Charts 8-1 + 8-6 Directiom: Add commas, periods, and capital letters as appropriate.. Because Jim was hot he stayed under the shade of the tree but Susan went back to work.. The word "m
Trang 1EXERCISE 20 Adverb clauses wlth BECAUSE (Chart 8-6)
D&ectiom: Add periods, commas, and capital letters as necessary
1 Jimmy is very young because he is afraid of the dark he likes to have a light on in his bedroom at night
+ Jimmy is very young Because he is afraid of the dark, he likes to have a light on in his bedroom at night
2 Mr El-Sayed had a bad cold because he was not feeling well he stayed home from the office
3 Judy went to bed early because she was tired she likes to get at least eight hours of sleep a night ~ ! I ,
4 Frank put his head in his hands he was angry and upset because he had lost a lot of ,,!,?,?~ work on his computer
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EXERCISE 21 BECAUSE and SO (Charts 8-3 and 8-6)
Directions: Create sentences with the same meaning Use commas as appropriate
- 1 Jack lost his job because he never showed up for work on time
+ Jack never showed up for wo* on time, so he lost his job
2 I opened the window because the room was hot
3 Because it was raining, I stayed indoors I s t 1 1
,., 5
PART II Restate the sentence, using because , ,
4 Jason was hungry, so he ate
+ Because Jason was hungry, he ate O R Jason ate because he was hungry
5 The water in the river is polluted, so we can't go swimming ' " I I
.- : ;
6 My watch is broken, so I was late for my job interview
0 EXERCISE 22 Review: conjunctions and adverb clauses (Charts 8-1 + 8-6)
Directiom: Add commas, periods, and capital letters as appropriate Don't change any of
+ Jim was hot H e sat in the shade
5 , Jim was hot and tired so he sat in the shade
Trang 23 Jim was hot tired and thirsty
4 Because he was hot Jim sat in the shade
5 Because they were hot and thirsty Jim and Susan sat in the shade and drank tea
6 Jim and Susan sat in the shade and drank tea because they were hot and thirsty
7 Jim sat in the shade drank tea and fanned himself because he was hot tired and thirsty
8 Because Jim was hot he stayed under the shade of the tree but Susan went back to work
9 Mules are domestic animals they are the offspring of a horse and a donkey mules are
, ,,) called "beasts of burden" because they can work hard and carry heavy loads
10 Because mules are strong they can work under harsh conditions but they need proper care
11 Ann had been looking for an apartment for two weeks yesterday she went to look at a11 apartment on F i Avenue she rented it because it was in good condition and had a nice view of the city she was glad to find a new apartment
12 The word "matter" is a chemical term matter is anything that has weight this book your finger water a rock air and the moon are all examples of matter radio waves and heat are not matter because they do not have weight happiness daydreams and fear have no weight and are not matter
COMPARE
(c) Because I was hungry, I ate
(d) Even though I was hungry, I did not eat
(a) Ewen though I was hungry, I did not eat
I did not eat even though I was hungry
(b) Although I was hungry, I did not eat
I did not eat although I was hungry
Because expresses an expected result
Ewen thoughlalrhough expresses an unexpected or
opposite result
Ewen though and although introduce an adverb clause
(a) and @) have the same meaning They mean:
I was hungry, but I did not ear
Trang 3EXERCISE 23 EVEN THOUGH vs BECAUSE (Chart 8-7)
Directions: Complete the sentences by using ovon though or because
1 f v e ~ +~OIA$I the weather is cold, Rick isn't wearing a coat
2 Becawe the weather is cold, Ben is wearing a coat
9 our friends live on an island, it is easy to get there by car
there is a bridge h m the mainland
EXERCISE 24 EVEN THOUGHJALTHOUGH and BECAUSE (Charts 8-6 and 8-7)
Directions: Choose the best completion
1 Even though ostriches have wings, 1
A their feathers are large
B they are big birds
C they can't fly
2 My brother came to my graduation ceremony although -
A he was sick
' 'L I- B he was eager to see everyone
, L 8 1 bm C he was happy for me
3 Even though I looked in every pocket and every drawer, -
A my keys were under the bed
B my roommate helped me look for my keys
C I never found my keys
Jack hadn't heard or read about the murder wen though -yi 1
, : , A he was the murderer
,; ,% , , , ,
B it was on the h n t page of every newspaper i 1 ! , ,
C he was out of town when it occurred , ~ , ~ ,
5 We can see the light from an airplane high in the sky at night before we hear the plane
lo I, , because -
A light travels faster than sound
B airplanes travel at high speeds
C our eyes work better than our ears at night
Trang 46 Although , he finished the race in first place
A John was full of energy and strength
B John was leading all the way
C John was far behind in the beginning
7 My partner and I worked late into the evening Even though - ,we stopped at our favorite restaurant before we went home
A, we were very hungry
B we had finished our report
C, we were very tired
8 Snakes don't have ears, but they are very sensitive to vibrations that result from noise Snakes can sense the presence of a moving object even though -
A, they have ears
B they feel vibrations
C, they can't hear
9 In mountainous areas, melting snow in the spring runs downhill into streams and rivers The water carries with it sediment, that is, small particles of soil and rock In the spring, mountain rivers become cloudy rather than clear because -
A mountain tops are covered with snow
B the water from melting snow brings sediment to the river
C ice is frozen water
10 Even though it was a hot summer night, we went inside and shut the windows because
-
, I ' , , ! B we were enjoying the cool breeze
C, a storm was coming
EXERCISE 25 EVEN THOUGH vs BECAUSE (Charts 8-6 and 8-7)
Directions: Answer "yes" or "no," as you wish Answer in a complete sentence using either because or own though Change the wording as you wish Only the teacher's book is
Example: Last night you were tired Did you go to bed early?
+ Es, I went w bed early because I was tired OR
Es, because I was tired, I went w bed before nine O R
No, I didn't go w bed early men though I was really sleepy OR
No, even though I was really tired, I didn't go to bed until after midnight
1 Last night you were tired Did you stay up late?
2 You are thiity Do you want (a glass of water)?
3 You're hungry Do you want (a candy bar)?
4 Vegetables are good for you Do you eat a lot of them?
5 Space exploration is exciting Would you like to be an astronaut?
Trang 56 Guns are dangerous Do you want to own one?
7 (A local restaumnt) is expensivelinexpensive Do you eat there?
8 (A local delicacy) islare expensive Do you buy i t h e m ?
9 The (name o f a local) river islisn't polluted Do you want to swim in it?
10 Who (in this room) can't swim? Do you want to go to (the beacidthe swimming pool) with ( ) and me this afternoon?
1 1 Who loves to go swimming? Do you want to go to (the beachithe swimming pool)
12 What are the winters like here? Do you l i e living here in winter?
13 ( A recent movie) has had good reviews Do you want to see it?
14 Are you a good artist? Do you want to draw a picture of me on the board?
15 Where does your family live? Are you going to go there (over the next holiday)?
EXERCISE 26 EVEN THOUGH and BECAUSE (Chart 8-7)
Directions: Complete the sentences with your own words Pay attention to proper
punctuation
1 I like our classroom even though 5 Because we , we
2 I like my home because 6 Even though , we
3 even though I don't 7 Even though , because
EXERCISE 27 Error analysis (Charts 8-1 - 8-7)
Directions: Correct the errors in these sentences Pay special attention to punctuation
1 Even though I was sick, but I went to work
+ Even though I was sick, I went to work
+ I was sick, but I went m work
,:?rIw, 3 2 Gold silver and copper They are metals
3 The students crowded around the bulletin board Because their grades were posted there
4 I had a cup of coffee, and so does my friend
5 My roommate didn't go Neither I went either
6 Even I am very exhausted, I didn't stop working until after midnight last night
7 The teacher went too the meeting, and too of the students did to
8 Although I like chocolate, but I can't eat it because I'm allergic tq it , ,
Trang 69 Many tourists visit my country Warm weather all year Many interesting landmarks
10 Because the weather in my country is warm and comfortable all year so many tourists 'r ,' 1
visit it in the winter
' I I , , ( 8 -
11 I like to eat raw eggs for breakfast and everybody else in my family too
I 12 A hardware store sells tools and nails and plumbing supplies and paint and etc.*
13 Because the war broke out in late September we had to cancel our October trip even though we already had out passports visas airplane tickets and hotel reservations
,I , l , , '
> 14 Many of us experience stress on our jobs my job is stressful because my workplace is
' m y boss is unhappy with my work and always gives me bad performance reports I need to find another job
15 I like animals I have a little dog at home her name is Linda she is brown and white
EXERCISE 28 Punctuating with commas and periods (Chapter 8)
Directions: Add commas, periods, and capital letters as necessary (There are four adverb clauses in the following passage Can you find and underline them?)
(1) What is the most common substance on earth? I fi isn't wood, iron, or sand
T f i e most common substance on earth is water it occupies more than seventy
percent of the earth's surface it is in lakes rivers and oceans it is in the ground and in the air it is practically everywhere
*Etc is an abbrrviation of the Ladn et cetem It means "and other things of a similar nature:' The word and is NOT
uaed in front of etc
Also, mace the spelling: r z , NOT ccr
Trang 7(2) Water is vital because life on earth could not exist without it people animals and plants all need water in order to exist every living thing is mostly water a person's body
is about sixty-seven percent water a bird is about seventy-five percent water most h i t
is about ninety percent water
(3) Most of the water in the world is saltwater ninety-seven percent of the water on
earth is in the oceans because seawater is salty people cannot drink it or use it to grow plants for food only three percent of the earth's water is fresh only one percent of the water in the world is easily available for human use
(4) Even though water is essential to life human beings often poison it with chemicals
li,
from industry and agriculture when people foul water with pollution the quality of all
.,i ,; life-plant life animal life and human life-diminishes life cannot exist without fresh
f ' ,, ,_,water so it is essential for people to take care of this important natural resource
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