Occipitomastoid suture.Sutura
occipitomas-toidea Continuation of the lambdoidal suture
that extends to the base of the skull A D
6 Sphenofrontal suture.Sutura sphenofrontalis
Smooth suture that extends flatly upward and
backward lateral to the skull to join the greater
wing of the sphenoid bone and the frontal
bone In the skull, it joins the frontal bone and
the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone A B D
7 Sphenoethmoidal suture.Sutura
sphenoeth-moidalis Short line in front of the jugum
sphe-noidale that connects the body of the sphenoid
and the ethmoid D
8 Sphenosquamosal suture.Sutura
sphenosqua-mosa Line of junction between the squamous
portion of the temporal bone and the greater
wing of the sphenoid A C D
9 Sphenoparietal suture Sutura
spheno-parietalis Line of junction between the greater
wing of the sphenoid and the parietal bone A C D
10 Squamous suture.Sutura squamosa Line of
junction between the squamous temporal and
parietal bones A C D
11 Frontal (metopic) suture.[Sutura frontalis
(su-tura metopical)] Suture connecting the right
and left halves of the frontal bone It generally
fuses within 2 to 3 years after birth, but persists
in 7−8% of all Central Europeans C
12 Parietomastoid suture Sutura
parietomas-toidea Posterior suture connecting the parietal
bone and the mastoid process of the temporal
bone A
13 Squamosomastoid suture [Sutura
squamo-somastoidea] Line of junction between the
squamous and mastoid portions of the temporal
bone that generally fuses early in life A
14 Frontonasal suture.Sutura frontonasalis
Ante-rior line of junction between the frontal and
nasal bones C
15 Frontoethmoidal suture Sutura
frontoeth-moidalis Internal line of junction between the
ethmoid and frontal bones B D
16 Frontomaxillary suture.Sutura
frontomaxil-laris Suture lateral to the nasal bone that
con-nects the nasal portion of the frontal bone and
the frontal process of the maxilla A B C
17 Frontolacrimal suture.Sutura frontolacrimalis
Line of junction between the frontal and lacrimal
bones A B C
18 Frontozygomatic suture.Sutura matica Suture at the lateral margin of the orbitbetween the frontal and zygomatic bones A B C
frontozygo-19 Zygomaticomaxillary suture.Sutura icomaxillaris Suture in the floor of the orbit con-necting the zygomatic bone and the maxilla A BC
zygomat-20 Ethmoidomaxillary suture Sutura domaxillaris Suture in the medial wall of theorbit connecting the orbital plate of the ethmoidbone and the maxilla B C
ethmoi-21 Ethmoidolacrimal suture Sutura moidolacrimalis Suture in the medial wall of theorbit between the ethmoid and lacrimal bones B
eth-22 Sphenovomerine suture.Sutura iana Suture at the nasal septum connecting thesphenoid bone and the vomer
sphenovomer-23 Sphenozygomatic suture.Sutura matica Suture in the lateral wall of the orbit con-necting the greater wing of the sphenoid and zy-gomatic bone B C
sphenozygo-24 Sphenomaxillary suture.Sutura laris Inconstant suture connecting the ptery-goid process and the maxillae lateral to thepalatine bone A
sphenomaxil-25 Temporozygomatic suture.Sutura gomatica Suture connecting the zygomaticprocess of the temporal bone and the zygomaticbone on the lateral aspect of the zygomatic arch.A
temporozy-26 Internasal suture.Sutura internasalis Sutureconnecting the right and left nasal bones C
27 Nasomaxillary suture.Sutura nasomaxillaris.Suture connecting the nasal bone and the frontalprocess of the maxilla A C
28 Lacrimomaxillary suture.Sutura illaris Suture connecting the anterior margin ofthe lacrimal bone and the maxilla A B C
lacrimomax-29 Lacrimoconchal suture Sutura conchalis Suture within the nasal cavity con-necting the lacrimal bone and the inferior nasalconcha
lacrimo-30 Intermaxillary suture.Sutura intermaxillaris.Medial line of junction between the right and leftmaxillary bones, located just below the anteriornasal spine C
31 Palatomaxillary suture.Sutura laris Line of junction between the palatine boneand the maxilla situated posteriorly in the orbitand on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity B
palatomaxil-32 Palatoethmoidal suture Sutura moidalis Suture in the back of the orbit connect-ing the palatine and ethmoid bones B
palatoeth-33 Median palatine suture.Sutura palatina ana Suture within the oral cavity connectingboth halves of the palatine bone E
medi-34 Transverse palatine suture.Sutura palatinatransversa Line of junction between the palatineprocess of the maxilla and the palatine bone ESutures, joints and ligaments
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Skull from left
Skull, anterior view
C
Trang 141 CRANIAL SYNCHONDROSES Synchondroses
cranii (craniales) Cartilaginous joints between
skull bones Most are temporary and become
ossified
2 Spheno-occipital synchondrosis
Synchondro-sis spheno-occipitalis Developmental
car-tilaginous joint postero-inferior to the sella
tur-cica between the sphenoid and occipital bones A
3 Sphenopetrosal synchondrosis.Synchondrosis
sphenopetrosa Cartilaginous union between
the sphenoid and petrous bones in the lateral
continuation of the foramen lacerum, for
trans-mission of the lesser petrosal nerve A
4 Petro-occipital synchondrosis.Synchondrosis
petro-occipitalis Anteromedial cartilaginous
continuation of the jugular foramen A
4 a Intraoccipital synchondroses Synchondroses
intraoccipitalis Cartilaginous joints between
developmental parts of the occipital bone
5 Posterior intraoccipital synchondrosis
[Syn-chondrosis intra-occipitalis posterior]
Develop-mental synchondrosis between the posterior
and lateral ossific centers of the occipital bone It
usually disappears within 1−2 years after birth
A
6 Anterior intraoccipital synchondrosis
[Syn-chondrosis intra-occipitalis anterior]
Develop-mental cartilaginous joint between the anterior
and lateral ossific centers of the occipital bone
beginning at the anterior circumference of the
foramen magnum Disappears during the 6th
year of life A
7 Sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis
Synchon-drosis spheno-ethmoidalis Cartilaginous
pre-cursor of the spheno-ethmoidal suture See
page 54.7
8 JOINTS OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN THORAX
AND SKULL.Articulationes columnae
verte-bralis Thoracis et cranii The connections of the
vertebral column, thorax and skull
9 Intervertebral symphysis Symphysis
inter-vertebralis Union between adjacent vertebral
bodies
10 Intervertebral disc.Discus intervertebralis An
elastic plate consisting of ring-shaped fibrous
lamellae, fibrocartilage, and a central gelatinous
nucleus located on either side of a vertebral
body, between the adjacent vertebrae B C
11 Anulus fibrosus Annular fibrous connection
between adjacent vertebral bodies consisting of
obliquely oriented connective tissue fibers
ar-ranged in alternating directions B
12 Nucleus pulposus Gelatinous, semifluid mass
forming the central core of an intervertebral
disc B
13 Ligamenta flava.Yellow ligaments Elastic
net-works of roughly parallel fibers between the
vertebral arches B
14 Zygapophysial joints Articulationes
zy-gapophysiales Joints between articular
processes of vertebrae C
15 Intertransverse ligaments.Ligg saria Narrow ligaments between transverseprocesses of vertebrae C
intertransver-16 Interspinal ligaments.Ligg interspinalia Broadligaments between adjacent spinous processes.B
17 Supraspinal ligaments Ligg supraspinalia.Longitudinal ligaments connecting the tips ofthe spinous processes C
18 Ligamentum nuchae.Sagittal extension of thesupraspinal ligaments in the upper neck region B
19 Anterior longitudinal ligament.Lig nale anterius Longitudinal ligament attached tothe ventral surface of the vertebral bodies B
longitudi-20 Posterior longitudinal ligament.Lig nale posterius Longitudinal ligament connect-ing the intervertebral discs It is attached to thedorsal surface of the vertebral bodies and thuslies on the anterior wall of the vertebral canal Itfuses with the tectorial membrane from the 3rd
longitudi-cervical vertebrae upward B
21 Sacrococcygeal joint.Articulatio gea Connection between the sacrum and coc-cyx; it is frequently a true joint, but often occurs
sacrococcy-as a synchondrosis D
22 Superficial dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament.Lig sacrococcygeum posterius (dorsale) superfi-ciale D
23 Deep dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament Lig.sacrococcygeum posterius (dorsale) profun-dum D
24 Ventral sacrococcygeal ligament.Lig coccygeum anterius (ventrale)
sacro-25 Lateral sacrococcygeal ligament.Lig coccygeum laterale D
sacro-26 Atlanto-occipital joint Articulatio occipitalis Joint between the atlas and the occip-ital bone See page 59 A B
atlanto-27 Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane.brana atlanto-occipitalis anterior Membranousconnection between the arch of the atlas and theoccipital bone It lies in front of the apical liga-ment of the dens B
Mem-28 Anterior atlanto-occipital ligament [Lig.
atlanto-occipitale anterius] Thickened portion
of the atlanto-occipital membrane emanatingfrom the anterior tubercle
29 Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane.brana atlanto-occipitalis posterior Connectionbetween the arch of the atlas and the occipitalbone situated in the posterior wall of the verte-bral canal B
Mem-30 Lateral atlanto-occipital membrane Lig.atlanto-occipitale laterale Oblique tract of fibersextending from the transverse process of theatlas to the jugular process of the occipital bone.Sutures, joints and ligaments
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Trang 16axialislateralis.Jointbetweentheinferiorarticu-lar facet of the atlas and the superior articuaxialislateralis.Jointbetweentheinferiorarticu-lar
facet of the axis A B
2 Median atlanto-axial joint.Articulatio
atlanto-axialis mediana Articulation between the atlas
and the dens of the axis C
3 Alar ligaments.Ligg alaria Paired ligaments
ex-tending from the dens of the axis to the lateral
margin of the foramen magnum A B
4 Apical ligament of the dens.Lig apicis dentis
Unpaired ligament extending from the apex of
the dens to the anterior margin of the foramen
magnum A C
5 Cruciform ligament of atlas.Lig cruciforme
atlantis Cruciate ligament consisting of the two
following ligamentous bands (6, 7) located
be-tween the dens and the tectorial membrane B
6 Longitudinal fasciculi of cruciform
liga-ment Fasciculi longitudinales Connective
tissue tracts from the body of the axis to the
ante-rior margin of the foramen magnum They are
sit-uated behind the dens and its apical ligament B C
7 Transverse ligament of atlas Lig
transver-sum atlantis Part of the cruciform ligament of
the atlas passing behind the dens and extending
transversely from one side of the atlas to the
other It holds the dens in position B C
8 Tectorial membrane Membrana tectoria
Bilayered continuation of the posterior
longi-tudinal ligament It passes from the axis to the
anterior margin of the foramen magnum and is
continuous with the dura-periosteal layer of the
skull base C
9 JOINTS OF THORAX.Articulationes thoracis
Ar-ticular connections of the skeleton of the thorax
10 COSTOVERTEBRAL JOINTS.Articulationes
cos-tovertebrales Joints between the ribs and
verte-brae D
11 Joints of rib heads.Articulatio capitis costae
(costalis) Articular unions that connect the
heads of the ribs with the vertebral bodies and
in-tervertebral discs D
12 Radiate ligament of head of rib.Lig capitis
costae radiatum Ligament radiating
predomi-nantlyfromtheanteriorsideoftheheadofaribto
the adjacent vertebral body and intervertebral
disc D E
13 Intra-articular ligament of head of rib.Lig
capitis costae intra-articulare Ligament
extend-ing from the crest of the head of the rib to the
in-tervertebraldisc.Itliesbetweenthetwoarticular
facets of the head of the rib E
14 Costotransverse joint.Articulatio
costotrans-versaria Joint between the articular surface of
the tubercle of the rib and the transverse process
of the corresponding vertebra D
15 Costotransverse ligament.Lig
costotransver-sarium Ligament between the neck of a rib and
the transverse process of the corresponding
vertebra D
16 Superior costotransverse ligament.Lig stotransversarium superius Ligament extend-ing from a rib to the next higher transverseprocess E
co-17 Lateral costotransverse ligament.Lig ansversarium laterale Ligament extending fromthe end of a transverse process to the corre-sponding rib D
costotr-18 Lumbocostal ligament.Lig lumbocostale Deeplayer of the thoracolumbar fascia Fibrous con-nection between the costal process of the lumbarvertebrae, the twelfth rib, and the edge of the pel-vis
19 Costotransverse foramen.Foramen versarium.Openingfortheintercostalnervesbe-tween the superior costotransverse ligamentand the neck of the rib E
costotrans-20 Sternocostal joint Articulationes costales Articulations between the costal car-tilage and sternum F
sterno-21 Intra-articular sternocostal ligament.Lig nocostale intra-articulare Ligament within thearticular cavity between the costal cartilage andsternum, especially pronounced at the 2ndrib F
ster-22 Radiate sternocostal ligaments.Ligg costalia radiata Fiber tracts located in front of thesternocostal joint and radiating from the end ofthe costal cartilage to the sternum F
sterno-23 Sternal membrane.Membrana sterni branous covering of the anterior surface of thesternum formed by the fibers of the radiate ster-nocostal ligaments F
Mem-24 Costoxiphoid ligaments.Ligg costoxiphoidea.Fiber tracts extending downward from the 7th
costal cartilage to the xiphoid process
25 External intercostal membrane.Membrana tercostalis externa Continuation of the externalintercostal muscles at the sternal end of the in-tercostal space F
in-26 Internal intercostal membrane.Membrana tercostalis interna Continuation of the internalintercostal muscles near the vertebral end of theintercostal space E
in-26 a Sternocostal synchondrosis of the first rib.Synchondrosis sternocostalis costae primae
27 Interchondral joints.Articulationes drales Articulations between the costal car-tilages, usually between those of ribs 6−9 Seepage 7 D
interchon-28 Costochondral joints.Articulationes ondrales Unions between the bony and car-tilaginous parts of ribs without an articular cav-ity
costoch-Sutures, joints and ligaments
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Ligaments between atlas,
axis and occipital bone
on right in cross section D
Ligaments of vertebral column and ribs
Trang 183 Articular disc.Discus articularis Biconcave disc
of fibrous tissue and fibrocartilage positioned
betweenthehead of the mandible and the
articu-lar fossa Since it is connected with the articuarticu-lar
capsule on all sides, it divides the joint into two
compartments, both of which are functional
units of the discocapsular system C
4 Lateral (temporomandibular) ligament.Lig
laterale A strong fibrous band occasionally
pre-sent on the lateral surface of the joint It passes
obliquely upward and forward from the neck of
the mandible A
5 Medial ligament.Lig.mediale.Reinforcementof
the medial wall of the capsule B
6 Superior synovial membrane.Membrana
syn-ovialis superior Synovial lining of the superior
articular cavity C
7 Inferior synovial membrane.Membrana
syn-ovialis inferior Synovial lining of the inferior
ar-ticular cavity C
8 Sphenomandibular ligament Lig
spheno-mandibulare.Flatligamentontheinneraspectof
the mandibular ramus extending from the
man-dibular foramen to the spine of the sphenoid
bone lateral to the foramen spinosum B
9 Stylomandibular ligament.Lig
stylomandibu-lare Ligament passing from the anterior surface
of the styloid process to the angle of the
mandible A B
10 Pterygospinal ligament.Lig pterygospinale
Broad connective tissue band extending from the
upper part of the lateral plate of the pterygoid
process to the spine of the sphenoid B
11 Stylohyoid ligament.Lig stylohyoideum
Liga-ment running between the styloid process and
the lesser horn of the hyoid bone Vestige of the
second pharyngeal arch B
12 JOINTS OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE
Articula-tiones cinguli pectoralis D E F G
13 Coracoacromial ligament Lig
cora-coacromiale Strong band extending from the
coracoid process to the acromion It forms the
roof of the shoulder joint D
14 Superior transverse scapular ligament.Lig
transversum scapulae superius Ligament lying
medial to the coracoid process and bridging the
scapular notch D
15 Inferior transverse scapular ligament.[Lig
transversum scapulae inferius] Weak fibrous
band passing from the root of the spine of the
scapula to the posterior margin of the glenoid
cavity F
16 Acromioclavicular joint.Articulatio
acromio-clavicularis Joint between the acromion and the
clavicle D
17 Acromioclavicular ligament Lig claviculare Strong fibrous band within andabove the articular capsule serving to protect andhold together the clavicle and acromion D
acromio-18 Articular disc Discus articularis tilaginous interarticular disc D
Fibrocar-19 Coracoclavicular ligament.Lig lare Two-part band connecting the coracoidprocess and the clavicle D
coracoclavicu-20 Trapezoid ligament Lig trapezoideum The
portion of the coracoclavicular ligament taking
an upward and lateral course from the coracoidprocess to the clavicle It lies between the conoidand coraco-acromial ligaments D
21 Conoid ligament Lig conoideum The portion
of the coraco-clavicular ligament medial to thetrapezoid ligament It arises from the root of thecoracoid process D
22 Sternoclavicular joint.Articulatio ularis Two-chambered joint between the ster-num and clavicle G
sternoclavic-23 Articular disc.Discus articularis Interarticulardisc anchored below to the first rib and above tothe clavicle G
24 Anterior sternoclavicular ligament.Lig noclaviculare anterius Band that reinforces theanterior wall of the joint capsule G
ster-25 Posterior sternoclavicular ligament.Lig noclaviculare posterius Band that reinforces theposterior wall of the joint capsule
ster-26 Costoclavicular ligament.Lig costoclaviculare.Ligamentous union between the first rib and theclavicle lateral to the sternoclavicular joint G
27 Interclavicular ligament.Lig interclaviculare.Ligament passing across the suprasternal notchand uniting both clavicles G
28 JOINTS OF THE FREE UPPER LIMB.Articulationesmembri superioris liberi
29 Shoulder (glenohumeral) joint Articulatiohumeri (glenohumeralis) D E F
30 Glenoid lip.Labrum glenoidale The tilaginous margin of the bony glenoid cavity E
fibrocar-31 Coracohumeral ligament.Lig coracohumerale.Thickened portion of the capsule passing fromthe root of the coracoid process to the upper mar-gin of the greater and lesser tubercles D E
32 Glenohumeral ligaments.Ligg alia Three thickened bands (superior, middle, in-ferior) within the anterior wall of the capsule D ESutures, joints and ligaments
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Temporomandibular joint, sagittal section
C
Lateral ligaments of shoulder, anterior view
lateral view
E
Shoulder joint, posterior view
Trang 201 Elbow joint.Articulatio cubiti (cubitalis)
Artic-ular connection between the upper arm and
forearm A
2 Humeroulnar joint Articulatio
humero-ul-naris Joint between the humerus and ulna
3 Humeroradial joint Articulatio
humero-radialis Joint between the humerus and radius
4 Proximal radioulnar joint.Articulatio
radio-ul-naris proximalis Joint formed by the articular
circumference of the radius and the radial notch
of the ulna
5 Ulnar collateral ligament.Lig collaterale
ul-nare Collateral ligament on the medial part of
the arm between the ulna and humerus A
6 Radial collateral ligament Lig collaterale
radiale Ligament which spreads from the lateral
epicondyle to the annular ligament of the radius
and the ulna A
7 Annular ligament of the radius.Lig anulare
radii Circular band embracing a part of the
artic-ular circumference of the radius It is attached to
the anterior and posterior margins of the radial
notch of the ulna A
8 Quadrate ligament.Lig quadratum Thin band
of fibers passing from the distal margin of the
radial notch of the ulna to the neck of the radius
9 Radioulnar syndesmosis (joint).Syndesmosis
[articulatio] radioulnaris Fibrous joint between
the radius and ulna
10 Interosseous membrane of forearm
Mem-brana interossea antebrachii Membranous
sheet which spreads between the interosseous
margins of the radius and ulna A
11 Oblique cord Chorda obliqua Ligamentous
band extending obliquely downward from the
ulnar tuberosity to the radius It runs in an
op-posite direction to most fibers of the
interos-seous membrane A
12 Distal radioulnar joint.Articulatio radioulnaris
distalis B
13 Articular disc.Discus articularis Interarticular
disc between the ulna and carpus It is attached at
the radius and styloid process of the ulna and, as
an intra-articular ligament, it connects the
radius and ulna B
14 Recessus sacciformis.Proximal extension of the
flaccid articular capsule B
15 Radiocarpal joint Articulatio radiocarpalis
Proximal wrist joint between the proximal row
of carpal bones and the radius including the
ar-ticular disc B
15 a Carpal joints.Articulationes carpi
16 Intercarpal joints.Articulationes intercarpales
Joints between the carpal bones permitting only
slight movement B
17 Midcarpal joint.Articulatio mediocarpalis The
distal wrist joint between the proximal and distal
rows of carpal bones B
18 Dorsal radiocarpal ligament.Lig radiocarpaledorsale Ligament on the dorsum of the wrist ex-tending from the radius to the triquetrum bone C
19 Palmar radiocarpal ligament.Lig radiocarpalepalmare Ligament on the flexor side radiatingfrom the radius to the lunate and capitate bones.D
20 Palmar ulnocarpal ligament.Lig ulnocarpalepalmare Ligament extending from the flexorside of the head of the ulnar chiefly to the capitatebone It often unites with fibers of the palmarradiocarpal ligament D
21 Radiate carpal ligament.Lig carpi radiatum.Groups of fibers radiating to both sides of thewrist mainly from the head of the capitate bone.D
22 Ulnar carpal collateral ligament Lig laterale carpi ulnare Collateral ligament extend-ing from the styloid process of the ulna to thetriquetrum and pisiform bones C D
col-23 Radial carpal collateral ligament.Lig laterale carpi radiale External collateral liga-ment passing from the styloid process of theradius to the scaphoid bone C D
col-24 Dorsal intercarpal ligaments.Ligg palia dorsalia Ligamentous bands extending be-tween the proximal and distal rows of carpalbones on the dorsum of the wrist C
intercar-25 Palmar intercarpal ligaments.Ligg palia palmaria Groups of ligaments between thecarpal bones on the palmar aspect below theradiate carpal ligament D
intercar-Sutures, joints and ligaments
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Elbow joint, anterior view
section
B
Carpal ligaments, dorsal view
Trang 222 Interosseous intercarpal ligaments.Ligg
in-tercarpalia interossea Ligaments penetrating
directly through the joint clefts between the
car-pal bones within a row A
3 Pisotriquetral joint.Articulatio ossis pisiformis
Articulation between the pisiform and
triquetrum bones A
4 Pisohamate ligament.Lig pisohamatum
Me-dial continuation of the tendon of the flexor carpi
ulnaris to the hook of the hamate bone B
5 Pisometacarpal ligament Lig
pisometacar-pale Lateral continuation of the tendon of the
flexor carpi ulnaris to the base of the fifth
meta-carpal B
6 Carpal canal or tunnel.Canalis carpi (carpalis)
Palmar canal located between the tubercles of
the scaphoid and trapezium on the one side and
thepisiformboneandthehookofthehamuluson
the other side It is bridged over by the flexor
reti-naculum (93.26) B
7 Metacarpal articulations.Articulationes
car-pometacarpales Slightly movable joints
be-tween the distal carpal bones and the
metacar-pals A
8 Dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments.Ligg
car-pometacarpalia dorsalia Rigid ligaments on the
dorsum of the hand between the distal carpal
bones and the metacarpal bones C
9 Palmar carpometacarpal ligaments.Ligg
car-pometacarpalia palmaria Ligaments on the
pal-mar side of the hand between the distal carpal
bones and the metacarpal bones B
10 Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Articula-tio carpometacarpalis pollicis Saddle joint
be-tweenthefirstmetacarpalandthetrapezium.AB
11 Intermetacarpal joints.Articulationes
inter-metacarpales Joints between the bases of the
metacarpal bones A
12 Dorsal metacarpal ligaments.Ligg
metacar-palia dorsalia Ligaments between the proximal
ends of the metacarpals on the extensor side C
13 Palmar metacarpal ligaments.Ligg
metacar-palia palmaria Ligaments between the bases of
the metacarpal bones on the palmar side B
14 Interosseous metacarpal ligaments Ligg
metacarpalia interossea Short, tense ligaments
at the bases of the metacarpal bones They lie in
the intracapsular spaces between the dorsal and
palmar metacarpal ligaments A
15 Interosseous spaces of metacarpus.Spatia
in-terossea metacarpi Spaces between the
meta-carpal bones A C
16 Metacarpophalangeal joints Articulationes
metacarpophalangeales Joints between the
heads of the metacarpal bones and the bases of
the proximal phalanges B
17 Collateral ligaments Ligg collateralia lateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangealjoints They slacken during extension of the fin-gers and become tense when making a closedfirst B
Col-18 Palmar ligaments.Ligg palmaria Fibers in thefloor of the tendon sheaths extending from theroot of the collateral ligaments to the palmarside They should not be confused with the annu-lar parts of the fibrous sheaths See page 92.28 B
19 Deep transverse metacarpal ligament.Lig.metacarpale transversum profundum Trans-versely oriented fibrous tracts on the palmar side
of the heads of the metacarpal bones at the level
of the joint spaces They hold the distal parts ofthe metacarpus together B
20 Interphalangeal joints Articulationes phalangeales manus Middle and distal joints be-tween the phalanges B
inter-21 Collateral ligaments of the interphalangealjoints.Ligg collateralia B
22 Palmar ligaments.Ligg palmaria Fibers whichpass into the floor of the tendon sheaths abovethe interphalangeal joints B
Sutures, joints and ligaments
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Trang 242 Obturator membrane.Membrana obturatoria.
Membrane which closes off the obturator
fora-men except for the obturator canal It is covered
by the obturator externus and internus muscles
A B C D
3 Obturator canal.Canalis obturatorius Opening
in the supralateral part of the obturator
mem-brane It corresponds to the obturator groove
be-tween the two obturator tubercles and is
traversed by the obturator artery, vein and nerve
A C D
4 Lumbosacral joint.Articulatio lumbosacralis
Articulation between the sacrum and lumbar
vertebra 5 (4) A
5 Iliolumbar ligament.Lig iliolumbale Strong
ligament that passes to the ilium mainly from the
transverse processes of L4 and 5 A B
6 Sacrotuberous ligament Lig sacrotuberale
Strong ligament that extends from the medial
margin of the ischial tuberosity to the sacrum
and ilium B D
7 Falciform process. Processus falciformis
Slender extension of fibers from the
sacro-tuberous ligament to the inner aspect of the
ischium B D
8 Sacrospinous ligament Lig sacrospinale
Fibrous band medial to the sacrotuberous
liga-ment It passes from the ischial spine to the
sacrum and coccyx and separates the greater
from the lesser sciatic foramen B D
9 Greater sciatic foramen.Foramen sciaticum
(ischiadicum) majus Foramen between the
greater sciatic notch, sacrum, sacrospinous
liga-ment and the upper part of the sacrotuberous
ligament It is traversed by the piriformis muscle,
superior and inferior gluteal arteries, veins and
nerves, the internal pudendal vein, pudendal
nerve, sciatic nerve and posterior femoral
cu-taneous nerve A B D
10 Lesser sciatic foramen Foramen sciaticum
(ischiadicum) minus Foramen between the
lesser sciatic notch and the sacrospinous and
sacrotuberous ligaments It transmits the
obtu-rator internus muscle as well as the internal
pu-dendal artery and vein and the pupu-dendal nerve to
the ischiorectal fossa B D
11 Sacroiliac joint Articulatio sacroiliaca Joint
connected by fibers that permits little motion
[[amphiarthrosis]] It is located between the
sacrum and the ilium and may become
syn-osteotic A
12 Ventral sacroiliac ligaments.Ligg sacroiliaca
anteriora (ventralia) Thin but broad fibrous
bandsthatextendfromtheanteriorsurfaceofthe
first and second sacral vertebrae to the ilium A D
13 Interosseous sacroiliac ligaments Ligg
sacroiliaca interossea Dorsal mass of ligaments
that pass from the tuberosity of the sacrum to the
tuberosity of the ilium B
14 Dorsal sacroiliac ligaments.Ligg sacroiliacaposteriora (dorsalia) Superficial bundle of liga-ments attached dorsally to the interosseoussacroiliac ligaments between the sacrum andilium B
15 Pubic symphsis.Symphysis pubica drosis that articulates with the interpubic disc A
Synchon-16 Superior pubic ligament Lig pubicum perius Fibrous connection between the twohalves of the symphysis emanating from the pec-ten ossis pubis on either side A
su-17 Arcuate pubic ligament.Lig arcuatum pubis.Strong, curved ligament below the symphysis A
18 Interpubic disc.Discus interpubicus tilage plate with a synovia-filled median groove,located between the articular surfaces made ofhyaline cartilage on the right and left pubicbones A
Fibrocar-19 JOINTS OF THE FREE LOWER LIMB.tiones membri inferioris liberi
Articula-20 HIP JOINT.Articulatio coxae (iliofemoralis) Jointformed by the acetabulum and the head of thefemur A B C
21 Joint capsule.Capsula articularis It is attachedanteriorly to the intertrochanteric line, posteri-orly above to the intertrochanteric crest A frac-ture of the neck of the femur can therefore be in-tracapsular when in the anterior region or extra-capsular when in the posterior region A
22 Orbicular zone.Zona orbicularis Ligamentousfibers encircling the neck of the femur B
23 Iliofemoral ligament.Lig iliofemorale Stronganterior ligament of the hip joint capsule extend-ing from the ilium to the intertrochanteric line AB
24 Ischiofemoral ligament.Lig ischiofemorale Itradiates into the orbicular zone from the poste-rior margin of the acetabulum and is also at-tached to the anterior margin of the greater tro-chanter and to the intertrochanteric line B
25 Pubofemoral ligament Lig pubofemorale.Ligament that arises medially from the joint cap-sule of the pubic bone and extends to the orbicu-lar zone and to the part of the femur proximal tothe lesser trochanter A
26 Acetabular lip.Labrum acetabulare A ring of brocartilage and connective tissue thatcompletes and deepens the bony acetabulum C
fi-27 Transverse acetabular ligament Lig
trans-versumacetabuli.Itbridgestheacetabularnotch.C
28 Ligament of head of femur.Lig capitis femoris
A smooth ligament extending from the lar notch to the pit on the head of the femur Ittransmits blood vessels and has no direct me-chanical action C
acetabu-Sutures, joints and ligaments
Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme
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Hip joint, opened
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Pelvic ligaments, medial view
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