Summary phd thesis in philosophy working quality of higher education intelligentsia in vietnam currently

Research purposes The research is to definite a systematic conception of working quality of higher education intelligentsia in order to establish a scientific arguments ofassessment of r

TRAN THI LAN

WORKING QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLIGENTSIA IN VIETNAM CURRENTLY

Major : Scientific Socialism Code : 62 22 85 01

SUMMARY PHD THESIS IN PHILOSOPHY

HA NOI - 2014

Scientific supervisor: PROF DR HOANG CHI BAO

Reviewer 1:……….

Reviewer 2:……….

Reviewer 3:……….

The PhD thesis will be defensed in front of a jury and marked by at

Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics

At…: On 2014

The PhD thesis is available in National Library and the Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics

1 Urgency of the topic

Entering the twenty-first century, the development of the knowledgeeconomy and the revolution of science and technology not only definites thetop-ten situation of human in productive force but also more and more clearlyunderstand the extremely significant role of the intellectual resource in thedevelopment of the internal resources in each nation, each country

Vietnam is in the period of turning-point for development and promotion ofindustrialization and modernization The context of the world and the era iscreating prospects and favorable conditions for Vietnam as well as places ournation in the face of many risks, severe challenges in the process of integration,

of which intellectual lagging and backwardness are the most fearful things.

As a cradle of training high-quality human resources, the higher education ofVietnam hold a heavy responsibility to the creation and development ofintellectual potential of the nation This explains the reason why theovercoming of high-level human resources through improving labor quality ofhigher-education intelligentsia is considered as a strategic solution to theprotection and development of Nation that should be taken interest by Vietnam.This is a direct result arising from an increase in intellectural resources that ispaid special attention by Vietnam and other countries in the face ofKnowledge, science and technology-based economic competition

This serious problem is also explained from long-term weaknesses oftraining quality of higher-education human resource in Vietnam The moredeeply Vietnam penetrates into the integration, the more affected training ofhuman resource of Vietnam will be by the rules of competition and thenegative impacts of the dark side of market mechanism Qualification andcapacity insufficiency, expression of individualism, pragmatism, formalism inlabor and lack of devotion of many people in the intellectural and educators totheir great responsibility to the education career Especially, quality of highereducation trained human resources does not meet requirements of domestic and

international labor market that is completely stranger to the nature of creative

scientific pedagogical labor and Noble Qualities of teachers If it is not

promptly remedied, human resources will be affected not only in the presentbut also in the future

Synchronous solutions, in particular, groundbreaking remedies play animportant role in overcoming those difficulties and challenges as well as inimproving the mentioned actual situation It is requirement of development ofhuman resource that makes working quality of higher education intelligentsiabecome a top interest of managers and leaders as well as of the whole societyduring implementation of educational revolution On the other hand, it also

ensure the the existence, sustainable development of Vietnamese higher

education institutions in the context of competition and international integration, inthe face of expectations of the society for the innovation of educators, programsand higher education methods with the aim of improving quality of trained humanresource This is the urgent demands of society, a difficult and complex task, wastemuch effort, time, intellectual faculties and money.

On a higher plane, concerning responsibility and conscience of the society,the interest in working quality of higher education intelligentsia means caringabout training intelectual resources of the nation It is needed to find agroundbreaking of human potential on the material racks of economicdevelopment in order to ensure reliability of the development strategy andsustainability The key of creating the higher education human resources is

working quality of the intelligentsia and educators.

With the such dialectical perspective, we can see the importance and urgency

of innovation of higher education, starting from innovation of working quality

of managers and generations of lecturer Interpretation and survey of the issuefor finding out the solution to development not only bring theoretical meaningbut also contribute to implement verification of quality of universities inaccordance with standards of Ministry of Education and Training with the aview to “basic and comprehensive innovation of the education” according tothe Resolution 8 in the 11th session of the Communist Party

For the above reasons, the author chooses the issue “Working quality of higher education intelligentsia in Vietnam currently” as the topic for the

doctoral dissertation

2 Research purposes and tasks

2.1 Research purposes

The research is to definite a systematic conception of working quality of

higher education intelligentsia in order to establish a scientific arguments ofassessment of real situation in Vietnam, and then solutions to improvingworking quality of Vietnamese higher education intelligentsia are suggested inthe beginning decades of the twenty-first century

2.2 Research tasks

In order to achieve the said purpose, apart from overview of the researchsituation related to intellectual issues, higher education intelligentsia, thedissertation is focused on performing the following basic tasks:

- Clarigying the theoretical basis of working quality of Vietnamese highereducation intelligentsia from showing the general conception to showing laborcharacteristics, assessment criteria and assessment of improvement of workingquality of Vietnamese higher education intelligentsia presently

- Assessing the real situation of working quality of Vietnamese highereducation intelligentsia and arising issues

- Suggesting some key solutions in order to improve working quality ofVietnamese higher education intelligentsia with the view to meeting requirements

of international integration, development of intellectual economy and promotion ofindustrialization and modernization of the country.

3 Subject, scope of research:

3.1 Research subjects:

The dissertation researches into working quality of Vietnamese highereducation intelligentsia in the progress of innovation and promotion ofindustrialization and modernization of the nation along with impacts of trend ofinternational integration and the great development of knowledge economy

3.2 Scope of reseach

- Quality of the higher education intelligentsia consists of a large content

Nevertheless, the dissertation only researches into three main aspects viz teaching,

scientific research and education management of higher education intelligentsia in

Vietnamese public universities

- Concerning time, the dissertation surveys the real situation of working quality

of Vietnamese higher education inntelligentsia in the range from 2000 to 2013and establishes solutions to improvement of working quality of such intelligentsia

-The dissertation is also inherited research results related to dissertations ofauthors in Vietnam and in the world

4.2 Method of research

The disseration is performed on the basis of methodology of dialecticalmaterialism and historical materialism, method of logics and history andinterdisciplinary methods such as analysis, summary, sociological investigation,comparison and generalization

5 New scientific contributions of the dissertation

- The dissertation systematically researches into issues concerning workingquality of higher education intelligentsia in terms of philosophy - politics - society

6 Theoretical and practical significances of the dissertation

- The dissertation contributes to the development of new theoretical andpractical research direction for working quality of Vietnamese higher educationintelligentsia with the combination of philosophy - politics - society andeducation

- The dissertation contributes to the consolidation of scientific arguments as thebasic of planning guidelines and policies of the Party and of the State on highereducation intellectual activities in the new conditions

- The dissertation can be used as a reference for researching and teachingtopics related to intellection and higher education intellection

7 Structure of the dissertation

Apart from the introduction, conclusion, list of references, appendix, thedissertation is divided into 4 chapters, 11 lessons

Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH RELATED TO THE DISSERTATION

1.1 RESEARCHES IN VIETNAM WITH THE REGARD TO THE DISSERTATION

1.1.1 Typical researches direct discussing the knowledge

In the context of increase of interest in resources for development of thecountry in the period of industrialization and modernization, there are manyState-level scientific topics, projects, dissertations and scientific articlesexplaining various knowledge aspects In order to continue clarifying nature ofMarxism - Leninism science, revolutionary and appropriate awareness ofVietnamese Communist Party about knowledge, such researches has givenplausible interpretation of roles and missions of knowledge in promotion ofindustrialization and modernization of the country By the interpretation ofpotiential of Vietnamese intelligentsia with the respect for the knowledge,authors suggested practical solutions to promotion of roles of intelligentsia inorder to meet requirements of integration and development of knowledgeeconomy

1.1.2 Researches into higher education, characteristics and working quality of higher education intelligentsia

Firstly, researches gave the general outline of higher education intelligentsia:

With the view on considering higher education intelligentsia as a factor thatdirectly affecting training quality of human resource, many researchers focused

on explaination of situation and roles of higher education intelligentsia andfinding out basic solutions in order to create motivation for educators andlecturers at undergraduation education level

Secondly, researches directly discussed working characteristics of higher education intelligentsia, namely:

The article “Working characteristics of lecturers in universities and vocational training schools”, Journal of higher and professional education, Vol 5/2000 by author Do Van Phuc mainly emphasized creative labor, intellectual labor with some harmful elements and typical tensions of higher

Studying on the characteristics of higher education, Dr Nguyen Ba Can in his

dissertation “Competition of policy on Vietnamese higher education development presently”, Hanoi, 2009 showed that products of higher education have their unique

quality – viz labors take responsibility to their families, the society and the nation

Thirdly, the researches initially mentioned working quality of higher education intelligentsia, notably:

Vietnam National University, Hanoi Key topic, 2006, code: QGTĐ.02.06:

“Researching into creating assessment criteria of higher education activities

and scientific research of lecturers in Vietnam National University, Hanoi”

was leaded by Prof Dr Nguyen Duc Chinh and Assco.Prof.Dr Nguyen Phuong

Nga and accepted The report “Higher education and skills for Growth”, 2008

by Human Development Department of East Asia and Pacific Region underWorld Bank They are researches into measurement and assessment ofefficiency of responsibility implementation of educators carried out byspecialists, thus the research result plays an important role in suggestingdirection of general assessment of working quality of higher educationintelligentsia currently

Moreover, there are many other independent articles of scientific researchesinto quality of higher education in general, typical: Nguyen Duc Chinh,

Nguyen Phuong Nga: “Researching into construction of assessment criteria of

higher education training quality”, Journal of Higher and professional

education, 2000, Vol 7; Ta Thi Thu Hien: “Quality assurance system in

universities according to viewpoints of network of universities in Southeast Asia

region”, Journal of Political Theory and Communications, Vol 08/2011; Le Huu

Ai, Lam Ba Hoa: “Higher education in Vietnam currently – Actual situation and solutions to improvement of quality”, Journal of Philosophy, 2010, Vol 9; Pham Ngoc Trung: “Quality of education in Vietnamese universities presently”, Journal

of Political Theory and Communications, 2011, Vol 8

By researching into different conceptions of quality in sectors, the authorshas taken their general conceptions of quality of higher education, wherebythey can determine assessment criteria and suggest some solutions toimprovement of working efficiency of higher education intelligentsia inVietnam currently

1.2 INTERNATIONAL RESEARCHES WITH REGARD TO THE DISSERTATION

In almost countries, higher education intelligentsia are appreciated by theirStates In many subjects to researches, it is nescessary to take interest in theintelligentsia, educators, especially lecturers, typically: J.Vial in the book

named “History and News about teaching methods”, 1993; J.A Centra with the research into: “Self-assessment of university lecturers: A comparison of student’s assessment", Journal of Educational Assessment, Vol 13, 1973; Ph.N.Gônôbôlin: “The psychological qualities of the teachers”, Education Publishing House, 197;Franz Emanuel Weinert: “Development of awareness of studying and teaching”, Education Publishing House, Hanoi, 1998; Especially,

UNESCO has held activities on human intelligence of an education for the 21st

century with “Higher Education in the Twenty - First Century - vision and

Action”, World Conference on Higher Education, Paris, October, 1998.

Summary of the said researches defines a new conception of workingcharacteristics of educators at undergraduate education level Whereby, quality

of higher education is considered as a multi-dimensional concept coveringevery roles and activities of the universities

1.3 VALUES AND SHORTCOMINGS OF RESEARCHES WITH REGARD TO THE DISSERTATION AND ISSUES NEED TO BE CLARIFIED IN THE RESEARCH

From overview of the research projects related to the dissertation, the authorwould like to make an overall assessment as follows:

Firstly, research projects outlined approaches to higher educationintelligentsia and intelligentsia Notably, those views considers theintelligentsia as a social force, a social class who are identified and classified

by nature of intellectual, creative and complex labor

Secondly, the theoretical studies of intelligentsia and higher education

intelligentsia are various but there is no State-level special research, project,scientific research, dissertation focusing on interpretation interpretation ofissues concerning working quality of Vietnamese higher educationintelligentsia

Thirdly, under the angle, aspects, scope of different studies, the researches

mentioned working natures of lecturers in each aspect, mainly focusing onresponsibility, tasks, subject, impact tools and working natures of lecturers andscientists

Fourthly, in the aspect of working quality of higher education intelligentsia,

published researches were mainly focused on assessing lecturers’ tasks underthe angle of approach of education In fact, working quality of higher educationintelligentsia is not studied globally and systematically by interdisciplinaryperspective of philosophy - politics - society – education

Fifthly, many actual aspects concerning improvement of working quality of

Vietnamese higher education intelligentsia have been clarified such as actualsituation, issues steamed from such situation; regulations of working quality

of higher education intelligentsia in training institutions nationwide; regime,level, impact of the guidelines, policies and laws on improvement of workingquality of this group currently

Sixthly, clarification of working quality of Vietnamese higher education

managers is a new issue, there is no in-depth research towards building into atheory and practical summary of working quality of this group in order tomeet requirements of basic and comprehensive innovation of Vietnamesehigher education today

Seventhly, many issues settled by the author such as:

- With the philosophy - politics - society – education interdisciplinaryapproach, the dissertation forms a new systematic conception of workingquality of higher education intelligentsia

- Construction of scientific arguments for the necessity of improvement ofworking quality of Vietnamese higher education intelligentsia today

- The dissertation establishs assessment criteria of working quality of highereducation intelligentsia in some public universities

- The dissertation clarifies some problems concerning working quality ofVietnamese higher education intelligentsia, whereby the author suggests somekey solutions to improvement of working quality of higher educationintelligentsia in Vietnam presently

Chapter 2 RATIONALE ON LABOR QUALITY

OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLIGENTSIA

2.1 CONCEPT OF INTELLIGENTSIA, HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLIGENTSIA AND LABOUR OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLIGENTSIA

2.1.1 Concept of intelligentsia

Intelligentsia is a term, a science concept with different connotations.Accordingly, when considering the concept of intellectual requires attention to

history - specific and perspective approach In consistent with the concept of

Marxism - Leninism, Communist Party of Vietnam on intelligentsia, we believe

that, intelligentsia is a social class characterized by method of intellectual

labor and creativity They are the main force directly involved in the innovation, preservation and dissemination of knowledge, contributing to the development of cognitive science and social progress.

Intelligentsia is recognized in the following outstanding characteristics:Intelligentsia is not a class but a special and typical social class Intelligentsiashould be considered an individual - entity with creative personality, education,knowledge being form through continuously training, fostering and developing

by way of self-training, self-picking up and completing in creative labors and

activities as well as genuine intelligentsia, knowledge must be associated withdedication; political ideals and social responsibility should be expressedthrough ideal career, particular professional activity, deeply attached to hismotherland and people

2.1.2 Concept of higher education intelligentsia of Vietnam

Vietnam higher education intelligentsia is a typical or specific social force or

a social- career group of intelligentsia; entity of pedagogical activities in the field of higher education with the duty of teaching; researching science, applying & transferring technology; organizing and managing pedagogical activities to raise people's knowledge, train the high levels of human resource and develop talented people for the country.

In the process of building socialism in our country today, the roles andresponsibilities of Vietnam higher education intelligentsia are more and moreformed clearly as follows:

Firstly, Vietnam higher education intelligentsia must directly associate the

training with scientific research, activities of schools with production andcommunity services

Secondly, Vietnam higher education intelligentsia is a striking force, key force

directly to build the advanced higher education of Vietnam, significantlycontribute to develop the country's education

Thirdly, with the role of intellectual resources, Vietnam higher education

intelligentsia participates directly in training human resource, building team ofexperts, scientists to meet requirements of labour quality of socio-economy.

Fourthly, Vietnam higher education intelligentsia contributes to improve the

national capacity of scientific and technology

Finally, Vietnam higher education intelligentsia is a force that brings creative

talent, enthusiasm and responsibility in building the scientific arguments as thebasic for planning the ways, policies of the Party and State

2.1.3 Concept of labour of higher education intelligentsia

Labour of higher education intelligentsia is the purpose of the impact ofteachers on learners in order to train, foster and development high qualityhuman resource This should be recognized on the main following aspects:

Firstly, which means that a job; labour of higher education intelligentsia is

activity of professional career, education and training in higher education thatthe outstanding features are scientific & pedagogical activities, teaching andvocational training and training people

Secondly, labour of higher education intelligentsia is higher creative labour

with the particularly important role to create physical and mental values Everysuccess in teaching or each new contribution in research and in leadership andmanagement activities of higher education intelligentsia contribute to build theintellectual potential for nation and promote the socio-economic growth of nation

Thirdly, approach of labour of higher education intelligentsia on functional

aspects, we can consider that teaching of literacy, teaching personality andvocational training are three consistent activities in the process of traininghigh-quality human resources for development of nation socio-economy

Finally, it needs to consider that the labour of higher education intelligentsia

is individual labour but the occupation characteristics have been brought andrequired strictly the collective, universal, and interactive and consensus

2.2 SPECIAL FEATURES OF VIETNAM HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLIGENTSIA IN THE PRESENT CONTEXT

2.2.1 Labour of higher education intelligentsia is the intellectual and creative labour

Labour of higher education intelligentsia is primarily intellectual labour The

special features in labour are presented in regularly to mobilize intellectualresources, promote the creative thinking with high concentration of gray mattercrystallized in product That is inventions, innovations and initiatives, evenpersonality of learners, qualifications and skills of human resource

If the creativity in teaching of higher education intelligentsia is capacities of

systematization, inheritance, selection of information associated with operations of analysis, synthesis, lecture which help learners understand and

acquire knowledge, the creativity in scientific research will be the finding of newones, providing new interpretations or a new proposal to contribute to the issue

that Lenin called the truth of perception.

As human resource scientific, the activities of leadership, education

management of higher education intelligentsia are also intellectual labour andcreativity It requires the leaders; managers must skillfully use the talent,intellectual and emotional by scientific methods, creative thinking whichconvincing in managing labour activities of collective and teachers

2.2.2 Labour of higher education intelligentsia is high level of pedagogical labour

The key factor to differentiate the characteristic expresses in occupation

function, objective, labour method, focusing on intellectual development

requirements, thinking capacity forming, labour skill for high quality human resource which meet the requirements and demand of nation in the context of

strengthening industrialization and modernization, international integration andintellectual economy development That requires each intelligentsia the high level

of pedagogical skills- skill of cognitive activity orientation, skill of vocational

training and skill of sensitizing people by ethics, personality and heart.

Requirement appreciated highly in pedagogical labor of higher educationintelligentsia is capacity of to lead students in creative environment in orderthat they can learn by themselves to find the knowledge on the basic ofteacher’s instruction For higher education intelligentsia, all knowledge andunderstanding need to be transformed into methods to generate the knowledge

and renew the own knowledge Besides, it can orient, organize the cognitive performance of learners, create transformation step from education to self-

education, training to self-training.

2.2.3 Teaching and scientific research are two parallel tasks of most higher education intelligentsia

Although every higher education intelligentsia participates in teaching andscientific research, most intelligentsia is a lecturer even the force of leadership,educational management in universities participating in teaching and scientificresearch in certain level Therefore, it may be considered that the teaching andthe scientific research are two parallel tasks of must higher educationintelligentsia

Dialectical association between teaching and scientific research actually is

the requirements of having knowledge and known how to impart the knowledge After all, fostering learners the ability to self-thinking, self-study

and self-research is fostering methods of scientific research, which requireseach higher education intelligentsia not only has two pairs of most importantqualities, capacities of teacher: pedagogical occupation trend and pedagogicalcapacity but also associate with pedagogical occupation trend and capacity ofscientific research Besides, they must know how to organize the cognitiveprocesses of students by teaching and how to self-research, deploy scientificideas and develop capacities, good qualities of an expert

2.2.4 Labour product of higher education intelligentsia contributes to develop the high quality human resource of nation

Both theoretical and practical aspects require university as typical place forintellectual life and spiritual culture of society It is the nursery of futurescientific talent and the cradle nurturing scientific minds of many generations

By talent, dedication and his own way, each intelligentsia needs to participate

in process of producing knowledge, creating the high quality human resource

of nation from the general level to each development stage step by step to meetthe rigorous demands of the market economy with socialist orientation Thegrowth of higher education intelligentsia of our country and their labour productwill be the biggest additional resources to develop the intelligentsia and highquality human resource of country

2.3 CONCEPT OF LABOR QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLIGENTSIA 2.3.1 Concept of labor quality

In many respects, levels or ambiguous nature of the category “labor quality”

in methodology, it requires research from comprehensive perspective, synthesis

and system method In our opinion, labour quality is concept which to indicate

the level of satisfaction, ability to meet the criteria and requirements set forth by a particular work Labour quality itself contains a range of factors as the satisfaction, response and coincidence between actual labour result and demand,

desire of the subject or the available goal and identified target

Labor quality of any subject also reflects the real labor quality of individual

On the larger scale, it also creates the mirror to reflect the labour value ofsociety in each certainly period of history

2.3.2 Concept of labour quality of higher education intelligentsia

It is said that the labor quality of higher education intelligentsia is amultidimensional concept, covering the responsibilities and duties of teachers

at university, expressing the synthesis result of occupation activities of

teachers We believe that, the labour quality of higher education intelligentsia

needs to be reviewed as a result of completing the responsibility of teachers, management officers at higher education center with effect in changing the level, thinking capacity and developing the personality of the learner positively and progressively; is the characteristic to consistently satisfy and meet customer requirements, or entities benefit from professional activities of teacher intelligentsia at university.

Teaching quality of teacher intelligentsia at our university not only expresses

in volume of information imparted but also receives the high evaluation inlevel and effectiveness of forming cognitive capacity, thinking, practice as well

as the capacity to create jobs or adapt and integrate in international of studentsafter graduated

The quality of scientific research, technology transfer of higher educationintelligentsia s expressed at the level of creation, effect of deployment, application

of research result, inventions, innovations in real training, fostering of school andduty of developing socio-economy of country.

The quality of management operation of higher education intelligentsia isreflected in effect of building, implementing and monitoring the performance

of teaching & studying plan, scientific research and technology transfer ofintelligentsia who is leader or undertakes some activities such as academicadvisor, class teacher or the work of unions, associations

2.3.3 Criteria for assessing the quality of current higher education intelligentsia in Vietnam

Assessing the quality of higher education intelligentsia in Vietnam is actuallythe judgment of labor values to clarify intellectual contributions of universitylecturers and subjects managing the education in higher education to thesociety Assessing the quality of higher education intelligentsia is needed tofocus on the following basic criteria:

Firstly, level of satisfying the teachers’ standards for higher education intelligentsia Secondly, level of fulfilling tasks by higher education intelligentsia under the

assigned authority

Thirdly, actual work results of higher education intelligentsia

Fourthly, satisfaction level of university lecturers, students and subjects using

higher education products against the work results of higher educationintelligentsia

Fifthly, satisfaction ability of the trained human resources for the labor

market This criterion is quantified at an employment rate of students aftergraduation and quality of higher education human resources

2.4 EVITABILITY OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF CURRENT HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLIGENTSIA IN VIETNAM

2.4.1 Improving the quality of higher education intelligentsia in Vietnam as an inevitable need from national development requirements

Building socialism in Vietnam in the aim of human liberation anddevelopment requires socio-economic development based on science andtechnology in the phase of promoting national industrialization andmodernization in line with the development of knowledge economy.Moreover, pressure of enhancing the economy’s competitiveness requireshigher education to supply high-quality human resources for the society Thisrequirement has only been satisfied if the quality of higher educationintelligentsia is enhanced as a basic condition directly decisive to theproduction and reproduction of goods with a special product –

humanintelligence to meet needs of national development.

2.4.2 Improving the quality of higher education intelligentsia as an internal requirement for basic and comprehensive renovation in Vietnam

In any higher education institutions, poor education quality is probably also aconstant threat to the university’s sustainable existence and development It isnecessary to be deeply aware that higher education in Vietnam has faced a