Fundamentals of english grammar third edition part 42 ppt

I CONTENTS 10-1 Active sentences and passive sentences 10-2 Form of the passive 10-3 Transitive and intransitive verbs 10-4 Using the by-phrase 10-5 The passive forms of the present and

EXERCISE 36 Making cornparlsons (Chapter 9) , ,$ ? , , F : py.r : a ,, , , , ~ ~ , .,

Direcrias: Do you have sayings in your language that are similar o or &e s ' a e a s ttie

following English proverbs?

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- The early bird gets the worm

Too many cooks spoil the broth

4 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush

-" 5 A stitch in time saves nine

6 When in Rome, do as the Romans do

7 Birds of a feather flock together

8 A rolling stone gathers no moss

EXERCISE 37 Making comparisons (Chapter 9)

Direceiom: Write a composition based on one of the following topics

d ' ! Compare and contmst: ,: I .,

2 cities you have lived in or have visited

3 diierent schools you have attended

4 your way of l i e before and after you became a parent

5 yourself now to yourself ten years ago

6 your country now to your country 100 years ago

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.-;$? 7 life today to life 100 years h r n now.:; d,i ,d' :: , P.rp

:

+ : .; 8 two sports

9 the seasons of the year

10 food in two countries

Comparisons 275

I CONTENTS

10-1 Active sentences and passive sentences

10-2 Form of the passive

10-3 Transitive and intransitive verbs

10-4 Using the by-phrase

10-5 The passive forms of the present and

past progressive

10-6 Passive modal auxiliaries

10-7 Using past participles as adjectives (stative passive)

10-8 Participial adjectives: -ed vs -ing 10-9 Get + adjective;get + past participle 10-10 Using be usedlaccustomed to and

g e t usedlaccustomed to 10-1 1 Used to vs b e used to 10-12 Using b e supposed to

(a) ~ c m : The mouse a& the cheese (a) and (b) have the same meaning

@) PASSIVE: The cheese rws eaten by the mouse

ACTIVE:

mailed I the package 1

In (c): The object in an active sentence becomes the subject in a passive sentence

(d) 1 The package was mailed ibyBob.l

In (d): The subject in an active sentence is the object

of 6y in the byphrase in a passive sentence

I sucpLe PReSBNT I Farmers grow corn r Corn is grown by farmers I

BE + PAST PARTICIPLE

(c) The report will be written by Mary

Form of all passive verbs:

Be can be in any of its forms: am, is, are, was, were,

has been, have been, will be, etc

PRESENT PERFECT Jack has mailed the letter , The letter has been mailed by Jack

1

EXERCISE 1 Active vs passive (Charts 10-1 and 10-2)

Directions: Change the active verbs to passive verbs Write the subject of the passive sentence

1 SIMPLE PRESENT

FUTURE

(b) The teacher helps Jane

Mr Lee willplan the meeting r The meeting will be planned by Mr Lee

Sue is going to write the report - The report ia going to be written by Sue

(c) The teacher helps us

(b) -lahC is h ~ l p r d by the teacher

3 PRESENT PERFBCT

, ' , ' , , ,

y I

The Passlve 277

EXERCISE 2 Form of the passive (Charts 10-1 and 10-2)

~ i r e n i o & Change the verbs to the passive Do not change the tense

package

employs many

people

3 That company

has hired Sue

going to fax the

letters

bought my old car

do the work

the windows ,

EXERCISE 3 Active vs passive (Charts 10-1 and 10-2)

Directions: Change the sentences from active to passive

' '': ' , 1 Ms Hopkins invited me to dinner

-t I was invited to dinner by Ms Hopkins

, - * > i 2 Thomas Edison invented the phonograph

4 A plumber is going to fix the leaky faucet

5 A doctor has examined the sick child

6 A large number of people speak Spanish

7 Helicopters fascinate children

8 Shakespeare wrote Hamlet

9 This news will amaze you

278 CHAPTER 10

EXERCISE 4 Actlve vs passive: question forms (Charts 10-1 and 10-2)

Directions: Change the active sentences to passive sentences that have the same meaning and tense

\

" - \ , " a Ac-

1 (a) The news surprised John 1 0 h w& s w ~ v i s e d by the news

(b) Did the news surprise you? U r v e v o k S ~ P V ~ S P A by the news?

PETITION

We, thl undmslonad, b l i w that the hw- n 3206 T m S t m if

en hlmxic bulldlng WI b i i ~ that It ahwld not be danmyed in -x to build a fn.fwd rpuunnt at the l&n

1 I /

EXERCISE 5 Actlve vs passlve (Charts 10-1 and 10-2)

Directions: Change the sentences from active to passive

; < * f X , ' ' , , ! , ,!

1 A thief stole Ann's purse + Ann's purse was smkn by a thief , , ~; \,,, , ,, , :

' ,., !

2 Did a cat kill the bird?

~ ,, ! -:'?'

3 My cat didn't kill the bird , ' ,;,!':., , ~ < '

, ,

4 Do a large number of people speak French? :

5 Is the janitor going to fix the window?

6 Will a maid clean our hotel room?

, , , ,> ,,: ,., , ' / I I '

7 Does the hotel provide clean towels? .,

8 Sometimes my inability to understand spoken English frustrates me

The Posslve 279

EXERCISE 6 Active vs passive (Charts 10-1 and 10-2)

sentences are questions

1 Was the riot stopped by the police?

2 My suitcase was inspected by a customs officer

3 Love and understanding are needed by all children

4 Were you taught to read by your parents?

5 I was taughqto read by my parents

6 Are we going to be met at the train station by your cousin?

7 Have the plans for the new hospital already been drawn by

,.I ' I t the architect?

8 The bear was chased up a tree by a dog

(a) T R A N ~ ~ ~

8

Bob

Mr Lee

A cat

Co) -s-

S

An accident

Kate

I

v

happened

A rranritive verb is a verb that is followed by an object

An object is a noun or a pronoun

object

ACTIVE: Bob mailed the letter

PASSIVE: The lener was m a U by Bob

ACTIVE: An accident happened

PAS^: (nor possible)

(e) INCORRBCT: An accident was happened

Only aansitive verbs can be used in the passive

An intransitive verb is NOT used in the passive

'To find out if a verb is transitive or inuansitiw, look in y o u dictionary The usual abbrcviationa are v.t (mnsitive) and v.i (intransitive) Some verbs have both rrmitive and inrransitive uaes For example:

rransitive: Sncdmu smdy bwh

inrransitive: Studsnn rmdy

280 CHAPTER 10

!CISE 7 Transltlve vs Intransitive verbs (Chart 10-3) $

Direcrions: h & & g the verbs and identify them as transitive

Change the sentences to the passive if possible

;, i i > ; r ~ ~ i s I.,, , , A L ,,

;,>?-;,." , I : ;

v.1

1 Jack d k d to school yesterday (no change)

,

v.k

,ti P i ., I , j I

2 Susie bEnbP the window .!,

-t The window was broken by Susie ~ , .,,,

3 We stayed in a hotel

4 The leaves fell to the ground

, ; $,: ~

" ' 5 1 slept at my friend's house last night

6 An accident happened at the corner of Third and Main

Did the Koreans invent gunpowder?

In the fairy tale, a princess kissed a h g

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