peano logic, history of; mathematics, history of the phil-osophy of pears peirce abduction; aesthetics, history of; American phil-osophy; architectonic; fallibilism; Harvard philphil-oso
Trang 1peano logic, history of; mathematics, history of the
phil-osophy of
pears
peirce abduction; aesthetics, history of; American
phil-osophy; architectonic; fallibilism; Harvard philphil-osophy;
pragmaticism; pragmatism; pragmatic theory of truth;
sign and symbol
pelagius
penelope’s wooers philosophy; scientism
people citizenship; democracy; homeland, right to;
Lévi-Bruhl; national character; nationalism; racism;
self-determination
perception apperception; body; Broad; illusion,
argu-ments from; Bacon, R.; blindsight; colours; content,
non-conceptual; duck-rabbit; eidetic imagery;
episte-mology, history of; episteepiste-mology, problems of;
experi-ence; Gestalt theory; Gregory of Rimini; Honderich;
Hume; idealism, philosophical; ideas; illusion,
argu-ments from; image; given; idealism, philosophical;
jaundice; Merleau-Ponty; Molyneux problem; nạve
realism; perception; percepts; Plato; primary and
secondary qualities; realism and anti-realism; Reid;
rep-resentative theory of perception; sensation; sense-data;
unlikely philosophical propositions; veil of perception
perception, representative theory of see
representa-tive theory of perception
perception, veil of see veil of perception
percepts illusion, arguments from; perception; sense-data
perfectionism Lamarck; liberalism; political philosophy,
history of
performative utterances see linguistic acts
performing arts, philosophy of the aesthetics, history
and problems of
peripatetics Aristotle; Aristotelianism
perlocutions see linguistic acts
perry Harvard philosophy; New Realism
persecution of philosophers Bakhtin; Berdyaev; Boethius;
Bruno; Crescas; deaths of philosophers; Galileo;
German philosophy; Nicholas of Autrecourt; Ockham;
Pico della Mirandola; Pomponazzi; Rousseau; Russell;
Russian philosophy; Slovene philosophy; Socrates;
Seneca; Soviet philosophy; Spinoza; Vygotsky; Wolff
persistence through time identity; time
person-affecting principles future generations;
popula-tion
personal identity animalism in personal identity; ego;
Glover; Hume; identity; immortality; Locke;
meta-physics, history of; mind, problems of the philosophy
of; Parfit; persons; quasi-memory; reductionism,
psy-chological, in personal identity; thought experiments;
Williams
personalism
persons animalism in personal identity; Buddhist
philos-ophy; human beings; law, problems of the philosophy
of; Locke; mind, problems of the philosophy of;
no-ownership theory; personal identity; sexual morality;
Strawson
perspectivism see nietzsche
persuasive definition see definition
pessimism and optimism Hartmann; Hegel; Johnson, S.; Leibniz; life, meaning of; metaphysics, history of; reli-gion, history of the philosophy of; Schopenhauer peter of spain medieval philosophy
PETITIO PRINCIPII seebegging the question petrarch Italian philosophy; scholasticism phenomena and noumena appearance and reality; Kant; metaphysics, history of; perception; Plato; thing-in-itself phenomenalism Ayer; epistemology, history of; Good-man; ideas; illusion, arguments from; metaphysics, problems of; nạve realism; perception; Price, H H.; representative theory of perception; sense-data phenomenology bracketing; Brentano; continental phi-losophy; existentialism; French phiphi-losophy; Hegel; Husserl; idealism, philosophical; Ingarden; Merleau-Ponty; Mill, John Stuart; Ricœur; Sartre; Schutz; sci-ence, feminist philosophy of
philo judaeus Hellenistic philosophy; Jewish philosophy; Platonism
philo (the dialectician) philoponus
philosophe Condillac; Diderot; Edwards, P.; Enlighten-ment; French philosophy; history, history of the philos-ophy of; philosphilos-ophy, history of departments and centres of; philosophy, influence of; Saint-Simon philosopher-king Czech philosophy; Plato; politics and the philosophers
philosopher may preach philosophy
philosophers, persecution of see persecution of
philo-sophers
philosophers and god see god and the philosophers
philosopher’s stone
philosophical anthropology see anthropology,
philo-sophical
philosophical dictionaries and encyclopaedias see
dic-tionaries and encyclopaedias philosophical inquiry: first premisses and principles analytic philosophy; Descartes; empiricism; epistemol-ogy, history of; fashion in philosophy; linguistic philos-ophy; metaphysics, history of; ordinary language and philosophy; Logical Positivism; phenomenology; prag-matism; rationalism; Romanticism, philosophical; scepticism; Socratic method; verification principle philosophical journals fashion in philosophy; publish-ing philosophy
philosophical logic abduction; abstraction; affirmative and negative propositions; agglomeration; ambiguous middle, fallacy of; analysis; amphiboly; analytic and synthetic statements; apodeictic; antinomies; a priori and a posteriori; architectonic; argument; arguments, types of; assertion; atomism, logical; basic statements; begging the question; biconditional; bivalence, princi-ple of; categorical judgement; category mistake; class; coherence theory of truth; conditionals; confectionery fallacy; conjunction; contingent and necessary state-ments; correspondence theory of truth; counterfactu-als; deduction; definition; deflationary theories of
1040 Index and List of Entries
Trang 2truth; denotation and connotation; de re and de dicto;
descriptions, theory of; determinables and
determi-nates; dichotomy; dilemma; disjunction; entailment;
enthymeme; excluded middle, law of; exclusive
partic-ularity, fallacy of; existential proposition;
extensional-ity; extension and intension; fallacy; flaccid designator;
formal and material mode; four-term fallacy; Frege;
gambler’s fallacy; generalization; genetic fallacy;
het-erological and homological; heuristic; identity; identity
of indiscernibles; identity, the paradox of; iff; ignoratio
elenchi; implication; inconsistent triad; individuation;
inference; infima species; infinite regress; insufficient
reason, principle of; laws of thought; logical truth; many
questions fallacy; masked man fallacy; material
implica-tion; modality; modus ponens; modus tollens; names;
necessary and sufficient conditions; necessity, logical;
negation and double negation; non-contradiction,
law of; particular proposition; polar concepts; possible
worlds; possibility; pragmatic theory of truth; principle;
proposition; protasis; psychologism; ravens, paradox
of; realism and anti-realism; reasoning; recursion,
defi-nition by; reductio ad absurdum; reductio ad impossibile;
redundancy theory of truth; referring; reflexivity;
Rus-sell; salva veritate; schema; semantic theory of truth;
snow is white; sophism; straw man fallacy;
syncate-gorematic; ‘to be’, the verb; transcendental arguments;
truth; truth-conditions; undistributed middle;
univer-sal proposition; unsaturated expression; vicious circle;
virtuous circle; Appendix: Maps of Philosophy
philosophical novel see novel, philosophical
philosophical practice, ethics of philosophy;
pseudo-philosophy
philosophy American philosophy; analytic philosophy;
ancient philosophy; autobiography, philosophical;
children and philosophy; clip an angel’s wings;
concep-tual analysis; ‘continental’ and ‘analytic’; continental
philosophy; English philosophy; fashion in philosophy;
Islamic philosophy today; linguistic philosophy;
lum-ber of the schools; more things in heaven and earth;
national and regional philosophies; new philosophy
calls all in doubt; philosophical dictionaries and
ency-clopaedias; philosophical inquiry: first premisses and
principles; French philosophy; German philosophy;
metaphilosophy; philosophical journals; philosophy;
philosophical practice, ethics of; philosophy and
litera-ture; philosophy and real life; philosophy and science;
philosophy and the public; philosophy, centres and
departments of; philosophy, influence of; philosophy,
literary; philosophy, value and use of; philosophy:
world and under-world; popular philosophy;
post-analytic philosophy; pseudo-philosophy; publishing
philosophy; Serbian philosophy; transcendence;
unlikely philosophical propositions; world philosophy;
Appendix: Maps of Philosophy; Appendix:
Chrono-logical Table of Philosophy
philosophy, chronology of see Appendix
philosophy, history of centres and departments of
Academy; American philosophy; ancient philosophy;
Aristotelianism; Australian philosophy; Cambridge philosophy; Canadian philosophy; English philosophy; Frankfurt School; Garden; Harvard philosophy; Lon-don philosophy; medieval philosophy; national and regional philosophies; Oxford philosophy; peripatetics; Plato; philosophy; teaching philosophy; Vienna Circle philosophy, influence of American philosophy; Enlighten-ment; liberalism; Marx; Marxist philosophy; moral philosophy, history of; philosopher may preach; phil-osophy; philosophy, value and use of; political philoso-phy, history of; Thomism
philosophy, literary genres of autobiography, philo-sophical
philosophy, maps of see Appendix philosophy, popular see popular philosophy philosophy, pseudo- see pseudo-philosophy philosophy, radical see radical philosophy philosophy, teaching see teaching philosophy
philosophy, value and use of applied ethics; bladders of philosophy; clip an angel’s wings; divine philosophy; fingering slave; informal logic; lumber of the schools; Marxist philosophy; moral philosophy, history of; philosopher-king; philosophy; philosophy, influence of; Plato; political philosophy, history of; teaching philosophy
philosophy, women in see women in philosophy philosophy and literature see literature and
philoso-phy
philosophy and ordinary language see ordinary
lan-guage and philosophy
philosophy and psychology see psychology and
philos-ophy philosophy and real life philosophy and science Le Dœuff; philosophy; science, history of the philosophy of; science, problems of the philosophy of; scientism
philosophy and the public popular philosophy
philosophy and theology see theology and philosophy philosophy and war see war and philosophy
philosophy of education see education, philosophy
of
philosophy of history see history, philosophy of philosophy of language see language, philosophy of philosophy of law see law, philosophy of
philosophy of life see life, philosophy of philosophy of mathematics see mathematics,
philoso-phy of
philosophy of mind see mind, philosophy of philosophy of religion see religion, philosophy of philosophy of science see science, philosophy of
philosophy: world and underworld philosophical inquiry: first principles and premisses; philosophy; popular philosophy; pseudo-philosophy
phrastic and neustic see neustic and phrastic PHRONE ¯ SIS political philosophy, history of; wisdom physicalism anomalous monism; closure; eliminativism; Mary, black and white; materialism; matter; meta-physics, history of; metameta-physics, problems of; mind,
Index and List of Entries 1041
Trang 3history of the philosophy of; mind, problems of the
philosophy of; physicalism in the philosophy of mind;
physics, philosophical problems of; Quine
physicalism in the philosophy of mind anomalous monism;
biological naturalism; central-state materialism;
elimi-nativism; emergentism; identity theory; materialism;
mechanism; mind, history of the philosophy of; mind,
problems of philosophy of; mind–body problem;
reductionism; reductionism, mental; supervenience;
union theory
physics, philosophical problems of cat, Schrödinger’s;
chaos theory; determinism; determinism, scientific;
Einstein; Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen paradox;
Heisenberg; indeterminism; Mach; Newton;
physical-ism; Planck; prediction; quantum mechanics; relativity
theory; science, history of the philosophy of; science,
problems of the philosophy of; space-time; uncertainty
principle
pico della mirandola Italian philosophy; Renaissance
philosophy
picture theory of meaning meaning; Wittgenstein
pictures aesthetics, history of; aesthetics, problems of;
representation; representation in art
piecemeal engineering conservatism; pluralism; Popper
pietism Jacobi
pineal gland animal spirits; Descartes; mind– body
prob-lem
placebo
plagiarism forgery; lying
planck determinism; determinism, scientific; quantum
mechanics
plantinga God, arguments for the existence of; religion,
problems of the philosophy of
plato Academy; aesthetics, history of; anamnesis; ancient
philosophy; anima mundi; arete¯; Cambridge Platonists;
cave, analogy of; divine command ethics; education,
history of the philosophy of; epistemology, history of;
eternal recurrence; Euthyphro problem; footnotes to
Plato; form and matter; God and the philosophers;
good, the form of; hedonism, ancient; language, history
of the philosophy of; law, history of the philosophy of;
macrocosm and microcosm; materialism;
mathemat-ics, history of the philosophy of; medieval philosophy;
metaphysics, history of; moral philosophy, history of;
necessary and contingent existence; Neoplatonism;
noble lie; phenomena and noumena; philosopher-king;
philosophy and science; philosophy, history of
depart-ments and centres of; Platonism; political philosophy,
history of; political philosophy, problems of; politics
and the philosophers; prime mover; Protagoras;
reli-gion, history of the philosophy of; scepticism, history
of; Socrates; space; science, history of the philosophy
of; teaching philosophy; third man argument;
Thrasy-machus
platonism Antiochus; arithmetic, foundations of;
August-ine; Boethius; footnotes to Plato; gnosticism; language,
history of the philosophy of; mathematics, history of
the philosophy of; mathematics, problems of the
phil-osophy of; metaphysics, history of; mind, history of the philosophy of; Murdoch; Roman philosophy
platonism, neo- see neoplatonism
plausibility probability; truth pleasure happiness; hedonic calculus; hedonism; moral philosophy, history of; pushpin and poetry; utilitarian-ism; well-being
plekhanov Marxist philosophy; Soviet philosophy plenitude, principle of possibility
plotinus ancient philosophy; Neoplatonism; Platonism; Porphyry; Roman philosophy
pluralism see monism and pluralism
pluralism, political democracy; liberalism; moral plu-ralism, multiculturalism; piecemeal engineering; toleration
plurality of causes causality
PNEUMA Galen; Chrysippus; soul poetry aesthetics, history of; aesthetics, problems of; enthusiasm; literature and philosophy; mimesis; music; novel, the philosophical; push-pin and poetry; Schiller poincaré conventionalism; French philosophy; positivism; simplicity; vicious-circle principle
polar concepts concept polish notation appendix on logical symbols; · ukasie-wicz; notations, logical
polish philosophy Ajdukiewicz; Ingarden; Kotarbin´ski; Les´niewski; Polish notation; Tarski; Twardowski political obligation consent; conservatism; contract, social; Filmer; law, scepticism about; legitimacy; liberalism POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY ableism; academic freedom; affirmative action; anarchism; alienation; anti-communism; Arendt; aristocracy, natural; Aristotle; Arrow; authority; Bakunin; Barry; base and superstruc-ture; benevolence; Berlin; Bodin; bourgeoisie and pro-letariat; Burke; capitalism; class struggle; Cohen, G A.; civil society; civil liberties; coercion; collective respon-sibility; communism; communitarianism; community; consent; conservatism; conservatism and Romanti-cism; Constant; constitutionalism; contract, contrac-tarianism; social; convention; corrective justice; de Maistre; democracy; democracy and capitalism; dialec-tical materialism; dirty hands; Dühring; élitism; enforcement of morals; Engels; equality; evil; fairness; false consciousness; human; Fanon; fascism; feminist political theory; four freedoms; fraternity; freedom, political; free riders; freedom of speech; Gauthier; gen-eral will; Gewirth; globalization, morality and politics; Godwin; Griffin; Hayek; historical materialism; home-land, a right to; Hook; human rights; ideology; imperi-alism; individualism, moral and political; inequality; international relations, philosophy of; invisible hand; intersubjective; justice; Kautsky; Keynes; Kropotkin; law, scepticism about; Left, the; legitimacy; Lenin; eralism; libertarianism; libertarianism, left-; liberty; lib-erty and equality; Lukács; Machiavelli; Marcuse; markets; markets and the public good; Marx; Marxism after communism; Marxist philosophy; material con-tradictions; maximin and minimax; meritocracy;
mix-1042 Index and List of Entries
Trang 4ture of labour; morality in political philosophy;
morality, public; multiculturalism; national character;
nationalism; needs; Nozick; organic society; original
position; Paine; Pareto optimality; partiality and
impar-tiality; paternalism; people; piecemeal engineering;
Plekhanov; Plato; pluralism; political obligation;
polit-ical philosophy, history of; politpolit-ical philosophy,
prob-lems of; political scepticism; political violence; politics
and the philosophers; power; praxis; Price; prisoner’s
dilemma; privatization; progress; property; Proudhon;
punishment; radical philosophy; Rawls; Raz; reflective
equilibrium; reform; Republicanism; revolution; rights;
Right, the political new; rule of law; self-determination;
self-regarding actions; social change, means of; social
Darwinism; social engineering; socialism; social
phil-osophy; society; sovereignity; state of nature; State,
the; structural violence; syndicalism; terrorism; test of
time; toleration; tradition; Trotsky; utopianism; veil of
ignorance; voting paradox; Walzer; Weil; welfarism;
well-being; Wilt Chamberlain argument; Appendix:
Maps of Philosophy
political philosophy, history of POLITICAL
PHILOS-OPHY
political philosophy, problems of POLITICAL
PHIL-OSOPHY
political scepticism conservatism; Oakeshott
political violence see violence, political
politics and determinism conservatism; dialectical
mate-rialism; freedom and determinism; historical
determin-ism; historical materialdetermin-ism; Marxist philosophy
politics and ethics
politics and the philosophers Bentham; Burke;
conser-vatism; Czech philosophy; de Beauvoir; Diderot;
Finnish philosophy; Gandhi; Gentile; Gramsci; Greek
philosophy, modern; Heidegger; Ibn Khaldu¯n;
liberal-ism; Locke; logic of discovery; Lukács; Marx; Masaryk;
Mill, John Stuart; Neurath; Nkrumah; Paine;
philoso-pher-king; Radhakrishnan; Russell; Sartre; Seneca;
Soviet philosophy; Voltaire
pomponazzi libertinism; Renaissance philosophy
PONS ASINORUM
popper anti-communism; conservatism; corroboration;
falsifiability; Hegel; hypothetico-deductive method;
Kuhn; Lakatos; London philosophy; methodology;
phi-losophy and science; piecemeal engineering; science,
history of philosophy of; science, problems of
philoso-phy of; pseudo-science; scientific method; social
engi-neering; verisimilitude
popular philosophy philosophy; philosophy, value and
use of; philosophy and the public; pseudo-philosophy
population future generations; person-affecting principles
pornography sexual morality
porphyry metaphysics, history of; Neoplatonism;
Pla-tonism; Plotinus
port-royalists Arnauld; Cartesianism; French
philoso-phy; Jansenism; logic, history of
posit existence; Quine
positive and negative freedom see liberty
positivism Avenarius; behaviourism; Comte; empiricism; Italian philosophy; Korn; Latin American philosophy; Logical Positivism; legal positivism; London philoso-phy; Mach; Meyerson; naturalism; scientism
positivism, legal see legal positivism positivism, logical see logical positivism
possibility conceivability; modal logic; necessity; pleni-tude
possible worlds conditionals; counterfactuals; counter-part theory; flaccid designator; Kripke; Lewis, D.;
modal logic; mundus imaginalis; necessity, logical;
necessity, metaphysical; possibility; rigid designator; semantics, possible worlds; Stalnaker; unlikely philo-sophical propositions
possible worlds semantics seesemantics, possible worlds POST HOC ERGO PROPTER HOC causality; constant conjunction post-analytic philosophy analytic philosophy
post-modernism French philosophy; German philosophy today; Lyotard; modernism
post-structuralism Derrida; French philosophy; struc-turalism
potentiality capacity; causality; disposition; power; pro-pensity
POUR SOI seefor-itself and in-itself power authority; causality; capacity; disposition; Machi-avelli; necessity, nomic; potentiality; propensity
power, will to see will to power
practical reason Aristotle; Kant; Kantian ethics; moral philosophy, history of; reason
practical syllogism Aristotle pragmaticism American philosophy; Peirce; pragmatism pragmatics Austin, J L.; linguistic acts; semantics; semi-otics; syntactics
pragmatic theory of truth Dewey; James; language, history of the philosophy of; philosophical logic; prag-matism; Peirce; truth
pragmatism American philosophy; ‘continental’and ‘ana-lytic’; Dewey; Harvard philosophy; Hocking; James; Lewis, C I.; Mead; neo-pragmatism; Peirce; Poincaré; pragmaticism; Ramsey; Rescher; Rorty; Santayana; sci-entific method; Wright, Chauncey
pragmatism, neo- see neo-pragmatism
praxis Marxist philosophy; political philosophy, history of; pragmatism; Serbian philosophy; social construc-tionism
predicate see subject and predicate
predicate calculus Frege; logic, modern; modal logic; propositional calculus
predicative theories intuitionist logic; mathematics, his-tory of the philosophy of
prediction determinism; determinism, scientific; New-comb’s paradox; natural or scientific laws
prediction paradox exam paradox; paradoxes
pre-established harmony see harmony, pre-established
preface paradox paradoxes
prejudice, burkian see burke
prescriptivism descriptivism; ethical formalism; Foot; Hare; Kantian ethics; meta-ethics; moral judgement; moral
Index and List of Entries 1043
Trang 5philosophy, history of; neustic and phrastic;
non-cognitivism; open question argument; ought
present see time
presentism existence; time
pre-socratic philosophy Alcmaeon; Anaxagoras;
Anaxi-mander; Anaximenes; ancient philosophy; atomism;
Barnes; Democritus; Eleatics; Empedocles; Heraclitus;
law, history of the philosophy of; Melissus; metaphysics,
history of; Parmenides; philosophy; philosophy, history
of centres and departments of; Pythagoras; religion,
his-tory of the philosophy of; Thales; Xenophanes; Zeno of
Elea
presumption
price h h Oxford philosophy
price, r
prichard moral philosophy, history of
priestley utilitarianism
prima-facie duties duty; moral philosophy, history of;
Ross
primary and secondary qualities Berkeley; colours;
Ed-wards, J.; Locke; moral realism; properties; qualities;
representative theory of perception
prime matter materialism; matter
prime mover Aristotle; Plato
principle arkhe¯; axiom; double effect; insufficient reason;
reflective equilibrium; regulative principle; sufficient
reason
principle of sufficient reason see sufficient reason
principles, regulative see regulative principles
prior
prioritarianism
prisoner’s dilemma
privacy
private language problem language, problems of the
philosophy of; linguistic philosophy; samples,
explana-tion by; solipsism; Wittgenstein
privatization conservatism; socialization
privileged access incorrigible; inner sense; introspection
probabilistic causality causality
probability Bayesian confirmation theory; Bernoulli’s
theorem; Bertrand’s paradox; Carnap; chance; Cohen,
L J.; conditional probability; corroboration; de Finetti;
Hacking; Keynes; Kneale; laws, natural or scientific;
Monty Hall problem; Peirce; philosophical logic;
plau-sibility; propensity; Ramsey; Reichenbach; science,
problems of the philosophy of; stochastic process
probability, conditional see conditional probability
probability theory and epistemology
problematic
process change; event; process philosophy; Whitehead
process philosophy Hartshorne; process; Whitehead
process theology see theology and philosophy
proclus Neoplatonism
professional ethics business ethics; corporate
respon-sibility
programs of computers artificial intelligence; computers;
mentality; mind, problems of the philosophy of; mind,
syntax, and semantics
progress Burckhardt; Comte; Enlightenment; evolution; Hegel; histories of moral philosophy; Marx; Marxist philosophy; pessimism and optimism; Saint-Simon projectivism primary and secondary properties; quasi-realism
proletariat see bourgeoisie and proletariat proletariat, dictatorship of the see dictatorship of
the proletariat proof theory demonstration; natural deduction propensity capacity; causality; disposition; Mellor; poten-tiality; power
proper names see names
properties accident;aspects;emergent properties; essence; essentialism; haecceity; non-natural properties; par-ticulars and non-parpar-ticulars; properties, individual; qualities; quiddity; substance and attribute; universals properties, individual Meinong; metaphysics, problems of; mode; ontology; particulars and non-particulars; phenomenology; properties; Stout; tropes
properties, non-natural see non-natural properties
property Brownson; capitalism; communism; conser-vatism; equality; inequality; liberalism; libertarianism; Locke; market; Marx; Marxist philosophy; mixture of labour; Nozick; Proudhon; socialism; well-being proposition affirmative and negative propositions; logic, traditional; particulars and non-particulars; philosophi-cal logic; propositional attitudes; statements and sen-tences
propositional attitude belief; content; emotion and feeling; judgement; mind, problems of the philosophy of; proposition; sensation; translation, indeterminacy of; thinking causes; truth
propositional calculus Frege; logic, modern; complete-ness; decision procedure; natural deduction; predicate calculus; propositional function; quantifier; sentential calculus; tautology; theorem; function; truth-table; well-formed formulae
propositional function function; propositional calcu-lus; quantifier
proprioception see perception
protagoras ancient philosophy; moral philosophy, his-tory of; relativism, epistemological; Sophists
protasis affirming the antecedent; denying the antecedent; conditional
protocol sentences basic statements; Carnap; logical empiricism
proudhon anarchism; property pseudonyms, philosophical Kierkegaard pseudo-philosophy Logical Positivism; philosophical prac-tice, ethics of; philosophy; popular philosophy; verifica-tion principle
pseudo-science Freud; Popper; psychoanalysis, philoso-phical problems of; social science, philosophy of; sci-ence, history of the philosophy of
psyche life; soul; spirit; Thales
psychic research seeesp phenomena,philosophical
implica-tions of psychoanalysis, philosophical problems of Bachelard;
1044 Index and List of Entries
Trang 6counselling, philosophical; Deleuze; dreams; Freud;
Grünbaum; Jung; Kristeva; Lacan; Reich; Sartre;
unconscious and subconscious mind; Wollheim
psychologism Frege; mathematics, history of the
philos-ophy of; naturalism; philosophical logic
psychology and philosophy behaviourism; cognitive
science; consciousness, its irreducibility; epistemology
and psychology; esp phenomena; functionalism;
Hoffd-ing; Husserl; James; mind, history of the philosophy of;
mind, problems of the philosophy of; psychology,
philosophical relevance of; unconscious and
subcon-scious mind
psychoneural intimacy identity theory; mind–body
prob-lem; neuroscience, philosophical relevance of;
psy-chophysical laws; union theory
psychophysical laws anomalous monism; Davidson;
determinism; Kim; mental causation; mind, problems
of the philosophy of; mind–body problem;
superve-nience; union theory
public morality enforcement of morality; liberalism;
lib-erty; toleration; public–private distinction
public–private distinction enforcement of morals;
fem-inism; liberalism; public morality
publishing philosophy
pufendorf
punishment Bentham; desert; capital punishment;
cor-rective justice; forgiveness; lex talionis; moral
psychol-ogy; power; responsibility; unlikely philosophical
propositions
punishment, capital see capital punishment
pushpin and poetry Bentham; Mill, John Stuart;
plea-sure; utilitarianism; utility
putnam functionalism; Logical Positivisim;
mathemat-ics, problems of the philosophy of; rationalism;
scepti-cism; science, history of the philosophy of; twin earth;
variable realization
pyrrho ancient philosophy; Pyrrhonism; scepticism;
scepti-cism, history of; Sextus Empiricus
pyrrhonism epistemology, problems of; Pyrrho;
scepti-cism; scepticism, history of; Sextus Empiricus
pythagoras ancient philosophy; Pre-Socratic philosophy;
Pythagoreanism
pythagoreanism Platonism; Pythagoras; Roman
philos-ophy
qualia consciousness; consciousness, its irreducibility;
metaphysics, problems of; mind, problems of the
phi-losophy of; Shoemaker; subjectivity
qualities haecceity; primary and secondary qualities;
properties; properties, individual; universals
quality of life happiness; utility; well-being
quantification logic, modern
quantifier Frege; logical theory; logic, modern;
philo-sophical logic; propositional function; Russell; variable
quantity and quality logic, traditional
quantum logic
quantum mechanics, philosophical problems of action at
a distance; cat, Schrödinger’s; determinism; determinism,
scientific; Einstein; freedom and determinism; field the-ory; Heisenberg; Neumann; physics, philosophical prob-lems of; prediction; science, probprob-lems of the philosophy of quantum theory and philosophy determinism; deter-minism and freedom; Earman; quantum logic; science, history of the philosophy of
quasi-memory memory; personal identity quasi-realism Blackburn; moral realism
quasi-virtue see shame
quiddity identity of indiscernibles; haecceity quietism, philosophical Wittgenstein quine American philosophy; analytic and synthetic state-ments; analytic philosophy; charity, principle of; con-textual definition; existence; Harvard philosophy; holism; indeterminacy of meaning; language, history of the philosophy of; language, problems of the philoso-phy of; Lexicon, the Philosophical; logic, history of; mathematics, history of the philosophy of; meaning; metaphysics, problems of; mind, history of the philoso-phy of; naturalism; philosophiloso-phy and science; psychol-ogy, philosophical relevance of; posit; science, history
of the philosophy of; scientism; translation, indetermi-nacy of
quinton analytic philosophy; English philosophy; lin-guistic philosophy; philosophical inquiry; philosophy race, theories of fascism; racism
racism Fanon; fascism; people; race, theories of radcliffe richards feminism
radhakrishnan Hindu philosophy; Indian philosophy; Veda¯nta
radical feminism see feminism, radical radical interpretation and translation see
transla-tion radical philosophy Left, the ra¯ma¯nuja Indian philosophy ramsey deflationary theories of truth; paradoxes, logical; redundancy theory of truth
rashdall perfectionism; utilitarianism ratiocination argument; inference; rationality; reason; reasoning
rational choice theory rationalism Bolzano; Chomsky; clear and distinct ideas; conservatism and Romanticism; Descartes; empiri-cism; epistemology, history of; Leibniz; metaphysics, history of; metaphysics, problems of; Montaigne; Oakeshott; philosophical inquiry; reason; Spinoza; Appendix: Maps of Philosophy
rationality intelligence; moral philosophy, history of; philosophical logic; prisoner’s dilemma; reason; rea-soning; satisficing; time preference
ravens, paradox of the Hempel; paradoxes rawls constructivism in ethics; contractarianism; differ-ence principle; fairness; general will; justice; liberalism; original position; perfectionism; political philosophy, history of; political philosophy, problems of; reflective equilibrium; resentment; veil of ignorance; well-being raz
Index and List of Entries 1045
Trang 7real absolute; appearance and reality; being; Berkeley;
Bradley; Buddhist philosophy; cave, analogy of; Critical
Realism; empiricism; epistemology, history of;
exis-tence; external world; idealism, philosophical; illusion;
Hume; Kant; Kantianism; Locke; materialism; matter;
metaphysics, history of; metaphysics, problems of;
monism and pluralism; naturalism; New Realism;
ontology; Parmenides; perception; phenomena and
noumena; phenomenalism; physicalism; Plato; real;
realism and anti-realism; representative theory of
per-ception; scepticism, history of; Schopenhauer;
sense-data; thing-in-itself; things; ‘to be’, the verb;
trans-cendence; veil of perception
realism, critical see critical realism
realism, direct see nạve realism
realism, legal see legal realism
realism, mathematical see mathematics, problems of
the philosophy of; platonism
realism, moral see moral realism
realism, nạve see nạve realism
realism, new see new realism
realism, quasi- see quasi-realism
realism and anti-realism appearance and reality; being;
coherence theory of truth; correspondence theory of
truth; Dummett; existence; idealism, philosophical;
nominalism; ontology; Parmenides; philosophical
logic; realism in metaphysics; truth; universals; unlikely
philosophical propositions; Wright, Crispin; Appendix:
Maps of Philosophy
realism in metaphysics
reality, levels of metaphysics, history and problems of
realization functionalism; mental reductionism;
physi-calism in the philosophy of mind; reductionism,
men-tal; variable realization
reason Aquinas; Bayle; belief; bladders of philosophy;
emotive theory of ethics; Enlightenment; Hegel;
Hobbes; Hume; ideas of pure reason; intelligence;
irra-tionalism; logos; Luther; Montaigne; New England
Tran-scendentalism; nous; philosophe; philosopher may
preach; Plato; ratiocination; rationalism; rationality;
rea-son as slave of the passions; rearea-soning; Romanticism,
philosophical; Santayana; Schelling; understanding
reason, practical see practical reason
reason as slave of the passions emotion and feeling;
Hobbes; Hume; Hume’s fork; moral philosophy,
his-tory of; passion; reason; reasoning
reasoning cognition; deduction; demonstration;
induc-tion; laws of thought; logic, modern; logic, traditional;
philosophy, value and use of; ratiocination; rationality;
reasons and causes; reductio ad absurdum; understanding
reasoning, psychology of
reasons, internal and external
reasons and causes belief; Davidson; Hobbes; intention;
mental causation; mind, problems of the philosophy of;
motives and motivation; thinking causes
recurrence see eternal recurrence
recursion, definition by definition; semantic theory of
truth
reducibility, axiom of Russell; types, theory of
reducibility of consciousness see consciousness, its
irreducibility
REDUCTIO AD ABSURDUM natural deduction; philosophical
inquiry; reductio ad impossibile; science, history of the
philosophy of
REDUCTIO AD IMPOSSIBILE reductio ad absurdum
reductionism biology, philosophical problems of; chem-istry, philosophy of monism; Nagel, E.; reductionism, mental; science, history of the philosophy of; science, problems of the philosophy of; unity of science reductionism, mental central-state materialism; elimi-nativism; identity theory; materialism; mind–body problem; reductionism
reductionism, psychological, in personal identity per-sonal identity
redundancy theory of truth disquotation;Johnson, W E.; philosophical logic; Ramsey
rée
reference see sense and reference
referential opacity extensionality; intensionality; masked man fallacy
referring linguistic acts; sense and reference; subject and predicate
reflective equilibrium Rawls reflexivity relation
reform Burke; conservatism; liberalism; revolution
regress, infinite see infinite regress
regulative principles Kant; Peirce; principle reich psychoanalysis, philosophical problems of reichenbach science, history of the philosophy of reid common sense; English philosophy; Scottish philos-ophy
reincarnation Buddhist philosophy; death; immortal-ity; karma; soul
relations ancestral relation; equivalence relation; Meinong; reflexivity; relations, internal and external; relations, nature of; transitive relation
relations, internal and external relations; relations, nature of
relations, nature of Meinong; relations; relations, internal and external
relativism,epistemological incommensurability; science, problems of the philosophy of
relativism, ethical Harman; incommensurability; incom-mensurability, moral; moral philosophy, problems of; moral scepticism; Rée; Sophists; veritatis splendor
relativism, linguistic see problems of metaphysics
relativity theory, philosophical relevance of energy; physics, philosophical problems of
relevance logic Anderson and Belnap reliabilism epistemology, problems of; experience; genetic fallacy; justification, epistemic; knowledge; naturalism RELIGION analogy; analytical Thomism; antitheism; atheism and agnosticism; atonement; Ayer; Bauer; Bonhoeffer; Buber; Buddhism; Bultmann; Cajetan; Calvin; Calvinism; causa sui; cosmological argument;
cosmology and religious belief; creationism; credo quia
1046 Index and List of Entries
Trang 8absurdum est; credo ut intelligam; deism; de Maistre;
design, argument from; dogma; divine command
ethics; eschatology; eternity; evil, the problem of; faith
and reason; fideism; first cause argument; forgiveness;
Gilson; God; God and the philosophers; God,
argu-ments against the existence of; God, arguargu-ments for the
existence of; God is dead; godmanhood; grace; heaven;
hell; holy, numinous, and sacred; Hume; I and thou;
immortality; Jansenism; Jewish philosophy;
libertin-ism; Luther; Manichaelibertin-ism; Maritain; Marx; miracles;
moral philosophy, history of; mysticism; natural
theol-ogy; neo-Thomism; Nietzsche; ontological argument;
original sin; pantheism; Pascal’s wager; Pelagius;
pietism; Plantinga; prime mover; reincarnation;
reli-gion and morality; relireli-gion, history of the philosophy
of; religion, problems of the philosophy of; religion,
scepticism about; religion and epistemology; religious
experience; religious language; Religiousness A and
B; revelation; science, art, and religion; sin; soul;
Spinoza; Sufism; Swinburne; teleological argument;
theism; theodicy; theology and philosophy; Thomism;
Thomism, analytical; transcendence; Veritatis Splendor;
Voltaire; Weil; Zen; Zoroastrianism
religion, art, and science see science, art, and religion
religion, history of philosophy of RELIGION
religion, problems of philosophy of RELIGION
religion, scepticism about atheism and agnosticism; God
and the philosophers; Hume; libertinism; religion,
his-tory of the philosophy of; religion, problems of the
philosophy of
religion and epistemology natural theology; revelation
religion and morality divine command ethics; moral
philosophy, history of; philosophy; religion, history of
the philosophy of; slave morality
religious belief and cosmology see cosmology and
reli-gious belief
religious experience, argument for the existence of
god from Alston; holy, numinous, and sacred; James;
mysticism; religion, history of the philosophy of;
reli-gion, problems of the philosophy of; relireli-gion,
scepti-cism about
religious language Alston; Logical Positivism; religion,
history of the philosophy of; religion, problems of the
philosophy of
religiousness a and b inwardness; Kierkegaard
remembering see memory
renaissance philosophy Brandom; Byzantine philosophy;
Croatian philosophy; Erasmus; humanism;
meta-physics, history of; philosophy, history of departments
and centres of; Platonism; Polish philosophy; theosophy
renouvier French philosophy
representation intentionality; language, history of the
philosophy of; language, problems of the philosophy
of; meaning; representation in art; Russell; semantics;
sign and symbol; Vorstellung; Walton; Wittgenstein
representation, political
representation in art art; aesthetics, problems of;
repre-sentation; sign and symbol
representative theory of perception idealism, philo-sophical; ideas; Jackson; Malebranche; nạve realism; percept; perception; phenomenalism; sense-data; veil
of perception reproduction and morality republicanism
rescher American philosophy; Bradley; coherence the-ory of truth; fallibilism; pragmatism
RES COGITANS Descartes; Heidegger; mind resentment Strawson
residues, method of see method of residues
respect Kant responsibility collective responsibility; desert; freedom and determinism; punishment
responsibility, collective see collective responsibility retribution see desert
revelation religion and epistemology
revenge lex talionis; punishment
revisionary metaphysics descriptive metaphysics; metaphysics, history of; metaphysics, problems of; Strawson
revolution Burke; communism; conservatism; de Maistre; liberalism; Locke; Marx; Marxist philosophy; Marcuse; Paine; political philosophy, history of; Sorel; violence, political
revolutions, scientific Kuhn rhetoric Aristotle; Gorgias richard’s paradox paradoxes ricoeur French philosophy; French philosophy today right agent-relative moralities; consequentialism; deon-tology; equality; Euthyphro problem; good; justice; moral judgement; moral philosophy, history of; moral philosophy, problems of; ought; right action; utilitari-anism
right, the political see conservatism
right, the political new conservatism; liberalism; liber-tarianism, political; markets; Nozick; reform; Scruton right action agent-relative moralities; absolutism, moral; consequentialism; consumerist ethics; deontology; equality; good; Hegelianism; justice; Kant; Kantian ethics; meta-ethics; moral judgement; moral philoso-phy, history of; moral philosophiloso-phy, problems of; obliga-tion; ought; rights; utilitarianism
rights Bentham; civil liberties; Dworkin; freedom, polit-ical; Grotius; human rights; law, history of the philoso-phy of; law, problems of the philosophiloso-phy of; legitimacy; liberalism; libertarianism; nonsense upon stilts; Noz-ick; Pufendorf
rights, natural see natural rights
rigid designator flaccid designator; kind, natural; Kripke; names
RISUS SOPHISTICUS argumentum ad hominem
roman philosophy ancient philosophy; Augustine; Aure-lius; Boethius; Cicero; Epictetus; Hellenistic philoso-phy; Lucretius; Sceptics; Seneca; Stoicism
romantic irony see irony, romantic
romanticism, philosophical Coleridge; conservatism and Romanticism; Fichte; German philosophy; Goethe;
Index and List of Entries 1047
Trang 9human nature; irony, Romantic; irrationalism; Lessing;
Mill, John Stuart; Naturphilosophie; New England
Tran-scendentalism; philosophy, influence of; Schelling;
Schlegel; Schopenhauer
romanticism and conservatism see conservatism and
romanticism
romero Latin American philosophy
rorty continental philosophy; mind, history of the
phi-losophy of; neo-pragmatism; post-modernism
rosenzweig Jewish philosophy
ross moral philosophy, history of; prima-facie duties;
right action
rousseau education, history of the philosophy of;
free-dom, political; French philosophy; general will;
philos-ophy, influence of; political philosphilos-ophy, history of
royce Harvard philosophy; Hegelianism; New Realism
rule of law civil disobedience; civil liberties;
conser-vatism; frame problem; law, history of the philosophy
of; law, problems of the philosophy of; liberalism;
polit-ical violence; revolution
rules language, history of the philosophy of; language,
problems of the philosophy of; law, problems of the
philosophy of; logical theory; meaning; philosophical
logic; rationality
russell acquaintance and description; analytic
philoso-phy; atomism, logical; Cambridge philosophiloso-phy;
contex-tual definition; descriptions, theory of; English
philosophy; epistemology, history of; explanation;
Frege; language, history of the philosophy of; logically
proper names; logic, history of; logical atomism;
logi-cally proper names; logical theory; logicism;
mathe-matics, history of the philosophy of; meaning;
Meinong; metaphysics, history of; moral philosophy,
history of; neutral monism; Peano; persecution of
philosophers; philosophical logic; philosophy and
sci-ence; pragmatism; process philosophy; reducibility,
axiom of; relations, nature of; Russell’s paradox; set
the-ory; ‘to be’, the verb; types; Wang
russell’s paradox arithmetic, foundations of; barber
para-dox; paradoxes; Russell; set theory; types, theory of
russian philosophy Bakhtin; Bakunin; Bogdanov; Herzen;
law, scepticism about; Marxist philosophy; Plekhanov;
Solovyov; Soviet philosophy; Vygotsky
ryle agent; linguistic philosophy; ghost in the machine;
mind, history of the philosophy of; mind, problems of
the philosophy of; Oxford philosophy; polar concepts;
psychology and philosophy; topic-neutral; volition
saadiah gaon Jewish philosophy
sacred see holy, numinous, and sacred
sainsbury paradoxes; Russell
saint-simon French philosophy
salmon
SALVA VERITATE extensionality; Leibniz; referential opacity
s´an˙kara Indian philosophy; Upanishads; Veda¯nta
samples, explanation by ostensive definition;
Wittgen-stein
santayana aesthetics, history of; American philosophy;
Harvard philosophy; pragmatism sapir–whorf hypothesis language
sartre abandonment; absurd; Angst; bad faith;
continen-tal philosophy; de Beauvoir; existence precedes essence; existentialism; for-itself and in-itself; French philosophy; God and the philosophers; Marcel; meta-physics, problems of; nothingness; politics and the philosophers; slime
satisfaction happiness; logic, history of; Tarski; utilitari-anism
satisficing utilitarianism
saturated expression see unsaturated expression
saussure language and parole saying and showing Wittgenstein scanlon contractarianism; contractualism
scepticism aporia; Ayer; Berkeley; brain in a vat;
Carte-sianism; certainty; Descartes; epistemology, history of; epistemology, problems of; evil demon; fallibilism; foundationalism; given; Hellenistic philosophy; Hume; illusion, arguments from; incorrigibility; justification, epistemic; foundationalism; Kant; knowledge; knowl-edge, limits of; Lichtenberg; moral scepticism; oar in water; open and closed thought; philosophy; Platon-ism; Pyrrho; PyrrhonPlaton-ism; realism and anti-realPlaton-ism; Sceptics, ancient; scepticism, history of; Sextus Empiri-cus; Wittgenstein
scepticism, history of scepticism
scepticism, moral see moral scepticism scepticism about law see law, scepticism about scepticism about religion see religion, scepticism about
sceptics, ancient ancient philosophy; Arcesilaus; Carneades;
Democritus; epistemology, history of; epoche¯; oar in
water; Parmenides; Pyrrho; Pyrrhonism; Roman philosophy; scepticism; scepticism, history of; Sextus Empiricus; Socrates; Xenophanes
schacht Nietzsche scheler anthropology, philosophical; German philoso-phy; resentment
schelling German philosophy; idealism, German; Natur-philosophie; Romanticism, philosophical
schema formula schiffer schiller German philosophy; Kantianism schlegel
schleiermacher schlick Logical Positivism; Vienna Circle scholasticism Aquinas; Augustine; Latin American phil-osophy; Locke; medieval philphil-osophy; metaphysics, his-tory of; Ockham; Petrarch; religion, hishis-tory of the philosophy of; Renaissance philosophy; Scotus schopenhauer aesthetics, history of; German philoso-phy; idealism, philosophical; metaphysics, history of; moral philosophy, history of; pessimism and optimism; sufficient reason, principle of; vegetarianism; will
schrödinger see cat, schrödinger’s
schutz life-world SCIENCE action at a distance; Aristotle; atomism, physi-cal; Bachelard; Bayseian confirmation theory; Bell’s
1048 Index and List of Entries
Trang 10theorem; Berkeley; biology, philosophical problems of;
boat, Neurath’s; black box; Bloch; Bohr; Boltzmann;
bootstrapping; Boyle; Braithwaite; Bridgman;
Cart-wright; cat, Schrödinger’s; chaos theory; Clifford;
concomitant variations; Copernicus; conventionalism;
corroboration; cosmology; covering-law model;
cru-cial experiment; Darwinism; determinism, scientific;
Duhem; Earman; Einstein; Einstein, Podolsky, and
Rosen paradox; empirical; energy; entelechy; entropy;
evidence; evolution; experiment; explanation;
fallibil-ism; falsifiability; field theory; Feyerabend; Fichte;
Frankfurt School; Galileo; Grünbaum; Hacking;
Heisenberg; Hempel; hypothesis;
hypothetico-deductive method; incommensurability;
indetermin-ism; induction; instrumentalindetermin-ism; kinesis; Kitcher;
Kneale; knowledge and science; Kuhn; Lakatos; logic of
discovery; Lamarck; La Mettrie; Laplace; laws, natural
or scientific; life and science; Mach; macrocosm and
microcosm; magnitudes; materialism; matter;
Maxwell’s demon; measurement; mechanism;
medi-cine, philosophy of; metaphysics, history of; method of
agreement; method of concomitant variation; method
of difference; method of residue; method, joint;
methodology; Mochus; models; motion; Nagel, E.;
Naturphilosophie; necessity, nomic; Neurath; Newton;
nomic; observation and theory; operationalism;
Pap-ineau; particles and waves; philosophy; philosophy and
science; physicalism; physics, philosophical problems
of; Planck; Poincaré; Popper; prediction;
pseudo-science; quantum mechanics, philosophical problems
of; quantum theory and philosophy; reductionism;
Reichenbach; relativity theory, philosophical
signifi-cance of; revolutions, scientific; science, art, and
reli-gion; science, diversity of; science, feminist philosophy
of; science, history of the philosophy of; science,
prob-lems of the philosophy of; science, social philosophy of;
scientific method; scientism; simplicity;
space-time; stochastic process; theory; theory ladenness;
thought experiments; uncertainty principle;
unifor-mity of nature; unity of science; van Fraassen;
verifica-tionism; verisimilitude; void; Appendix: Maps of
Philosophy
science, diversity of unity of science
science, feminist philosophy of feminism; feminist
phi-losophy; knowledge and science; masculism; science,
social philosophy of
science, philosophy of, history of SCIENCE
science, philosophy of, problems of SCIENCE
science, pseudo- see pseudo-science
science, social philosophy of economics, philosophy of;
methodological holism and individualism
science, unity of see unity of science
science and knowledge see knowledge and science
science and life see life and science
science and philosophy see philosophy and science
science, art, and religion art; RELIGION; SCIENCE;
scientism
scientific determinism see determinism, scientific
scientific method abduction; axiomatic method; hypo-thetico-deductive method; induction; inference to the best explanation; methodology; laws, natural or scien-tific; Mill’s methods; science, history of the philosophy of; science, problems of the philosophy of; scientism; theory
scientism knowledge and science; life and science; meta-physics, history of; Penelope’s wooers; philosophy and science; science, art, and religion; translation, indeter-minacy of
scope artificial language; logic, modern; scope fallacies scope fallacies logic, modern; scope
scottish philosophy Bain; British philosophy today; com-mon sense; Duns Scotus; English philosophy; Fergu-son; Hamilton; Hume; HutcheFergu-son; Macmurray; Mair; Reid; Smith; Sprigge; Stewart
scotus, john duns see duns scotus scotus eriugena, john see eriugena
sea battle future contingents; ·ukasiewicz; many-valued logic
sea-battle argument future contingents searle biological naturalism; Chinese room argument; mind, syntax, and semantics
secondary qualities see primary and secondary
quali-ties seeing as duck-rabbit; illusion; Wittgenstein self bundle theory of the self; Descartes; ego; Fichte; for-itself and in-for-itself; ghost in the machine; Heidegger; homunculus; Hume; Husserl; James; Malebranche; Marcel; Mead; mind, history of the philosophy of; mind, problems of the philosophy of; no-ownership theory; origination; Ortega y Gasset; person; personal identity; Sartre; consciousness; control; self-deception; soul; subject; subjectivity; unconscious and subconscious mind
self, bundle theory of see bundle theory of self
self-consciousness consciousness; inner sense; introspec-tion; Sartre; self; unconscious and subconscious mind
self-control akrasia; self
self-deception self; lying; Sartre; unconscious and sub-conscious mind
self-defeating theories self-determination, political democracy; hegemony; im-perialism; international relations, philosophy of; nationalism; people; Polish philosophy; public and private; war, just
self-interest see egoism, psychological
self-knowledge
self-love see butler
self-regarding and other-regarding actions liberal-ism; liberty; Mill, John Stuart
sellars, r w
sellars, w
semantic ascent metalanguage semantics Brandom; Carnap; denotation and connota-tion; descripconnota-tion; formal semantics; Hintikka; lan-guage; language, history of the philosophy of; language, problems of the philosophy of; logically
Index and List of Entries 1049