Luận văn design and implementation of high directive antenna array and a compact lte mimo antenna for mobile device

d8 Decibel MEG Mean Effective Gain BW Bandwidth Fr Resonant fiequency GSM Global System for Mobile Communication MIMO __| Multiple Input Multiple Output HPBW Half Power Beamwidth

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTR i00 0t tt ưu eo cNE

1.3 Mobile wave propagation cnvironuneni csscertrerieerrerreeeeeroÖ

1.4.1 Eirstgeneraion celhular teehnology (1G) - -seeerreoee &

1⁄43 Third generation cellular technology 3G) «eo Â

1.45 - EiRhgeneration of eellular teehmology(5G) ccceceereoeree 7

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Antenna Input impedance

Vollage Standard Wave Ralio (VSWR)

1.9 Three port network T- Jnmetion 26

1.11 Anlznnas for Mobile Handscl Device and Diversity Mechanism so DD

2.2 Flow chart of proposed antenna design

2.3 Single antenna desigi eomenenesneminnninneuniinineneiiennininnsesete

2.4 2x2 Antenna array

244

242

Planar anionmta auTay dzSÌBML not tnhnrrieirirrrririemrorire

‘T- Junction power divider design

2.6 2x2 Antenna ammay with DGS

38

4

4E

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3.2.1 Basic PIFA antenna design e.ceeinenieeirrene

3.22 Meandered PUA antenna design

3.3 2x2 meandered PIFA antennas with DG§ vien miiieere

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LIST OF ABREVIATION AND SYMBOLS

võ Free space velocity

GPP Generation Partnership Project

Âu Free space wave length

Mbps Megabits per second

d8 Decibel

MEG Mean Effective Gain

BW Bandwidth

Fr Resonant fiequency

GSM Global System for Mobile Communication

MIMO | Multiple Input Multiple Output

HPBW Half Power Beamwidth

VSWR Voltage Stand Wave Ratio

LTE Long Term Evolution

LTE-A Long Term Evolution Advanced

PCB Printed circuit board

FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access

WiMAX | Worldwide Interoperability for

Microwave Access

e Relative permittivity

m Relative permeability

Nrad Radiation efficiency

toc | Total efficiency

Ter _ | Reflection efficiency

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NAMI Nondic Mobile Telephone

PC Personal Digital Cellular

DCS Digital Celhilar System

SIM Identity Module Subseriber

Tf-4 | Intemational Mobile Telecommunication

Advanced TUR | International Telecommunivation Union

Radio Communications

Pe Correlation socfficiont

SAR Specific Absorption Rate

PIFA Planar Inverled F Antenna

MSA Microstrip Antenna

Gos Quality of Service

@dM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

AMPS Advantage Mobile Phone Service

Đị Total inpul power

Traa | Total radiated power

VAAL Vector Network Analyzer

g Quality factor

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1: Mobile Communication and cellular system co coi

2: Radio propagation effects

3: MIMO channel with nt transmit antennas and nr receive antennas 4: Evolution of mobile phone eemmunications

5: Coordinate system oŸ antcnna anaÏysis

6: 3D Radiation pattern with its associated lobes and beamwidths of antenna

7: Tielđ regions of an antenna

8: Transmitting antenna and its equivalent ciretils sseceeeieeee

9: Microstrip antenna and coordinates sysiem -

10; Mictrostrip anlerma: (a) Microstrip line (b) Prohe feed 11: Microstrip line and its electie Belds

12: Physical and effective lengths of rectangtilar microstrip patch, 13: Rectangular microstrip paich and ils equivalent circuil Iransmission tine 14; Charge distribution and current density creation on microstrip antenna

15: Different array geometries 16: Linear and Two dimensional array

19: Major mobile phones types: (a) bar; (b) slip and (c) slide phones

20: Basic anterma and PCB arrangesncnis

25: Evolution of PIPA from a monopole antenna

26: Evolution of PIFA from a haEf wave pafch antentta co sec

28

29 31

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LIST GF TABLES

Table 2 1: Geometric parameters of single anfetna -csseerrrereeeuue 4U 'Table 2.2: Geometric parameters of'†-Jumetion powrer divider 4 'Table 2.3: Parameters of DGS - - - a AD Table 2 4: Cumparison results of single, antounas arrays withoul DGS and antennas arrays with

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28

29 31

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Figure 2 24: Experiment results in VNA - %6 Figure 2 25: Simulated and measured retumn loss characteristic of 2x2 antenna array with DGS

56 Figure 3 1: Modem mobile phone dimensions (Samsung Galaxy grand prime) S9 Figure 3 2: Geometry of basic PIFA antenna 80 Figure 3 3: Simulated retum loss characteristic of basic PIFA antenna 60

Figure 3 {2: Simulated retum loss characteristic of 2x2 meandered PIFA antennas with DGS

68

Figure 3 13: 31) radiation pattem of meandered PLFA antennas with DGS at 2.6GHz

Figure 3 14: Polar plot of meandered PIFA antennas: (a) F-plane (q = 00) and (b) E+ plane

vit

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Figure 1.27: PIRA antenna geometry - - - 35 Figure 2.1: Flow Chart of Sinmulation and measurernehf anteha + BD Figure 2 2: Geometry of proposed single element microstrip antenna 40 Figure 2 3: Simulated return loss characteristic of single path at 2.6 Gllz a Al Figure 2.4: Far ficld radiation palicmn of single microstrip anteuma: (a) 31 radiation pattern and (b) polar glot "” ÔÔÒÔ Figure 2 5: Geometry of proposed 3 port power divider - a AB Figure 2.6: Simulated Return loss characteristic of 3 port power divider 44 Figure 2.7: Current distribution of 3 port power divider model a 4

Figure 2, 8: Configuration of 2x2 anfonna array with corporate fod: (a) front, and (b) back visw

Figure 2.12: Prolotypos of 2x2 anierma, array: (a) front and (b) back viow cae AB Figure 2.13: Simudated and meastwed retum loss characteristic of 2x2 antenna atray 48

Figure 2.14: Configuration of 2x2 antenna array with DGS: (a) front and (b) back wiew 49

Figure 2 15: EfTeoi an S11 varying wirdih of defected ground struetrre s0 Figure 2.16; Effect on B11 varying length of defccted ground sữrueture 5Ù

Figure 2 17: Simulated return loss of 2x2 antenna array with DGS SI

Figure 2.18: Far fictd radiation patem of 2x2 anterma array with DGS, (2) 3D radiation patter for total gain and (b) polar pot

Figure 2 19: Far field radiation pattem of 2x2 antenna array with DGS: (a) 3D radiation pattem

Figure 2,20: 2D Plot radiation pattem

Figure 2.21: VSWR of 2x2 antenna array with DGS a SA

Figure 2, 22: Current distribution: (a) ñont and (b) baek view sao 5 Figure 2, 23: Fabricated 2x2 antenna array with DGS: (a) front and (b) back view 5Š

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d8 Decibel

BW Bandwidth

Microwave Access

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LIST GF TABLES

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d8 Decibel

BW Bandwidth

Microwave Access

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