A business process can be defined as a continu- ous, long-term process and in this process can increase or decrease the assets and capital of the business or organization.. 1.1.2 The imp
BUSINESSPROCESS
Business Process 2
In today's era of industrialization and modernization, the term "Business Process" has become widely recognized A business process is defined as a continuous and long-term series of activities that can impact the assets and capital of an organization These activities can be categorized into various processes to fulfill the information needs for effective business management across different departments The specific business processes of an organization are largely influenced by its unique characteristics and the industry in which it operates.
Various types of transformations exist, including physical, location, transactional, and informational transformations Utilizing Vgsales data, we perform information transformation by converting accounting data into comprehensive financial statements.
There are 3 business processes in the business process:
The supply process: Purchasing inputs such as raw materials, labor, labor re- sources,
The manufacturing process: Input factors combine to create values, create prod- ucts, to meet the needs of society, customers
The sales process: Selling and exchanging products to the market to recover capital and generate profits
1.1.2 The important of business process (Bhadana, 2021)
Business processes are very important in the proper functioning of an organization
A well-planned and strategic business process will bring businesses the following benefits:
A business process that reduces costs and risks by providing the most efficient ways to do the job considering potential future deficiencies
Distributing the right tasks to each person's role, reducing fundamental errors
Enhance a department's productivity by coming up with moves and steps that work best for the business
The business process continuously updates the company on customer expectations and reviews of its products and services
It bridges the communication gap between the company and the customer through reviews, surveys, and market research to come up with the best approach for the client
Improve time efficiency by developing strategies and flowcharts to reduce the time spent on redundant activities, helping businesses get things done faster
Business processes are continuously evolving, and companies leverage new technologies to enhance their operations By integrating the latest advancements, businesses can improve their processes and increase overall value.
Effective business processes not only facilitate company growth but also increase its overall value Conversely, failing to adhere to these established methods can lead to significant challenges for the organization.
Companies that neglect their established business processes may struggle to identify the factors hindering their success, largely due to management's failure to implement standardized procedures.
Ineffective business processes can lead to employees being placed in roles for which they lack sufficient expertise, ultimately hindering the company's growth and competitiveness in the market.
The company will repeat the same mistakes over and over because there is no sys- tem to recognize the problem and make changes in the process
If the company does not have a clear and appropriate diagram and workflow, the jobs will take longer than usual, consuming the company's time but not bringing much efficiency
Effective business processes are essential for a company's success, as they directly impact efficiency and productivity Without well-defined procedures, a company may struggle to compete with others that have optimized their operations By outlining clear steps and methods for task completion, business processes enhance overall performance and drive better results.
H1 High risk and increased spending:
Companies that do not have adequate business processes often do not see the risks and they cannot figure out how to manage the costs to carry out the tasks.
Business process example
Below I will give an example of a business process and explain it Customer's shop- ping process on shopee.
O Flowchart of customer buying activities:
Figure 2 Flowchart of customer buying activities
O Explain the customer buying activity flow chart:
The flowchart illustrates the business process of the widely used application, Shopee, highlighting customer order activities This article will provide an explanation of these key processes.
To buy products on the app, customers need to log in first If they don't have an account, they must register before logging in, as a valid login is required to access the purchasing service.
Customers begin by searching for their desired products using the app's navbar Once they find the items they want, they can select the quantity for each product If purchasing multiple items from the same shop, customers can conveniently choose all desired products at once, allowing them to save on shipping and packaging costs To proceed with the purchase, customers simply click the "add to cart" button; otherwise, they can cancel the order, concluding the transaction.
Customers must select a payment method for their purchased product, with two options available for payment upon receipt, allowing them to pay the shipper directly when the goods are delivered Alternatively, customers can choose to pay through the app's payment software for a more direct transaction Once the payment method is selected, customers will specify the delivery location to ensure accurate shipping After completing these steps, customers can finalize and submit their order.
Once the order is successfully submitted, the shipper will contact the customer within a few days to arrange the pickup of goods at the specified address Upon receiving the items, customers are encouraged to provide feedback about the product and the shop, which aids in assessing product quality and shop reputation The purchasing process concludes after the feedback is submitted.
Business data is sourced from various platforms, including ERP, SCM, CRM, and social networks, resulting in diverse structures This data can be categorized into three main types.
Unstructured data Semi- structured data Structured data
The data management process involves the systematic collection, validation, storage, and processing of information pertinent to a business or organization This data serves essential functions, such as managing customer information, and can also be gathered specifically to support business growth initiatives.
Unstructured data refers to information that is not organized in a predefined manner, making it distinct from structured data A significant portion of global data consists of unstructured data, which cannot be easily stored in traditional row and column databases and lacks a defined data model.
Unstructured data is expanding at a rapid pace, with estimates suggesting that 80%-90% of company data consists of unstructured and numerical information This growth encompasses various forms of unstructured data, including images, videos, audio files, text documents, social media content, satellite imagery, presentations, PDF files, open-ended survey responses, websites, and recordings from customer support calls.
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In addition to structured and unstructured data, there exists a hybrid data type that combines elements of both This type exhibits identifiable homogeneity but lacks a clear structure, making it less suitable for traditional relational databases.
Unstructured data encompasses various formats including email, CSV, XML, JSON documents, NoSQL databases, HTML, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), and RDF A notable example is email, where the main content is unstructured, yet it contains structured data such as the sender's and recipient's names, addresses, and the timestamp of when it was sent.
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Structured data refers to information that has been organized into a normalized format within a database, making it easy to find, process, and sort Typically arranged in rows and columns, structured data allows for elements to be linked through predefined fields, adhering to a data model established by the database designer Utilizing a SQL Server database management system for storing this data is advantageous due to its clarity, ease of searching, processing, and sorting, resulting in data that is concise and easily comprehensible.
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ReceiptD Date SelieriD SellefName CustomerID CustomerName CustomerPhone QuantitySold Price TotalPrice
Vào ngày 1 tháng 10 năm 2020, Nguyễn Văn Anh đã thực hiện hai giao dịch với Nguyễn Văn Tuấn, tổng giá trị lần lượt là 75.000 và 30.000 Cùng ngày, Trần Thanh Bình giao dịch với Trần Công Nhật, với tổng giá trị 60.000 Ngày 2 tháng 10, Nguyễn Văn Anh tiếp tục giao dịch với Lê Nhật Đăng, tổng giá trị 30.000 và 10.000 Cũng trong ngày này, Lê Cẩm Tú đã thực hiện một giao dịch với Hồ Thị Lai trị giá 20.000 Ngày 3 tháng 10, Nguyễn Thị Dung giao dịch với Hoàng Thị Thu, tổng giá trị 45.000 và 120.000 Trần Thanh Bình cũng thực hiện giao dịch với Nguyễn Thanh Long trị giá 90.000 Cuối cùng, vào ngày 4 tháng 10, Trần Thanh Bình giao dịch với Bùi Văn Trung, tổng giá trị 75.000.
Figure 5 Structured Data 1.1.4.4 Differentiate between unstructured and semi-structured
Table 1 Differences between Semi-structured and Unstructured data
Properties Semi-structured data Unstructured data
It is based on XML/RDF (Resource It is based on character and binary
Transaction Transaction adapted from immature INo transaction management, no management DBMS concurrency
Version control for tuples or graphs offers enhanced overall versioning management This approach provides greater flexibility compared to structured data, although it is not as adaptable as unstructured data patterns.
" Its extension is simpler than It is more scalable
Scalability structured data Robustness New technology, not very popular
Query Can query anonymous nodes Only text query performance
Overview of Supporting Process 10
Coordinating the development and life cycle of business activities is essential for optimizing organizational processes These cross-functional processes facilitate goal achievement across various project areas, ultimately driving profitability for the company.
Objectives of supporting processes
The activities in the support process are designed to achieve the goal of supporting other processes to perform specific functions The following are the main goals (Anon., 2015):
Define all the information that needs to be recorded for process life cycle activities Combine activities to define, control, and statistically evaluate configuration and version management
Define activities to objectively ensure that software products meet specific requirements and comply with established plans
Designate activities (for buyers, suppliers, or independent organizations) to test software products and services
Define activities (independent of the customer, supplier, or organization) to verify the software deliverables of the software project
In the technical and administrative aspects of peer review, they will check the condi- tion of the products produced and the activities carried out
To ensure adherence to requirements, plans, and contracts, it's essential to outline specific activities for compliance evaluation This process allows either party to assess the other's product or activity, facilitating a thorough review and ensuring accountability.
Specify the process for analyzing and eliminating (resolving) problems (including dis- agreements) found in development, operation, maintenance, and other processes, regard- less of their nature or origin.
Business software is designed to facilitate various business operations, enhancing productivity and enabling accurate performance measurement This type of software specifically aids organizations in achieving their goals by supporting relevant principles and functions essential for effective business management.
1.3.1 Advantage of Business Application software
In today's world, it's impossible to achieve business without Business Software Applications Top benefits of business application software include (thouser4, 2013):
Business Application Software or business software configured during a way which will help any business increase profits, improve performance, and reduce costs
The Business Software application is user-friendly and designed for anyone, requiring no training or instructions for effective use Users can navigate the software effortlessly, ensuring a hassle-free experience.
Ol Save money and time:
Utilizing business applications allows you to efficiently complete tasks without the need for costly servers Manual processes often increase the likelihood of errors, making Enterprise Application Software a valuable solution for saving both time and money.
Business Software Applications also are wont to measure business productivity Therefore, there's no got to appoint additional people to perform this task This way, you'll benefit financially
1.3.2 Disadvantages of Business Application software
As is that the case with all such problems, there are certainly some downsides to programming So Business Software Applications even have limitations Here are the disadvantages (Anon., n.d.):
Developing application programming tailored for specific purposes can be financially burdensome for developers, impacting their budgets and revenue, particularly if they invest excessive time in creating a product that may not yield sufficient returns.
Some programs are clearly structured for a specific venture, which can not be nearly as good as other established programs It can become a big obstacle for a few organizations
Application design can take tons of your time, because it needs consistent correspondence between engineer and customer This delays the whole creative process, which may sometimes be destructive
Programming applications that are used frequently by many individuals, then shared on the online, convey the undeniable danger of contamination by infected PCs or various malicious projects.
2.1 Types of support available for business decision-making at varying levels
The three levels at which support types such as information systems support business decision-making are given as follows:
Long term Strategic decisions level
Operational level oy o day operation
Strategic decisions are made by senior management to define the long-term goals of a business and create an overarching plan to achieve them, focusing on essential business functions rather than daily operations In contrast, tactical decisions, made by middle management, support these strategic goals by developing departmental plans, structuring workflows, establishing distribution channels, and acquiring necessary resources such as personnel, materials, and finances.
Operational decisions are essential for managing daily business activities, as companies encounter numerous choices that must be made each day to ensure smooth operations.
The pyramid model that has been used to classify information systems is considered an old and widely used model The following is the pyramid model details:
Management Information System Semi structured
Figure 7 Pyramid Models 2.2 Information technologies at Operational, Tactical and Strategic level
A Transaction Processing System (TPS) is a critical business system that supports an organization's operational level by executing and recording daily transactions essential for conducting business Typically utilized by staff and management, TPS operates with predefined and structured tasks, resources, and objectives, ensuring efficient transaction management.
A Management Information System (MIS) is a specialized type of information system designed to support management-level functions within an organization It provides managers with essential reports and real-time online access to both current performance metrics and historical data, facilitating informed decision-making and efficient management.
Transaction Processing System data provided by these frameworks are within the sort of predefined reports and diagrams to assist with business findings
Management Information Systems (MIS) provide a summary and reporting of key corporate activities, utilizing underlying transaction data from Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) This data is often condensed and presented in detailed reports that are generated on a regular schedule.
A Decision Support System (DSS) is essential for organizational management, aiding managers in making unique and rapidly changing decisions that cannot be easily predetermined These systems address complex problems where the path to a solution is not fully defined While DSSs utilize data from Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) and Management Information Systems (MIS), they also incorporate external information, such as current stock prices and competitors' product pricing.
Executive Information System serves the strategic level of the organization They affect non-procedural decisions that need judgment, judgment, and insight because there's no uniform procedure for arising solutions
ESSs, or Executive Support Systems, are tailored to integrate data on external events such as new tax regulations and competitor activities while also extracting summarized information from internal Management Information Systems (MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS) These systems effectively filter and compress vital data, presenting the most critical insights to senior management By facilitating research into the operational environment, identifying long-term trends, and aiding in the development of suitable strategies, ESSs play a crucial role in supporting top-level administrators and directors.
2.3 Features of business intelligence functionality
Analysis: Business intelligence solutions analyze raw data through seasonal analy- sis, trends, if scenarios occur, modeling using different data modeling techniques and similar functions
The solution offers a robust reporting feature that enables users to generate detailed reports for a thorough analysis of business data Business users have the flexibility to create, view, and edit reports and visualizations both online and offline, and can also integrate these functionalities with other office applications.
Real-time monitoring: Business intelligence solutions provide tools for real-time analysis of up to a second operational data, enabling companies to make quick and wise decisions
Dashboard: The dashboard provided by this solution helps companies track, meas- ure, and manage business performance in a very fast and manageable manner
Scorecard: Business intelligence solutions provide industry-standard scorecards that enable companies to measure key performance indicators
Collaborative Business Intelligence: Business intelligence solutions provide the ability to collaborate and share information with various stakeholders inside and outside the organization
Mobile Business Intelligence: The functions provided by business intelligence so- lutions can provide the same information as reports, dashboards, and monitoring in mobile devices
Business intelligence solutions offer sophisticated visualization and analysis capabilities, enabling real-time data representation in various formats and methods while also incorporating enhanced features for improved insights.
A motel owner leverages Business Intelligence (BI) analytics applications to collect essential statistical data on occupancy rates and average room pricing, enabling an assessment of total revenue generated per room Additionally, these applications gather market share statistics and customer survey data from various hotels, allowing the owner to analyze their competitive standing across different markets.
By analyzing these trends year-by-year, month-by-month and day-by-day helps man- agement reduce room rental rates
2.4 Compare the tools and technologies associated with BI functionality
Disadvantages of Business Application software
As is that the case with all such problems, there are certainly some downsides to programming So Business Software Applications even have limitations Here are the disadvantages (Anon., n.d.):
Developing application programming tailored for specific purposes can be financially burdensome for designers, impacting their budgets and income This is particularly true if they invest excessive time in creating a product that may not yield significant returns.
Some programs are clearly structured for a specific venture, which can not be nearly as good as other established programs It can become a big obstacle for a few organizations
Application design can take tons of your time, because it needs consistent correspondence between engineer and customer This delays the whole creative process, which may sometimes be destructive
Programming applications that are used frequently by many individuals, then shared on the online, convey the undeniable danger of contamination by infected PCs or various malicious projects.
DECISION SUPPORT PROCESS
2.1 Types of support available for business decision-making at varying levels
The three levels at which support types such as information systems support business decision-making are given as follows:
Long term Strategic decisions level
Operational level oy o day operation
Strategic decisions are made by senior management to define the long-term goals of a business and create an overarching plan to achieve them, focusing on essential business functions rather than daily operations In contrast, tactical decisions, made by middle management, are closely linked to these strategic choices and involve developing departmental plans, structuring workflows, establishing distribution channels, and acquiring necessary resources such as personnel, materials, and finances.
Operational decisions are critical for managing daily business activities, as companies encounter numerous choices that must be made each day to ensure smooth operations.
The pyramid model that has been used to classify information systems is considered an old and widely used model The following is the pyramid model details:
Management Information System Semi structured
Figure 7 Pyramid Models 2.2 Information technologies at Operational, Tactical and Strategic level
A Transaction Processing System (TPS) is a crucial computerized framework that manages and documents daily business transactions at the operational level of an organization Typically utilized by staff or management, a TPS ensures that tasks, resources, and objectives are clearly defined and systematically organized, facilitating efficient business operations.
A Management Information System (MIS) is a specialized type of information system designed to support management-level functions within an organization It provides managers with essential reports and real-time online access to both current performance metrics and historical data, ensuring that decision-makers have the information they need to effectively oversee operations.
Transaction Processing System data provided by these frameworks are within the sort of predefined reports and diagrams to assist with business findings
Management Information Systems (MIS) play a crucial role in summarizing and reporting key corporate activities They distill underlying transaction data from Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) into concise, regularly scheduled reports, which can often be extensive.
A Decision Support System (DSS) aids organizational management by facilitating decision-making in unique and rapidly changing situations where outcomes are not easily predicted By integrating data from Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) and Management Information Systems (MIS), DSSs also incorporate external information, such as current stock prices and competitor pricing, to support effective problem-solving.
Executive Information System serves the strategic level of the organization They affect non-procedural decisions that need judgment, judgment, and insight because there's no uniform procedure for arising solutions
Enterprise Support Systems (ESS) aggregate data on external events, such as new tax regulations and competitor activities, while also synthesizing key information from internal Management Information Systems (MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS) By filtering and compressing this data, ESS highlight critical insights for senior managers, enabling top-level executives to analyze the operational environment, identify long-term trends, and formulate effective strategies.
2.3 Features of business intelligence functionality
Analysis: Business intelligence solutions analyze raw data through seasonal analy- sis, trends, if scenarios occur, modeling using different data modeling techniques and similar functions
The solution offers a robust reporting feature that enables users to generate detailed reports for a thorough analysis of business data Business users can easily create, view, and edit reports and visualizations both online and offline, while also integrating with other office applications.
Real-time monitoring: Business intelligence solutions provide tools for real-time analysis of up to a second operational data, enabling companies to make quick and wise decisions
Dashboard: The dashboard provided by this solution helps companies track, meas- ure, and manage business performance in a very fast and manageable manner
Scorecard: Business intelligence solutions provide industry-standard scorecards that enable companies to measure key performance indicators
Collaborative Business Intelligence: Business intelligence solutions provide the ability to collaborate and share information with various stakeholders inside and outside the organization
Mobile Business Intelligence: The functions provided by business intelligence so- lutions can provide the same information as reports, dashboards, and monitoring in mobile devices
Business intelligence solutions offer advanced visualization and analysis capabilities, enabling real-time data visualization through various methods and formats while incorporating enhanced features for improved insights.
A motel owner leverages Business Intelligence analytics applications to analyze occupancy rates and average room prices, enabling the calculation of total revenue per room Additionally, these tools gather market share data and customer survey insights from various hotels, allowing the owner to assess their competitive standing across different markets.
By analyzing these trends year-by-year, month-by-month and day-by-day helps man- agement reduce room rental rates
2.4 Compare the tools and technologies associated with BI functionality
Business intelligence is a critical process that analyzes data to enhance organizational performance and monitor competitors, enabling executives, managers, and employees to make informed decisions As companies increasingly prioritize high-quality decision-making, they are investing in business intelligence systems These systems influence strategic, tactical, and operational decisions, helping organizations reduce costs, streamline inefficient processes, and uncover new growth opportunities Key applications of business intelligence include customer relationship management, enterprise systems, and supply chain management.
These tools give you the insights you need to achieve things like growth, solve pressing problems, collect all your data in one place, forecast future results, and more
Table 2 Comparison of business intelligence functionality's tools and technologies
Spreadsheets Web-based spreadsheets, Microsoft excel
Data mining Data mining techniques are used to analyze large data sets to predict future outcomes
Online analytical pro- OLAP is a type of computing that enables users to extract and filter cessing (OLAP) data to perform various business intelligence calculations
Digital dashboards A digital dashboard is an interface that provides a snapshot of key performance indicators and business analysis
Business performance Performance management is the process of setting goals and management monitoring the various methods used to reach those goals
Process mining is a data science discipline that analyzes event data to uncover patterns within event logs, ultimately enabling the development of actionable insights based on these findings.
Reporting Open software used to sort, query, report and present organizational data Data visualization Assist for visual analysis of data in minutes to do significant insights
These tools and technologies coordinate with Business information systems such as
Transaction Information Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS), Decision Support Systems (DSS), Executive Information Systems (EIS), and Office Automation Systems (OAS) are essential tools designed to fulfill the unique requirements of both individuals and employees in an organization.
The Business Intelligence tool is very flexible and gives you a lot of useful information about how your business is performing and where it is
SAP Business Objects is a robust business intelligence software that provides extensive reporting, analysis, and interactive data visualization capabilities It emphasizes key areas such as Customer Experience, CRM, digital supply chain, and ERP One of its standout features is the self-service role-based dashboard, enabling users to create personalized dashboards and applications This powerful software caters to various roles and offers a wealth of functionality within a single platform.
Quantity Sold Sales Re Marit x
Figure 8 SAP Business Objects O_ Tableau:
Tableau may be a Business Intelligence tool that focuses on data exploration and data visualization With the software, you'll easily analyze, visualize and share data without
Tableau facilitates seamless IT intervention by integrating with various data sources, including MS Excel, Oracle, MS SQL, Google Analytics, and SalesForce This powerful tool provides users with access to intuitive and visually appealing dashboards that enhance data analysis and decision-making.