Photoshop cs5 cho nhiếp ảnh gia part 24 pot

Here are some of the settings we find helpful in this section: Auto-Update Open Documents: Off this option causes Photoshop to automatically update files that are opened and modified in

once you’ve established the preferred options in Color Management settings, click oK to apply the settings You don’t need to restart Photoshop for the changes to

take effect

Preferences

in addition to the color settings, there is a large number of preference settings you

can establish within Photoshop as the name implies, many of these are a matter of

personal preference However, we do have recommendations for some of the settings

access the Preferences dialog box by choosing Edit > Preferences > General from the

menu (on a Mac, choose Photoshop > Preferences > General.)

Instead, we’ll focus on the settings we think are most important Elements users will find a sidebar (“For Elements Users: Setting Preferences”) with specifics for them at the end of this section, but there

is considerable overlap, and for full details they should read through this entire section

General Settings

the General page includes a variety of settings that affect your overall experience in

Photoshop, as you can see in Figure 4.2

Figure 4.2 The General section of the Preferences dialog box includes settings that affect your overall experience in Photoshop.

Here are the settings you should be concerned with:

Color Picker: Adobe Leave Color Picker set to the default of adobe rather than using the

Color Picker from the operating system

HUD Color Picker: Hue Strip Most photographers will rarely use the Hud Color Picker, but

when they do we suggest starting with the Hue strip We find it slightly easier than a color wheel to use accurately But if you find yourself using the Hud Color Picker, try both and see which style you prefer to access the Hud Color Picker, with an image open, select a brush tool or an Eyedropper tool next hold down Command+alt+Ctrl

on a PC and Control+option+F on a Mac while left-clicking and holding You can immediately change the hue and then the luminosity by continuing to hold the keys and dragging the cursor But to modify the hue after setting the luminosity you have

to be a bit dexterous because you’ll also need to use your thumb to hold down the spacebar while continuing to depress the other keys don’t release the cursor; just drag

it over to the hue you want as soon as you release the keys or the cursor, the Hud Color Picker disappears

Image Interpolation: Bicubic this is the best general option for interpolation, while other

settings are useful in specific situations We’ll address the details of interpolation in Chapter 10, “output.”

Options Check Boxes

the General page in the Preferences dialog box is dominated by a large number of check boxes that allow you to set a range of preferences Here are some of the settings

we find helpful in this section:

Auto-Update Open Documents: Off this option causes Photoshop to automatically update

files that are opened and modified in another application since this rarely pertains to nature photographers, we leave it unchecked

Beep When Done: Personal Preference turning on this setting causes Photoshop to beep when

a task is completed that way, you can turn your attention to other matters while wait-ing for a major task to complete, knowwait-ing you’ll be alerted when you’re ready to con-tinue We find it annoying to have machines beep at us and prefer to check to see when

a task is done We rarely have to wait long enough for it to be an issue

Dynamic Color Sliders: On When selecting a color in the Color panel, it can be helpful for

the sliders to change color as you adjust the color value so you can get a better sense of what color you’ll achieve by moving a slider in a particular direction We don’t use the Color panel very often, but we keep this setting enabled for situations where we put the panel to use

Export Clipboard: Off this setting determines whether anything copied to the clipboard in

Photoshop will be exported so other applications can use it We recommend turning off this feature to reduce the amount of memory being used

Use Shift Key for Tool Switch: On Each tool in Photoshop has a shortcut key associated with it,

allowing you to activate the tool quickly some tools have more than one tool associated

with the same shortcut By default, to switch among tools with the same shortcut key,

you need to add the shift key We recommend leaving this option set because

other-wise you can get some unexpected changes in tools when you press the shortcut key

Resize Image During Paste/Place: On When you are compositing images, this setting causes

components to be automatically resized to fit, which is often helpful if you don’t

com-posite images, you can leave this option unchecked

Animated Zoom: Personal Preference this determines whether zooming is animated it’s nice

to have but not essential, and it requires openGL drawing, which may not be

avail-able on some older computer systems

Zoom Resizes Windows: On this determines whether a document window will

automati-cally be resized as you zoom in or out in standard screen mode When this setting

is turned on, as you zoom out on an image, the document window becomes smaller

when the image no longer fills the screen; when you zoom in, the document window

enlarges until the image exceeds the space available on the screen this setting is a

matter of personal preference, but we find it helpful

Zoom with Scroll Wheel: On if you have a mouse with a scroll wheel, this setting can be

helpful it allows you to zoom in and out on your image by scrolling the wheel We

recommend turning this setting on

Zoom Clicked Point to Center: On When using the zoom tool, this option will center the

magnified version of your image around the point where you clicked that’s a real

time-saver

Enable Flick Panning: Personal Preference this option enables you to move within the

docu-ment by “flicking” the Hand tool (click, drag, and abruptly let go) after you give a

flick, the visible part of the image will continue to move and will drift to a halt if

you’re checking for dust in an image with very few dust spots, this can be a less tiring

way of navigating through the image Besides, the animation is fun! However, if you

don’t have openGL, turn it off

Place or Drag Raster Images as Smart Objects: Personal Preference Most photographers will rarely,

if ever, use this feature

Photo-shop not show some of the warnings while working, and then later you discover you’d prefer to have the safety cushion that some of these warnings provide

History Log

the History Log section provides settings that can help you figure out how you

per-formed a particular action on an image When you enable this setting, you can have

every step you perform on an image recorded in metadata so you can review the

mation later We generally prefer to leave this setting unchecked because there isn’t an easy way to remove the information later However, it can save the day if you apply a series of steps on your images and then want to know how to apply the same changes

on another image this option is particularly helpful, for example, when you’re apply-ing a series of filters to an image or experimentapply-ing with any creative technique

When you select the History Log check box, additional settings become avail-able if you’re going to use this option, we recommend setting the save Log items to option to Metadata so the information will always be saved with the image file We also recommend you set the Edit Log items option to detailed so the information you collect is actually useful the other options—sessions only and Concise—don’t record the actual settings you used although they are helpful for other fields, such as forensic work, they are not useful for most nature photographers

single file, which isn’t very efficient

if you use the History Log option, you can review the saved information (which accumulates only after you enable the setting) by selecting File > File info and clicking the History option in the left column (see Figure 4.3) alternatively, you can view the information by selecting Bridge > Metadata > Edit History Edit History will appear only if the History Log has been enabled

Figure 4.3 If you use the History Log feature, you can review everything that has been done

Interface

the options in the interface section of Preferences (Figure 4.4) relate to the

appear-ance of your workspace We’ll talk more about setting up your workspace later in this

chapter; however, you establish some of the basics here

Figure 4.4 We recommend configuring these options as shown here.

the first options are drop-down menus offering choices as to the background color for the interface We suggest using Gray since it’s easiest to make the most

accu-rate color and tonal adjustments against a gray background than against any other

color Black often looks dramatic, but it can mislead you about some of the contrast

and tonalities within the image For that reason we choose Black only for Full screen

mode, which we might use to showcase an image, but not for those modes we use

when we’re actively working on an image

For similar reasons, we turn off the options for a border although a line or drop shadow can enhance the final presentation of an image, it can be disconcerting

if you’re trying to create a drop shadow on your picture or when you’re making other

decisions about the edges of your image if you opt for a color other than black for

Full screen, you may want to use the drop shadow or line options for presentation

purposes

the following are our preferences for the other options in this section

Show Channels in Color: Off We prefer to view the individual channels in grayscale so we

can easily assess what detail information is contributed by each channel, so we leave

this option off turning this on causes the channels viewed through the Channels

panel to be displayed in their actual colors (red for the Red channel, for example),

rather than as grayscale images although this sounds like a good idea in terms of being able to interpret the color values for each channel, it actually becomes a chal-lenge, because each of the component colors has a different perceived tonality, making comparison (and even viewing at times) difficult

Show Menu Colors: Personal Preference this option is useful if you are new to Photoshop and

use some of the preset workspaces that make certain menu items more obvious We rarely take advantage of these features

Show Tool Tips: On We recommend turning on this option so that as you hover the cursor

over an icon in the workspace, a brief explanation of the function associated with that icon appears

Enable Gestures: Personal Preference if you’re using a multitouch track pad and find that

you are inadvertently rotating your images, you’ll want to turn this preference off it can make many users crazy (Ellen is one of them), but some people do like to use the gesture controls in Photoshop

Auto-Collapse Iconic Panels: Off although it can be handy to save space on your monitor by

collapsing the panels, when we expand a panel, such as the Layers panel, we prefer it

to stay open

Auto-Show Hidden Panels: Personal Preference When this option is checked, panels that are

hidden are temporarily visible as the cursor rolls over them We don’t often use hidden panels, so we don’t often use this feature

Open Documents as Tabs: Personal Preference Checking this option causes new documents

to open as tabs in the window rather than as individual floating windows We have become accustomed to using the tab view for most of our work, but if you prefer float-ing windows, leave it unchecked

Enable Floating Document Window Docking: Personal Preference Checking this option makes it

possible to dock a window into the tab by dragging it this can be convenient, but we’ve found it’s quite easy to accidentally dock images when you’re trying to move them on the monitor We prefer to leave this option unchecked then if we want to dock the floating window we right-click/hold down the Ctrl key while dragging

UI Font Size: Medium or Large this setting provides relief from the tiny text size that results

from running our monitors at extremely high resolutions You’ll find it very helpful from

a readability standpoint to set this to Medium or Large note that this setting does not take effect until you restart Photoshop

File Handling Settings

When you’re finished with the General settings in the Preferences dialog box, click next to continue to the File Handling section, shown in Figure 4.5 this section con-tains options related primarily to how files are saved

Figure 4.5 The File Handling section of the Preferences dialog box contains settings that affect how files are opened and saved.

two topics appear under File saving options:

Image Previews: Always Save the image Previews setting determines whether a small

pre-view thumbnail will be stored as part of the image file We leave this setting on always

save and check the option to save an icon for use in the Finder We don’t feel that it’s

worth the extra memory space to store a full-size preview, but an icon is useful

Append File Extension: Always the File Extension drop-down enables Photoshop to

auto-matically append the filename with the correct extension in addition, you can choose

between uppercase and lowercase file extensions this is not a significant concern

because either will work fine with current software

several options appear under File Compatibility in addition to a link to the Camera Raw Preferences (which we cover in Chapter 3, “adobe Camera Raw”)

Prefer Adobe Camera Raw for Supported Raw Files: On this option causes all supported raw files

to be opened in the aCR interface We recommend using this option because we think

aCR does an excellent job with most raw files However, if you are using other raw

conversion software (including Lightroom, your camera manufacturer’s proprietary

software, or other third-party software), you should leave this box unchecked

Ignore EXIF Profile Tag: Off Unless Necessary We recommend you leave this option off unless

you’re encountering problems with the color space embedded in your captures this

option shouldn’t be an issue for most photographers if activated, it causes Photoshop

to ignore the embedded color space in your digital captures it’s an issue only for

images that have problems caused by their embedded profile, which is rare

Ask Before Saving Layered TIFF Files: Personal Preference this setting controls the display of the

tiFF options dialog box this option is based on your particular workflow if you usually save tiFF files flattened (saving the master file with layers as a Psd instead), leave this option turned on to be reminded if you’re starting to save a tiFF file with layers We tend to save tiFF files with layers (or flatten them manually), so we turn off this option to avoid the extra click on the oK button in the dialog box

Maximize PSD and PSB File Compatibility: Personal Preference this option essentially controls

whether a full-resolution composite image will be saved as part of the image file in Photoshop’s native formats the primary reason to enable this feature is to ensure that you’re able to open the image as you intended it to appear with other versions

of Photoshop—even if the algorithms determining how adjustments are applied get changed—or to enable applications that aren’t able to build a thumbnail or preview from the layered file to utilize the full-resolution composite instead it also provides

a solution for situations where you have created a Psd file in a recent version of Pho-toshop and are sending that file to someone using an older version that doesn’t sup-port all the latest features the disadvantage to using this setting is that file sizes are increased considerably (potentially doubled) when this option is used

You’ll see one check box under adobe drive:

Enable Adobe Drive: Off Unless Necessary adobe drive is used to connect to Version Cue Cs5

servers

the final option in the File Handling settings deals with the Recent File list:

Recent File List Contains: 10 Files this option allows you to specify how many files should

be listed on the open Recent list found on the File menu We find the default of 10 is usually adequate

Performance

the Performance section of Preferences controls some of the behind-the-scenes issues that help Photoshop run smoothly and quickly there are four sections in this part of Preferences: Memory usage, scratch disks, History & Cache, and GPu settings, as shown in Figure 4.6

Memory Usage the Memory usage setting is quite important for overall system

perfor-mance as you have no doubt figured out, Photoshop wants to have access to as much memory as possible the Memory usage setting determines how much memory Photo-shop reserves for its use although you would generally expect to benefit from setting this to the maximum value, that can lead to problems Very high settings can lead to stability issues, and on many computers, setting the value to 100% can even prevent Photoshop from loading

Figure 4.6 The Performance dialog box enables you to control computer memory–related options.

Photoshop assesses the amount of RaM that’s available on your computer after the

operating system and other programs stake out their portion, and then it suggests an

ideal range for how much to allocate to it We recommend setting the value at the high

end of the recommended range to provide as much memory to Photoshop as possible

without running the risk of system-stability problems

realisti-cally, more—lots more With CS5 supporting 64 bit, Photoshop can take advantage of increased RAM

in your computer, so we recommend at least 8GB RAM Although Photoshop can operate with less, you’ll find yourself spending time waiting for things to process

Scratch Disks in the scratch disks section of the Preferences dialog box, it’s important

to establish appropriate settings to ensure optimal performance for Photoshop

When-ever Photoshop doesn’t have adequate memory to perform a task, it depends on

hard-drive space to simulate additional memory; the hard-hard-drive space used is referred to as

a scratch disk (think of it as providing a scratch sheet of paper for Photoshop to use

for figuring out complicated problems.)

When Photoshop must resort to scratch-disk space, you want to make sure it’s

work-ing optimally if you have more than one internal or external fast hard drive, you can

specify the order in which Photoshop tries to use each drive For the best performance

adobe recommends that the scratch disk not be the disk that your operating system boots up from, but if that’s the one that has the most free space, then you’ll need to choose it anyway

if you have more than two drives installed, you can also establish settings for the third and fourth, keeping in mind that you want to set these in order of optimal per-formance, with the fastest drive first and the drive used by the operating system listed last double-check the speeds of any external drives, as many offer much slower per-formance than internal drives, so they either should not be used for this purpose or should be last in the order

if you have a drive separated into multiple partitions, you won’t achieve a benefit by making these changes You achieve the benefit by using a separate physical drive for the scratch-disk usage

History & Cache the three buttons tall and thin, default, and Big and Flat—despite

sounding like they belong in some weird personal preferences (perhaps adobe engi-neers’ humor?)—actually give you options for how to structure the cache most effi-ciently for the types of documents you create We leave ours set to default because

although we use layers, we don’t often create dozens of layers, so we don’t want tall

and thin default seems to provide the best balance for our workflow if you work with extremely large files that have only a few layers, you may find that Big and Flat offers slightly better performance

History States: 40 to 60 this determines how many steps you’ll be able to undo in

the History panel in other words, if you’ve made a mistake, how many indi-vidual steps can you undo in order to get back to the point where you actually made the mistake? the default setting of 20 is relatively low, especially for cer-tain tasks, such as image cleanup with the Clone stamp tool However, setting the value too high consumes a relatively large amount of memory when you are doing a lot of work on your images therefore, we recommend that you strike

a compromise, using a value of 40 to 60 this is usually adequate for being able to go back and correct a mistake, even if it takes some time to realize what you’ve done, while not consuming a huge amount of memory

Cache Levels: 4 the Cache Levels setting determines how many zoom settings are

stored in memory for your image so the image and histogram can be drawn more quickly when zooming in and out on your image or performing adjust-ments the performance difference here is minimal, so we generally leave the setting at the default value, which is 4

Cache Tile Size: 1024K this refers to the amount of data Photoshop can store or

process at once adobe recommends choosing larger tile sizes for documents with larger pixel sizes and not many layers, and smaller tile sizes for files with smaller pixels and lots of layers

GPU Settings We check the option to Enable openGL drawing if you click the

advanced settings button, you may have the option to choose various modes for the

GL settings, depending on the type of graphics card you have