tóm tắt tiếng anh nghiên cứu chất lượng đào tạo công nhân kỹ thuật trong công nghiệp điện lực việt nam

Ministry of Education and Training University of National Economy DOAN DUC TIEN RESEARCH QUALITY OF TRAINING TECHNICAL WORKER IN ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY IN VIETNAM Specific area: BUSI

Ministry of Education and Training University of National Economy

DOAN DUC TIEN

RESEARCH QUALITY OF TRAINING

TECHNICAL WORKER IN ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY IN VIETNAM

Specific area: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

THESIS TO BE COMPLETED IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY

The scientific mentor:

Thesis can be found at:

- Library University of National Economy

- National Library

LIST OF RELATED RESEARCH Thesis by graduated students

1 Dang Ngoc Lam, Doan Duc Tien (2007), EVN group-level scientific research,

"Research on the building of the standard level of training technical workers in the power company under the Electricity of Vietnam";

2 Doan Duc Tien (2008), "Some problems of the technical worker training for the

electric power industry" category Economics and Management; The Industry

Magazine;

3 Tran Duc Hung, Doan Duc Tien (2009), Occupational Skill Standards , topic

"Construction of medium voltage power lines and distribution substation", building

the national professional skill standard - General Department of Vocational Training;

4 Nguyen Manh Tuan, Doan Duc Tien (2010), Hanoi Power Corporation topic

"Building systems training program software and examination manpower" (testing

officer; specialist; workers on the computer);

5 Doan Duc Tien (2011), "The training and development of human resources in the

Electricity of Vietnam today" category trade promotion and business management of

the Ministry of Trade, Industry Journal No 45;

6 Doan Duc Tien (2011), "Improving short-term training programs of technical

workers of the Electricity of Vietnam (EVN)" category Economics and Management,

Journal of Industry

Introduction

1 General

Today, electric power industry technology worker training, particular in Electricity

of Vietnam(EVN) is a current and strategy event Our Party has identifiedDevelopment of energy must take one step forward to meet the requirements of economic – social development, and to secure nation energy" To gain Industrialism, Modernisms of country, Electric power must be growth around the rate of 15% to 17% annual, and GDP growth with the rate of 8% to 8.5% every year According to latest EVN report (Project plant for training of human resources development report 2008 report), the share of technical worker of EVN is 49,13% electricity industry (the 42.715 employees) of the total human electric power sector

level is 13.379 people equivalent to 15.39%; employee with higher education was 20.224 accounting for 23,26%; employee with master and higher level are 565 , accounting for 0.65% Thus, technology worker of electric power industry is largest force, directs labor and manufacturing business of all electric power aspect, from North to South area as well as the work that EVN is investing oversea The strategy development of EVN from now to 2015 and vision 2020, electric power demand growth on average 10-12% /year Manpower is main factor of development protocol of electric power industry while technology worker is main direct productive force, represent highest number In 2011 - 2012, vision 2020 a compelling set out

An objective assessment, the technology Worker electricity industry has not fully meet and satisfy the requirements to perform development tasks of Electric Power Industry There are many reasons: First, the lack of uniformity and consistency model training and development; Second, lack of standards and regulations; Third, lacking coherence and complementarity between in-house training schools with on-site training; Forth, lack of good teachers and teaching facilities and modern learning; Fifth, many establishments employing not focused on work placement layout adaptation industries in which workers have been trained, leading to less labor productivity

From the above shortcomings, it is necessary to find solutions to tackle the gaps in the training of the Electricity Industry Worker today

With the desire to fill the gaps mentioned above, in order to improve the quality of training technical workers in the electricity industry, the author registration threads

"Research the quality of training technical workers in Vietnam Electricity Industry" as the content of his doctoral thesis

determine the criteria and evaluation methods Worker training quality

- To propose some solutions to improve the quality of training technical workers in the Electricity Industry Electricity of Vietnam

3 Scope of study

The thesis is limited by the scope of the research as follows:

- Contents of study: Industrial Electricity is a kind of economic - technical complexity In addition to the power produced from the traditional methods, such as thermal power, hydropower, in recent years, thanks to the achievements

in science and technology, has been the new technology to produce electricity,

as electricity from wind and solar enery, nuclear power in each sector thermal power, hydropower ., also include the process: sources (power generation), transmission and distribution Due to the complexity of the technologies and techniques in each stage, which focused dissertation delve into the distribution - the last important step, to bring power to the end user

- In space research: the area of survey research of the thesis is that some corporations, such as the Electricity Corporation Northern, Central, South, the Electricity Corporation of Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City and some schools, vocational training institutions EVN

- On the study period: The thesis focused on assessing the quality of training for the period 2005-2010 and propose solutions to improve the quality of education for 2011-2015 and 2020

4 Overview of research

4.1 The study of other countries:

There are many foreign research related to quality of training technical workers, but mainly addressed issues of vocational training system reform, improving the quality of human resources to solve the supply source Worker's labor is the period of national industrialization and modernization of the

- Asian Development Bank (ADB) (1990), with the report "Technical Education and Vocational Training" to report to specified functions and characteristics of the vocational training system, the national policy in job training Indicate the training meets the needs of different sectors in the economy; an important point of this report is already going into the structural

analysis system for vocational education and economic experimental model of

- Donal L.Kirkpatrick (1998) study suggested "assessment model training program with 4 levels", with the arguments and theoretical basis for assessing the quality of the training program with 4 levels of learners

Based on the development of quality assessment methods of Kirppatrick training programs, study authors surveyed rated the quality of training of the Electricity Industry Worker of the Electricity of Vietnam

4.2 A number of studies in the country:

- PhD thesis of Le Khac Doa (1989) on "Perfecting the system of vocational training in Vietnam", has been studying proposals to perfect the system of vocational training in Vietnam

- Prof Dr Pham Thi Thanh chaired ministerial-level "study the fostering of university teaching and teacher training" has shown the weakness and lack

of pedagogy in the training and retraining of teachers member in the 90s of

- Egineer.Ta Sy Thai (2000) with "Standardized Power Worker training program", has research focused on solving the problem-oriented framework

to build the Electric Power Industry Worker training system 2-year term

- Prof Dr Thai Ba Can (2004) to study the "Suggest methods to evaluate the quality of training to evaluate the effectiveness (measured by level, the results point), and external performance evaluation (time employment, professional success) "

- PhD thesis of Tran Khac Complete (2006) on "Combined training in schools and businesses to improve the quality of vocational training in Vietnam during the current period." The author argues that there should be coherence between schools and enterprises in vocational training and help support each other in interactive training between teaching theory and practice

- Dang Ngoc Lam (2007) with the project: "Research on development of standards of professional level technical workers in the company EVN", has made specific provisions on authorities, knowledge, qualifications Worker for the job The standards have helped the management level personnel of the Group for comparison grounded in meeting the standards necessary and sufficient conditions for each position of workers, from which it is oriented learning, training improve their skills and expertise

- Bui Hien Ton (2009) with research results "Employment of trained workers

in Vietnam", pointed out the following factors job training has a major impact on the quality of vocational training

- Le Quang Son (2009) to study "The experience of the United States, China, Singapore, Japan, on vocational training policies, including training of technical workers," pointed out the importance of the main macroeconomic policy of the state for training

- The latest project is "training plan human resource development of Vietnam Electricity Corporation for 2008-2010, projected to 2015." This

scheme is proposed and solutions-oriented planning of human resources for the entire staff team electricity industry

Thus, although there have been studies mention training technical workers, pointed out the factors affecting job training for technical workers, has set out and perform the tasks in order to improve the training of technical workers, like building a framework program for vocational training; pointed out the importance of the unified model of organization in the management

of vocational education system and employment for workers, indicating the lifting method high quality faculty and job but does not consider a study

to systematically assess the quality of training technical workers an industry that, especially the Electricity industry in Vietnam

These contents will be further serious research, in order to improve the training of human resources development of the Electric Power Industry Worker Vietnam

affecting the quality of training of technical workers, measurement and assessment the impact of these factors to the quality of training technical workers

7.2 In reality

Through quality research training Worker Sun Electricity of Vietnam and evaluate the quality of EVN Worker training in schools and enterprises, research results showed characteristics of industries affect nature Electricity training of technical workers and the quality assurance elements Electricity Worker training shall include: (1) Training objectives associated with the development objectives of the business, industry, society and international integration (2) management model appropriate training, integrated and combined businesses and schools in training, especially from the stage of vocational training (3) institutionalize the training of technical workers (4) Standardization of leadership, training managers, trainers, guides practice (5) financial mechanisms appropriate investment, with the participation of three houses: the State-House-school business Encourage socialization attract economic sectors, the resources involved in the training of technical workers Combining analytical and research practices Worker training of some countries

to improve the quality of training technical workers to meet the requirements for the country's industrialization and modernization, including electricity industry proposed a thesis measures contribute to improving the quality of training technical workers for the industry not only electricity, but also for other industries

8 Structure of the thesis

Besides an introduction, conclusion, reference lists and appendices, the main contents of the thesis is structured into three chapters, as follows:

Chapter 1 THEORETICAL AND PRATICE BASICALLY OF WORKER

TRAINING ON TECHNOLOGY

Chapter 2 REAL QUALITY TECHNICAL TRAINING INDUSTRIAL

WORKERS OF ELECTRICITY OF EVN

Chapter 3 LEGAL SOLUTION QUALITY IMPROVEMENT WORKER

TRAINING TECHNICAL ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY VIETNAM

Chapter 1

THEOTETICAL AND PRACTICE BASICALLTY OF TECHNICAL

TRAINING WORKER 1.1 SOME BASIC CONCEPTS

1.1.1 Quality and quality training

1.1.1.1 Quality

The term "quality" has been long used to describe attributes such as beautiful, good, fresh and above all value and high value use

Quality is not just a single feature that is characteristic of all decide how to meet customer requirements

The ISO defines quality as: "set of characteristics of an entity (object) created for the entity (object) that the ability to meet the requirements stated or implicit."

1.1.1.2 Quality of training

Quality training is the most important criteria, is a key factor determining the

"survival" of an institution operating in market economy When the funding mechanism is no longer training, the quality of education as a decisive factor in the development of training facilities and the manufacturing facilities benefit from education and training system So constantly improve the quality of training is almost impossible to neglect of management training

Quality training is expressed through output of a training process, which is the capacity of people participated in the training process to meet the objectives of the

training and marketing

1.1.1.3 Improving the quality of training

Improving the quality of training is the impact on the training process to improve the effectiveness of training, quality training programs, resulting in improving the quality of the training staff

1.1.1.4 Assessing the quality of training

Assessing the quality of training is to review, examine and collect evidence about the training process, training programs, training institutions, based on the quality criteria required for consideration for comparison, the points and draw conclusions about the quality of training

We can generalize: "Technical workers are workers who have completed at least one program of a vocational training at a vocational training institutions (including the production and business establishments) and granted certificates or diplomas are recognized by the current regulations "

1.1.3 Worker Education and Training

1.1.3.1 Training

Vietnamese Dictionary "Training" means "to make students become qualified under the standards of behavior" (1) Under this definition, can understand the word "training" is an activity for learners equipped capacity (knowledge, skills, attitudes) in a predetermined criteria, to become competent and friendly useful in specific tasks or any society activities

- The education and training in Vietnam using the concept of training: "Training is the process of purposeful activity, organized to achieve the knowledge, skills and techniques in the theory and practice practices, creating the capacity to

- Textbook Labor Economics from the University of National Economy, the concept of training is: "The process equipped with certain knowledge of professional services to employees so that they can always get a certain tasks " Training technical workers, "is the process of training activities targeted, organized and planned in the training system engineering practice to establish and develop the knowledge, skills, attitudes to individual employees at all levels to the level of practice, do complex tasks with higher productivity and efficiency, and capacity to adapt to the rapidly changing techniques and technologies in fact "

1.1.3.2 Training and technical workers

Study on "training" (vocational) there are many different approaches, from the perspective of different

Law on Vocational Training: "Vocational teaching and learning activities is to equip the knowledge, skills and professional attitudes necessary for trainees to be able to find employment or self employment after completing the course " In particular, vocational training is defined with three levels of training are: Primery, Elementary vocational training and Intermediate College

Thus, by author, Worker training is the process of professional training is characteristic of technical skills and training to the technical worker qualifications, job knowledge and technical expertise, skilled workmanship technical and professional work attitude Quality training of technial worker training in Electric Insustry is the process to train technical workers who meet the criteria of quality and meet the requirements of the electricity sector

1.1.4 The training program

The definition of White (1995) said: "Training is a training plan reflects training objectives that schools pursue, it tells us the content and methods of teaching and learning needed to achieve objectives " (2)

1.1.5 Other forms of training

1.1.5.1 Training in enterprises

Training in business primarily to improve professional training, regular refresher courses, short term to improve their workers' time to meet an urgent requirement

1.1.5.2 Training outside the enterprise

Besides the form of training in enterprises, enterprises send laborers to long-term training in schools When business demand for labor in the fields of business, or to prepare for the future workforce, self-organizing business recruitment, then sent a long-term training in schools with diverse professions and training systems: Technical workers; University; After college The number depends on the business policy and the specific needs of enterprises in the development strategy of the

business

1.1.5.3 Self-training to improve workers' qualifications

In addition, there are some business policies to promote employee self-improving learning, such as attendance at the outside working hours; improve school graduate depending under each condition, the environment in which businesses can apply policies accordingly

1.1.6 Management training and quality management training

1.1.6.1 Management training

Management training is the operating activities and coordinate the mobilization of social forces to promote training, improve the quality and effectiveness of training activities to meet the requirements of social and economic development trained manpower Today, management training is not just merely the operation of the institutions (the national training system), but also management oriented socialization towards the development benefits of the organization and businesses

1.1.6.2 Quality management training

When it comes to quality management, we can think of the quality management - quality management of commodities Prof Nguyen Dinh Phan pointed out that:

"currently exist different definitions of quality management, but the most common definitions are: quality management is systemic and synchronous control purposes treatment is to ensure quality and improve the quality of products and services throughout the product life cycle (design, production, consumption) in order to satisfy consumer demand "

Thus, quality management training can be understood as a production management process (the process of teaching and learning management) that output here is technical worker quality, is shown in professional knowledge, ability to meet work, skilled and professional skills or specialized

1.2 FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF WORKER TRAINING ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING INDUSTRY

1.2.1 The external factors

The external factors that affect the training of technical workers of enterprises and organizations, including two types of environment: macroeconomic environment, such as economic factors, population, state laws, culture - social, scientific - technical and environmental sectors, such as competitors, customers In addition, two factors: the system of state policy and evaluation, social recognition for training technical workers, have deeply influenced by the quality of training of this object, will be authors separated for separate study

1.2.1.1 Macro Environment

Macro environment include economic factors; cultural factors - social system of law and technical factors - technology

1.2.1.2 Environment sector

Worker training itself is oriented activities, aimed at one or several economic sectors - specific techniques Therefore, it is subject to the environmental impact of industry: competition factor; factor customers; factor suppliers

1.2.1.3 State's policy on training

As mentioned above, the system of national policies on macro-environmental groups However, because of its importance for the field of human resource training, so this factor is extracted for separate study It covers the following policies: Policy on the labor market; development policies Worker training

1.2.2 The inner elements

The process of training human resources in general and technical workers in particular, at different levels, were conducted in different facilities, which are the basis of professional education (schools) and training in the business industry

In this section, research dissertation factors affecting the quality of training technical workers at two institutions (enterprises and training institutions)

1.2.2.1 Within the enterprise environment

Environment within an enterprise, including all the elements and the internal systems of business enterprises which can be controlled Businesses should try a thorough analysis of internal factors that, in order to determine the advantages and disadvantages of her On that basis, given the measures to overcome disadvantages and promote advantages to gain maximum advantage Related to training and human resource development including internal factors, mainly including functional areas such as business objectives, human resources, research and development, manufacturing, finance , marketing, and general organizational routines

- The objectives of the enterprise in the training of human resources

- Policies and strategies for human resources of enterprises

- The atmosphere of the business culture

- Ability to funding for the training of human resources

1.2.2.2 Factors affecting the quality of education in schools

Thesis indicate the factors affecting the quality of the training are: (1) Input, (2) In the training process, (3) Output, in evaluating the outputs have greatly affect the quality of training

1.2.3 The characteristics of the electricity industry affect the quality of training technical workers

1.2.3.1 Electricity Industry is the scientific branches of high technology, complex, high pollution

The electricity sector is a particular industry, manufacturing and business-specific product is electric power supply operation and systematic high Construction and operation of the system requires very large investment (investment carpacitor / 1kWh commercial electricity) compared to many other heavy industries; therefore

requires the investment of state support Worldwide, more than 90% of the corporation electricity corporation held by the state for capital and operating The development strategy, building the power sector are decided by the government With the boom of science and technology, electric power industry has developed the world's diversity of power sources Initially the traditional sources, such as thermal power, hydropower, has appeared many different sources, from electricity and gas, electricity from solar energy, wind power and nuclear power Each form of electricity generation (by source) have different requirements on technology, technology which requires the source of very high technology, such as

Electricity industry is not only electricity, but also to deliver electricity for sale to household consumers Unlike other commodities, is transported by means of simple, traditional, the distribution of electricity to a transmission system characteristics that are generally not used for any other commodity; by So there should be management processes operate, own operations

Transmission system and distribution of electricity transmission is implemented with a voltage of 500 kV common; 220 kV, 110 kV, 35 kV, 22 kV and 10 kV and

6 kV, 0.4 kV ac; in many countries have developed on the transmission line dimensional and super high AC voltage to 750 kV; 1000 kV In addition, the operating system on network devices and substation systems business also included the construction and installation of advanced equipment and modern, such as closed station system, GIS; line Thermal system of intelligent network; switchgear, protection of art; a modern system like DAS, SCADA for the

Exclude sources of energy such as wind, solar, tide do not pollute the rest of the other sources, especially coal, diesel, run gas and hydro power nuclear power, are causing pollution in varying degrees Thermoelectric air pollution (smoke, dust) and solid waste emissions Hydropower altered water, aquatic areas downstream, even causing droughts, floods caused by deforestation watershed water, flood social impact for agricultural production In particular, nuclear power is likely to cause great loss of safety, if safety measures are not strictly

Electricity is a product very unsafe in the production, transmission, distribution and use Except for low voltage power supply from 110V or less, the high voltage source can be dangerous and even affect human lives Therefore, the safety measures are required was very high in production, transmission, distribution and use of electricity

Power system operation requires power industry workers, especially skilled labor staff (direct employees) must have the expertise, skill mastered skills, steel labor discipline, work attitudes focus, ability to coordinate team work and cooperation in labor and production From construction and installation labor power plant construction, to management - operation, the electric system, anyone in any field, any position of work also requires that workers were the virtues billion thorough, careful, accurate work The working environment of extreme electricity toxic high risk of falls (training operation, construction and installation), the effects from electromagnetic fields cause cancer (stations and high voltage lines), causing

toxins from oil cancer (experimental craft, measure), dust pollution of thermal power plants All occupations such as construction and installation, to repair, operation, regulation and management system always lurking accidents, the accidents are very pitiful, very low survival The question for us is the training of employees, Worker Power and resources to ensure the quality of how to meet the requirements of production in a severe environment such as the electricity industry That nothing is to improve the quality of staff training for team power sector, especially in direct labor Worker

For these reasons, the training of human resources in general and in particular Worker training for Electrical, requires methods and program-specific curriculum Training human resources quality, there will be power quality, high efficiency (saving raw materials, fuel) and ensure safety for both producers and users of electric power

1.2.3.2 Works with large area, diverse

The production facilities are generally distributed throughout the country (often associated with raw material providers) In addition to thermal power plants have a chance in the plains, while the hydro plants, often in remote areas, remote and mountainous regions

In the field of transmission and distribution, as well as other goods manufacturing industry, electricity industry to bring their goods, electricity, the consumer is the household or the production and trading But as with other commodities, there are many individuals and organizations involved with many media distribution, different paths For the electricity industry, transmission and distribution of electricity to the grid, without any institutions or individuals can also invest And power must be brought in both regions and remote areas to serve

The diversity of geographic location, work environment leads to particular employees and the adaptation of workers under the climate is different Working conditions, work environment and the impact level is varied It clearly shows the power sector for technical workers with work placement, work environment, work areas, different professions have different demands on the labor standards of competence

1.2.3.3 To provide essential products for production and life

Electricity is an essential product of society It serves the life and industrial production and business services For every nation, power must go before a step, referred to as the industry's bread; it is next to the meet the increasing demand of people's lives Quality power supply is not just power criteria as the previous year that require the international standardization of frequency, voltage, stability, continuity plans as required to provide customers row There are many industries require the power supply requires a rigorous, accurate, with each indicator, such as sensitivity protection, safety, reliability, voltage, frequency, continuous .; Requires increasingly high quality electric service to supply more and more perfect

to meet the requirement, along with investment, upgraded grid system; human element is set up leading and very important From the customer communication,

the new service installation, repair and operation to ensure stability and safety of the grid should be especially emphasized To obtain these results, factors that directly affect workers is directly engaged in the production of electricity units

1.2.3.4 Competitive pressures from the labor sector other services

The electricity sector as not only business but also make simple tasks ensure the security, political, operating tool is macroeconomic and welfare service life of the government, but especially of the Party and State

Production of electricity to supply the market, but for the hydropower projects are subject to the regulation of the country to ensure the hydrology, water supply for downstream areas to serve the agricultural sector and the needs other people's welfare In addition, the electricity industry is subject to price regulation power output in accordance with the government, in order to adjust macroeconomic stabilizing people's daily lives

The pressure of market economy regulated by the State, branches of Vietnam electricity industry is facing many challenges, in that:

- Difficulty in calling for investment in electricity production by monopoly distribution system; large investment rates, low capital recovery capabilities; business costs high, low electricity prices led to the first investment is not profitable Should not encourage all economic sectors and domestic and foreign private investment in electricity production, leading to supply shortages

- Demand increasing use both electric power and industrial activity, leading to severe overcrowding; electricity industry does not meet enough electricity for production and daily life, causing social pressure

- Doing business without a profit, leading to inability to re-invest, tattered electricity grid operation is not guaranteed

- Human resources in short supply due to increasingly low-wage, social welfare policy is not done because there is no interest The training of human resources development on a narrow, declining labor quality, especially in attracting talent

To have a good labor force quality, especially team Worker Power and Electricity sector resources before such context, training more than ever need emergency measures to ensure effective and protect the stability and development of EVN

1.2.4 These criteria reflect the quality of technical workers Electricity Industry

Based on the analysis of the technical quality of labor, based on indicators of labor quality in general and electrical characteristics of the authors think Worker Power and power quality is reflected by specific criteria able, as follows: (1) Worker Power and trained forces to the school's Worker Training Electricity, supplied by the Worker, with intermediate vocational training college; qualified professional knowledge, skills, hand workers of professional standards (2) Worker Power and resources with the behavior of industrial labor Observance of labor discipline, procedures, codes of strict power sector, (3) good health, no chronic disease; be able to work well, meeting the specific requirements of quality power factor health

of the electricity industry; (to ensure the health work in the electricity industry