Fundamentals of english grammar third edition part 60 pot

I CONTENTS 14-2 Noun clauses that begin with a 14-7 Substituting s o for a that-clause in 14-3 Noun clauses with who, what, whose 14-8 Quoted speech 14-4 Noun clauses that begin with

his key This was a very big problem for my unfortunate uncle because he (dras, not)

properly In fact, he (wear)

nothing but a towel Poor Uncle Ernesto! "What (I, do) ?"

he asked himself ,

Instead of (stud) in the hallway with only a towel, he

.'

elevator He thought about (knock) on someone else's door

39

(ask) for help, but decided it was better (ask)

the hotel personnel He hoped the elevator would be empty

, 8

When he (reach) the elevator, he (push)

even though the elevator wasn't empty The other people in the elevator (surprise)

when they (see) a man who (wrap)

in a towel

50

(explain) his problem, but unfortunately he (know, not)

53

any Norwegian He said, in English, "Door Locked No

54

key." A businessman in the elevator (nod) , but he (smile, not)

55

58

After an eternity, the elevator (reach) the ground floor

59

Uncle Ernesto (walk) straight to the front desk and (look)

60

at the hotel manager helplessly The hotel manager

61

Gerunds and lnflnltlves 401

(have to understand, nor)

62

63

64

elbow, and (Iead)

67

68

this incident But he (laugh) a lot when he (teU)

the story

Directions: Write a composition about one of the most embarrassing experiences you have had in your life

-

I CONTENTS

14-2 Noun clauses that begin with a 14-7 Substituting s o for a that-clause in

14-3 Noun clauses with who, what, whose 14-8 Quoted speech

14-4 Noun clauses that begin with ifor 14-10 Verb forms in reported speech

(noun phrase)

(noun dause)

Verbs are often followed by objects The object is usually a noun phrase.*

In (a): his address is a noun phrase;

his address is the object of the verb k n m

Some verbs can be followed by noun clauses.*

In @): where he lives is a noun clause;

where he lives is the object of the verb know

*A phrase is s group of related words It does not canrsin a subject and a verb

A c l a u ~ is a group of related words It contains a subject and a verb

14-2 NOUN CLAUSES THAT BEGIN WITH A QUESTION WORD

Notice in the examples:

Usual question word order is NOT

(a) Where d m he liw? (b) I don't know where he E m

I (a) Whv is Tom absent? I (hl I wonder whv Tom is absent I

~ - - ~

I (k) What happened? I (1) Tell me what happened and noun clause word order are the

same when the question word is used

*A question mark is used at the end of this noun dause because the main subject and the verb of the sentence (Doymr know)

Example: Lhyar know & rhqr bft?

Do you bnau asks a question; whm they left is a noun clause

EXERCISE 1 Information questions and noun clauses (Charts 5-2 and 14-2)

Dimctim: Are the given words (1) an information question or (2) a noun clause?

Add "I don't know" and a period to make a sentence with a noun clause OR

Add a capital letter and a question mark if the given words are a question

- ~ ~ , v % s ' ~',:,.=&.%,k$; -{,;; ~ ~:

Miwhy did he leave? (information question);:i.-:.;I <; :~;, ??,2 '$ ,

- ;: ? , ,., $.* - ;: '

where she is living

':

~ .-

i , , ,:I 8 what time does the movie begin

-

i

n

404 CHAPTER 14

EXERCISE 2 Noun clauses that begin with a question word (Chart 14-2)

~ I I .t., &r; Direchm: Complete the dialogues by changing Speaker A's questions to noun clauses

1 A: Where does Jim go to school?

B: I don't know whew Jiw p e s to school

2 A: Where did Natasha go yesterday?

3 A: Why is Maria laughing?

4 A: Why is tire hot?

5 A: How much does a new Honda cost?

B: Peter can tell you

6 A: Why is Mike always late?

: , B: I don't know

When was the

I don't know

: first wheel in

Do you knm

~

How many hours does a e-<<*w

I don't know exactly i ! : t

I - 10 A: Where did Emily buy her computer?

11 A: Who lives next door to Kate?

12 A: Who(m) did Julie talk to?

Noun Clauses 405

EXERCISE 3 Information questlons and noun clauses (Charts 5-2 and 14-2)

Direcrimzs: Ask and answer questions Only the leader's book is open Work as a class or in

groups

Speaker A: Ask a question, using the cue

Speaker B: Answer the question, beginning with either 'Y don? know ." OR "I think ."

followed by a noun clause

Example: Ask ( ) where ( ) lives

:,:,:.&

LEADER to A: Marco, ask Ingrid where Mustafa lives , P:

SPEAKER A: Ingrid, where does Mustafa live?

SPEAKER B: I don't h o w where ~ u s t a f a lives OR I think that Mustafa lives in Reed

Hall

1 Ask ( ) where ( ) ate breakfast this morning ' ~ , , :

2 Ask ( ) what ( )'s favorite color is

, !; ; !

3 Ask ( ) when ( ) got up this morning

4 Ask ( ) why ( ) isn't sitting in hisher usual seat today *> ii t' ,

5 Ask ( ) how ( ) got to class today , i: F ~ , ,:,7 :.,

6 Ask ( ) what kind of watch ( ) has

7 Ask ( ) why ( ) didn't come to class yesterday ' ' b 7 '

8 Ask ( ) where ( ) went after class yesterday , , , :::

4 lnformatlon questlons and noun clauses (Charts 5-$'and 14-2)

!crions: Complete the sentences with the words in parentheses

1 A: Where (Susan, eat) Aid Swab eat lunch yesterday? , 2

I don't know where (she, eat) she a+e lunch yesterday

B: Who?

B: Yes How can I help you?

B: You want to know how much (this camera, wst)

is that right?

A: No, not that one The one next to it

:::,,A ,!

4 A: How far (you, can run) without stopping?

B: I have no idea I don't know how far (I, can run)

, j

without stopping I've never tried , , ,:i.: ~ ; # , , , k , i t , ,,:.I.:!< ,J! : A .i,

: :, , 1'; I :H

406 CHAPTER 14

5 A: Where (you, see) the ad for the computer sale last week?

papers, I think

D o you?

cruel to others It's difficult to explain

the rest of your lie?

A: What do you mean?

the rest of your life

4-3 NOUN CLAUSES WITH WHO, WHAT WHOSE + BE

(g) 1Whosod a on the desk) Q Tell me'whoee pen' a on the desk

follows main verb be in a

question comes in front of

(b) and (d)

A prepositional phrase (e.g.,

in the o$&e) does not come infrontofbeinenoun clause, as in (f) and (h)

Noun Clauses 407