Skkn cấp tỉnh the application of sketchnoting as a technique to develop speaking competence for thestudents at dien chau 3 high school

NGHE AN DEPARTMENT OF TRAINING AND EDUCATION --- * * * --- TEACHING EXPERIENCE Topic: “THE APPLICATION OF SKETCHNOTING AS A TECHNIQUE TO DEVELOP SPEAKING COMPETENCE FOR THESTUDENTS

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the study

In today's globalized educational landscape, effective speaking skills are essential for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners Mastering English speaking not only enhances their language acquisition but also provides significant advantages in their future careers Learners recognize that speaking plays a crucial role in articulating their thoughts and opinions, ultimately contributing to their overall language proficiency.

Effective communication is essential in language learning, yet many students struggle with speaking due to fear of mistakes, shyness, and lack of engagement To enhance their speaking skills, students should immerse themselves in the language by listening to music, watching movies, and practicing with native speakers Speaking is often regarded as the most challenging language skill, primarily because traditional assessments focus on grammar rather than practical usage Additionally, limited time and effort dedicated to speaking instruction contribute to the unsatisfactory performance of Vietnamese high school students, whose low results stem from insufficient background knowledge and language competence.

Many learners excel in structured exercises but struggle with communication To enhance visual communication, critical thinking, and creative confidence in English learning, sketchnoting offers an innovative approach This brain-based note-taking technique leverages our natural visual processing abilities, making it effective for vocabulary acquisition, comprehension, and retention By fostering engagement and focus, sketchnoting significantly improves memory and helps students better remember information.

Recognizing the significant advantages of sketchnoting in enhancing English language education, particularly in speaking skills, we, the English teachers at Dien Chau 3 High School, are committed to improving our students' speaking abilities To achieve this goal, we have chosen to explore the topic "The Application of Sketchnoting as a Technique to Develop Speaking Competence for Students at Dien Chau 3 High School" as our research focus.

Aims of thestudy

The study is aimed at:

- Encouraging students’ creativity and visual thinking and learning through sketchnoting;

- Providing opportunities for students to practice speaking English;

- Enhancing speaking competence for thestudents at High Schools

We aim to enhance English language learning for high school students by introducing innovative teaching methods that highlight their benefits, fostering positive changes in contemporary educational trends and boosting student motivation.

Scope of thestudy

This study investigates the challenges students face in developing their speaking skills, emphasizing the use of sketchnoting activities to enhance these abilities By incorporating innovative methods, the experiment aims to motivate students and foster positive communication, confidence, and collaboration among peers.

The research was conducted during the 2022-2023 school year at Dien Chau 3 High School, focusing on class 11A2 and including pedagogical experiments with classes 11A1, 10A3, and 10A4 These classes were selected as participants for the study at the start of the 2023-2024 school year in Nghe An Province.

Methods of the study

This study explores the effectiveness of sketchnoting as a technique to enhance speaking competence among students at Dien Chau 3 High School Initially, the sketchnoting method is introduced to familiarize students with this innovative practice Following this, various questioning strategies are employed to assess students' understanding and speaking skills.

The study is divided into three parts as follow:

Introduction presents the basic information including rationale, aims, scope, and the organization of the study

This section presents the theoretical foundation of speaking skills, defining sketchnoting and exploring relevant approaches It includes a survey aimed at assessing the impact of sketchnotes on enhancing students' speaking abilities, with data analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively Additionally, it emphasizes students' attitudes toward sketchnoting and illustrates its application in speaking lessons from the textbooks Tieng Anh 10 and Tieng Anh 11 (Global Success).

In conclusion, this section summarizes the key findings of the study and offers recommendations for enhancing the teaching of speaking skills through sketchnoting Part 3 provides comprehensive answers to the research questions, encapsulating the overall conclusions drawn from the study.

CONTENTS OFTHESTUDY

Theoretical and Practical Thesis

Sketchnoting, or visual note-taking, is an effective technique that combines text and illustrations to capture and convey information This method enhances understanding and retention by integrating drawings with written notes, making it a valuable tool for learners and professionals alike.

The core idea of sketchnoting is to condense complex ideas or concepts into simple, visually appealing sketches, icons, and text, making it easier to understand and remember information

Sketchnotes are valuable tools utilized in meetings, lectures, presentations, and while reading, as they aid in synthesizing information, enhancing retention, and facilitating effective communication of ideas.

1.2 Benefits of Using Sketchnoting in Teaching Speaking:

Applying sketchnoting as a technique to develop speaking competence for EFL students can be a creative and effective approach with thebenefits:

Encouraging students to actively engage with their learning material through the creation of visual representations can significantly boost their interest in the subject and enhance their motivation to discuss it.

Encouraging critical thinking in students is essential as they decide what to emphasize in their sketchnotes and how to visually represent the information This process fosters deeper engagement with the content, allowing for a more profound understanding and analysis of the material.

Boosting students' confidence in speaking English can be achieved by allowing them to use their own visual notes during spoken activities This approach helps reduce anxiety related to forgetting words or phrases, ultimately enhancing their overall speaking skills.

Creativity and Imagination: Fostering creativity and imagination by allowing students to express their thoughts in artistic way, which can make speaking practice more enjoyable

Language Proficiency: Developing language proficiency of vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure, which are essential in the process of teaching speaking

There are many ways to create layouts in sketchnotes Below are the basic ones

This is the most common type of layout in sketchnotes The content will be displayed sequentially from left to right, from top to bottom

The Put In Order layout is highly effective for limited drawing spaces, such as a single A5 page in a spring notebook This sequential arrangement facilitates the use of multiple pages for jotting down ideas while ensuring easy readability, resembling the standard structure of a book.

Imagine a bicycle wheel, where the hub is at the center and spokes extend outward Similarly, our sketchnote will feature the main idea at its core, with supporting concepts radiating around it, much like the spokes of a wheel.

This layout allows for the flexible addition of information at any connection point of the beam However, an overload of small ideas and connecting lines can lead to confusion, making the sketchnote difficult to follow due to its lack of organization.

You can start from the middle of the page or a corner of the page As long as the main content stands out

Small ideas should be numbered and in order to make it easier to follow

This sketchnote layout allows for a flexible information pathway, which can take various forms such as horizontal, vertical, diagonal, or even creative shapes like Z, C, or W The design possibilities are limitless and rely solely on your imagination.

The road layout is ideal for narrating events or processes in a sequential manner To effectively present information, it is essential to outline the key milestones, ensuring that the content is organized and visually appealing for the reader.

The popcorn layout is the same, completely improvised, without any framework This layout focuses on recording information rather than where to place it

The Popcorn layout is especially useful when you need to focus on gathering ideas without worrying too much about where to write them

Writing is used throughout the sketchnote, combined with images to make the sketchnote more vivid and easier to understand

Let's start with the most basic types:

Utilizing single strokes in sketchnotes enhances clarity and highlights key points effectively This technique not only maintains a tidy appearance but also allows for quick and easy creation of single-line letters, making it an efficient choice for emphasizing important content.

Confidently draw letters Do not rush Relax and let the words appear on the page naturally

By drawing two or three parallel lines, you can create a bold typeface, which is very useful for writing the main title of a sketchnote Follow these steps:

Add a stroke outside the single stroke (or add 2 outer strokes if you want the text to be bolder)

To create bold letters, start by framing each letter with a thin line Next, use a pen or colored pencil to fill in the blank spaces If you choose to use color, it's best to first outline the letter with a pencil.

Try creating a 3D effect by shading the text with a light, bright color The simplest type of shading is to cast shadows down and to the right

Creative handwriting is a way to make sketchnotes more lively and interesting This is also an opportunity for you to express your own personality

This is the first and most important step The title needs to meet the following criteria: Short - Concise - Easy to remember

After you have chosen the title, you also need to determine the content you intend to present The following questions will help you

How many ideas does the presentation include?

Briefly write down those ideas

After choosing the title, try writing it in a bold or creative font, then draw a frame around it to make it stand out the most

The next step, you need to determine what the context for this sketchnoting is to have a reasonable presentation Will you use it for notes, presentations, or reports?

After determining the Title, Main Content and Context for the sketchnote, choose a suitable layout

The simplest layout is Put In Order

If the content is related to timelines, choose the Path layout

Mindmap layout with one main idea in the middle and developing many sub-ideas with arrows

Popcorn layout – Popcorn gives equivalent ideas and does not matter in order or position

Step 4: Select icon – imagine library set

This is an important step to help you express your drawings easily

Reread the content you want to present, then choose the appropriate symbol for the ideas Don't forget to apply the tips in drawing Simple icons

Draw with single, seamless strokes

Drawing is simple – Ideas Not Art

Adding a little color will make your sketchnotes more prominent and lively

When creating a sketchnote, it's essential to select between one to three primary colors to maintain clarity and avoid confusion Utilizing too many colors can detract from the overall effectiveness of the sketchnote For instance, the Kid Dinosaur Sketchnote Notebook effectively employs a color palette of yellow, blue, and black as its main colors.

Some effective color combinations for sketchnotes include Orange paired with Black, Yellow with Black, or various shades of the same color For inspiration and to discover the most suitable colors for your sketchnote illustrations, you can explore the trending palettes at [Coolors](https://coolors.co/palettes/trending).

In sketchnotes, you don't necessarily have to color all your work Color should be used to create highlights, points to emphasize, etc

Everything in the world is made up of 6 basic shapes:

Dots – Straight line – Curve – Square – Circle – Triangle

Creating effective sketchnotes involves combining text and visuals to capture and convey information in a visually engaging way Here are some techniques to help you create successful sketchnotes:

Choose a Focus: Determine the main topic or key points you want to capture in your sketchnotes Having a clear focus will help you organize your sketchnotes effectively

Use Visual Hierarchy: Prioritize information by using visual hierarchy Important concepts or key points should be emphasized with larger text, bold fonts, or eye- catching visuals

Create a Visual Structure: Establish a layout for your sketchnotes You can use a grid, columns, or sections to organize your content This helps in maintaining a logical flow

Incorporate simple icons and symbols into your sketchnotes to effectively represent common ideas and concepts These visual elements are not only quick and easy to draw but also enhance the overall visual appeal of your notes.

Doodles and Illustrations: Incorporate relevant drawings or illustrations to visually explain ideas These can be as simple or complex as you like, depending on your artistic skills

Color Coding: Use colors purposefully to differentiate sections or highlight important information Color coding can also make your sketchnotes more visually appealing

Connect Ideas: Use lines, arrows, and connectors to show relationships between different concepts or ideas This helps in clarifying how various pieces of information are related

Typography: Experiment with fonts and lettering styles to make your text stand out Varying fonts can add emphasis and visual interest

Whitespace: Be mindful of whitespace Don't clutter your sketchnotes with too much information or visuals Leave some space to make your sketchnotes more readable and less overwhelming

Practice Consistency: Maintain consistency in your sketchnotes' style and elements throughout This consistency makes your sketchnotes more coherent and easier to follow

Simplify and Summarize: Focus on capturing the essence of information

Simplify complex ideas into concise visual representations

Stay Engaged: Pay attention to the content being presented, whether it's a lecture, meeting, or book Actively listen and engage with the material to capture the most important points

Iterate and Improve: Don't worry if your initial sketchnotes aren't perfect Like any skill, sketchnoting improves with practice Review your sketchnotes and look for ways to refine your techniques

The Application of Sketchnoting in Teaching Speaking

The Application of Sketchnoting to Develop Speaking Competence

When applying sketchnoting as an experimental technique to develop speaking competences forstudents at Dien Chau 3 high school, I have conducted the measure with the experimental steps:

- Give instructions to students so that they can take part in making sketchnoting products (See Appendix 2)

The purpose of the lesson is to help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to tell the reasons why children should or shouldn’t do housework

- Recognize the importance of the household chores for children

Through sketchnoting, students can develop skills: Presentation, communication, critical thinking, mutual understanding

Step 3: Make a preparation forthe speaking lesson with a perfect sketchnote

Perfect a sketchnote including the title and content, layouts, icons or symbol of the ideas, lettering and colors

Encourage students to present their sketchnotes to the class, allowing them to share their creativity and insights This activity not only fosters collaboration but also enhances their English speaking skills, leading to more effective presentations.

- Reviewthe sketchnotein front of class and ensure that it represents the ideas and concepts effectively Refine necessity to make it more concise and understandable

Step 5: Provide the feedback and assessments

- Encourage the representative to reflect on their sketchnoting and speaking competence, identifying strengths and limitations Then get feedback from the other students

- Provide constructive ideas on both the sketchnotes and the speaking performance and then assess students' speaking competence based on the rubric (Grammar, Comprehension, Fluency, Pronunciation and Vocabulary)

2.Applyingsketchnoting to developspeaking competence for thestudents at Dien Chau 3 High School

2.1 Suggested activities adapted for speaking lessons in Tieng Anh 10 (Global Success)

Sample 1: UNIT 1- FAMILY LIFE– SPEAKING

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to support the activities of speaking ability aboutthe reasons why children should or shouldn’t do housework

By the end of this lesson, Ss will be able to:

- Explain why children should or shouldn’t do housework;

- Discuss and express their ideas and opinions about why children should or shouldn’t do the housework

- Be collaborative and supportive in pair work and team work;

- Actively join in class activities;

- Recognize the benefits of doing housework for children;

- Understand why children should or shouldn’t do housework;

Teacher:Set the assignment for groups’ students to prepare the work at home before going to school

Students: - Study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: Household Chores

- Provide students with the video about sketchnoting so that they understand its definitionand develop speaking competence through the sketchnote https://youtu.be/7zFW2JG9V2g (see appendix 1)

- Divide the work of preparation in their group;

- Make the sketchnote using the ideas shared and discussed in small groups;

- Take their production to the class and share their presentation;

Encourage students to seek constructive feedback on their sketchnotes and speaking performance, fostering a culture of reflection By identifying strengths and areas for improvement, students can enhance their sketchnoting and speaking skills, leading to more effective communication and learning outcomes.

- Assess students' speaking competence using a rubric that considers their sketchnotes and spoken explanations

Sample 2:UNIT 2- HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT - SPEAKING

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to support the activities of speaking skills aboutLiving Green

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

- Talk about ways to live green

- Recognize what activities teenagers should do to live green;

- Be aware of the importance of a green lifestyle

Teacher:set the assignment for groups students to prepare the work at home before going to school

Students: - study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: Living green

It seems that this video doesn't have a transcript Please try another video.

Encourage students to seek constructive feedback on their sketchnotes and speaking performance, fostering a reflective environment where they can identify their strengths and areas for improvement This practice not only enhances their sketchnoting and speaking skills but also promotes personal growth and self-awareness in their learning journey.

Topic: Talking about a TV Music Show

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnotesdrawn on the blackboard to represent the activities of speaking skills aboutTalking about a TV music show with the instrument

- Be eager to create a new musical show;

- Be ready to share their ideas with the whole class;

- Be able to self-study

Teacher: Set the assignment for groups students to prepare on the blackboard to present their speech

Students: - study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: Talking about a TV music showwith the instrument

Encourage students to reflect on their sketchnoting and speaking experiences by providing constructive feedback on both aspects This process helps them identify their strengths and areas for improvement, fostering a deeper understanding of their skills and enhancing their overall performance.

Sample4: UNIT 4 – FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY - SPEAKING

Topic: Benefits of Volunteering Activities

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to support the activities of speaking skills about Benefits of Volunteering Activities

- Talk about the benefits of volunteering activities

- Develop communication skills and creativity

- Be collaborative and supportive in pair work and team work

- Actively join in class activities

- Develop a sense of helping the community and awareness of voluntary work

Teacher:set the assignment for groups students to prepare the work at home before going to school

Students: - study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: Benefits of Volunteering Activities

It seems that this video doesn't have a transcript, please try another video.

Encourage students to seek constructive feedback on their sketchnotes and speaking performances, fostering an environment for reflection This process helps students identify their strengths and areas for improvement in both sketchnoting and public speaking, enhancing their overall learning experience.

Topic: Inventions and how they are used

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to support the activities of speaking skills about Inventions and how they are used

By the end of this lesson, Ss will be able to gain:

- Talk about inventions and how they are used

- Develop communication skills and creativity

- Be collaborative and supportive in pair work and team work

- Actively join in class activities

- Develop flexibility and creativity in learning

- Be responsible for studying, using educational apps

Teacher: Set the assignment for groups students to prepare the work at home before going to school

Students: - study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: Inventions and how they are used

Encourage students to seek constructive feedback on their sketchnotes and speaking performances, fostering a reflective practice that helps them identify their strengths and areas for improvement This process not only enhances their sketchnoting skills but also boosts their speaking abilities, ultimately leading to a more effective learning experience.

Sample6: UNIT 8–NEW WAYS TO LEARN - SPEAKING

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to support the activities of speaking skills about Online Learning

- Gain an overview about the topic Online learning

- Memorize vocabulary to talk about online learning

- Gain some language expressions to talk about advantages and disadvantages

- Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of online learning and give reason for their ideas

- Familiarize with online learning and ready to adapt this new way of learning

Teacher: Set the assignment for groups students to prepare the work at home before going to school

Students: - study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: Online learning

Encourage students to seek constructive feedback on their sketchnotes and speaking performance, fostering an environment of reflection This practice allows them to identify their strengths and pinpoint areas for improvement in both their sketchnoting and speaking skills.

2.2Suggested activities adapted for speaking lessons in Tieng Anh 11(Global Success)

Sample7: UNIT 1- A LONG AND HEALTHY LIFE - SPEAKING

Topic: How to Live a Long and Healthy Life

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to support the activities of speaking skills about How to live a long and healthy life

- Explain what a long and healthy life is and discuss and express their ideas and opinions about how to live a long and healthy life

- Recognize the benefits of healthy life;

- Understand why people need to have a healthy life and raise community’s awareness of the healthy life

Students: - Study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: How to live a long and healthy life

Encourage students to seek constructive feedback on their sketchnotes and speaking performance, fostering a reflective environment where they can identify their strengths and areas for improvement This practice not only enhances their skills but also promotes a deeper understanding of their learning experiences.

Sample8: UNIT 2- THE GENERATION GAP - SPEAKING

Topic: Talking about Different Generations

Aims of the lesson: Help students to use sketchnoting prepared at home to support the activities of speaking skills about different generations

- Explain what a long and healthy life is;

- Discuss and express their ideas and opinions about different generations

- Recognize the differences of generations;

- Understand why people need to have a mutual understanding and sympathy among generations

Students: - Study the topic they are going to talk about in the next class: Different generations

CONCLUSION

1 The Summary of the Study:

A pedagogical experiment conducted at Dien Chau 3 High School revealed the significant benefits of sketchnoting in improving students' speaking skills The study focused on the challenges students face during speaking lessons and demonstrated how sketchnoting can effectively address these difficulties, enhancing overall communication abilities.

Research indicates that sketchnoting significantly enhances students' ability to memorize concepts and improves their speaking competence The experiment demonstrated that consistent sketchnote practice boosts speaking fluency, creativity, and imagination Additionally, it captures students' attention and deepens their understanding of the material, leading to more insightful and confident discussions on the subject matter.

In summary, the experiment indicates that sketchnoting is a valuable technique for enhancing speaking competence among EFL high school students, particularly in areas such as vocabulary acquisition, speaking fluency, creativity, communication skills, and overall engagement in language learning.

The effectiveness of a lesson largely hinges on the teacher's creativity, as they must dedicate significant time to designing engaging teaching activities that align with the lesson's topic and cater to the specific abilities of their students.

Teachers should focus on harmoniously integrating lesson components without overemphasizing specific content Effective time management for each lesson segment is essential, promoting pair activities that motivate students to engage and discuss the material naturally Therefore, it is beneficial to expand this teaching approach to other grades and subjects.

1 Rohde, Mike The sketchnote handbook Peachpit Press, 2013

2 Akbari, R., Behzadpoor, F., &Dadvand, B (2009) Development of English language teaching reflection inventory.System, 38(2),211–227

3 Belland, B R.2013 ―Mindtools for argumentation, and their role in promotingill-structuredproblemsolving‖.InLearning,problemsolving,and mind tools: Essays in honor of David H Jonassen, Editedby: Spector, J M., Lockee,

B B., Smaldino, S E and Herring, M 229–246 New York, NY:Routledge

4 Harmer, J (1989) The Practice of English Language Teaching (1st ed.).Longman

5 H.V Van (2019) Tiếng Anh 10 (Global Success), Viet Nam Education Publishing House

6 H.V.Van (2023) Tiếng Anh 11 (Global Success), Viet Nam Education Publishing House

7 N H.Dung (2003), Phương pháp dạy tiếng Anh trong trường phổ thông, Viet Nam Education PublishingHouse

Pea, R (2004).The social and technological

8 L.T.Chung (2021)Tổng quan về Skechnote, Sketchnote Academy

9 Peper, Richard J., and Richard E Mayer, Generative effects of note-taking

10 Brown, G and G Yule 1983 Teaching the Spoken Language Cambridge:

This survey aims to support our teaching innovation project, "The Application of Sketchnoting as a Technique to Enhance Speaking Competence for Students at Dien Chau 3 High School." Your participation in completing this survey is invaluable, and we assure you that your identity will be kept confidential throughout the research process.

Thank you very much for your cooperation!

Scoring Rubric of Speaking Performance

Categories Scores The Criteria of scoring

The student demonstrates flawless speaking skills, effectively conveying their message Occasionally, the student makes minor errors that do not alter the overall meaning of their communication However, there are instances where frequent grammatical mistakes occur, impacting the clarity and understanding of their statements.

The student makes a lot of grammar mistakes that block the meaning and often rearrange the sentence

The student has bad grammar mistake so it becomes so hard to understand

The student can express and understand the monologue well and the content is clear

The student comprehends the monologue in all although there is repeating in certain part

The student comprehends the monologue but there are some repetition

The student is difficult to follow what he/she said The student does not comprehend although in simple monologue

The student is able to continue speech without too much hesitation

The student‘s fluency is having a little disruption by language problem The student makes a lot of mistake in language problem

The student often doubts and stops because of limited language

The student often breaks off and stops while doing a monologue

Has few trace of foreign language Always intelligible, thought one is conscious of a definite accent

Pronunciation problem necessities concentrated listening and occasionally lead to misunderstanding

Very hard to understand because of pronunciation problem, most frequently be asked to repeat

Pronunciation problem to serve as to make speech virtuallyunintelligible

Vocabulary 5 Use of vocabulary and idioms is virtually that of native speaker

4 Sometimes uses inappropriate terms and must rephrases ideas because of lexical and equities

3 Frequently uses the wrong words conversion somewhat limited because of inadequate vocabulary

Misuse of words and very limited vocabulary makes

Vocabulary limitation so extreme as to make conversation

Appendix 2: Link: (https://youtu.be/7zFW2JG9V2g

Describe a volunteering experience you havehad in your countryside or in your school

What motivated you to participate in

What lessons you had after the experience

1 What personalities and qualities are required for being avolunteer?

1 Do you think people nowadays should volunteermore?

2 How does modern technologies assist volunteers and volunteeringexperiences?

3 Is volunteering worth the time ittakes?

Describe a polluted place you thought

● What type of pollution it is/are

● Causes and effects of pollution

● What you should to protect ecosystem

And explain how this pollution can be controlled

1 What do you think is the most dangerous environmentalproblem?

2 What are the reasons for suchproblems?

3 What have people done to deal with theproblem?

4 What are the best ways to protect ecosystem?

Tiêu đề	The Application of Sketchnoting as a Technique to Develop Speaking Competence for The Students at Dien Chau 3 High School
Tác giả	Lê Thị Thủy, Lê Thị Quý, Lê Thị Thanh
Trường học	Dien Chau 3 High School
Chuyên ngành	English
Thể loại	Teaching Experience
Năm xuất bản	2024
Thành phố	Nghe An

Định dạng
Số trang	48
Dung lượng	3,24 MB