Chuyên Đề 1_Thì Động từ trong tiếng anh

TOPIC 1: VERB TENSES

I THE PRESENT TENSES

Theory

The present tenses in English describe actions, states, or facts occurring

in the present or related to the present Below are the four present tenses:

• Present Simple:

– Structure: S + V(s/es) (affirmative); S + do/does + not + V

(neg-ative); Do/Does + S + V? (question)

– Usage: Describes habits, general truths, fixed schedules, or

long-term states

– Examples: She walks to school every day The sun rises in the

east

– Signal words: always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every

day/week/month

• Present Continuous:

– Structure: S + am/is/are + V-ing.

– Usage: Describes actions happening now, planned future actions,

or temporary actions

– Examples: They are playing football now I am meeting her

to-morrow

– Signal words: now, at the moment, at present, this week/month,

Look!, Listen!

• Present Perfect:

– Structure: S + have/has + V3/ed.

– Usage: Describes actions with present relevance, experiences, or

actions started in the past and continuing

– Examples: I have just finished my homework She has lived here

for five years

– Signal words: just, already, yet, since, for, ever, never, recently.

• Present Perfect Continuous:

– Structure: S + have/has + been + V-ing.

– Usage: Emphasizes the duration of actions started in the past and

continuing or recently stopped

– Examples: They have been studying for three hours My clothes

are wet because I have been running

– Signal words: for, since, all day/week.

Exercise 1: Present Simple

Complete the following sentences using the present simple form of the verb

in parentheses

1 She (drink) coffee every morning

2 They (not/play) tennis on weekends

3 (you/watch) TV every evening?

4 The bus (arrive) at 7 a.m daily

5 He (work) as a teacher

6 We (visit) our grandparents every Sunday

7 The earth (rotate) around the sun

8 (she/like) chocolate ice cream?

9 John (not/go) to bed late

10 The store (open) at 9 a.m

11 My parents (read) the newspaper daily

12 (they/travel) abroad every year?

13 The dog (bark) at strangers

14 I (not/eat) fast food often

15 The children (study) hard for exams

Answers for Exercise 1

1 drinks

2 don’t play

3 Do you watch

4 arrives

5 works

6 visit

7 rotates

8 Does she like

9 doesn’t go

10 opens

11 read

12 Do they travel

13 barks

14 don’t eat

15 study

Exercise 2: Present Continuous

Complete the following sentences using the present continuous form of the verb in parentheses

1 Look! The kids (run) in the park

2 I (not/study) right now

3 (you/meet) your friends tonight?

4 She (write) an email at the moment

5 We (plan) a trip for next month

6 He (fix) his car this afternoon

7 They (not/watch) the movie now

8 The dog (bark) at a stranger

9 (she/paint) her room today?

10 The team (practice) for the match

11 I (read) a novel this week

12 They (not/swim) in the pool right now

13 (you/listen) to music at the moment?

14 She (cook) dinner for her family

15 We (organize) a party this weekend

Answers for Exercise 2

1 are running

2 am not studying

3 Are you meeting

4 is writing

5 are planning

6 is fixing

7 aren’t watching

8 is barking

9 Is she painting

10 is practicing

11 am reading

12 aren’t swimming

13 Are you listening

14 is cooking

15 are organizing

Exercise 3: Present Perfect

Complete the following sentences using the present perfect form of the verb in parentheses

1 I (just/finish) my homework

2 They (not/visit) London yet

3 (you/ever/try) sushi?

4 She (live) here since 2015

5 We (lose) our keys again

6 He (already/see) that movie

7 The company (expand) rapidly this year

8 (they/meet) the new manager?

9 I (not/eat) breakfast today

10 The kids (break) the window

11 She (travel) to three countries this year

12 We (not/play) chess for ages

13 (you/finish) your project yet?

14 He (write) two books so far

15 They (work) together for a long time

Answers for Exercise 3

1 have just finished

2 haven’t visited

3 Have you ever tried

4 has lived

5 have lost

6 has already seen

7 has expanded

8 Have they met

9 haven’t eaten

10 have broken

11 has traveled

12 haven’t played

13 Have you finished

14 has written

15 have worked

Exercise 4: Present Perfect Continuous

Complete the following sentences using the present perfect continuous form of the verb in parentheses

1 She (work) on this project for three months

2 They (not/play) football since last summer

3 (you/wait) here for long?

4 I (study) English for five years

5 He (run) in the park all morning

6 We (try) to fix this computer since yesterday

7 The kids (watch) TV all day

8 (she/learn) to drive recently?

9 I (not/sleep) well lately

10 They (build) that house for over a year

11 He (exercise) every day for the past month

12 We (plan) the event since last week

13 (you/work) on this assignment all night?

14 She (paint) the house for two weeks

15 They (not/travel) abroad for years

Answers for Exercise 4

1 has been working

2 haven’t been playing

3 Have you been waiting

4 have been studying

5 has been running

6 have been trying

7 have been watching

8 Has she been learning

9 haven’t been sleeping

10 have been building

11 has been exercising

12 have been planning

13 Have you been working

14 has been painting

15 haven’t been traveling

II THE PAST TENSES

Theory

The past tenses describe actions, states, or events that occurred before the present Below are the four past tenses:

• Past Simple:

– Structure: S + V2/ed (affirmative); S + did + not + V (negative);

Did + S + V? (question)

– Usage: Describes completed actions, past habits, or sequences of

past events

– Examples: She visited her grandmother yesterday I lived in Paris

five years ago

– Signal words: yesterday, last week/month/year, ago, in 2000.

• Past Continuous:

– Structure: S + was/were + V-ing.

– Usage: Describes actions in progress at a specific past moment,

often interrupted, or to set a scene

– Examples: They were playing when I arrived I was studying at 8

p.m yesterday

– Signal words: at 8 p.m yesterday, while, when.

• Past Perfect:

– Structure: S + had + V3/ed.

– Usage: Describes actions completed before another past action – Examples: She had finished her homework before she left.

– Signal words: before, by the time, after, had.

• Past Perfect Continuous:

– Structure: S + had + been + V-ing.

– Usage: Emphasizes the duration of an action that occurred before

another past event

– Examples: I had been working for hours when he arrived.

– Signal words: for, since, before, when.

Exercise 5: Past Simple

Complete the following sentences using the past simple form of the verb in parentheses

1 I (lose) my phone yesterday

2 They (build) this house in 1995

3 (you/go) to the party last night?

4 She (buy) a new dress for the event

5 We (not/see) that movie

6 He (travel) to Japan last summer

7 The team (win) the championship in 2010

8 (they/visit) the museum?

9 I (eat) pizza for dinner

10 The kids (play) in the garden all day

11 She (call) her friend last night

12 We (not/stay) at the hotel

13 (you/meet) the new teacher yesterday?

14 He (write) a letter to his parents

15 They (walk) to school every day last year

Answers for Exercise 5

1 lost

2 built

3 Did you go

4 bought

5 didn’t see

6 traveled

7 won

8 Did they visit

9 ate

10 played

11 called

12 didn’t stay

13 Did you meet

14 wrote

15 walked

Exercise 6: Past Continuous

Complete the following sentences using the past continuous form of the verb in parentheses

1 At 7 p.m., she (read) a book

2 They (not/play) football when I arrived

3 (you/watch) TV at 9 p.m yesterday?

4 We (drive) when it started to rain

5 He (work) on his project all evening

6 The kids (run) around the park

7 I (not/sleep) when you called

8 (they/talk) during the meeting?

9 She (paint) the house all day

10 We (wait) for the bus when it snowed

11 He (cook) dinner when the phone rang

12 They (not/listen) to music last night

13 (you/study) when I texted you?

14 I (write) an essay all afternoon.

15 The team (practice) when the coach arrived

Answers for Exercise 6

1 was reading

2 weren’t playing

3 Were you watching

4 were driving

5 was working

6 were running

7 wasn’t sleeping

8 Were they talking

9 was painting

10 were waiting

11 was cooking

12 weren’t listening

13 Were you studying

14 was writing

15 was practicing

Exercise 7: Past Perfect

Complete the following sentences using the past perfect form of the verb

in parentheses

1 She (finish) her work before the meeting

2 They (not/see) the movie before last night

3 (you/visit) Paris before 2020?

4 I (eat) dinner by the time he arrived

5 We (lose) the game before the final round

6 He (work) there for years before he quit

7 The train (leave) before we got to the station

8 (she/learn) Spanish before moving to Spain?

9 They (buy) the house before the price increased

10 I (not/meet) him before the party

11 She (complete) the project before the deadline.

12 We (not/travel) abroad before last year

13 (you/finish) your homework before dinner?

14 He (sell) his car before buying a new one

15 They (arrive) before the show started

Answers for Exercise 7

1 had finished

2 hadn’t seen

3 Had you visited

4 had eaten

5 had lost

6 had worked

7 had left

8 Had she learned

9 had bought

10 hadn’t met

11 had completed

12 hadn’t traveled

13 Had you finished

14 had sold

15 had arrived

Exercise 8: Past Perfect Continuous

Complete the following sentences using the past perfect continuous form

of the verb in parentheses

1 I (work) for hours when she called

2 They (not/play) tennis since last month

3 (you/wait) long before the bus arrived?

4 She (study) all day before the exam

5 We (travel) for weeks before we reached home

6 He (run) for an hour when it started raining

7 The team (practice) for months before the match

8 (they/live) there before moving to London?

9 I (not/sleep) well before the trip

10 She (write) the book for years before publishing it

11 He (work) on the project for weeks before it was canceled

12 They (not/exercise) regularly before the competition

13 (you/paint) the house before the storm?

14 We (wait) for hours when the plane landed

15 She (learn) French for years before her trip to Paris

Answers for Exercise 8

1 had been working

2 hadn’t been playing

3 Had you been waiting

4 had been studying

5 had been traveling

6 had been running

7 had been practicing

8 Had they been living

9 hadn’t been sleeping

10 had been writing

11 had been working

12 hadn’t been exercising

13 Had you been painting

14 had been waiting

15 had been learning

III THE FUTURE TENSES

Theory

The future tenses describe actions, states, or events that will occur in the future Below are the four future tenses:

• Future Simple:

– Structure: S + will/shall + V (affirmative); S + will/shall + not +

– Usage: Describes future actions, predictions, spontaneous

deci-sions, promises, or offers

– Examples: I will call you tomorrow It will rain this afternoon – Signal words: tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in the

fu-ture

• Future Continuous:

– Structure: S + will/shall + be + V-ing.

– Usage: Describes actions in progress at a specific future moment

or simultaneous actions

– Examples: At 8 p.m tomorrow, we will be watching a movie She

will be working when you arrive

– Signal words: at this time tomorrow, at 8 p.m next week.

• Future Perfect:

– Structure: S + will/shall + have + V3/ed.

– Usage: Describes actions completed before a specific future point

or another action

– Examples: By next month, I will have finished this project They

will have left before you arrive

– Signal words: by tomorrow, by the time, by next month/year.

• Future Perfect Continuous:

– Structure: S + will/shall + have + been + V-ing.

– Usage: Emphasizes the duration of an action continuing up to a

future point

– Examples: By 2026, she will have been teaching for ten years We

will have been waiting for two hours by the time the plane lands

– Signal words: by + time, for + period of time.

Exercise 9: Future Simple

Complete the following sentences using the future simple form of the verb

in parentheses

1 I (call) you tomorrow

2 She (not/attend) the meeting next week

3 (you/help) me with this project?

4 They (travel) to Japan next summer

5 He (buy) a new car soon

6 We (visit) the zoo next weekend.

7 The weather (be) sunny tomorrow

8 (they/join) us for dinner?

9 I (not/forget) your birthday

10 The team (win) the match next time

11 She (start) her new job next month

12 We (not/move) to a new house soon

13 (you/attend) the concert next Friday?

14 He (paint) the room next weekend

15 They (organize) a charity event next year

Answers for Exercise 9

1 will call

2 won’t attend

3 Will you help

4 will travel

5 will buy

6 will visit

7 will be

8 Will they join

9 won’t forget

10 will win

11 will start

12 won’t move

13 Will you attend

14 will paint

15 will organize

Exercise 10: Future Continuous

Complete the following sentences using the future continuous form of the verb in parentheses

1 At 9 p.m., we (watch) a movie

2 She (not/work) tomorrow evening

3 (you/study) at this time tomorrow?

4 They (play) football at 5 p.m

5 I (travel) to London next week

6 He (wait) for you at the airport

7 We (not/sleep) at midnight

8 (she/cook) dinner at 7 p.m.?

9 The kids (run) in the park tomorrow

10 I (write) a report all morning

11 They (not/swim) in the lake tomorrow

12 We (attend) a conference next month

13 (you/drive) to work tomorrow morning?

14 She (practice) the piano all afternoon

15 He (fix) the car tomorrow morning

Answers for Exercise 10

1 will be watching

2 won’t be working

3 Will you be studying

4 will be playing

5 will be traveling

6 will be waiting

7 won’t be sleeping

8 Will she be cooking

9 will be running

10 will be writing

11 won’t be swimming

12 will be attending

13 Will you be driving

14 will be practicing

15 will be fixing

Exercise 11: Future Perfect

Complete the following sentences using the future perfect form of the verb

in parentheses

1 By next month, I (finish) this course

2 They (not/arrive) by 6 p.m

3 (you/complete) the project by tomorrow?

4 She (write) the book by next year

5 We (save) enough money by December

6 He (leave) before you get there

7 The team (play) five matches by next week

8 (they/build) the bridge by 2026?

9 I (not/see) him by the time you arrive

10 She (learn) Spanish by the end of the year

11 We (finish) the renovation by next spring

12 They (not/complete) the task by tomorrow

13 (you/visit) your parents by next weekend?

14 He (sell) his old car by next month

15 I (write) all the reports by Friday

Answers for Exercise 11

1 will have finished

2 won’t have arrived

3 Will you have completed

4 will have written

5 will have saved

6 will have left

7 will have played

8 Will they have built

9 won’t have seen

10 will have learned

11 will have finished

12 won’t have completed

13 Will you have visited