English Language Tests-Intermediate level''''s archiveContemporary theories in management ppt

English Language Tests-Intermediate level's archive Contemporary theories in management 1.. Carter McNamara explains that contemporary theories of management tend to account for and hel

English Language Tests-Intermediate level's archive

Contemporary theories in management

1 Carter McNamara explains that contemporary theories

of management tend to account for and help interpret the

rapidly changing nature of today's organizational

environments; as before in management history, these

theories are in other sciences as well

precious

precocious

preserved

prevalent

2 Contingency theory asserts that when managers make

a decision, they must take into all aspects of the

current situation and act on those aspects that are key to

the situation at hand: basically, it's the approach of 'it

depends'

account

concern

effect

focus

3 For example, if one is leading troops in the Persian

Gulf, an style is probably best, but if one is leading a

hospital or university, a more participative and facilitative

leadership style is probably preferred

autistic

autocratic

automatic

autonomic

4 In systems theory, a system is a collection of parts

to accomplish an overall goal; if one part of the

system is removed, the nature of the system is changed

as well

unified

unionized

united

unitized

5 For example, a pile of sand is not a system, because if

one removes a sand particle, you've still got a pile of sand;

on the other hand, a functioning car is a system because if

you remove the , you've no longer got a working car

carburetor

cartridge

combustor

compressor

6 Systems theory has brought about a significant change,

or shift, in the way management studies and

approaches organizations

paradigm

paradox

parallax

parallel

7 Chaos theory recognizes that events indeed are rarely

controlled; theorists suggest that systems naturally go to

more complexity, and as they do so, these systems

become more (or susceptible to cataclysmic events)

and must expend more energy to maintain that complexity

versatile

vertiginous

volatile

voluble

8 As they expend more energy, they seek more structure

to maintain stability, and this trend continues until the

system splits, combines with another complex system or

falls entirely

apart

asunder

down

through

9 The main behind this theory is the underlying

notion of small occurrences significantly affecting the

outcomes of seemingly unrelated events

precept

preview

pursuit

purview

10 Related to financial markets, proponents of chaos

theory believe that price is the very last thing to change for

a stock, bond, or some other security, and that price

changes can be determined through mathematical

equations

plangent

pungent

stringent

tangent