16 sensesk 2 properties of senses complete inv pack

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Credits: © iStockphoto.com/kali9

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Each Investigation Pack includes everything you need for this activity The

investigation begins with the Key Question—the guiding question that

students will address during their reading It challenges students to identify

texts, as well as from their discussions, to answer the Key Question

ACTIVITY OVERVIEW

group reads at least

and collects evidence

Key Question

with the other files they read, and why or why not

exciting new science adventure They will dig deeper into science content, apply scientific practices, and develop skills in the language arts

high-interest, in-depth science content In each investigation, students will

critical thinking, and creativity

ABOUT THE

RESOURCE

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INVESTIGATION PACK TEACHER’S GUIDE

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color, but this is not essential They may be printed single-sided, in black and white, or even projected or viewed on screen as needed

is written at a lower reading level, two or more are at a middle level, and one is at a higher level These levels are represented by small dots to indicate a lower (•), middle (••), or higher (•••) reading level Assign the appropriate file to each student within a group, or pair an emerging reader with a capable reader and ask them to read the same file

¢ The I.File Response Sheet asks the Key Question and provides space for prior knowledge While reading, students will record key vocabulary and evidence from the text they read Then they will compare notes with their teammates to write their answer to the Key Question on this sheet

¢ The Mystery File may or may not share all of the key details of the

I.Files Each Mystery File includes a Mystery File Question to help students decide whether the subject does or does not belong grouped

their decision using evidence from the text

¢ The I.Files Teaching Tips are specific to the topics in the pack They include answers

common misconceptions, key vocabulary terms, solutions to Math Moments, and extensions and variations related to the files

Each Investigation Pack includes the following:

informational text covering a specific high-interest topic related to a Science A–Z unit Students will interpret photographs, illustrations,

maps, and graphs Certain embedded details are common to all the

files and are integral to answering the Key Question

Contents of Each Investigation Pack

I.File

Reading Levels

File

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We recommend using the Investigation Packs in one of two ways

of the unit it accompanies This activity is meant to complement the other unit materials while providing students with deeper scientific content Before using the Investigation Pack, you might have students

can be used at the beginning of the unit in order to spark interest in the subject matter

reading activity before or after introducing other unit materials

matter of the Investigation Pack

Make sure students understand what the question is asking

the answer is in the My First Answer section, based on their prior knowledge Now is a good time to review unfamiliar vocabulary

Grouping Alternatives

Have students work in Investigation Teams (or “I.Teams”) of four to six

convene to discuss the pack of files If using smaller groups, consider one of these approaches:

pairs meet to discuss all the files in the pack

files together

Group Roles

Consider assigning group roles to students, particularly a recorder and a discussion leader Other roles might include a materials collector,

a timekeeper, a reporter, and a fact checker

reading, students should record key vocabulary terms in the My Key Words and Definitions chart and attempt to define them in their own words using context clues Provide dictionaries to help students define the words

In the My Evidence section, instruct students to record details from their

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can be copied directly from the left-hand I.Team Evidence section of the

I.File Response Sheet Then have them circle whether each detail is or is not

details in order for the answer to the Mystery File Question to be yes.

Invite groups to share their answers to the Key Question and the Mystery File Question

If groups disagree, encourage scientific

evidence If groups didn’t find all the key

share with them the ones they missed

students come away with the correct answers to the Key Question and the Mystery File Question Address any misconceptions that may have influenced

Now have students come together as a group and report on what they have learned They should collaboratively fill out the group section

for details that are definitely true of all the files as well as space for details that only might be true By analyzing which details are found in all the

files, students will engage in scientific argument in order to come to an agreement on the answer to the Key Question Invite groups to share their findings so the whole class can come to a consensus Refer to the

I.Files Teaching Tips to guide the discussion

Students each read

one different I.File Group discussesall the I.Files Class discusses answerto Key Question

AFTER THE

ACTIVITY

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Consider these ideas to extend the usefulness of any Investigation Pack Also

and variations specific to that Investigation Pack.

file Back in class, have students discuss the answers to the Key

Allow students to read the rest of the files from the pack to learn more about each topic

the text:

1 Provide vocabulary support by using a word wall

2 Review pronunciations with students before beginning the activity

3 Introduce any science words that have cognates in a student’s

native language

4 Pair an English Language Learner with a fluent reader of English

5 Allow students to define vocabulary terms in nonlinguistic fashion

(drawings)

can create their own version of a picture or diagram from their

I.File or draw a new one based on facts from their reading

present their findings to the class using digital presentation software

details to include it with the others Students may also add images, maps, graphs, math problems, and interesting sidebars

EXTENSIONS

AND VARIATIONS

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Key Question

What is the same about all senses?

My First Answer

My Key Words and Definitions

answer to the Key Question using the My First Answer section After students read an I.File, ask them to list five words

that are important for understanding the topic Then have them define each term in their own words.

Name _ Date Others on my I.Team

Title of I.File _

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I.FILE RESPONSE SHEET

My Evidence

_ _

Name Date _

Senses—Properties of Senses

I.Files Only some of these details will help them answer the Key Question Next, have each group complete the I.Team

These details will be used to answer the Key Question In the table on the right, students can list details that might be true

of all the I.Files, but they would need to learn more to know for sure Students should not use these details to answer the

Key Question Finally, have students provide the I.Team Answer in complete sentences, using separate paper if necessary.

Details that might be true

of all the I.Files

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a call? You hear the phone ring!

Your ears pick up sounds from all around you They help you gather information about the world

It’s not just your ears that help you hear

Inside your ear are nerves Nerves are

like little wires that send signals to your brain Your brain makes meaning of the signals It hears the ring and tells you to answer the phone.

Have You Heard?

Your ears stick

out from your

head to gather

sounds better

Many parts inside your ear work together to help you hear

INSIDE YOUR EAR

cochlea

middle ear bones

nerves

ear canal

How does that change the way you hear?

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Credits: background: © Javarman Javarman/123RF; top: © iStock/NightOwl Photography; bottom left: © Buddymays/Dreamstime.com; bottom right: © Kobchai Matasurawit/123RF

Senses } Properties of Senses } Hearing

Huge ears help an elephant hear sounds But giant ears are not the only body parts that help an elephant hear.

Elephants make very low sounds These sounds travel through the air and through the ground

Elephants hear sounds from the air with their ears

They pick up sounds from the ground with their feet Then their brains make sense of the information

Do snakes have ears? Yes, but you cannot see them Their ears are inside their heads

A snake’s body picks up sounds from the air

Snakes can also “hear” the ground moving The bones in their jaws carry the sounds to their ears

Listening helps snakes find food.

What Did You s ssssay?

each ear These

muscles help turn

the ears toward

a sound.

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Credits: © iStock/Kali Nine LLC

what body parts do you use? Your eyes! They gather information about the world around you.

You need light to see Light reflects,

or bounces off, objects around you Then some of it goes into your eyes

through small holes called pupils Next, the light travels through a lens inside each eye Then nerves in the back

of your eyes send signals to your brain It makes meaning of the signals and forms a

picture you can see.

The parts of your eye work together

to help you see

How have your eyes

helped you today?

Awesome Eyes

INSIDE AN EYE

lens

iris light

nerves pupil

Sight

Most people blink their eyes about 15 times a minute Blinking keeps the eyes wet and clean.

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Credits: left: © Maximilian Weinzierl/Alamy; right: © Robert Hainer/123RF

Senses } Properties of Senses } Sight

Cats can see six times better at night

than you can! But cats cannot see in total

darkness They need some light to see.

Cats’ pupils open very wide to let light in

Special cells in the back of their eyes work

like mirrors They bounce light around in

each eye The cells help cats’ eyes collect

more light than human eyes do.

Have you ever seen a cat’s

eyes shine? You’re seeing

the mirror cells at work!

If your eyes were as big as a dragonfly’s eyes compared to your body, they would each be about the size of a soccer ball!

dragonfly eyes

A dragonfly has two eyes that take up most of its head

But each of its large eyes has thousands of lenses! So a dragonfly can see thousands

of images at once.

Having so many lenses helps the dragonfly notice even small movements That helps them find food and stay away from danger.

Why do you think cats need to see well

at night? What other animals might have good night vision?

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nose says you do It is the body part that helps you pick up smells.

Very small pieces from the cookies are

in the air Small pieces go into your nose when you breathe.

Special places in your nose send signals

to your brain Your brain tells you what

you smell You smell cookies Yum!

Your nose helps you smell Your brain helps, too

Would cookies taste

as good if you could not smell them?

Small pieces of a flower get into the air.

Your nose sends a signal to your brain.

Your brain tells you what you smell.

Your Nose Knows

Your SENSE oF SMELL1

2

3

Smell

Stinky smells can help you

They tell you if food has gone bad Do not eat food that smells rotten.

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Credits: background: © iStock/Zastavkin; left: © Flip Nicklin/Minden Pictures; center: © M Watson/ardea.com; right: © iStock/Chris Dascher

Senses } Properties of Senses } Smell

Polar bears live where it

is very cold There is not

a lot of food to eat But

the bears have great

noses They use smells

to find food

Polar bears can smell

food from far away

They can even smell

a seal hiding under ice.

Sharks hunt in the sea The water is dark It is often too dark to see So sharks use their noses to find food

Smells tell sharks what is in the world around them Is the food to the right

or left? Watch out, little fish!

Super

Polar bears stand

up on their back legs They sniff the air for nearby food

A shark’s nose is called a snout.

Would you like to be able to smell as well as a polar bear or shark? What might be good or bad about it?

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you will see lots of tiny bumps

Taste buds are bumps on your tongue.

These body parts help you taste food Taste buds touch the food you eat

Then they send signals to your brain

Your brain makes meaning of the signals It tells you what the food tastes like If the food tastes bad, you know not to eat it.

Your taste buds can detect five different tastes This table shows how some foods taste to most people

Your taste buds

tell you that

watermelon

is sweet

FIVE TASTES

Taste Examples

savory

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Senses } Properties of Senses } Taste

Butterflies fly from plant to plant

They are looking for a place to lay their eggs They can tell right away if a plant is the one they are looking for That is because butterflies taste with their feet!

Butterflies lay their eggs on leaves Hungry caterpillars hatch from the eggs Caterpillars eat the leaves they hatch on.

Catfish live in dark water It is hard

to see So how do they find food?

Catfish have taste buds all over their bodies Most of the taste buds are

on their whiskers, or barbels Their

taste buds gather information from the water The catfish can taste food that is nearby

Sweet Feet

Caterpillars do not

have to go far for

their first meal

Catfish have “whiskers” that stick out from their face, as cats do That’s why they’re called catfish

A Swimming Tongue!

Butterflies taste plants with their feet

Three butterflies are on a leaf Each

butterfly has six feet How many

butterfly feet are on the leaf?

Tiêu đề	Properties of senses
Trường học	Learning A–Z
Chuyên ngành	Science education
Thể loại	Teaching guide

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Số trang	23
Dung lượng	5,76 MB