Nguyên lý thiết kế cấu tạo các công trình kiến trúc 14 doc

Cung co thd c6u tao ban va b$c thang thanh mat khSi, Iuc nAy b$c thang gidng n h a m$t dAm nh6 tqa tr6n dAm nghieng, dam nghieng tga l&n dAm chidu nghi.. No co th& dung vgt lieu bang go,

- CAu thang hinh thdc ban dAm :

K6t c6u chju lqc c6 2 phAn : bhn va dAm nghi&ng (dAm lim6ng)

Cung co thd c6u tao ban va b$c thang thanh mat khSi, Iuc nAy b$c thang gidng

n h a m$t dAm nh6 tqa tr6n dAm nghieng, dam nghieng tga l&n dAm chidu nghi

Quail he giiia bin, bijc va ddm nghisng co mgy trairng hdp sau :

+ Bin, b$c d phia tr&n dAm, v& p h a m g diqn chju lqc kdt cgu hdp ly, n h m g d$m

16 xudng phia d ~ d i nhi&u

+ Bhn, bijc d$t 6 phia dadi dAm, n h a v$y tr6n phsng, dep, d6 lam v$ sinh

+ Bhn, b$c dst 3 gida ddm : Tuy tinh hinh cu th6 in6i t h i n thang co th6 b6 tri mot dAm chju ban b$c : dAm cllju mat dAu, dAu kia ciia ban b$c k& vao tUirng, host the0 kQt cau co~lsole Inat ddin hoQc 2 d&in dgt 6 gida ban b$c (H6-33)

VI1.- Cau tao bo ph&n bao ve :

11- La11 can - tay vin : (H6-38)

1.1- Mo t i : Lan can, tay vjn 18 bo ph$n cgu tao d6 bao d i m an toan cho nguai di lai

va thoai mrii khi sir dung No co th& dung vgt lieu bang go, d6ng thau, thtp, chat d6o vB betong cot thCp VC hinh thirc c6 th& la lan can dac hoac Ian can r8ng :

- Lan can dgc : Thbng t h u h g Ihm bing bCtdng, gach Khi Iim bang bCt8ng t h u h g neu ciiu kien toin kh6i thi c$n dd liCn vdi than thang Neu Ihm b5ng gach t h u h g bing

114 gach, d6 b60 dam do cdng can phii gia c 6 bbi c i c giang b$t8ng cot thtp the0 chi&u doc Ian can

- Lan can rong thoang t h u h g 1hm bing kim loai, g18 : Lan can loai nay thoang nhe, trang tri the0 nhieu hinh thirc, nhung phAi dHm bAo dugc an tohn v6i c6c khoing tr6ng

khong duqc l h h m 15cm (khoang cho dAu nguai chui lot)

1.2- Lien ket tay vin vao Ian can, Ian can vao than thang :

Tay vln duqc 1hm bang nhi&u loai v+t lieu : go, dong, thCp, nhbm, granito Tilt c i vat litu niy cdn bao d i m nhan, khang b6m bui nhieu Lien ket cc6 th6 bang dinh, dinh vit, hhn hoac liCn k&t tohn kh6i :

Lien ket Ian can vio thin thang :

+ Khi che tao thin thang c$n chila sZn 118, sau khi Ihp Ian can vio, 16 duqc tr6m kin bang v3a ximang

+ Li$n k6t hhn : khi thanh chong Ian can bang thtp ong, b bAn bgc chbn s%n n h k g thCp ban, sau d6 hhn ong sat vao

co hinh thuc n h e nhang

1.3- Xir 19 chb xoay chuy6n hrrdng clia tay vjn Ian can :

ThBng thubng d6i vdi c8u thang 2 ve" hay nhi$u ve" thi dubng truc Ian can tay vin d u g c dQt song song vdi d b n thiin thang

* C a c xir ly :

- U 6 n cong tay vin, g i i m chi&u siiu, giAi p h a p nay 1gi kh6ng gian, nhung gia c8ng kho

- M b r$ng chi& nghi hoQc b 6 tri b$c s o l e b chi& nghi

- Kh6ng lam song song vdi d h thang g i i i p h a p nay chi dung cho cac c8u thang phu

2)- M4t b@c va miii b@c thang : (H6-39)

2.1- Hinh thdc b8o ve mfii b@c :

D u n g vira xi mang hoQc cac loai vat lieu it bi mai mbn lam moi b$c, c 6 the" lam vat hoQc lugn trbn d$ khi budc kh6i bi v i p

2.2- M$t b@c thang c6 b8n gidng nhrr m$t san :

- MQt b@c lang v8a xi milng mac 80- 100 day 20 mm, hay t r i t granito De"

ch6ng trugt, trCn mQt b@c nCn lam gb b5ng vat lieu it bi mbn (cabonrundum)

- M a t b@c 1at : gach hoa, d a c i m thach, t i m cao su, c h i t dCo

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8 ~ b u thang vbng ( 2 v6')

9 d u thang lech t6hg

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HINH 6 -18 G H ~ P N& D ~ M THANG

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