Charts 9-2 and 9-3 Directim: Give the comparative and superlative forms of the following adjectives and adverbs.. .-~rts 9 - -nd 9-3 Direccionc Complete the sentences with the correct
Trang 1EXERCISE 9 Comparative and superlative forms (Charts 9-2 and 9-3)
Directim: Give the comparative and superlative forms of the following adjectives and adverbs
14 far
EXERCISE 10 COI ,-.- ,- .-~rts 9 - -nd 9-3)
Direccionc Complete the sentences with the correct comparative form (-el-or) of the given adjectives
1 '
1 Oranges are S\UP&PV than lemons
I ,
2 I heard a little polite laughter when I told my jokes, but everyone laughed loudly when
3 Many more people die in car accidents than in plane accidents Statistics show that
t I airplane
're
4 Professor Sato speaks clearly, but I have trouble understanding Professor Larson's
Sato's -*,,>A
-
5 Bobby! How did you get all covered with mud? Hurry and take a bath Even the
*Spelling notes:
When a one-syllable sdiecdve ends in one vowel + a conso-t, double the consonant and add -erl-est Example: sod, aaddw, a d d - t
When an adjective ends in rwo vow& + a consonant, do NOT double the consonant: cool, cooler, coolest
When an adjective ends in -e, do double the cansonant: wide, widor, widest
Trang 26 A: Why does wet sand look than dry sand?
B: Because wet sand reflects less light
7 A: The moon is full tonight There's not a cloud in the sky Look at the
moonlight on the lake It makes the water sparkle Have you ever seen a
sight than this?
B: No It's beautiful
8 If a cat and a duck are out in the rain, the cat will get much
than the duck The water will simply roll off the duck's feathers but will soak into the cat's hair
EXERCISE 11 FARTHER and FURTHER ( C h a r t 9-3)
Directions: Complete the sentences with farther andlorfirthor Use both if possible
1 Ron and his friend went jogging Ron ran two miles, but his friend got tired after one mile Ron ran f a v t h ~ v / f h v t h ~ v than his friend did
2 If you have any f h v t k ~ v questions, don't hesitate to ask
4 I gave my old computer to my younger sister because I had no
use for it
5 I like my new apartment, but it is away from school than my old apartment was
6 Thank you for your help, but I'll be fine now I don't want to cause you any
trouble
Comparisons 255
Trang 30 EXERCISE 12 Comparatives (Charts 9 - 2 and 9-3)
choosing) to make comparisons between the given items Use the comparative form
1 traveling by air \ traveling by bus
Etc
2 a pool \ a lake
i
3 an elephant's neck \ a giraffe's neck .t
."
.,
" 4 ?
4 sunlight \ moonlight -r
i,u ,
L & , ~
-5 iron \ wood \ b.z
i : ,~
, , 7@< .: * 8
5, , -7
6 walking \ running , ,*?>
7 a river \ a stream .-
<.: ' < +
8 rubber \ wood * ~
9 nothing \ sitting in a garden on a quiet summer day
10 a butterfly's wing \ a blade of grass
0 EXERCISE 13 Comparatives (Charts 9 - 2 and 9-3)
Speaker A: Ask the given question Your book is open
Speaker B: Answer the question Begin your response with "Not really, b u t at
least !' Your book is closed
Example:
SPEAKER A (book open): Is the mayor of this city famous?
SPEAKER B (bwk closed): Not really, but at least helshe is more famous than I am
13,
Switch roles
1 Is a mouse big? 7 Is the floor clean?
2 Is this room large? 8 Is a pen expensive?
3 Is your desk comfortable? 9: Is this book heavy?
4 Is an elephant intelligent? 10 Is blue a bright color?
5 Was the last exercise easy? 11 Is (name of a city) close to (name of this city)?
Trang 4(a) I'm older than my brother (r) In formal English, a subject pronoun (e.g., he) follows
@) I'm older than he is than, as in @) In everyday, informal spoken English, an
(c) I'm older than him (informal) object pronoun (e.g., him) often follows than, as in ( c ) (d) He works harder than I do Frequently an auxiliary verb follows the subject after
(el I arrived earlier than zhar did than In (d): than I do = than I w k
(f) Ann's hair is longer than Kate's A possessive noun (e.g., Kate's) or pronoun (e.g., mine)
(g) Jack's apartment is smaller than mine
EXERCISE 14 Completing a comparative (Chart 9-4)
1 My sister is only six She's much younger than I AW OR imfmmallv) I M ~
2 Peggy is thirteen, and she feels sad She thinks most of the other girls in school are far more popular than
3 The children can't lift that heavy box, but Mr Ford can He's stronger than
4 Jim isn't a very good speller I can spell much better than
5 I was on time Jack was late I got there earlier than
6 Ted is out of shape I can run a lot faster and farther than
7 Isabel's classes are diEcult, but my classes are easy Isabel's classes are more ditficult than My classes are easier than
8 Our neighbor's house is very large Our house is much smaller than
Their house is larger than
Trang 5EXERCISE 15 Comparative and superlative forms (Charts 9-3 and 9-4)
score points
SCORING:
(1) One point for the correct meaning of the given adjective
(2) One point for the correct compamtive and superlative forms of that adjective
(3) One point for a clear sentence with the comparative or superlative form
The teams should prepare for the contest by discussing the words in the list, looldng them
up in the dictionary if necessary, and making up possible sentences
Example: dependable
LEADER: What does "dependable" mean?
TEAM: "Dependable" means "responsible, reliable, trustworthy." For example, it
describes people who do their jobs well every day
LEADER: Yes That's one point Now, comparative and superlative forms?
TEAM: more dependable than, the most dependable of all
LEADER: Correct That's another point And a sentence with one of those forms?
TEAM: Vegetables are more dependable than f i t
LEADER: What? That doesn't make any sense No point
TEAM: Adults are more dependable than children
LEADER: Good One point Your total points as a team: three
List of adjectives for the leader to h o s e jb m :
1 absent-minded 8 confusing 15 fresh
22 pleasant
23 polite
24 soft
25 sour
26 straight
27 wild
28 wonderful
1 9-5 MODIFYING COMPARATIVES
(a) Tom is very old
@) Ann drives u wcarefully
Rry often modifies adjectives, as in
(c) INCORRECT: Tom is very older than I am Rry is NOT used to modify comparative adjectives and
INCORMCT: Ann drives very more carefuuy adverbs
than she used to
(d) Tom is muchla lotlfar older than I am Instead, much, a lot, or far are used to modii
(e) Ann drives much/a lotlfclr more carewy comparative adjectives and adverbs, as in (d) and (e) than she used to
(f) Ben is a little (&it) older than I am I OR Another common modifier is a tittlela little bit, as in (f)
(informauy) me
Trang 6EXERCISE 16 Modifying comparatives (Chart 9-5)
Directions: Add very, -h, a lot, or far to these sentences
1 It's hot today + It's very hot today
2 It's hotter today than yesterday + It's muchla lotlfar hotter today than yesterday
3 An airplane is fast
4 Taking an airplane is faster than hitchhiking
5 Learning a second language is difficult for many people
6 Learning a second language is more difficult than learning chemistry formulas
7 You can live more inexpensively in student housing than in a rented apartment
8 You can live inexpensively in student housing
adverbs of more than one syllable
MORB THAN ONE SYLLABLE
(a) A pen is loss expensive than a book
(b) A pen is not as expensiwe as a book
ONE SYLLABLB Only not a s as (NOT loss) is used with one-syllable (c) A pen is not as large as u book adjectives or adverbs, as in (c)
The opposite of -er/more is expressed by loss or not as
as (a) and @) have the same meaning
Loss and not as as are used with adjectives and
1 (d) INCORRECT: A pen iless large than a book I I
EXERCISE 17 LESS .THAN and NOT AS AS (Chart 9-6)
Direcrions: Circle the correct answer or answers
1 My nephew is - ambitious - my niece
@less than @ not as as
2 My nephew is - old - my niece
A less than @) not as as
3 A bee is - big - a bird
A less than B not as as
.,-, :-~ -,c - 4 My brother is -
' ; , , interested in planning for the future - I am
~,,':j,.:.#~ !; A less .than B not as as
f
5 I a m - good at repairing things - Diane is
A less than B not as as
6 Some students are - serious about their schoolwork - others
A less than B not as as
Comparisons 259
Trang 70 EXERCISE 18 MORE/-ER, LESS, and NOT AS AS (Charts 9-1 -+ 9-6)
following:
1 France \ large \ Brazil
2 a river \ big \ a stream
3 metal \ flexible \ rubber
4 sidewalk \ wide \ road
5 arithmetic \ difficult \ advanced algebra
6 a hill \ high \ a mountain
7 bottled water \ clear and clean \ river water ,,; ,;.,?+ - - , ., ~ '
,
" , *!, ! :
:: 8 cold, wet weather \ pleasant \ warm weather .I ,
l ' i
9 sitting in an easy chair \ comfortable \ sitting on a park bench
'
10 hiking along a path \ dangerous \ climbing a mountain peak
1 1 toes \ long \ fingers
12 toes \ useful \ fingers
13 toes \ long or useful \ fingers
14 fingers \ long and useful \toes
0 EXERCISE 19 MORE/-ER, LESS, and AS .AS (Charts 9-1 + 9-6)
points of comparison can you thii of? Work in pairs, on teams, or as a class
Trees are mrely as colo@l asflowers
Flowers are less useful than trees
Flowers aren't as sturdy as trees
Trees are more important to clean air q m l i g than Powers
1 the sun and the moon 3 two restaurants in this city
2 children and adults 4 two famous people in the world
1 9-7 UNCLEAR COMPARISONS
UNCLEAR
(a) Ann likes her dog better than her husband
CLEAR
(b) Ann likes her dog better than her husband does
(c) Ann l i e s her dog better than she does her husband
Sometimes it is necessary to complete the idea following than in order to make a comparison clear
In (c): does means "likes."