Summarized doctoral dissertation in political science: Sourcing commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces at present period

Objects of research: Sourcing commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces. Scope of research: Five provinces of the Western Highlands; period from the time when the Cadres Strategy at the period of industrialization and modernization was launched to now; directions and solutions as for 2020.

HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS

TRUONG THI BACH YEN

SOURCING commune OFFICIALS AND CIVIL SERVANTS AS ETHNIC MINORITIES AT THE

WESTERN HIGHLANDS PROVINCES AT PRESENT PERIOD

Code : 62 31 23 01

SUMMARIZED DOCTORAL DISSERTATION

IN POLITICAL SCIENCE

HA NOI - 2014

The Project is completed

at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics

Scientific supervisor: 1 Prof.Dr Nguyen Van Giang

2 Dr Ngo Kim Ngan

FOREWORDS

1 Necessity of the subject

Western Highlands is a strategic area of the whole country The body of officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities accounts for 30.15% of total number of grass-root officials and civil servants, presently takes very important role in social development and stability at the Western Highlands, especially at communes where ethnic minorities are populating Confronting to requirement of speeding up the course of building the new rural areas in the direction of industrialization and modernization, the body of commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands are facing insufficiency and restriction Quantity, composition, competence, qualification and level of meeting job's requirements of the whole body have not been synchronous yet A direct reason of such situation is resulted from the fact that quality of sourcing commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities

is insufficient, thus overcoming such reason is an important and necessary task of the Party executive committees, governments and unions at the Western Highlands in the present work

of building the body of cadres

Springing from such situation, I choose the issue of "Sourcing commune officials and

civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces in the present period" as

subject of the Doctoral Dissertation in Political Science, specialty in Building the Communist Party of Vietnam, with the desire of clarifying reality and reasoning, promoting the sourcing of commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands to be better and better

2 Research target and task of the Dissertation

* Target: Clarifying issues of reasoning and reality of the sourcing of commune

officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands at the present period, suggesting critical solutions for promoting the sourcing of the body of cadres as for 2020

* Task: Over-viewing research related to the subject; generalizing situation, features

and roles of officials and civil servants and source of commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands; clarifying concept, content, manner and roles of sourcing commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces; evaluating actual situation of source of and sourcing commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands; withdrawing reason of the actual situation, experiences and reality-related problems to be addressed; proposing main directions and solutions to promote the sourcing of commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces as for 2020

3 Objects and scope of research under the Dissertation

* Objects of research: Sourcing commune officials and civil servants as ethnic

minorities at the Western Highlands provinces

* Scope of research: Five provinces of the Western Highlands; period from the time

when the Cadres Strategy at the period of industrialization and modernization was launched to now; directions and solutions as for 2020

4 Reasoning, reality basis and method of research

4.1 Reasoning and reality basis

* Reasoning basis: The Dissertation is performed relying on reasoning basis of the

Marxism - Leninist, the Ho Chi Minh ideology and viewpoints of the Party in term of personnel work, personnel sourcing; succession of announced results of related scientific projects

* Reality basis: The Dissertation is researched from reality of building the body of

cadres in general, sourcing the commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands in particular, which have been presented at statistic reports and tables of the Party organizations, governments, unions and other related agencies, and result of direct inspection and survey

4.2 Method of research under the Dissertation

On the methodology basis of the Marxism - Leninist; research methods of jointed and specific sciences such as logic-history, analysis-synthesis, system, statistics-comparison, inspection, survey, reality summing-up and specialist interview are applied comprehensively

5 New scientific contribution of the Dissertation

- Clarifying concept, content and method for sourcing the commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces

- Withdrawing experiences and problems to be addressed in sourcing the commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces in the last years

- Suggesting two specific and feasible solutions to promote the sourcing of commune

officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities as for 2020: Firstly, strengthening, developing

and assigning detail jobs for the system of ethnic boarding schools, training and education institutions at the Western Highlands to participate in sourcing the commune officials and civil

servants as ethnic minorities Secondly, building, strengthening and bringing into play the role

of the political systems at communes, reputed people in the ethnic minorities at hamlets and villages in sourcing the commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities

6 Real meanings of the Dissertation

The Dissertation's research results can be used as references, helping the party executive committee to promote the sourcing of commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands It is also used as references for researching and learning Building the Party in the system of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, provincial political schools, political training centers of districts

7 The Dissertation's structure: Apart from Forewords, Conclusions, List of the

author's scientific projects related to the subject, List of references and appendixes, main contents of the Dissertation include Overview on research situation in relation with the subject and three chapters and six items

OVERVIEW RESEARCH SITUATION IN RELATION WITH THE SUBJECT

I RESEARCH PROJECTS IN VIETNAM

1.1 Researches in relation with personnel work and personnel sourcing in general

Personnel work is described by various authors, affirming subject role, subject's

responsibilities and method at each stage They are available typically with books titled

"Defining mechanism and standards of key leaders in the renovated political system" (1998) by Tran Xuan Sam (chief author) and "Scientific foundation for qualification improvement toward

the body of officials at the stage of strengthening industrialization and modernization of the country" (2001) by Nguyen Phu Trong, Tran Xuan Sam A Ministry-leveled Project (1998-

1999) "Reasoning and reality basis for determining content, training program for key

grass-root officials at mountainous areas to meet revolutionary requirements at the present period"

by Dr Tran Ngoc Uan as owner A State-leveled project (2002)-07 "Reasoning and reality

basis for assessing, seconding leaders and managers in the period of industrialization and modernization of the country" is undertaken by Prof Dr Tran Dinh Hoan

Personnel sourcing is researched as a stage of the personnel work Dr Do Xuan Dinh

(1998) in "Sourcing in personnel planning" (Seminar "Some problems on the work of

personnel planning", Program KHXH.05), addresses two methods of sourcing: remote and

direct A project "Personnel sourcing at remote and special difficulty-suffering areas - reality

and solutions" (KHBD (2009)-51) by MA Tran Thi Huong and a Master Dissertation "Present

sourcing the district-leveled leaders and managers at Bac Lieu province" (2010) by Tran

Hoang Khai set up concept of source, sourcing; define contents of sourcing: finding, selecting, assessing, planning; training, fostering, managing; arranging and employing

1.2 Researches in relation with commune-leveled cadres, ethnic minority cadres and sourcing ethnic minority cadres

Setting up body of commune-leveled cadres that pertains to role of the political system

is given attention by many scientists It is available typically with books titled "Political

system at grass-root level and social life democratization at mountainous and ethnic minority areas" by Nguyen Quoc Pham as Chief Author (National Political Publishing House, Hanoi,

2000); "Present political system at rural localities of our country" by Hoang Chi Bao (Political Reasoning Publishing House, Hanoi, 2005); Ministry-leveled scientific project 2007 "Setting

etc

As determined by various authors, cadres as ethnic minorities are core of the personnel

work at mountainous and ethnic areas It is available with books titled "Building the body of

cadres as ethnic minorities in our country at the period of strengthening industrialization and modernization - Foundations and solutions" (2005) by Le Thi Phuong Thao, Nguyen Cuc,

Doan Hung (Political Reasoning Publishing House, Hanoi); "Present development of source of

cadres as ethnic minorities at Northern mountainous provinces in our country" by Lo Quoc

Toan (Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2010), etc

1.3 Researches in relation with the Western Highlands, ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands and sourcing cadres at the Western Highlands

The Western Highlands and ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands with reality

and tend of development are interpreted by many authors, such as books titled "Some

reasoning and reality issues on nation and national relationship at the Western Highlands"

(2005) and "Building and strengthening great national unity at the Western Highlands" (2008)

by Truong Minh Duc (National Political Publishing House, Hanoi), "Culture, society and

people at the Western Highlands" (2005) by Nguyen Tan Dac (Social Sciences Publishing

House, Hanoi); "Some present issues on culture - society of ethnic minorities at the Western

Highlands" (2010) by Duong Thi Huong, Do Dinh Hang and Dau Tuan Nam as chief

co-authors (National Political Publishing House, Hanoi); "Village organizations and activities in

sustainable development at the Western Highlands" (2010) by Bui Minh Dao (Social Sciences

Publishing House, Hanoi)

Sourcing, building the body of ethnic minority cadres at the Western Highlands are

objects and targets of various projects Typical books are titled "Psychological and cultural

features of ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands affecting on building the body of ethnic minority cadres at present" by Nguyen Hong Son, and others articles in book titled "Building

the body of cadres as ethnic minorities in our country at the period of strengthening industrialization and modernization - Foundations and solutions" (2005) by Le Thi Phuong Thao, Nguyen Cuc, Doan Hung (chief co-authors)

Reality and solutions for sourcing commune cadres as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands are reflected by various authors Typically, they are "Qualification

improvement toward the human resource as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands"

(2009) Seminar organized by Da Nang University, with speeches titled: "Some issues on

qualification improvement toward human resource of cadres as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands" by Nguyen Ban, "The work of training, fostering and sourcing grass-root cadres of Kon Tum province - Reality and solutions" by Kon Tum Department of Home

Affairs; "Manner of tertiary education toward ethnic minorities through form of nomination"

by Dr Doan Gia Dung; "It is necessary to renovate method of education toward students as

ethnic minorities" by Thai Thi Bich Van

The work of sourcing commune cadres on each locality of the Western Highlands is

reflected with articles titled "Gia Lai attach much importance to training source cadres as

ethnic minorities for grass-root level " by Tran Ngoc Chi (Party Building Magazine Online,

9-9-2007); "Gia Lai: Recruiting graduates to work at locality - Results and experiences" by Tran Thiet (Party Building Magazine Online, 19-9-2011); "Sourcing the commune cadres at Lam

Ha" by Viet Trong (Lam Dong Online, 26-12-2010); "Seven years of realizing Decision No.253/QD-TTg: "Commune cadres are 'rejuvenating' and 'standardizing' step by step" by

Duc Hung (Lam Dong Online, 11-04-2012); "Results and experiences in realization of ethnic

work on Dak Nong" by Tran Thanh Long (btd.daknong.gov.vn dated 15-11-2012); "Kon Plong district Party Committee training preparatory source cadres for grass-root level" by Huynh

Trung Kim ((Party Building Magazine Online, 1-9-2006); "The work of national education

improved qualitatively" and "Place of sourcing ethnic minority cadres" (Website of Dak Lak

Department of Education and Training); "Dak Lak strengthen Party's leadership at rural areas,

villages and population groups" by Nguyen Phu Lap (Party Building Magazine Online,

7-8-2012), etc These are actual researches pertaining to each specific locality It is responsible for reviewing to general reasoning on sourcing officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities

2 FOREIGN RESEARCH PROJECTS

2.1 Human resource (HR), HR quality and development are paid attention by

Japanese authors like Mitokaza Aoki ("Japan-styled management principle" book, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 1993), Matsushita Konouke ("Personnel - key to success"

book, Transport Publishing House, 1999); Yasuhiko Inoue ("Japan's experience on human resource development (HRD)" article, http://www.vyajp.org) and so on

2.2 Setting up body of officials and civil servants

Laotian authors of articles titled "Present province-leveled personnel work in Lao People's Democratic Republic" by Unkeo Sipasot (Party Building Magazine Online, 24-8-

2009); "Breaking-through on personnel work" by Litthi Sisouvong (Party Building Magazine Online, 02-12-2011; Doctoral Dissertation titled "Renovating political grass-root system at

rural areas of Laos at present" (2011) by La Chay Sinh Su Van, etc all highlight that

personnel work is solution for the political system's quality

Chinese authors at Vietnamese Communist Party and Chinese Communist Party

Reasoning Seminar: "Building the ruling Party - Experiences from Vietnam, experiences from China" (2004), mention various experiences in building the body of cadres

2.3 Personnel sourcing issue

An article titled "Originating from great task, toward long-term target, trying to build

the body of qualified preparatory cadres" (Vietnamese Communist Party and Chinese

Communist Party Reasoning Seminar: "Building the ruling Party - Experiences from Vietnam, experiences from China") by Chu Phuc Khoi author (Chinese) affirm that building the body of preparatory cadres is a strategic duty related to the great task toward long-term target Its contents cover: recruiting, training, using and managing preparatory cadres

Overview shows that, on various aspects, such research projects have mentioned sourcing, building the body of cadres However, neither scientific project research extensionally, systematically and comprehensively the sourcing of officials and civil servants

as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces

Chapter I SOURCING THE COMMUNE OFFICIALS AND CIVIL SERVANTS AS ETHNIC

MINORITIES AT WESTERN HIGHLANDS PROVINCES

REASONING AND REALITY ISSUES

1.1 COMMUNES AND SOURCES OF COMMUNE OFFICIALS AND CADRES OF ETHNIC MINORITIES AT THE WESTERN HIGHLANDS PROVINCES

1.1.1 Communes and ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands provinces

1.1.1.1 Overview on the Western Highlands

The Western Highlands cover Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong and Lam Dong provinces, lying on the West Central region, where are populated with 5.2 million compatriots

of 47 ethnic groups, of whom ethnic minorities account for 37.84% The Western Highlands is rick of potential but also latent of instability, which is attributed either to inherent difficulties and complexity of a mountainous and border area with high rate of poor households, or that it

is a strategic important area to which hostile forces are watching Political instability from

2001 to now is resulted from communes where ethnic minorities populate Instability prevention and sustainable economic and social development for the Western Highlands can only be performed when the political systems at communes are strengthened with the powerful body of officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities serving as hard core

1.1.1.2 Political systems at communes of the Western Highlands

The political systems at communes of the Western Highlands comprise of legally recognized organizations such as Party Committee, government, Vietnamese Fatherland Front and other political and social organizations (Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth's Union, Vietnamese Women's Union, Vietnamese Farmers' Union and Vietnamese Veterans' Association) The political systems at communes of the Western Highlands have been established since 1975 and are now stable in term of organization Its structure and titles of officials and civil servants have been set up on the basis of general stipulation, but applied correspondingly with each commune Operation quality of the political systems is not even, suitable with qualification of officials and civil servants as well as complexity of each area Infrastructure, means of working, policy and regime for officials and civil servants have not met necessary demands of living and working

1.1.1.3 Ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands

* Features of ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands in relation with sourcing the commune officials and civil servants: Ethnic minorities are varied historically in complexity,

more and more diversified in origins, plentiful in composition and full in quantity, with difference in residence area and lifestyle; culture of ethnic minorities of the Western Highlands are nationally characterized, unified in diversity as of cross-culture, long term development, traditional habits governing psychological life of the local people which is featured either progressive or negative and backward; Knowledge improvement is ongoing by ethnic minorities meanwhile cultural standard is still restrictedly generally; some ethnic minorities are emerging economically, but majority has not released from poverty due to backward habits of cultivation and psychology of relying on favor of the State

* Role of ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands: Ethnic minorities are long-term

occupiers of the Western Highlands, who have created, developed and preserved cultural value

of the Western Highlands; ethnic minorities have contributed significantly to the history of country establishment and dependence of the Vietnam nation and are a powerful and effective force of protecting and maintaining critical border areas of the Fatherland; Ethnic minorities are important social force that are involving in construction and development of the Western Highlands

1.1.2 Commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities and sources of officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands

1.1.2.1 Commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands

* Concept

Commune officials of ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands are ethnic minorities

who are elected to the office in term in Standing Party Committee, People's Council, People's Committee, heads of political and social organizations in the political systems at communes of the Western Highlands, including: secretary, deputy secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman, Vice Chairman of People's Council; Chairman, Vice Chairman of People's Committee; Chairman of Vietnamese Fatherland Front; Secretary of Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth's Union, Chairwoman of Vietnamese Women's Union; Chairman of Vietnamese Farmers' Union, Chairman of Vietnamese Veterans' Association

Commune civil servants of ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands are ethnic

minorities who are employed to hold professional titles affiliated to commune people's committees at the Western Highlands such as Chief of Public Security, Military Commander,

Office - Statistics; Land office - Agriculture - Construction and Environment, Financing - Accounting; Justice - Registry; Culture - Society

* Features of officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands

They are rather significant, somewhere their structure is corresponding to composition and quantity of ethnic minorities on the locality; qualification and competence are gradually improved in an effort to meet criteria requirements for officials and civil servants at mountainous area as required, but they also show inadequateness toward requirements of new political tasks; they are clearly characterized with traditional psychology and culture, pertaining to and reputed with the community, but still impacted with backward and negative habits during the course of performance; working at such area is complicated and suffered from pressure from various sides (life condition; hostile forces; national habits; social disputes, etc.), thus mistake is potentially high

* Role of the body of officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western

Highlands:

Commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities are those who contribute to and directly organize for people, specially ethnic minorities to realize guidelines and policies of the Party and the State at commune level; commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities are those who affect importantly and positively on such ethnic minorities; officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities create balance and harmony in term of performance quality of the local political system

1.1.2.2 Source of commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the Western Highlands

* Concept: Source of commune officials and civil servants as ethnic minorities at the

Western Highlands are the body of ethnic minorities who are detected, recruited, improved and prepared being ready for election, employment and appointment to titles of officials and civil servants at the Western Highlands

* Classification of source of commune officials and civil servants: Near source (direct

source, adjacent source) are those who are within the planning of the party executive committee, pertaining to specific titles with appropriate (or nearly appropriate) criteria and conditions with their planned criteria, and can put rightly into a list of election and appointment whenever it has demand of arranging and strengthening the body of officials and civil servants

Far source (long-term source) are those who are intentionally directed in the planning of

source officials and civil servants, but not pertained to specific titles, further investment should

be given to training and fostering them to meet titles' criteria