Tiếng Trung - Giáo trình Tiếng Trung HSK 1 - Song ngữ tiếng Việt

Tiếng Trung - Giáo trình Tiếng Trung HSK 1 - Song ngữ tiếng Việt Tiếng Trung - Giáo trình Tiếng Trung HSK 1 - Song ngữ tiếng Việt Tiếng Trung - Giáo trình Tiếng Trung HSK 1 - Song ngữ tiếng Việt Tiếng Trung - Giáo trình Tiếng Trung HSK 1 - Song ngữ tiếng Việt Tiếng Trung - Giáo trình Tiếng Trung HSK 1 - Song ngữ tiếng Việt

drcrdpcni l,ruin

NhAn Tri ViQt

Chri biOn: Khuong 14 Binh

Bi0n soan: Vuong Phuong

Vuong Phong

Luu LQ Binh

BAn dich tidng Vi0t:

Tidn si Nguy€n Thi Minh H6ng

Gi6ng vi0n trLidng Dai hoc Srr phqm Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh

NhAn Tri Vi6t

Cht bi6n: Khuong LQ Binh

Bi6n soan: Vuong Phuong

Vuong Phong

Luu LQ Binh

B6n dich iidng ViQi:

Tidn si Nguy€n Thf Minh Hdng

Giring viOn trrrdng Dai hoc Srr pham Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh

SACH TA BAN

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Nhh xudt bin Dai hoc Ng6n ng3 Bdc Kinh git bin quydn b3n tidng Trung Qu6c @ 2015-2022'

C6ng ty TNHH Nhan Tri Viet grt bln quy6n b6n dich tidng ViCt O 2023.

.A, bin n:,y drroc xudt bin tai Mdt Nam, theo hop d6ng chuydn nhrtong bln quvdn girra Nhi xudt bln

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trtl\t,

Trong tidng Trung Qudc, ngoii bdn thanh co bin cdn c6 m6r rhanh duoc phdt im

vita ngin vla nhe, thanh d6 drroc goi l) thanh nhe Vi dr]:,

jrddn

yeye

++

Dgc to cdc im tidt sau, chri f c6ch phit am thanh nhe

xionsheng p6ngyou wdnshong pidoliong

EI ]}f*ilrlU ( 1 ) | +ati,E)*f[*'5 C6c quy t6c gh6p Am (1): c6ch shi ddu

thaah di6u vi c6ch vidt gi6n lrroc

( 1 ) +z-'iEi* Cdch ghi ddu thanh ttiQu

tylB ++ E frtrfiH U' nt f 'iturB+& I + - f fr,E6'A ffi +4 A ffi f

U t TrE+qE{, il*l €t6i+A+ tr trfr t B!/lh-E ? &.t rFletr,ii f,! i

Eut #FEfi^tEFn"

Trong phi€n im cria tidng Trung Qudc, ddu thanh dieu phii drroc ghi tr€n nguy€n

im Ndu v6.n miu c6 hai nguydn im hoic nhidu hon, ddu thanh di6u duoc ghi trdn

nguy€n im ddi h6i phei md mi€ng r6ng hon khi phrt Xm TrXt tu cria cdc nguy€n im

chri ydu khi ghi ddu thanh dicu li o, o, e, i, u, u; nhrrng iu li trudng hop ngoai l€ - iu

ll hinh thfc giin lLroc cLia iou, ddu thanh di€u drroc ghl tr€n u Cdc im tidt mang rhanh

nhe khong co dri'u thanh dieu

Doc to cdc lm ti€t sau, chd f vi tri cua c{c ddu thanh diqu

(2) h^q cdch vidt gien luoc

iou uei uen BtElrlFqA!Et'f!+, 5rt, iu ui, un" 'ff!!n niu gui lun"

Khi thanh miu drroc th€m vio tnrdc iou, uei, uen thi clc vin miu nly duoc vi€t

giin luo.c thinh: iu, ui, un Vi du: niu, gui, lun

Hii*TrUgfi', EHgge€5B!ffii| & oz-s

Dgc to dc lm tidt sau, chn f cAc vfn mlu da dr.rgrc viCt giin luqc

shu) jido6nggu)

nu er gdngsi

Nghia gdc cia 11 li, miAng Chrl niy c6 hinh dang gidng cli mi€ng md to ra.

k6u

I-U -U *t?

Q)"n , +Wl:ilft "H", TilE "A" , e.:EE "E+EHRHEE"

"Phdn phia tr€n cia ch{l lLlit, E (con mdt), phdn phia drr6i li )t (nevot) Chri n}Ly

cri nghia Ia mo to mat nhm'

Y6u wdnti mo?

Hiy md sich ra.

Hay doc to le n.

Hiy doc lai lin nta

Hiy cing doc nio

icJ 1E

(3) "dr" , +Ml ful B\tltl*, a*EE "ilriltf"

"

IJI c6 nghia lit ntii Chtr n)y cd hinh dang gidng dinh nrii nhdp nho

shon

NM * 0 * t! -* J-t

(a) "zh" , +\Yrt rfr1Hh.a4t'tD, ilEHE5 "t" +EXf

zJ c6 hinh dang gidng nhong hat cit nh6 Ngly nay nd mang ngLna lb' nho, trii nghia

va k(lon).

xtoo

flr*rlr-/lt -'J'

(s) "4" , tr*tzi-ffit'R' {AEffitL E!li-'], *zi6E.

6 ldc tliu chi m6t loai c6ng cu, ngiy nay nd trd thinh tr) c6 chfc nlng ngt phdp li

ph6 tii, mang nghia phri dtnh khdng

bn

! c f

-c

.C F

.q (9

o

.9

_z C _c

3 3

\25

i*i A#e d tnrdnE S

NI jido sh6nme mingzi?

A: I,Nv4 t+A A+?

A: C6 li c6 gi6o phil khOng?

B: Khong phii, t6i li hoc sinh

L FEI'l'ftiE "{tZ' Dai iilnghi vdntlt4

Et Fl,ft iA " ff /a" *l< Eftl,l, HEBt lE A +,IH+*,f&triE, q# 5 fr +*

A ir1'l+lXh -fr l&RR " btlls,

Dai tir nghi

"dn llA duo.c dtng trong ciu nghi vdn, c6 thd dritrg m6t minh lim tin ngrl hoic kdt hop v6i thlnh phin theo sau lhm tin ngrl (th)nh phin theo sau phii

cd tinh chdt nhrr danh tif V du:

(2) ia (zhe, ddy) ftt+A?

(3) is (zhe, aay) LttA# Ghn, stich)1

RTIt/a" ^HAEtri\EE "E" itfii6EErji-,1 "r" " ffi]ln

Ciu c6 tr) E l) cau ph6n doin, drroc dirng dd chi ngr.rdi hay s+ vit ngang bing vdilthu6c vd cdi gi Dd c6 dang phi dinh, ta thcm ph6 tt phri dinh 6 vio trudc S Vi du:

il,H "ug" ElFEl.lA cauh6ic6trlrB

Bt lE Er iA " Fg " tzr5t l4iE-1, ffi E ffi E 6J 6J RM E\ht l"J H lr'J |lE[+ l) trd tt nghi vdn, duoc thcm viLo cudi ciu trdn thuit dd tao ciu hdi Vi du:

+tfr

4, rr|frc,EEi*ixx

tsii tep D6ng vai cdc nhAn vQt trong bdi hoc vi tloc to c6c cAu ddi thoai.,

L+Rr,E*[ir,'lE)r.E6F]fl rri ldi cau h6i

O 4h"4t+'aA S? Ni jiao sh6nme mingzi?

O l,f k+ E/.'4? Ni shi Zhonssud ren mo?

t,l.

";;

t,1.

? 7 1

28

il ffi 4\iR*f # E! iEEH fn iEl iE+ffi id tr A

St dung trl ngrl trong bdi dd m6 ti hinh inh bdn drrdi

1t

/A

To jido Y6o Ming ,

4& ,'i 4B nlJ (Plcu traintr),

Srr kh6c bi6t trong c6ch phdt Am: thanh miu j, q, x vd z, c, s

j q xEfrmB, Ei qBffiHE5rE,qg&fiH, iit€.'EfJlBlF-r.ifrll*

++-*rEW"

j, q vir x lir im mit ludi Khi ph:it im j vir q, mlt lrrdl phil tidp xric v6i ngqc (vdmmi6ng) ctng nhlrng vdi j thi khong c6 ludng hoi manh tholt ra cdn v6i q thi cd ludnghoi manh thoit ra Khi phdt am x, mi.t ludi nim gdn nhung khOng tidp xdc vdi ngac

cdng, nghia lir giiia mlt lrrdi vir ngac crlng c6 khe hd

ttr)E#ffE 1Gido trinh chudn HSK 1

nf+B+,?Ri*, it.e.*FEEB6ltdEtJ &_ os-,

Nghe vi luy€n doc theo phin ghi am, chri f su khlc bi6t tror.rg cich phdt irn gita cic thanh miu.

xi[rxi jiji jiq)

z, c v) s li am diu ludi Khi phdt im z v) c, phin diu luat tidp xric v6i mit trong

cia ring cria him tr€n rdi lip tric md ra tao thirnh khe h3, nhung v<ii z thi kh6ng cd

ludng hoi manh thodt ra cdn v<ii c thi cd ludng hoi rd r)ng thodt ra Khi phdt im s,

phin diu lrrS'i hoin toin kh6ng ti€p xtic vdi mlt trong cda ring c*a him rr€n, gifa

chring c6 khe hd dd luting hoi thodt ra.

zcs

Nghe vi luy€n doc theo phdn ghi am, chd y' su khric bi6t trong cich phit im

girla cdc thanh miu.

xi zdo ddsdo son c) z)jizu6tion zdoshong cdochdng Hdnzl

il Ag#+tfr, "u!Ei u u Srrkhdcbi6ttrongcdchph6tAm:vAnmAui, u, U

i ffl ii EEB,frEtElE Wtrfrr'tx6aarsffi'+*5+, tr-iltwtrillrrAxa

+EIHtr trE*f,Iiq' t]I EIH U

Khi phdt im i vi i.j, mdi c6 hinh dang khic nhau di hai vin miu nhy c6 vi tri ph{t

im gidng nhau i duoc phdt Xm vdi m6i det (kh6ng trdn), cdn vdi U rhi ban ph:ii lim

trdn m6i Khi luy€n phdt im, ban c6 thd phit im i trudc vh git nguy€n vi tri phdt am,sau d6 l)m trdn m6i tld phdt am i.i.

u fr u aFEtrtr*, {EEEBE{ n *1frlnatti, fr++ft4}TffiH, 5 u 6!

E fiE.ffi , fr +7F6afilTff HltfiA, E*48,nf+tr \via?,,B-xt

"

u vi ij ddu li im trdn m6i, nhr.mg khi phrt im U, lu6i duoc dit d phia trudc diu

h-t6i ip chlt v)o mit trong cria ring drrrii; cdn khi phdr im u, lLrdi drro5 dlt d phia sau,

diu ludi khong ti€p xLic v6i mer trong cua ring drrdi (dd phit im ddng, ban phii cd thut

lu6'i vd phia sau).

T khong thay ddi thanh dicu khi dring tnrdc im tidt mang thanh 1, 2 hay 3.

bir chi bi xing bu hdo bu he br) n6ng bir xidng

khdng an klzbng dxoc kh6ng t1i khong ulitg khlng thi' khdng muAlt

EI +fE*I',U] ( 2 ) : +"EgE ri fr u it*HliFlBER j q x+H1f 65*[,,1r]

C6c quy tdc ghdp dm (2): quy tdc gh6p Am cia vAn mdu tlon U vi cdc vAn miu bit

ddu bing ii vrii j, q, x

qu.xu; ,fEEERFEL nfEf*H!fltlF, lJlff,9-trfrlu nu.

- Khi U v) vin miu bit tldu bing ii drroc ghdp v6i thanh miu j, q, x thi hai ddu

chdm phia tr€n cria tj drroc lrroc b6 (u, qu, xu), khi duoc gh6p v6i thanh miu l, n thi

hai ddu chdm d6 drro c giii nguyen (lti, nii)

ry+B-+sRi*, ii.e.* u E!0f55*[ EE &- os-t

Nghe vir luy€n doc theo phdn gh am, chri y' cdch ghip im vir cdch phdt im cia il.

ii iie iion un

ju jue juon jun

qu que quon qun

xu xue xuon xun

I

C

J

'tr F ,li

1 &$/A hengzh6gou

fl yue mdt trdng

,, Wl/A wdg6u

i6 nin (lich srr) rizg, rir)

Chep rhanh rung cdp ru gioi rhieu ve ban Lhin.

W6 jido Li Yue, wd shi Zhonggud r6n, w6 shi l6oshI

'fi,ltrp, a, r\ ,{ + A, d€ f tr L, *"k*lf

W6 jido Ddwdi , w6 sh) M6igu6 r6n, wd sh) xu6sheng

El t|t|fffrAfi Hoat tldng nh6m

3 - 4 )\- rE, Hin iEE+Hif, lE tr + fi A+8, €?E )6.'fn E ++Rfr f 5 n.

Lip nhdm tr) 3 ddn 4 ngr-rdi, h6i ten vi quoc tich cria nhau bing tidng Trung

Qudc, sau d6 ct m6t dai di€n trinh b)y cric th6ng tin nay

@

nnh-ic4t,Hdnyi ldoshi

To shl w6 de Hdnyi doshr, to lido Li Yue.

B: *&-{.* *liLi**lf , -\b,,i + n.

3 *1 de tro drroc dtng sau djnh ngLi

4 iLi* Hdny[ dt tibhg Truns Qu6lt

B: T6i llL ngudi M|, cdn c6?

A: TOi lir nguoi Trung Queic.

Tl mdi

sdB 6.8

IE

E

tx

B!.'5

,m

V_

=

-cL,,g

a

.g tr

{

i35

il FEIE'ftia "iE" "ffi' Dai trI nghi vdn ifi vd nI[

E€l{'ftid ",E fthtFJfl+H*iEhl,,\" &tlfi'

Dai tr) nghi vdn ifi drrgc ding trong cau h6t dd y€u ciu cho bidt thong tin vd

ngudi niro d6 Vi du:

chri ng0'

+n?

;da

ffi)E&fE 1GiSo trinh chudn HSK 1

4A

Biitip

ErrE4tia "wp tll6"";tt!tB+ a\fi+?trfrh WF+Ftf,tAi;,1+ lf\tu

Dai tri nghi vdn lE[ duoc ding trong ciu h6i theo cdu tnic: B[ + luong n]/danh tii +

danh tt Vi du:

( I ) E A (b6n, lLrong tri dirng cho slch) S (shu , sdcft)?

( 2 ) E5^ (gd, Irrong tri chung) A?

thd duoc lrroc b6 Vi du:

( 1) +B f,-#,*fr+lf

(z) ir (zhd, aai F-s'iltfr (shii, slci).

( 3 ) "ft,1r€?i"Fl + +LaJ]ifrjl k "

il FEtiIEiiA "rE" ( 1 ) Tro til nghi vdn EE (1)

ffi l{ llr iA " W HE A r44'it i-"1,6 tA fr Bt 14 ts, E T itu I{ t IE5! H! tE

78" HHE!trrtE, A "'." Bryz? ffil\B,

Tro rtr nghi vin rE drroc dirng sau danh tr) hay.dai ttr dd <lar cau hdi nhim y€u ciucho bidt thong tin vd m6t ddi trrong - th6ng tin niy di du.c dd cxp trong cAu trutic dd

Miu ciu thudng gip l)r: "A " B E?" (A B thi sao?) V du:

(1) +,,Tx+tf , *,*_+L" 1k%?

(2) )*,'4+n " 4&,%?

(3 ) A€+tr,t" tk'fL7

T tjffifr.P.1i*ixx

D6ng vai c6c nhAn v4t trong bii hoc vi tloc to c6c cdu d0'i thoei

O'l,tA4F ElL? Ni shi nd gu6 r6n?

O ltr"it AA+? Ni jido shenme mingzi?

A 4kfr1)Li++ rf €4Ts EL? Ni de Hdnvir ldoshi shl nd su6 r6n?

A th e!J'&i*Z tf '4 It A,Z + ? Ni de HdnyU ldoshi jido sh6nme minszi?

36

EI E AiR+.f + E! iEEH fi iA iE+Hd K,h'

Sft dung til ngrl trong bii dd m6 t6 hinh Anh b6n dudi

zh ffiqE'5Er,,{B!5ifiryilJ, ffiE ch Etryfi E!ftffi1894 E sh E{, 'E 4ri6E

56EneEfiH, 4thql{l+-*4€Hl 5 sh 6 lE tr fr r ElFffiry.ffi.-dr

"

zh, ch, sh, r l) c6c Am udn lu6i, drroc phdt am vdi su phdi hqp giiia ddu ludi (iluo_ c

udn cong) vi phdn trudc cria ngac crlng Khi phrit im zh vi ch, ddu ludi tidp xric vriingac ctng tru6c rdi md ra khe hri, nhmg vdi zh thi khOng c6 luiing hoi manh thoit racdn vdi ch thi ludng hoi drroc ddy ra rdt manh Khi phdt am sh, ddu lrrdi khOng tidp xdc

v6i ngac crtng, giiia chLing cd khe hd Khdc v6i sh, khi ph6t im r, diy thanh s€ rung l6n :r

.q

a 3

t

to sh) w6men de+b&

^lt1

64r

t

i'

trE&{E 1

GiSo trinh chudn HSK 1

sf+*#EEiE, i+HFqEBE!tr5U & oz-a

Nghe vi luy€n doc theo phdn ghi am, chf f sg kh:ic bigt trong cdch ph;it im

gifra cdc thanh miu.

zhishi chrishi rdnshi chdngshi

r6nshdo rdnoosh6ushi shongchdng

shengr)shishich0 choi

chooshi

shdng ch6

choo16n

Ch6ngch6ngchong zhi

L eE*j/+t[' EtFEglE n frtrBE"e5& ng

Sq kh6c biOt trong cdch phdt Am: vAn m6u Am mfri trudc n vd v{n miu Ammrii sau ng

EETFE n t"l Bf61t41ft.ittfffiR, frifr.trHc" ns tal Ef , fr* Eo,Ei:t'

4Hfu, Affi.fufiWffi, t*,It*kIP-; EntnlEftTfffExf , ,'nfrzl., niili

ffiftB#fRi*, EHEfrtr+SHf&EBEiErlJ & o+-'s

Nghe vI iuyQn dgc theo phdn ghi am, chf i s$ khric bi6t trong crich phdt Am

girla vln miu lm mfii trudc vI vin miu lm mti sau.

JO

onion

Ef "-" hlqilEl Srr bidn ddi thanh rli6u cira - (yi) €- or,u

El+fFfi.fll( 3 ) : y wE!E)I

C6c quy tdc gh6p Am (3): c6ch ch)ng y vd w

D.l i u ii +*HlHtrff+EtEiSAF&, ft++q\tffiW{frHv4w, E

,f4'lH/iunT,

Ndu am b{t tliu bing i, u hoic i.i (kh6ng c6 thanh miu) thi khi vidt phien am, ta

phii st dung y hoic w HIy xem bing sau:

ElE v6n m5u 5;t Lach vret

i, in, ing yi.yin.ying Bit diu bing i io, ie ioo ion iong iong yo.ye.yoo,yqn,yong, yong