Past tense: outgrew;past participle: outgrown.. overate [o v# "et] past tense of overeat.. Past tense: over-came;past participle: overcome.. Past tense: overate; past participle: overea
Trang 1out of the red out of debt.
out of the running no longer
being considered; eliminated from
a contest
out of the woods past a critical
phase; out of the unknown
out of thin air apparently out of
nowhere; as if from nothing
out of this world wonderful;
extraordinary
out of tune Go to in tune.
out of tune (with someone or
something) 1 not in musical
har-mony with someone or something
2 not in (figurative) harmony or
agreement with someone or
some-thing
out of turn not at the proper time;
not in the proper order
out on a limb in a dangerous
posi-tion; taking a chance
(out) on patrol away from a
cen-tral location, watching over a
dis-tant area
out on the town celebrating at one
or more places in a town
out to lunch 1 eating lunch
out-side the office 2 unalert;
unin-formed
outcast ["aUt kAst] n someone
who has been rejected,
aban-doned, or deserted
outcome ["aUt k@m] n the final
result; the effect of something
outcry ["aUt kraI] 1 n a strong
protest; an uproar 2 n a loud cry.
outdoor [aUt "dor] adj not inside;
not in a building; used or done
outdoors
outdoors ["aUt "dorz] adv in or
into the open air; not inside a building
outer ["aU t#] 1 adj farther away from the center 2 adj exterior;
on the outside
outer space ["aU t# "spes] n the
universe beyond the atmosphere of earth (No plural.)
outgrew [aUt "gru] past tense of
outgrow
outgrow [aUt "gro] 1 tv., irreg to
no longer fit into one’s clothes because one has grown (Past tense: outgrew;past participle: outgrown.) 2 tv., irreg to become
too mature to do certain things meant for younger children (Fig-urative on Q.) 3 tv., irreg to grow
to be taller or to grow faster than someone else
outgrown [aUt "gron] Past
partici-ple ofoutgrow
outlaw ["aUt lO] 1 tv to make
something illegal; to declare that
something is against the law 2 n.
a criminal
outlay ["aUt le] n money spent for
a certain reason; time or energy spent for a certain reason
outlet ["aUt lEt] 1 n the socket in a
wall where something can be plugged in for electrical power
2 n a way out for something.
3 n a way to let one’s feelings out;
a way to use one’s creativity (Figu-rative on W.)
outline ["aUt laIn] 1 n the shape
of someone or something; the bor-der of someone or something
2 n a list of the main topics of a speech or text; a plan 3 tv to
out of the red
406
Trang 2draw the shape of someone or
something; to draw the border of
someone or something 4 tv to
list the main topics of a speech or
text 5 tv to describe a plan.
outlive [aUt "lIv] tv to live longer
than someone else; to work,
func-tion, or last longer than something
else
outlook ["aUt lUk] 1 n an
imag-ined view of the future course that
something may take (No plural.)
2 n a way of looking at things
that happen
output ["aUt pUt] 1 n the amount
of something that is made;
pro-duction (No plural.) 2 n
some-thing that is produced (No
plural.) 3 n the energy that is
produced by a machine (No
plu-ral.) 4 n information that is
pro-duced by a computer (No plural.)
outrage ["aUt redZ] 1 n a very
cruel or horrible deed 2 n anger
caused by a very cruel or horrible
action (No plural.) 3 tv to anger
someone greatly by doing a very
cruel or horrible deed
outright ["aUt raIt] 1 adj
com-plete; direct; openly and without
delay 2 adj [of money given]
without limitations 3 adv
with-out limitations
→ killed outright
outside ["aUt "saId] 1 n the part
of something that faces away from
the center of something; the
sur-face of something that is out
(Also plural with the same
mean-ing, but not countable.) 2 adj on
Q; external; not inside a building
3 adj farther from the center
than something else 4 adj not
associated with the inner group
(Prenominal only.) 5 adv to or
toward Q; on or at Q; in or into
the outdoors 6 prep past the
limit of something; beyond some-thing; on or toward the exterior of something
→ at the outside
→ fall outside something
→ step outside
outward ["aUt w#d] 1 adv away;
away from someplace; toward the
outside 2 adj of or about one’s
appearance instead of one’s
feel-ings or thoughts (Adv: outwardly.)
outweigh [aUt "we] 1 tv to weigh
more than someone or something
else 2 tv to be more important
than someone or something else (Figurative on Q.)
outwit [aUt "wIt] tv to be more
clever than someone and therefore win at something
oval ["o v@l] 1 adj shaped like an
egg; almost shaped like a circle,
but flatter (Adv: ovally.) 2 n a
shape like that of an egg; the shape
of a flattened circle
oven ["^v @n] 1 n an appliance or
enclosed space within an appli-ance that can be heated to cook food 2 n an appliance that is heated to dry and harden pottery
or other objects
over ["o v#] 1 prep above someone
or something; higher than
some-one or something 2 prep on
someone or something; covering
someone or something 3 prep.
across something; from one side of something to the other; above and
to the other side of something
4 prep off and down from
some-over
407
Trang 3thing 5 prep during something;
throughout some period of time
6 prep more than a certain
meas-urement; greater than something
(Some people prefer more than to
overin this sense.) 7 prep with
something noisy in the
back-ground 8 prep from [the radio,
the Internet, or a telephone]
9 prep covering the surface of
someone or something 10 adv at
some other place; on the other side
of something 11 adv down; so
that a surface faces down 12 adv.
again 13 prefix too; too much.
(Usually in a compound.) 14 adj.
done; finished; at the end (Not
prenominal.)
over again Go to (all) over again
over someone’s head too difficult
or clever for someone to
under-stand
over the hill old; too old to do
something
over the hump past the difficult
part
over the long haul for a relatively
long period of time
over the short haul for the
imme-diate future
over the top to or at a point where
one has achieved more than one’s
goal
over there Go to (way) over there.
overate [o v# "et] past tense of
overeat
overboard ["ov # bord] adv.
[falling, dropping, or being
thrown] from a boat or ship into
the water
→ go overboard
overcame [o v# "kem] past tense
ofovercome
overcharge [o v# "tSardZ] tv to
charge someone more money for something than it really costs
overcoat ["o v# kot] n a heavy
coat that is worn over other clothes
overcome [o v# "k^m] 1 tv., irreg.
to defeat someone or something;
to fight and win against someone
or something (Past tense: over-came;past participle: overcome.)
2 tv., irreg to cause someone to
become helpless, especially because of emotion
overdose ["o v# dos] 1 n a large
dose of a drug that causes
some-one to faint or die 2 iv to become
unconscious or die because one has taken too many drugs or too much medicine
overeat [o v# "it] iv., irreg to eat
too much (Past tense: overate; past participle: overeaten.)
overeaten [o v# "it n] past
partici-ple ofovereat
overhead 1 ["o v# hEd] n the
costs of running a business; busi-ness expenses (No plural Treated
as singular.) 2 ["o v# hEd] the adj
use of Q 3 ["o v# hEd] adj above
one’s head (Prenominal only.)
4 ["o v# "hEd] adv above one’s
head; in the air; passing through the air
overheat [o v# "hit] 1 iv to
become too hot; to break or stop working because of being worked too hard 2 tv to cause something
to become too hot
over again
408
Trang 4overkill ["o v# kIl] n the condition
of having or doing more than is
necessary (No plural.)
overlap 1 [o v# "lAp] iv [for parts
of two or more things] to happen
at the same time 2 [o v# "lAp] iv.
[for parts of two or more things]
to cover the same space 3 [o v#
"lAp] tv [for something] to
par-tially cover something [else]
4 [o v# "lAp] tv [for something]
to begin before something else
fin-ishes; to place the beginning of
something over the end of
some-thing else 5 ["o v# lAp] n the
extra part of something that
extends over something else (No
plural.) 6 ["o v# lAp] n the
amount by which something
extends over something else (No
plural.)
overlook 1 ["o v# lUk] n a high
place that provides a good view of
a lower place 2 [o v# "lUk] tv to
forget or neglect something 3 [o
v# "lUk] tv to ignore something
overnight 1 ["o v# naIt] adj done
during the night; lasting through
the night 2 [o v# "naIt] adv.
through the night; during the
night 3 [o v# "naIt] adv in just
one night
oversaw [o v# "sO] past tense of
oversee
overseas [o v# "siz] 1 adv across
the sea; on the other side of the
ocean 2 adj done, used, or about
a place on the other side of the
ocean
oversee [o v# "si] tv., irreg to
supervise someone or something;
to watch over someone or
some-thing so that somesome-thing is done
properly (Past tense: oversaw;past participle: overseen.)
overseen [o v# "sin] past participle
ofoversee
oversight ["o v# saIt] n something
that is not noticed or thought of
oversleep [o v# "slip] iv., irreg to
sleep longer than one wanted to; to sleep too long (Past tense and past participle: overslept.)
overslept [o v# "slEpt] past tense
and past participle ofoversleep
overthrew [o v# "Tru] past tense of
overthrow
overthrow [o v# "Tro] tv., irreg to
remove someone or something from power; to seize power from a government (Past tense: over-threw;past participle: over-thrown.)
overthrown [o v# "Tron] Past
par-ticiple ofoverthrow.
overtime ["o v# taIm] 1 n time at
work past the time when one
nor-mally finishes (No plural.) 2 n.
money earned by working past the time when one normally finishes (No plural.) 3 n [in a sporting event] an extra amount of playing time allowed in order to break a tie score (No plural.) 4 adv past the hours when one normally
fin-ishes 5 adj of or about working
extra as in Q
overture ["o v# tS#] 1 n the piece
of music at the beginning of an opera, symphony, ballet, etc., that introduces key melodies and themes 2 n the communication
of an intention to make an offer of something
→ make overtures
overture
409
Trang 5owe ["o] 1 tv to be in debt for a
sum of money; to have to pay
someone for something 2 tv to
be obliged to give someone
some-thing
owing to something because of
something; due to the fact of
something
owl ["aUl] n a bird that has large
eyes that face the front and a short,
curved beak, and is active at night
→ (as) wise as an owl
→ night owl
own ["on] 1 tv to possess
some-thing; to have something as a
belonging 2 adj belonging to
oneself or itself 3 adj a form
indicating something already
mentioned as belonging to oneself
or itself
→ afraid of one’sown shadow
→ blow one’sown horn
→ come into one’sown
→ come into its own
→ cut one’s(own) throat
→ dig one’sown grave
→ adose of one’sown medicine
→ feather one’s(own) nest
→ find one’sown level
→ foul one’sown nest
→ hold one’sown
→ in a world of one’sown
→ in someone’s(own) (best)
interests
→ mind one’sown business
→ not know one’sown strength
→ paddle one’sown canoe
→ sign one’sown death warrant
→ stand on one’sown two feet
→ stew in one’sown juice
→ take the law into one’sown hands
→ tell its own story
→ tell its own tale
→ toot one’sown horn
→ under one’sown steam
own up to someone to confess or
admit something to someone
own up to something to admit
something; to confess to some-thing
owner ["o n#] n someone who
owns something
ownership ["o n# SIp] n the state
of being an owner; the right one has to own something (No plu-ral.)
ox ["aks] n., irreg an adult male of a
kind of cattle (An oxhas been made unable to breed Plural: oxen.)
→ (as) strong as an ox
oxen ["ak s@n] plural ofox
oxygen ["aks I dZ@n] n a gas that
makes up about 20 percent of the air we breathe (No plural.)
oyster ["oIs t#] 1 n a small sea
creature that lives between two hinged shells and sometimes pro-duces pearls 2 n Q used as food
ozone ["o zon] n a kind of oxygen
produced when an electrical spark, such as lightning, passes through the air (No plural.) owe
410
Trang 6pace ["pes] 1 n the speed at which
someone or something moves (No
plural.) 2 n a distance of one step
when running or walking 3 iv to
walk back and forth slowly and
regularly
→ at a snail’s pace
→ achange of pace
→ put onethrough one’spaces
→ put somethingthrough its paces
pace something out 1 to deal with
a problem by pacing around 2 to
measure a distance by counting
the number of strides taken while
walking
pack ["pAk] 1 n a group of things
that have been placed together—
in a case, for example—so they
can be carried 2 n a group of
animals that live, hunt, and travel
together 3 tv to fill a container
completely 4 tv to gather,
assem-ble, and arrange things and place
them in a space or container
→ send someonepacking
a pack of lies a series of lies.
pack something up (in something)
to prepare something to be
trans-ported by placing it into a
con-tainer
pack up to prepare one’s belongings
to be transported by placing them
into a container; to gather one’s
things together for one’s
depar-ture
package ["pAk IdZ] 1 n a group of
things that are wrapped together
or boxed; a container in which
goods are sold or shipped 2 n a
parcel, especially one that is
wrapped in paper or something
similar 3 tv to place something
in a container, especially to make
it available for sale
packed (in) like sardines packed
very tightly
pact ["pAkt] n an agreement; a
treaty
pad ["pAd] 1 n a small cushion or
mass of soft material used to pro-tect something, make something comfortable, absorb fluid, or give something a certain shape 2 n a tablet of paper; a stack of pieces of paper that are glued together along one edge 3 iv to walk softly and
very quietly 4 tv to make a
movie, book, program, etc., longer
by adding extra words, longer pauses, extra performance mate-rial, etc
→ launching pad
pad the bill to put unnecessary
items on a bill to make the total cost higher
paddle ["pAd l] 1 n a kind of oar
used to steer and move a canoe or
other small boat 2 n a round or
long flat object used to spank
someone 3 tv to move a canoe with Q 4 tv to spank someone with W or with the hand 5 iv to
propel [something] with Q
paddle one’s own canoe to do
something by oneself; to be alone
pagan ["pe g@n] 1 n someone
whose religion is not Christianity, Islam, or Judaism; someone who has no religion 2 adj of, by, for,
or about Q
page ["pedZ] 1 n one sheet of paper in a book 2 n one side of one sheet of paper in a book 3 n.
411
P
Copyright 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Trang 7a sheet of paper suitable for
writ-ing or printwrit-ing or havwrit-ing writwrit-ing
or printing 4 n a signal that
someone has a waiting message or
telephone call, especially a beep
from a pager 5 tv to alert
some-one that a message or telephsome-one
call is waiting
pager ["pe dZ#] n an electronic
device that makes a signal to alert
someone to a waiting message or
telephone call
paid ["ped] 1 past tense and past
participle ofpay 2 adj hired;
employed; receiving money
pail ["pel] 1 n a bucket; a
con-tainer without a lid and with a
curved handle that connects to
opposite sides of the rim 2 n the
contents of Q
pain ["pen] n hurt or ache caused
by injury, sickness, or mental
dis-tress (Plural only for types and
instances.)
→ be racked with pain
→ labor pains
→ share someone’spain
painkiller ["pen kIl #] n a type of a
medicine or drug that ends or
relieves pain
paint ["pent] 1 n a colored liquid
that is spread on a surface to give
the surface color and protection
and that gets hard when it dries
(Plural only for types and
instances.) 2 tv to cover
some-thing with Q, using a brush or
something similar 3 tv to make a
picture of someone or something
using Q 4 iv to cover walls or
other objects with Q 5 iv to
make pictures with Q
paint over something to cover
something up with a layer of paint
paint something out to cover
some-thing up or obliterate somesome-thing
by applying a layer of paint
paint the town red to have a wild
celebration during a night on the town
paintbrush ["pent "br^S] n a brush
used to apply paint to a surface
painting ["pen tIN] 1 n the art and
study of making pictures with
paint (No plural.) 2 n a picture
that is made with paint
pair ["pEr] 1 n a set of two similar
or matching things; two people or
two things 2 n [in card games]
two cards with the same number
or value 3 tv to sort or order
people or things into sets of two
pair up (with someone) to join
with someone to make a pair
pajama adj of, by, for, or about
pajamas.
pajamas [p@ "dZa m@z] n clothes
worn in bed or worn at night before one goes to bed (Treated as plural Number is expressed by
pair(s) of pajamas.)
pal ["pAl] n a friend; a chum.
(Informal.)
pal around (with someone) to
associate with someone as a good friend
palace ["pAl Is] n a very large,
lux-urious house, especially one where
a king, queen, or important politi-cal leader lives or once lived
pale ["pel] 1 adj having a lighter
color than usual; faded (Adv: pager
412
Trang 8palely Comp: paler; sup: palest.)
2 iv to become lighter in color; to
whiten or weaken in color; to fade
3 iv [for someone] to become Q
and appear faint 4 iv [for
some-thing] to appear to be weak or
inadequate
→ beyond the pale
palm ["pam] 1 n the front of the
hand between the wrist and the
bottom of the fingers 2 n a tree
with a long trunk and long,
pointed leaves at the top, attached
to a hard stem (Short for palm
tree.) 3 tv to hide something in
one’s Q
→ have an itching palm
→ have an itchy palm
→ know someone or somethinglike the
palm of one’shand
palm something off (on someone)
to try to get something accepted as
good
palm tree ["pam tri] n a tree with a
long trunk that has no branches
and long, pointed leaves attached
to a hard stem (Can be shortened
to palm.)
pan ["pAn] 1 n a wide, shallow
vessel used for cooking 2 tv to
give a bad review about a movie,
book, or play; to criticize
some-thing harshly 3 iv [for a camera]
to move while filming, traveling
over a scene as one’s eyes might
move
→ aflash in the pan
→ out of the frying pan into the
fire
pancake ["pAn kek] n a thin,
round cake made of flour, eggs,
and milk that is cooked on both
sides
→ (as) flat as a pancake
pane ["pen] n a section of glass in a
window or door
panel ["pAn @l] 1 n a thin, flat
square or rectangular section of
hard material 2 n a group of
people who are selected to talk about something or judge some-one or something 3 tv to cover the walls of a room with Q
panic ["pAn Ik] 1 n a fear that is
out of control; a sense of terror
(No plural.) 2 iv., irreg to feel Q;
to experience fear that is frantic and out of control (Past tense and past participle: panicked Present
participle: panicking.) 3 tv., irreg.
to cause someone or some creature
to experience Q
panicked ["pAn Ikt] past tense and
past participle ofpanic.
pant ["pAnt] 1 iv to make quick,
shallow breaths, as an overheated
dog does 2 n a gasp; a quick,
shallow breath
panties n a pair of women’s
under-pants (Treated as plural Number
is expressed with pair(s) of panties Also countable.)
pantry ["pAn tri] n a small room
near a kitchen, where pots, pans, dishes, silverware, tablecloths, food, and other kitchen items are kept
pants n trousers; clothing worn
below the waist, having a separate tube, hole, or compartment for each leg (Treated as plural
Num-ber is expressed with pair(s) of pants Also countable.)
→ by the seat of one’spants
pantyhose ["pAn ti hoz] n a
gar-ment that is made of sheer
stock-pantyhose
413
Trang 9ings extending from a pair of
panties (No plural Treated as
plu-ral, but not countable Number is
expressed with pair(s) of
panty-hose.)
paper ["pe p#] 1 n processed fiber
and other substances, pressed into
sheets, used for writing, printing,
drawing on, and other things (No
plural Number is usually
expressed with piece(s) or sheet(s)
of paper.) 2 n wallpaper;
deco-rated paper that is glued to walls
(No plural.) 3 n a newspaper 4.
n an article; an essay 5 adj made
from Q 6 tv to cover something
with wallpaper
→ get somethingdown (on paper)
→ look good on paper
→ put somethingon paper
→ toilet paper
paper clip ["pep # "klIp] n a device
made of bent wire that can hold a
few sheets of paper together
papers 1 n documents; sheets of
paperQ in groups or stacks,
bear-ing information (Treated as
plu-ral, but not countable.) 2 n.
documents that prove who one is;
one’s passport or visa, carried
while visiting a foreign country
(Treated as plural, but not
counta-ble.)
paperweight ["pe p# wet] n a
heavy object placed on a stack of
papers to keep them from blowing
away
par ["par] n [in golf] the normal
number of strokes that it takes to
get the golf ball from the tee into
the hole (No plural form A
num-ber may follow par.)
→ above par
→ below par
→ up to par
parachute ["pEr @ Sut] 1 n a large
bowl-shaped piece of fabric attached to and supporting some-one who jumps from an airplane
or some other very high place
2 iv to drift downward, wearing a
parachute
parade [p@ "red] 1 n a public
event where people march or ride down a street with people watch-ing from both sides 2 iv to
march somewhere in Q 3 tv to
make someone march in front of people
parade someone or something out
to bring or march someone or some creature out in public
paradise ["pEr @ daIs] 1 n heaven (No plural.) 2 n somewhere on
earth that seems as lovely and wonderful as Q (No plural.)
→ afool’s paradise
a paradise on earth a place on
earth that is as lovely as paradise
paragraph ["pEr @ grAf] n a
sen-tence or group of sensen-tences usu-ally related some way in meaning
parallel ["pEr @ lEl] 1 adj [lines or
plane surfaces] at the same dis-tance apart or at an equal disdis-tance apart everywhere 2 adj similar;
like [a situation]; analogous 3 tv.
to go or be on a route or in a direc-tion that is beside something else
as in Q (E.g., a road that parallels the railroad tracks.)
paraphrase ["pEr @ frez] 1 n.
something that someone has said
or has written in a different way
2 tv to restate something as in Q.
paper
414
Trang 10parasite ["pEr @ saIt] 1 n a plant
or animal completely dependent
on another species of plant or
ani-mal for food or support (Parasites
on humans and animals cause
dis-eases or health disorders.) 2 n.
someone who depends on other
people for food and shelter; a
use-less person who is supported by
other people (Figurative on Q.)
parcel ["par s@l] 1 n a package,
especially one that is mailed or
delivered; something that is
wrapped up 2 n an amount of
land that is sold as a unit
→ part and parcel
parcel post ["par s@l "post] 1 n a
class of mail in the postal system
limited to small parcels (No
plu-ral.) 2 adv by way of Q
pardon ["par dn] 1 n forgiving
someone (Plural only for types
and instances.) 2 n an act that
keeps someone from being
pun-ished under the law 3 tv to
for-give someone; to excuse someone
4 tv to release someone from jail;
to order that someone not be
exe-cuted; to keep someone from
being punished
parent ["pEr @nt] 1 n the father or
the mother of a living creature
2 n a business that owns another
business; the main office of one or
more businesses or other
organi-zations 3 adj serving as a W
parentheses [p@ "rEn T@ siz] plural
ofparenthesis
parenthesis [p@ "rEn T@ sIs] n.,
irreg either of the pair of symbols
“(” and “)” used to enclose
infor-mation of secondary importance
in writing or printing (Plural: parentheses.)
park ["park] 1 n a piece of land set
aside by a city, state, county, or nation for use by the public, usu-ally having trees, grass, and other natural features 2 tv to stop a car
or other vehicle and leave it in a certain place for a period of time
3 iv to leave a car or other vehicle
in a certain place for a period of time
→ in park
parking lot ["par kIN lat] n an area
of paved land used to park cars on
parlor ["par l#] 1 n a living room;
a place in a home where guests can
sit and talk (Old-fashioned.) 2 n.
a store that sells a certain product
or service, such as hair care, ice cream, or funerals
parrot ["pEr @t] 1 n a kind of
trop-ical bird, often brightly colored,
that can copy human speech 2 tv.
to repeat someone else’s words or ideas without thinking (Figura-tive on Q The object can be a clause with that U.)
parsley ["pars li] n an herb used in
cooking to add flavor to food or as
a decoration (No plural Number
is expressed with sprig(s) of parsley.)
part ["part] 1 n one piece of the
whole; one section of the entire
amount 2 n one of a set of equal divisions 3 n an actor’s role in a play or movie 4 n the line
between two sections of hair on the head, established when comb-ing it 5 tv to make a pathway or
an opening through a group of
people or things 6 tv to separate
part
415