Social intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army today

Based on the above reason, the doctoral student chose the issue "Social intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army today" as the research topic of th Social intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army todaySocial intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army today

1 Reason for choosing thesis topic

Social intelligence reflects social cognitive capacity and theability to solve problems intelligently in communication activities orinteractions with others Social intelligence plays a huge role inindividual success, especially in professional fields that frequentlyinvolve social interaction

Building a team of cadres is a key content of the cause of building a

"regular, elite, gradually modern" revolutionary people's army To performwell their responsibilities and duties, young officers need to have enoughqualities and abilities, including social intelligence

Social intelligence plays a very important role in professionalactivities, not only helping young officers improve their socialunderstanding, thinking thoroughly, mastering and mastering modernscientific knowledge, but also grasping the psychological characteristics

of officers and soldiers under their command, improving leadership,command, and unit management capacity making the interactionprocess between young officers with superiors, with officers andsoldiers more effective

Young officers have gone through the process of studying andtraining at military schools and working in their units, their socialintelligence has had a certain level of development, helping youngofficers quickly integrate and adapt to activities in grassroots units,gradually assert themselves, fulfill their responsibilities and tasks welland tend to develop well However, the social awareness capacity,communication capacity, and empathy of a part of young officers stillreveal some limitations such as: The ability to analyze, evaluate, andearly detect abnormal signs, public opinion trends, and the psychology

of officers and soldiers is not good; The method of handling and solvingtasks is not flexible, and decisiveness is limited

From a psychological perspective, there are a number of domesticand foreign authors researching social intelligence at many levels,scopes, and different aspects of objects in social life Social intelligenceresearch topics are only aimed at students of colleges and universities.There have been no in-depth studies on the social intelligence of youngofficers in the Vietnam People's Army Based on the above reason, the

doctoral student chose the issue "Social intelligence of young officers

in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army today" as the

research topic of the thesis

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2 Research purposes and tasks

Research purpose

Research theoretical and practical issues about social intelligence

of young officers; Proposing socio-psychological measures to developsocial intelligence for young officers in grassroots units in the VietnamPeople's Army today, contributing to perfecting and developing thepersonality of young officers, improving the quality of education andtraining of officers and soldiers to meet the task of combat readiness andfighting successfully

Research mission

Overview of research related to social intelligence; developtheoretical issues about social intelligence of young officers in grassrootsunits; Survey, analyze and evaluate the current state of social intelligenceand factors affecting the social intelligence of young officers; Proposesocial-psychological measures and organize an experimental impactmeasure to develop social intelligence for young officers at grassrootsunits in the Vietnam People's Army today

3 Objects, subjects and scope of research

Research subjects: Young officers, in grassroots units in the

Vietnam People's Army

Research object: Factors forming, level of social intelligence and

factors affecting social intelligence of young officers

Research scope

Scope of content: The thesis focuses on researching the level of

social intelligence expressed through 05 constituent factors (Socialcognitive capacity; Self-expression capacity; Credibility-creatingcapacity; Effective communication capacity; Empathy capacity) andfactors affecting young officers' social intelligence in activities andcommunication

Scope of subjects: The total number of research subjects is 500 young

officers, the surveyed subjects are 120 officers and officers (Leaders,commanders and officers are not subject to being young officers), 120 non-commissioned officers and soldiers in grassroots units

Area scope: The thesis focuses on object research in 04

fully-armed infantry division units: f395 - Military Region 3, f324 - MilitaryRegion 4, f312 - Army Corps 12, f330 - Military Region 9

Time scope: The data used for the thesis's research are surveyed,

investigated, and synthesized from 2020 to 2025

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4 Scientific hypothesis

The social intelligence of young officers today is at a high level,but there is no uniformity in the factors that create it The ability tocreate trust is at the highest level and the young officer's ability toempathize is at the lowest level There are meaningful differences in thefactors that make up young officers' social intelligence according to thenumber of years of service

The social intelligence of young officers is influenced by manysubjective and objective factors, of which activeness, training and thenature and requirements of the unit's combat readiness training tasks inthe new situation are the two most influential factors

The social intelligence of young officers can be developedthrough socio-psychological measures

5 Theoretical, political, legal and practical basis

Theoretical basis

The thesis is researched based on the perspective of Marxism-Leninismand Ho Chi Minh's ideology; Guidelines and viewpoints of the CommunistParty of Vietnam on building a team of cadres; Army construction

The thesis is researched based on the methodology of the science

of Psychology and the basic methodological principles of MarxistPsychology, especially the principle of operational approach; principles

of systems approach; principles of development approach; principles ofpersonality approach

Political and legal basis

The thesis is based on the Party Congress Resolutions Circularsand regulations of the Ministry of National Defense and the GeneralDepartment of Politics on building a team of military officers in thenew period and the Law on Officers of the Vietnam People's Army(amended and supplemented in 2024), regulating the positions andresponsibilities of military officers and officers

Practical basis

Resolution of the Central Military Commission on building ateam of military officers in the new period Results of investigations,field surveys and reports, preliminary and final data of agencies andunits related to the thesis topic Practical training, education, andtraining of officers and soldiers at grassroots units

6 Research methods

The thesis uses a combination of research methods

Methods of researching texts and documents; Group of practicalresearch methods: method of asking for expert opinions; questionnaire survey

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method; discussion method; in-depth interview method; impact experimentalmethods; Data processing methods using mathematical statistics.

7 New contributions of the thesis

Theoretical contributions

The thesis has built a scientific concept of intelligence, socialintelligence, and social intelligence of young officers at grassroots units.Systematizing the psychological, physiological and operationalcharacteristics of young officers in grassroots units, the factors thatmake up the social intelligence of young officers include: Socialcognitive capacity; ability to express oneself; the ability to create trust;effective communication capacity; Empathic capacity is based on K.Albrecht's S.P.A.C.E model The thesis identifies subjective andobjective factors affecting the social intelligence of young officers atgrassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army

Practical contribution

The thesis has evaluated the current state of social intelligence ofyoung officers, the relationship between the factors that make up socialintelligence, and pointed out the differences in social intelligence ofyoung officers between different groups of subjects The thesis pointsout the current status of the influence of a number of factors on thesocial intelligence of young officers at grassroots units Since then,actual data and new and more detailed comments on the socialintelligence of young officers in the current period have been added.Based on the results of theoretical and practical research, the thesis hasproposed basic socio-psychological measures to develop socialintelligence for young officers at grassroots units in the VietnamPeople's Army today and experimented with 01 impact measure todevelop social intelligence for young officers

8 Theoretical and practical significance of the thesis

Theoretical significance

The thesis has added a study on social intelligence in the military.This study also contributes to the way of viewing and evaluating the socialintelligence of young officers in a specific and empirical way; contributing

to supplementing and clarifying the theory of social intelligence, expandingnew concepts and research directions on intellectual psychology, as well asthe psychological characteristics of young officers

Practical significance

From the results of practical research on social intelligence ofyoung officers in grassroots units, the thesis provides a practical basisfor Party committees, leaders, and commanders of units on leadership

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and direction at the unit; apply and develop appropriate mechanismsand policies to stimulate young officers to be active and proactive intraining and self-improvement; Plan to foster and improve socialintelligence for officers and officers in general and young officers inparticular to meet requirements and tasks, improve training quality andcombat readiness at grassroots units.

The research results of the thesis can be the basis for furtherenhancing the role of young officers in performing their responsibilitiesand tasks, improving the quality of leadership and command activities atgrassroots units The results can be applied in reviewing and evaluating thequality of training, combat readiness, fighting to protect the Fatherland,formal construction, and discipline training at grassroots units today.The research results of the thesis can serve as a reference forofficers, lecturers, and students at academies and military officerschools when researching the social intelligence of young officers

9 Structure of the thesis

The thesis includes: Introduction; 4 chapters (12 sections); conclude; list

of author's research projects; list of references; appendix

Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION

RELATED TO THESIS TOPIC 1.1 Overview of research on social intelligence issues

1.1.1 Research on the origin and nature of social intelligence

Thorndike E.L (1920), “Intelligence and its use”; Wechsler D(1939, 1958), The measurement of adult intelligence and Themeasurement and evaluation of adult intelligence, 4th ed; Ford M.E &Tisak M.S (1983), A further search for social intelligence; KihlstromJ.F and Cantor N (1987), Personality and Social intelligence, H.Gardner(1998), Structure of intelligence - Theory of many forms of intelligence;Sternberg R.J (2000), Handbook of intelligence; Ronald E Riggio (2014),What is social intelligence why does it matter; Bashaer, A.M (2017), ABehavioral Approach to Leadership Competencies and its Influence onEmployee and Organizational Performance in the United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas Sector; Tran Kieu (2001 -2005), Research on intellectualdevelopment (IQ, EQ, CQ) of pupils, students and young workers to meetthe requirements of industrialization and modernization; Phan Trong Ngo(2020), Research on social intelligence of middle school students to meetthe requirements of the new general education program

Authors have different approaches and explanations about the originand nature of social intelligence However, it is possible to generalize thenature of social intelligence as the human ability to interact with others in a

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social environment and use social skills, cultural knowledge, ethics,emotions, thinking and behavior to meet the requirements and challenges inlife It is a combination of genetic factors and social environment, and isformed and developed through the process of interaction between theindividual and the social environment.

1.1.2 Studies on the structure and manifestation of social intelligence

Guilford J.P (1967), The nature of intelligence; Guilford J.P (1967),The nature of intelligence, Greenspan S.I (1979), Intelligence andadaptation: An integration of psychoanalytic and Piagetian developmentalpsychology; Marlowe H.A (1986), Social intelligence: Evidence formultidimensionality and construct; Riggio, R (2002), Multiple intelligenceand leadership; Albrecht K (2006), Social intelligence: the new science ofsuccess; T Buzan (2002, 2014), The power of social intelligence; Rodman,

J (2016), Social Intelligence, Introduction and Overview for the Army’sHuman Dimension Initiative; Nguyen Thi Hong (2018), Social intelligence

of preschool pedagogy students;

The authors' studies, although coming from differentperspectives, consider the social intelligence structure to be single-component or multi-component, but in general they consider socialintelligence to be a combination of components that can be divided intotwo groups: cognition and behavior However, up to now there is still

no consensus on the structure and manifestation of social intelligence

1.1.3 Studies on social intelligence measurement tools

Moss F.A and his colleagues (1927), Are you socially intelligent;Hunt T (1928), The measurement of social intelligence; Moss F.A, Hunt

T, and Omwake K.T (1949), Manual for the Social Intelligence Test,Revised Form; O’Sullivan M and Guilford J.P (1965), Six Factors ofBehavioral Cognition: Understanding Other People; Hendricks M,Guilford J.P and Hoepfner R (1969), “Measuring creative socialintelligence”; Mauthe K.F (1989), An investigation of the content andcontext of social intelligence; Sameer B.M (2007), Social intelligenceand aggression among senior secondary school students - Acomparative sketch; Noorje Meijs, H N Antonius Cillessen, Ron H J.Scholte, E Segers and R Spijkerman (2008), Social intelligence andacademic performance - predictors of adolescent trustworthiness;Nguyen Cong Khanh (2011), Research on the social intelligence index(SQ) of students at Pedagogical University

The measurement methods that psychologists have designed arehighly regarded It contributes to enriching measurement tools to detectthe level of human social intelligence (through the social intelligence

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index - SQ) and brings the field of applied social intelligence researchinto real life Social intelligence assessment and measurement methodsprovide tools to measure human social interaction abilities, assisting inthe study of human understanding and social behavior, therebyimproving issues related to communication, cooperation, negotiationand conflict resolution However, there is still no consensus amongstudies on methods of measuring social intelligence.

1.1.4 Studies on factors affecting social intelligence

Sameer B.M (2007), Social intelligence and aggression amongsenior secondary school students - A comparative sketch; Qingwen Dong,Randall J Koper and Christine M Collaco (2008), Social intelligence, self-esteem and sensitivity in cross-cultural communication; M Goel and P.Aggarwal (2012), Comparing the social intelligence of children who areonly children in the family with children who have siblings; Soleiman Y.Jeloudar and A.S Md Yunus (2012), The relationship between socialintelligence and teachers' use of measures to maintain classroom discipline;B.Duvnjak, J Bajraktarevic (2013), Using social networks and socialintelligence of students; Le Quy Trinh (2002), Developing intellectualcapacity of young officers in the Vietnam People's Army today; Kieu ThiThanh Tra (2017), Social intelligence characteristics of Ho Chi Minh CityPedagogical University students

The research has been approached from many angles, with differentobjects showing a variety of colors, providing a unified, rigorous, andscientific theoretical system However, each author only mentions one ortwo factors, and there is not even a consensus when recognizing theinfluence of a certain factor This shows that there is a need for more in-depth research on factors, even combinations of factors, to show the extent

of their influence on social intelligence

1.1.5 Research on paths and measures to develop social intelligence

Albrecht K (2006), Social intelligence: the new science ofsuccess; Suresh K (2009), Social Intelligence of student teachers;D.Goleman (2008), Social Intelligence - The new science of humanrelationships; Odena K.B (2015), “Embedding emotional intelligenceinto military training contexts”; Huynh Van Son (2011); Awareness ofsocial intelligence and measures to develop social intelligence forchildren aged 6 - 11 years old by parents in Ho Chi Minh City; KieuThanh Tra (2017), Social intelligence characteristics of pedagogicalstudents in Ho Chi Minh City; Vuong Tri Quang (2020), Wisdom ofstudents training squad-level officers at military schools; Ha Thanh

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Tung (2023), Communication capacity of student managers atacademies and military officer schools today.

Based on the analysis of characteristics, needs, influencing factorsand the current state of social intelligence in specific fields of activity andoccupation, the authors have proposed a system of different psychologicalmeasures to develop the level of social intelligence of active subjects Inparticular, the measures focus on the subject of the operation andimproving the environment and conditions of the operation

1.2 The value of the scientific works reviewed and the issues the thesis focuses on

1.2.1 The value of scientific works has been summarized for the thesis topic

Firstly, research projects on social intelligence in many different

fields and subjects Based on different approaches, the authors havethoroughly described the concept, nature, structure, manifestations,measurements, influencing factors, formation, development andapplications of social intelligence in practical life in different subjects.There is a view that social intelligence is the ability to understand andinteract with others to act and adapt to social interactions Another viewviews social intelligence as an individual's knowledge of the social world;

is the ability to evaluate people and the emotional factors, motivations,thoughts, attitudes and other psychological tendencies that influence anindividual's social behavior; the ability to understand other people'sbehavior and the ability to respond to other people's behavior; is the ability

to solve specific social situations; is the ability to understand the emotions,thoughts and actions of individuals and others in communication situationsand apply that understanding to behave appropriately The authors' researchalso discussed a lot about the structure and manifestations of socialintelligence, affirming its independent existence from general intelligenceand having a single-component or multi-component structure However,basically all studies consider social intelligence as a combination ofabilities, including many components

Second, research on factors affecting social intelligence has been

mentioned, showing quite a variety of influencing factors and are oftengeneralized on two groups of subjective factors such as: biologicalfactors, educational level; subject's perception; sex; personal positivity;Living capital, experience Objective factors such as: operatingenvironment, task requirements, work, behavior of family, friends andsuperiors, etc

Third, the research results have also shown the bases, methodologies

and approaches to build measurement scales and propose paths and

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measures to develop social intelligence Accordingly, the thesisinherits and supplements to identify indicators and usethem to quantify the social intelligence of young officers.The results of the above research projects on socialintelligence are an extremely rich source of material,with important content that doctoral students canexploit, refer to, inherit, and develop in order to buildtheir thesis At the same time, the research results alsoshow that there is no scientific work that directly, in-depth, and systematically studies the social intelligence

of young officers at grassroots units in the VietnamPeople's Army Therefore, understanding this issue willcontribute to enriching research directions and theories

on social intelligence in general and research results onsocial intelligence of young officers in particular fromthe perspective of psychology

2.2 Thesis research issues focus on

Firstly, based on an overview of research works related to social

intelligence, from there, identify issues that previous research workshave not mentioned, or have not mentioned fully, systematically anddeeply, so that the thesis can determine the research direction,supplement and clarify the social intelligence of young officers

Second, on the basis of inheriting research works on social

intelligence from domestic and foreign authors, the thesis needs to build

a set of tool concepts to serve the purpose and research tasks of thethesis, analyze the psychological - physiological characteristics,operational characteristics of young officers, clarify the factors thatmake up and the level of social intelligence of young officers; clarifyfactors affecting young officers' social intelligence Identify specificindicators and scales as a basis for designing questionnaires and surveys

to survey and assess the current status of social intelligence levels andthe current status of the influence of factors on social intelligence ofyoung officers at grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army today

Third, to develop the social intelligence of young officers, the

thesis deeply researches, surveys, and evaluates the current status of thesocial intelligence level of young officers and the degree of influence offactors on the social intelligence of young officers To ensureobjectivity, the thesis uses a combination of research methods frompsychological science to clarify the level of social intelligence of youngofficers at grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army

Fourth, on the basis of the theoretical framework of the research

problem, analyzing and evaluating the results of the current state of

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social intelligence and the current state of factors affecting the socialintelligence of young officers, the thesis proposes a number of socio-psychological measures to develop social intelligence for youngofficers At the same time, the thesis organizes and conductsexperimental experiments on a measure to develop social intelligencefor young officers at grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army.

Conclusion of chapter 1

Social intelligence is an issue that psychology has been interested

in researching for a long time Research is conducted from many differentangles and directions, addressing many subjects in different areas of sociallife Research shows that there are many different research directions onsocial intelligence This is a system of knowledge about many importantcontents for the research implementation issues in the thesis The overallresults are summarized in 5 aspects and 4 issues that pose the thesis forfurther research Through this, we can analyze, evaluate, selectively inherit,supplement and develop research achievements to serve the researchprocess on social intelligence of young officers

Chapter 2 THEORETICAL ISSUES OF SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE OF YOUNG OFFICER IN THE BASE UNIT IN THE ARMY

PEOPLE OF VIETNAM 2.1 Theory of social intelligence

2.1.1 Intelligence

2.1.1.1 Intellectual concept

Intelligence is a combination of cognitive abilities, creative abilitiesand the ability to control human emotions in society, ensuring that individualactivities achieve goals, adapt and respond effectively in life activities

2.1.1.2 Intellectual structure

The intellectual structure model according to C.Spearman, includestwo main components; mental model according to N.A.Menchinxcaia andE.N Canbanova - Menle, personal intelligence consists of two components:knowledge about objects and intellectual tricks; R.Sternberg, an Americanpsychologist, believes that personal intelligence consists of three components;L.L Thurstone's multifactor structural model; Three-dimensional structuralmodel by J.P Guilford

2.1.2 Social intelligence

2.1.2.1 The concept of social intelligence

An individual's social intelligence is a combination of socialcognitive abilities, self-expression, creating trust, effectivecommunication and empathy, helping individuals establish activities

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and maintain relationships, communicate and behave with others ineffective social interactions.

2.1.2.2 Social intellectual structure

Expanding social intelligence research J.P Guilford (1967),proposed a social intelligence structure that includes understanding behaviorand responding to the behavior of others Stanley I Greenspan (1979) stated athree-component model of social intelligence: sensitivity, understanding, andsocial communication H.A Marlowe (1986) describes social intelligencethrough five domains: attitudes, functional abilities, empathy, emotionalexpression, and social confidence Kozmitzki and John (1993) identified sevenkey components, ranging from recognition to social adaptation Amelang andBartussek (1990) view social intelligence as a combination of self-awareness,social competence, and emotional intelligence D Goleman identifies socialintelligence through two components: Social awareness and socialcompetence; K Albrecht portrays the structure: Social awareness to "read" thesoul, express yourself like weaving images, create credibility through honesty,effective communication - the art of listening and sharing, empathy - the key toopening the door of the soul; Tony Buzan expands on 7 qualities; NguyenCong Khanh (2011) identifies the social intelligence structure as consisting of

4 elements; Phan Trong Ngo believes that social intelligence is not an "entitystructure", but a mobile functional structure

2.2 Theory on social intelligence of young officers in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army

2.2.1 Concept of young officers in base units

Young officers in grassroots units are officers, no more than 35years old, with military ranks from second lieutenant to major andholding positions in detachment-level units in the army

2.2.2 Characteristics of young officers in grassroots units

2.2.2.1 Psychological and physiological characteristics of young officers

Firstly, young officers are people who are in the prime of their

health and intellectual development; Second, young officers have a fairlyhigh and comprehensive level of awareness; Third, young officers' militaryexperience and skills are in the process of being perfected; Fourth, the will

to overcome difficulties and military career trends of young officers are inthe process of being consolidated and perfected

2.2.2.2 Characteristics of young officers' activities in grassroots units

Firstly, young officers in grassroots units directly organize,

manage, educate and train soldiers, successfully performing assigned

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tasks; Second, the activities of young officers in grassroots units take

place in difficult, arduous, and complex conditions on many fronts;

Third, the main objects of influence of young officers in grassroots units are soldiers and military collectives; Fourth, the activities of

young officers in grassroots units take place in a strictly organized andstrictly disciplined military environment

2.2.3 The concept of social intelligence of young officers

A young officer's social intelligence is a combination of theabilities of social awareness, self-expression, creating trust, effectivecommunication and empathy, helping young officers establish andmaintain relationships, communicate and behave with others in socialinteraction and effective military operations

2.2.4 Factors constituting social intelligence of young officers

in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army

2.2.4.1 Social cognitive capacity of young officers: is the understanding, analysis and evaluation of social situations, grasp of values, social norms and the ability to apply to work practice, as well as skills to interact effectively with others in the social and military environment

2.2.4.2 Young officers' ability to express themselves: is to build their self-image effectively, appropriate to their interactive situations

2.2.4.3 The ability to create trust in young officers: is a very important factor contributing to a person's self-worth, and it is also the foundation for adjusting thoughts and actions, helping people operate and communicate effectively

2.2.4.4 Effective communication capacity of young officers: is the selection and use of appropriate means of communication to convey information clearly, accurately and convincingly in different situations 2.2.4.5 Empathy capacity of young officers: is the ability to listen, recognize and understand the thoughts and feelings of others First of all is an accurate understanding of the world of officers and soldiers' souls

2.3 Factors affecting the social intelligence of young officers

in grassroots units in the Vietnam People's Army

2.3.1 Group of subjective factors

2.3.1.1 Military career trends of young officers

2.3.1.2 The temperament of a young officer

2.3.1.3 Life and experience of young officers

2.3.1.4 Young officer's positivity