Encyclopedia of Smart Materials (Vols 1 and 2) - M. Schwartz (2002) Episode 14 pptx

Controlled drug delivery 319 Controlled porosity 843 for ship noise control 1097 1098 for smart skin sound control 1035 for smart truss structures 1074 for vibration control 1088 Copolym

Controlled drug delivery 319 Controlled porosity 843

for ship noise control 1097 1098

for smart skin sound control 1035

for smart truss structures 1074 for vibration control 1088 Copolymers, Langmuir-Blodgett films 586 Copper, thermal properties compared

to Ni-Ti shape-memory alloys 629 Copper-aluminum-nickel shape-memory alloys 622 922 952

for ship noise control 1101 Copper-aluminum shape-memory alloys 952 Copper-based shape-memory alloys 922 951 952

recovery stresses 961 two-way shape-memory effect 957 958

Copper ferric sulfide, negative thermal expansion 1041 Copper halides, in photochromic glasses 770 773

Copper nitride anodes, lithium-ion batteries 81

Copper tin anodes, lithium-ion batteries 81

Corn starch, electrorheological material dispersed phase 377 Corrosion

conductive adhesives 333 marine environments 984

Couplings, electric power industry 884

Covalent molecularly imprinted polymers 669 Crabs, smart materials for studying 423

monitoring in structural concrete 64

Schrodinger’s equation-based simulation 271 self-diagnosis in fiber-reinforced

electromagnetic sensing for 456 460

smart automated cure control 463 with surface acoustic wave sensors 915 Current measurement, power industry applications 881

trans- Cyclohexane-1,2-diamide

cis- 1,3,5-Cyclohexanetricarboxamide

derivative organogelators 476 Cymbal (piezoelectric actuator) 1 147

cement matrix composites for 226

in ceramics and large-scale structures 891 earthquakes, self-diagnosis 582 fiber-optic sensors for 307 415 419

polymer matrix composites for 236 sensor array technology for aircraft 903 904 907

smart paints for 754 triboluminescence applications 190 1063 using dereverberated transfer function 520 533

Dampers

electrorheological fluids application 388 1091 lockable damper mechanism 449 magnetorheological fluids application 600

Dams

health monitoring 546 structural integrity 882 887

Data storage, optical See Optical

Daylight sensing, material characteristics for architectural smart materials 62

Dc motors, for ship noise control 1105

Debye polarization, and electrorheological effect 363 364 Decamethylferrocenium, tetracyanothanide

DekDyne microsensor 457 Delamination detection, ultrasound for 691 delta E effect 507 609

Demand controlled ventilation 64 Denisyuk hologram 180 Density determination, ultrasound for 690

Dental applications 82 hydrogels application 491 shape-memory alloy application 85 931

Dentures, shape-memory alloy application 86

Dereverberated transfer function, in structural health monitoring 520 damage detection approach using 533 nonuniform structures 525 Dermatitis, detecting with skin sensor 93 Dew-point hygrometers 912 917

Dew point measurement, surface acoustic wave sensors for 916 Dextrans, for enzyme immobilization 102

Diazepam, molecularly imprinted polymer-based assay 680

property-performance relationship 458 ultralow dielectric constant 438

Dielectric sensors for composite manufacturing 562 for cure monitoring 294 298

electromagnetic sensing 456 Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate chemical indicator 175 Differential Global Positioning Systems 550

Digital chronometer 448 Dimensional analysis noncontact ultrasound application 713 ultrasound application 691 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) detection porous silicon sensors 130 Direct chip attach technique 439

Direct fiber-optic sensors 719 Discrete fiber-optic sensors 719 Discrete spring-mass elements 520 nonuniform structures 525 Dispersions, memory effects 267 Dispersion-strengthened composites 246 Displacement transducers, for ship

Dot-matrix printer head piezoelectric actuator application 159 Double exchange 202 998

Drainage systems, smart materials for 60

Drug delivery systems 95 319 chitosan-based gels applications 185 glycoproteins for binding 99 hydrogels applications 322 491 495

Dry (intrinsic) electrorheological materials 379 381

Ducts, active noise control in ships 1107 1111

Dyes

as chemical indicators 174 Langmuir-Blodgett films 589

as pH indicators for power

industry applications 879 Dynamic aeroelasticity 49

Dysprosium See also Terfenol-D

shape-memory alloy application for structural elements 933 triboluminescence during 1055 Eastern Pacific bonito, ultrasonic telemetry 435

Eco-carat soil-ceramic material 1027

Edrophonium chloride, pulsatile delivery systems for 321 Eggo superelastic headphones (Sony) 930

n- eicosanoic (arachidic) acid

Langmuir-Blodgett films 585 Elasticoluminescence 190 Elastic properties determination noncontact ultrasound application 700 ultrasound application 691

electrorheological materials 376 epoxy resin toughening agent in

ferroelectric liquid crystalline 850 magnetorheological materials 598 Electrically-conductive adhesives 331 Electrically-induced triboluminescence 1054 Electrically-stimulated pulsatile drug delivery systems 321

Electrical power industry See Power

industry applications Electric motors, for ship noise control 1105

Electric vehicles, high energy density batteries required 68

Electrochemical cells 68 light-emitting, PPV application 799 804

Electrochemical micromachining 647 Electrochemical transduction, porous

in architectural smart materials 60 62 63

Electrochromic smart windows 352 357 360 1133 1135 1141

Electrochromic sol-gel coatings 356

Electrodischarge machining 634 Electroluminescent devices poly(p-phenylenevinylene) for 793 799

in architectural smart materials 62 63

Langmuir-Blodgett film applications 589 Electrolumiscence 1054 Electromagnetic actuators, for ship

Electromagnetic devices, biomimetic 112 Electromagnetic interference Shielding, conductive polymer composites application 274 Electromagnetic sensing, frequency dependent (FDEMS) 456 Electromechanical actuators 338 Electromyogram (EMG) assessment

of fish using telemetry 434 Electron energy-loss spectroscopy for smart perovskite characterization 1010

Electronic packaging 438 Electronic polarization, and electrorheological effect 363 364 387

Electronic Route Guidance Systems 550

Langmuir-Blodgett film applications 584 shape-memory alloy applications 934 Electron microscopy, precision

Electrophoretic mobility electrorheological fluids 379

Electrorheological fluids 362 376 for adaptive systems 17 28 30

for ship noise control 1100 1103

for vibration control 62 1084 1091

Electrostriction 139 218 342

smart perovskites 997 Electrostrictive actuators 1 340 Electrostrictive ceramics 139

See also Piezoelectric ceramics

Electrostrictive materials 860 for adaptive systems 17 28

for ship noise control 1099 1100

Electrostrictive single crystals 143

Emulsions, memory effects 267 Enclosed sound fields 1109 1112 Energy supply systems, smart

Engineering materials 214 243 Enhanced active constrained layer

Enzymatic biosensors 95 97 98

immobilization techniques 100

Enzyme-based drug delivery systems 324 Enzyme immobilization 101 chitosan-based gel application 188 conductive polymer application 281 Enzyme reaction-sensitive hydrogels 495

Epoxide-terminated polyurethane conductive adhesive 334 Epoxy fiberglass snubbers 1125 Epoxy molding compounds, flip-chips

Ethinyl estradiol, controlled release 324

dimethylmethacrylate-based molecularly imprinted polymers 671 672 675 677

β- Eucryptite, negative thermal expansion 1050 Euler buckling, material characteristics for architectural

Externally-regulated drug delivery systems 319 320

Extrinsic electrorheological materials 379 Extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer sensors 724 725

Extrinsic fiber-optic sensors 416 719

Extrinsic interferometric sensors 1102

Fabry-Perot fiber-optic sensors 719 727

for cure monitoring 297 for health monitoring 303 for ship health monitoring 987 Fabry-Perot interferometers 298 417 724 725 726

power industry application 878 Factors of ignorance 1117 Fail-safe design, of aircraft 313 Faraday-rotation transducers 881 Fast ion conductors 349 359

Fast polarization 364

shape-memory actuators 629 shape-memory alloys 926

Ferrite, for composite tagging 310

Ferroelectric ceramics in shape-memory 148 150

alloy/piezoelectric heterostructures 557 Ferroelectric hysteresis 341

piezoelectric ceramics 162 164 semicrystalline polymers 863 smart perovskites 993 Ferroelectric liquid crystalline elastomers 850 Ferroelectric liquid crystals 850 Ferroelectric relaxors 144 151 153 344 575

Ferro fluids, for gas leakage prevention 455

Ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys 936 Ferromagnetic tagged composites 310

for civil structure health monitoring 316

composite manufacturing applications 562 for cure monitoring 297 ß-eucryptite application 1051

Fiber Bragg grating sensors (cont.)

for health monitoring 303

power industry applications 878 sensor demodulation 408 sensor multiplexing 401 for ship health monitoring 988 for ship noise control 1102 Fiber Fabry-Perot filter 409 410

See also Fabry-Perot fiber-optic sensors

Fiber gratings 417 418

Fiber optic Fresnel reflectometers composite manufacturing applications 562 Fiber-optic sensors 62

See also Fabry-Perot fiber-optic sensors;

Fiber Bragg grating sensors for adaptive composite systems 17

in architectural smart materials 62 63 64

benefits and concerns 731 for civil structure health monitoring 315

for highway smart structure monitoring 546 547

introduction, evaluation, and application 715 for power industry chemical sensing 881

sensing mechanisms 719 720 for ship health monitoring 987 for ship noise control 1102 for smart structures 415 theory and applications 415 Fiber-optic transducers, power industry applications 876 Fiber-reinforced composites 246 continuous fiber reinforcement 251 fiber-matrix interface 248 randomly oriented fiber reinforcement 254 textile architectures 253 Fiber-reinforced concrete damage self-diagnosis 897 health monitoring via electrical resistance 311

smart highways 546 547

Fiber-reinforced plastics 246

See also Carbon-fiber reinforced

plastics; Composites; Glass-fiber reinforced plastics

damage self-diagnosis 891 fiber Bragg grating sensors 405 Fictitious control surface concept 50 Field-responsive chitosan-based gels 188

Films, Langmuir-Blodgett See Langmuir-Blodgett films Finite differences method 265 Finite elements methods 265 adaptive composite system modeling 19

for aircraft structure design 50 57

cavitative pest control calculation 763 memory fluid calculation 271 truss structure analysis 1067 for vibrational analysis 1116 1119 1124

Finite volumes method 265

Fish aquatic studies 119 423

metabolic rate determination 107 operant conditioning applications 423 424

Flip-chip on board technique 439

Floating monolayers 584 Flow control actuators 51

Flow metering, ultrasound for 691

Flow sensors, miniaturized 345

Fluidic applications chip fabrication 644

Fluorites, triboluminescence 1056 Fluorohydrocarbons, Langmuir-Blodgett films 585 Flutter, aircraft 45 49 Flux, for epoxy resins in flip-chips 443

Foams

magnetorheological materials 598 smart foam skin 1029 Food quality losses, reactions leading to 177

Foraging behavior studies 423 Force-sensing resistor 907

giant magnetostrictives for 511 magnetostrictives for 616 Formed-in-place membranes chitosan-based gel applications 187 Forum for Intelligent Materials 392

Fossil-fueled boilers 874 Foundry technology 214 Fractoluminescence 190

See also Damage detection

triboluminescence during Frangibolt release bolts 928 Free-free beam element 529 damage detection 535

Free stand zone melting, for giant

magnetostrictive material manufacture 508 Free system model 1070 Frequency, of vibration 1114 and displacement 1117

Frequency dependent electromagnetic sensing (FDEMS) 456 cure monitoring application 456 460

life monitoring application 467 molecular mobility sensing 459

Gene therapy, chitosan-based gel delvery 186

Germanium chalcogenide films 740 741 745 751

GFRP See Glass-fiber-reinforced plastics Giant magnetoresistance 202 Giant magnetostriction 601 Giant magnetostrictive materials 503

particulate/shape-memory alloy matrix composites 555

origins of effect 504 shape-memory alloys compared 623 Ginzburg-Landau formulation relaxation equations 272 Glass/epoxy composites, shapememory alloy fiber/polymer matrix composites 553

for enzyme immobilization 102 negative thermal expansion 1051 photochromic and photothermorefractive 770

triboluminescence 1055 1056 Glass-fiber-reinforced concrete damage self-diagnosis 897

Glass-fiber-reinforced plastics for aircraft health monitoring 314

cure monitoring 298 300

damage self-diagnosis 891 damage self-monitoring 392 and ken materials 581 582 583

tagging with ferromagnetics 310

Glassy carbon, in anodes for

lithium-ion batteries 80 Glazing materials 60 62 for smart windows 1133 Global Positioning System (GPS) with advanced automobiles 548 549 550

for fish telemetry studies 432

for ship health monitoring 987 Glucose biosensors 95 99 100 104

Glucose oxidase 99 100 105 106 325

in chemical valve 844 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 100 Glucose-responsive hydrogels 500 Glucose-responsive insulin delivery 106 325

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase, affinity precipitation 840

Goldfish, operant conditioning 424 428

Goldsmith tolerance factor 204 Golf clubs, shape-memory alloy application 930

GPS See Global Positioning System Graphite, noncontact ultrasound

Graphite/epoxy composites, shapememory alloy fiber/polymer matrix composites 553 554

Graphite-fiber-reinforced plastics

See Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics

Graphitic carbon, in anodes for

lithium-ion batteries 80 Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), Langmuir-Blodgett films 587 588

electrorheological fluid phase 377 magnetorheological materials 598 Great white sharks, acoustic telemetry 436

Green alumina, noncontact ultrasound examination 706 Greenhouse window opener shape-memory alloy application 930 Green porcelain, noncontact ultrasound examination 707 Green tungsten carbide, noncontact ultrasound examination 706 Gruneisen parameter 1039 1040 Guidewire cores, shape-memory application 931

of nonuniform structures 525 dereverberated transfer functions

of structural elements 520 highway structures 546

smart paints for 754 using wave dynamics 520